JPS5838271Y2 - incinerator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an incinerator, and more specifically, in an incinerator that dries and burns materials to be burned while sequentially feeding them diagonally downward along a set of stokers, the feeding direction and width of the stoker on the rosdol are This relates to an incinerator that improves combustion efficiency by making the thickness of the material to be burned uniform in both directions.

BACKGROUND ART As an incinerator for municipal waste, etc., for example, one having a structure as shown in FIG. 1 (schematic vertical cross-sectional view) is commonly used.

That is, in Fig. 1, the materials to be combusted 3 are charged into the incinerator 1 from the hopper 2, and after being sequentially charged into the incinerator by the pusher 4 etc., they pass over the rosdle into the drying zone A, the combustion zone B, and the post-combustion zone. The incinerated ash is dried and burned by the flame from the burner 5 while moving in the order of C, and the incinerated ash is mainly sent from the ash removal drum at the rear, and some of it is sent from the ash chute 6 provided below the Rosdol to the water-sealed ash collection tank 8. Fall.

By the way, there are two types of means for transferring the combustible material 3 in the incinerator 1: (1) a type in which the e73 to be combusted is stirred up and transferred by a peak rod, and (2) a type in which the to-be-combusted material 3 is sent as it is without stirring it up by a stoker set rosdle. It can be classified into

Both types have their advantages and disadvantages, but the type (■) has the advantage of a relatively simple structure and fewer failures, as well as the advantage that the burning solids are not stirred up, so the spark does not go out and the combustion condition is stable. , has been widely put into practical use.

However, because there is no scraping, combustion at the bottom of the stacked materials to be burned becomes incomplete, resulting in a problem that more unburned materials than expected remain in the incinerated ash.

Moreover, the material to be burned 3 is intermittently fed into the incinerator by a packet crane or the like, and is continuously fed into the incinerator by a pusher 4 or the like.
However, since the to-be-combusted material 3 contains many lumps, it is placed in the drying zone A as shown in the figure.
The layer thickness of the material to be burned 3 may become non-uniform, resulting in insufficient drying at abnormally elevated parts.

In addition, as mentioned above, in the stoker set Rossdol, the combustible material 3
Since the mountain is sent to the combustion zone B in almost the same state without collapsing, the lower part of the abnormal bulge in the combustion zone B is under-combusted, which is a major cause of deterioration in combustion efficiency and burnout loss. It has become.

In order to prevent such troubles, in the process of charging the material to be combusted 3 into the incinerator 1, it is necessary to crush the lumps and feed them a certain amount at a time, and to generate ignition seeds uniformly throughout the incinerator. However, the current stoker incinerators do not have this function sufficiently, so it is necessary to take some countermeasures.

On the other hand, laser beams are highly focused parallel beams that can concentrate high energy in a specific direction, so they are widely used for forming micro holes, precision welding, and processing ultra-hard materials such as diamond. .

By the way, previous laser beam emitting devices were extremely expensive and were only used in special fields, but as applied research into the above-mentioned characteristics of laser beams progressed and the fields of application expanded, laser beam emitting devices It has become possible to obtain and put into practical use relatively inexpensively.

Under the above-mentioned circumstances, the present inventor thought that the above-mentioned drawbacks could be prevented by using a laser beam to cut and collapse the abnormal bulge, and has been conducting research along this line. Ta.

The present invention was completed as a result of such research, and its configuration consists of an incinerator that dries and burns the materials to be burned while sequentially sending them diagonally downward along a set of stokers. The gist of this method is that a laser beam emitting device is arranged so as to be directed at the material to be burnt on the dry rosdle, and an abnormally raised portion of the material to be burnt on the rostrum is burned and cut.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The structure and effect of this invention are demonstrated concretely based on the drawing which shows an Example below.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the incinerator according to the present invention. Reference numerals 1 to 8 in the figure have the same meanings as in FIG. It is done in the same way.

However, in the present invention, a laser beam emitting device 9 is disposed in the upper part of the rear stage of the incinerator 1 so as to direct toward the combustion target 913 on the drying zone A, and this emitting device 9 is operated by an actuator (hydraulic) not shown.

It can be moved or swung in the furnace width direction and vertical direction by adjusting the angle of the mirror (pneumatic pressure, electricity, etc.) or by adjusting the angle of the mirror.

Therefore, by directing the laser beam to an appropriate thickness position of the material to be burned 3 on the drying zone A and scanning it in the width direction of the oven, the abnormally raised part including the lumps will be burned and cut off, and the drying In the process of moving from zone A to combustion zone B or in the process of being transferred through drying zone A, the layer thickness of the material to be burned 3 in each zone A and B can be made constant.

In addition, since sparks are formed in the burnt material 3 in the drying zone A during the combustion cutting process, the sparks are carried as they are into the burnt material 3 that has moved to the combustion zone B, and are evenly and efficiently spread over the entire oven width direction. Burn.

As a result, there is no possibility that combustible materials remain unburned in the combustion zone B and post-combustion zone C, and the heat and burn weight can be significantly improved.

In addition, the layer thickness of the transferred material to be combusted 3 can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the directional height of the laser beam, so that the layer thickness can provide the optimum combustion efficiency depending on the quality of the material to be combusted 3, furnace operation conditions, etc. An appropriate thickness can be ensured.

By the way, the direction of the laser beam can be controlled manually while monitoring the combustion state inside the furnace from the outside, but if an automatic control method as shown below is adopted, the effects of the present invention can be further enhanced and labor can be saved. is also achieved.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, on the upper furnace wall of combustion zone B,
A sensor 10 (equipped with an ultrasonic wave or radio wave transmitter/receiver) for detecting the layer thickness of the combustible material 3 is installed to constantly detect changes in the layer thickness of the combustible material 3, and detect the location of abnormal bulges. is converted into an electrical signal by a converter 11 and input to a small electronic computer 12.

The small electronic computer 12 instantaneously calculates the directivity and output of the laser beam according to the position and height of the abnormal bulge, and sends it to the operating section of the laser beam emitting device 9 via the converter 13 and controller 14. A laser beam of appropriate intensity is irradiated onto the object to be burned 3 above the corresponding drying zone.

It is also possible to input a part of the output from the converter 13 to the display 15 so that the direction and intensity of the laser beam can be monitored outside the furnace.

That is, in the stoker set Rossdol, as mentioned above, the abnormally raised part of the burnt material 3 in the drying zone A moves in parallel to the combustion zone B, so by detecting the abnormally raised part in the combustion zone A, It is possible to indirectly infer an abnormal swelling state in the drying zone B and perform a predetermined automatic operation.

As is clear from these descriptions, it is of course possible to install the layer thickness detection sensor above the drying zone A so that the direction of the laser beam, etc. can be directly detected.

Depending on the output of the laser beam emitting device, it is possible that the laser beam may penetrate the material to be burned and damage the furnace wall, but the applied voltage should be adjusted or the concentration point of the laser beam should be adjusted appropriately using a lens, etc. By doing so, only the abnormally raised portion can be reliably burned and cut off without damaging the furnace wall or the like.

Although commercially available electric power may be used as the operating source for the laser beam generator, it is advantageous to use electric power recovered from the exhaust gas heat of the incinerator, since the power consumption can be saved. .

The present invention is roughly constructed as described above, and since it is configured to burn and cut the abnormally raised part of the object to be burnt using the irradiation energy of the laser beam, it is possible to at least keep the layer thickness of the object to be burnt constant as it moves through the combustion zone. can be maintained.

As a result, the combustion of the materials to be combusted progresses uniformly in the width direction of the furnace, and together with the generation of sparks during combustion cutting, the combustion efficiency can be greatly increased, and furthermore, the amount of loss due to burning can be greatly improved. Ta.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional explanatory view illustrating a conventional incinerator, and FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional explanatory view illustrating an incinerator according to the present invention. 1...Incinerator, 2...Hopper, 3.
...Burnable material, 4...Pusher, 5.
...burner, 6...ash shoot, 7...
... Ash removal drum, 9 ... Laser beam emitting device, 10 ... Sensor for detecting layer thickness of burnt material,
A: Drying zone, B: Combustion zone, C: After-combustion zone.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A set of stokers In an incinerator that dries and burns materials to be burned while sequentially sending them diagonally downward along a rosdle, a laser beam emitting device is arranged at the rear stage of the incinerator so as to direct the materials to be burned on the drying rosdle. 1. An incinerator characterized in that the incinerator is configured to burn and cut off an abnormally raised part of the material to be burnt on the loss dollar.