JPS5837412A - Combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the combustion chamber wall from being adhered with foreign matters such as fuel and the like by a method wherein the inner peripheral walls of cylindrical combustion chambers are formed with annular porous refractory bodies and combustion air is supplied in the annular chambers outside said refractory bodies. CONSTITUTION:The annular chambers 8-10 are made of the annular refractory bodies 6 and 7 with interconnecting minute voids with one another therewithin outside the cylindrical combustion chambers 1-3. Combustion air is jetted through a primary air supply pipe 39, the annular chamber 8 and the minute voids of the annular refractory body 6 into the combustion chamber 1. Said combustion air supplies oxygen necessary for continuation of combustion and as well as prevents the wall of the annular refractory body 6 from being adhered with foreign matters such as fuel and the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combustion device that uses granular (powdered) solid matter as a fuel, and more particularly to a combustion device that effectively prevents fuel or ash from adhering to the walls of a combustion chamber.

Due to concerns about oil supply, there are calls for a review of coal and other solid fuels, but these solid fuels must be completely combusted.
Or it is difficult to obtain high firepower with a simple power device.

Among these, so-called fluidized bed combustion, in which the solid fuel is granulated (pulverized) and burned while agitated and floated, is attracting attention as a combustion method that solves the above problems, but a comparison of the structures It has been difficult to make the above-mentioned combustion completely effective using a compact and simple combustion device. In addition, in this fluidized bed combustion, if sticky fuel is used, the fuel and components will adhere to the walls of the combustion chamber, so periodic removal of the deposits is essential. It was.

The present invention was made for the purpose of obtaining a combustion device that is particularly free from foreign matter adhering to the combustion chamber wall. An annular chamber is formed in an annular refractory having microscopic voids, and combustion air is supplied to the annular chamber, and the air is blown out into the cylindrical combustion chamber by the microporous force of the annular refractory. This prevents foreign matter such as fuel from adhering to the cylindrical combustion chamber wall and the annular refractory wall.

The combustion device of the present invention can be used with the cylindrical combustion chamber placed either vertically or horizontally, but in particular, it is possible to use the cylindrical combustion chamber in a horizontal position and use it multiple times in succession, facing the most downstream combustion gas expansion chamber. By removing the combustion residue from the Masuda pipe, a combustion device suitable for use as a heat source for heating, hot water, space heating, greenhouses, and dryers can be obtained.

The invention will now be described with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

This combustion device has first, second, and third cylindrical combustion chambers.

λ, 3, and a combustion gas increase chamber j with a dust collection chamber l connected below. Each of these chambers has a horizontal cylindrical shape with its axis horizontal, and on the outside of the comb-shaped combustion chamber L, 2.3 is an annular refractory with continuous fine voids. Za,ri.

10 are formed. In other words, the cylindrical combustion chamber/...
2. The inner peripheral wall of J is formed by the annular refractory J, 7.
Annular chambers r, ri, and io are located outside of it. The annular refractory B is composed of a series of members that are common to the combustion chambers/1. Combustion chamber/
It is also possible to construct it from a series of members common to 2.3. .

Each of the above-mentioned chambers includes a refractory material on the outer periphery //, a stepped cylinder provided inside the refractory material //, 2, and a partition wall /3. /4t.

It is composed of /j etc. shi, i! A circulation pipe for circulating cooling water or cooling air is embedded inside the refractory material. lzα is the entrance of the Nokuib,
ltb is Kawaguchi.

Therefore, cylindrical combustion chamber/Question 9.2 and 3. 'Partition wall between groups/3. /≠ has a shaft communication port /7゜/ in its center, and a cylindrical combustion chamber /, a plurality of inclined communication holes tilted in the direction of the vortex flow in λ on the outside of the communication port with /≠. /9. ．． 20 are drilled. 11+8 (1 letter ro/'y, it's surrounding wall/
7α, l and α are partition walls/3. It protrudes on both sides in the axial direction from the opening and prevents heavy unburned granular fuel from flowing into the downstream chamber. Further, the outer 8 parts of the partition wall /3°/4' protrude into the combustion chamber /, -, so that the combustion gas is guided smoothly to the shaft communication port /7/r. On the other hand, the partition wall lj between the combustion chamber 3 and the combustion gas extraction chamber 2 does not have a shaft communication port, and communicates the two chambers only through the local inclined communication hole 2/.

The comb-shaped combustion chamber/ has a structure shown in Figs. 2 and 6.
A fuel supply pipe, 2, opens downward in the tangential direction of the chamber, and the upstream side IK in the circumferential direction of this fuel supply pipe J,
The ignition flame introduction pipe J, which also faces in the tangential direction, is open. The ignition flame introduction pipe KOJ is connected to a blower 27 -υ, and the ignition flame introduction pipe λS is connected to a gas cylinder 30 via a nitrogen gas cylinder and an on-off valve λ. The ignition gas mixed with air by the ejector 2K is ignited by the ignition flag 3/, and the ignition flame is guided 1)fl into the first cylindrical combustion chamber l. 3 is the ignition flame on-off valve.

The extension end of the fuel supply pipe, 2t/, from the first cylindrical combustion chamber/, is connected to the blower core, and the blower, 2t/, is connected to the blower core.
A fuel mixing pipe 3j of a fuel storage hopper 34L is connected to the front side of the fuel storage hopper 7. Inside the fuel mixing pipe 35 is a drive device 31.
(FIG. 7), the conveying screw 37 which is rotationally driven is inserted, and the granular (powder) fuel inside the Eshihonba 3 is guided into the fuel supply pipe μ by this rotation of the seven screws. The amount of fuel supplied can be adjusted by changing the rotational speed of the conveyor 7 cruille 37, and the amount of air can be adjusted by changing the flow rate - the opening degree of the regulating valve 3g.

A primary air (combustion air) supply pipe 3 connected to the blower 27 is opened in the outer annular chamber l of the third cylindrical combustion chamber. Air is supplied into the annular chamber from the annular refractory and blows out into the combustion chamber through fine gaps in the annular refractory.

Since the annular refractory j is, for example, a porous body made by sintering granular materials, the secondary air is uniformly blown into the combustion chamber l from all 8η of the refractory j.

The combustion air is blown out from the block refractories j, 7,
Third cylindrical combustion chamber! , 3 are carried out in the same manner as above. That is, the combustion chamber λ is clearly shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 4.

In the outer annular chamber 10 of 3, secondary air and tertiary air supply pipes are opened, similar to the primary air supply pipe 3 of the first combustion chamber. In addition, a vortex air supply pipe Vλ, 4t3 opens in the tangential direction of the combustion chamber KO, 3, and these air supply pipes 1, tO, 'II, 11
2 and 113 are connected to the blower 27 via on-off valves Hirohiro, Gj, 4#, and ≠7, respectively.

The dust collection chamber ≠ connected below the combustion gas extraction chamber j is a large one located below each of the above-mentioned chambers /, There is. The vertical passage jo expands in diameter both in the front-rear direction and in the left-right direction from the extraction chamber j side to the dust collection chamber side, thereby ensuring a sufficiently large communication area between the extraction chamber and the dust collection chamber g. There is a removable tray at the bottom of the dust collection room! / is provided.

The combustion gas take-off pipe j2 is located outside the device, so it is installed in the above-mentioned take-off chamber j.
The inner end of the fl that is inserted into the chamber faces the chamber so that it does not come into contact with any wall surface of the chamber. The outer end of this outlet tube 2 is connected to a boiler or other heat exchanger.

Note that an air supply pipe j3 opens tangentially downward on one side of the combustion gas extraction chamber j. Also, the sign j≠,!
! ;.

jt,! 7 are chambers/, 2, 3, respectively. j shows the inspection window.

In this combustion device having the above configuration, when the drive device 36 and blower 27 of the fuel storage hopper 3g are driven simultaneously, the six granular fuel in the hopper 3q is supplied by the screw 37 into the fuel supply pipe 2≠. The air is carried by the blower 27 and is ejected into the first cylindrical combustion chamber. Therefore, in this state, open the on-off valve and spark plug 3/
The scum from the gas cylinder 30 is ignited, and the flame is ignited by the flame introduction pipe, 2! When the fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber/through the combustion chamber, combustion in a vortex-like fluid state is started. If it is possible to further increase the turbulence in the combustion chamber, a separate tangential air supply pipe can be opened.

Inside the combustion chamber, there are three secondary air supply pipes and an annular chamber♂.
Combustion air is blown out into the above-mentioned mechanism through the fine gaps of the annular refractory-6. This combustion air not only serves to supply oxygen to ensure continued combustion, but also has the important function of preventing fuel and other foreign matter from adhering to the wall of the annular refractory-6. In other words, since air constantly blows over the inner circumferential wall ρ of the combustion chamber, there is no risk of foreign matter adhering to the wall.

The swirling combustion gas that burns in this way in the first cylindrical combustion chamber then flows into the second cylindrical combustion chamber through the shaft communication port 7 of the partition wall 3 and the inclined peripheral communication hole 7. further into the partition wall/≠ shaft part communication C17g and peripheral inclined communication hole, 2
0 into the third cylindrical combustion chamber 3 to continue swirling combustion. Whirlpool air supply pipe 4t2. The air flow from ≠3 is effective in strengthening this vortex, and the secondary air and tertiary air supply pipes≠O1≠7, the annular chamber, /θ and the annular fireproof -6°7 The air blown into the combustion chamber λ,3 from the fine gap ρλ prevents foreign matter from adhering to the inner circumferential wall of the combustion chamber, as in the first combustion chamber.

Combustion in such a vortex in the combustion chamber / , 2 , J allows the fuel to be stirred and floated for a long time, so
So-called fluidized bed combustion υ, therefore NOx, S
Air pollution can be prevented by reducing the generation of Ox. The high-temperature, high-pressure combustion scum then enters the combustion gas extraction chamber j through the peripheral inclined communication hole of the partition wall /j, 2/, and is finally taken out to the outside from the combustion gas extraction pipe j2, where it is combusted. The ash is stored in a vertical passage in the dust collection chamber 3, which has a subane that is sufficiently large compared to the combustion gas extraction chamber j! It falls through O and is collected in tray j/.

It is known that when the temperature in the combustion chamber exceeds approximately 800℃, the presence of a small amount of water and oxygen (combustion air) causes a water gasification reaction according to the following reaction formula, making it easier to burn pulverized coal (0).
ing.

H, 0+ O-+ CO+H.

CO1f(,10Ox→OO* +HtO) Therefore, in this device, the inspection viewing window μ, !evening, jJ.

As shown in Fig. 6, on-off valves j♂, jri, Otsu0,
6/, a water supply pipe 1t3 connected to the tank t2 via
Au.

tj and At are connected to each combustion chamber so that a small amount of water necessary for the above-mentioned aqueous canation reaction can be supplied to each combustion chamber.

Note that an appropriate number of cylindrical combustion chambers of two or more may be provided, taking into consideration factors such as the type and particle size of the granular fuel, and the heat generated.

In summary, the combustion device according to the present invention has a cylindrical combustion chamber in which granular fuel is agitated and floated, and the inner circumferential wall of the cylindrical combustion chamber is made of a porous annular refractory, and combustion air is supplied to the annular chamber outside the refractory. In other words, the air blown into the combustion chamber through the microscopic gaps of the annular refractory wall,
In other words, it functions to prevent fuel and other foreign matter from adhering to the combustion chamber walls. Therefore, even if sticky granular fuel is used, there is no risk of foreign matter adhering to the inner wall of the combustion chamber. For example, in addition to coal powder and other pulverized solid fuels, it is also possible to use heavy oil such as C heavy oil with powders such as coal powder, quicklime, and dolomite added. Desulfurization is carried out in the combustion chamber, eliminating the need for expensive desulfurization equipment, and since solid fuel such as coal powder is used, waste oil, inferior quality oil, etc. can be used as heavy oil. Complete combustion is possible. If the extended cylindrical combustion chamber is made into a tub and a number is installed in series, and the combustion cane is taken out from the combustion gas expansion chamber at the lowest downstream, fluidized bed combustion can be continued for a long time and efficient. It is possible to accelerate combustion and extract high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas. In particular, the cylindrical combustion chamber and combustion gas extraction chamber are oriented horizontally, and the combustion gas extraction pipe facing the extraction chamber is also oriented horizontally, so it can be used in conventional oil burner boilers, dryers, etc. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the combustion device according to the present invention, and Figs. 2, 5, 4, and 5 are 7"L
L 1st IF-114! if, lll-117@, IV
- A sectional view taken along lines IV and V-■, FIG. 6 is a system connection diagram with a partially sectional perspective view showing the fuel and other supply piping system for this combustion device, and FIG. It is a cross-sectional view along the -■ line. /, 2.3... Cylindrical combustion chamber, ≠... Dust collection chamber, j...
・Combustion gas extraction chamber, z, 7... Annular refractory, g, ? . 10... Annular chamber, /J, /4', /j...
Bulkhead, /7. /Za...Shaft communication port, /9,20,2/
... Inclined communication hole 1.2μ ... Fuel supply pipe, -7 ...
・Prower, 3ri...Fuel storage hopper, 3? ...-Secondary air supply pipe, tio...Secondary air supply pipe, tC...Tertiary air supply pipe, j, 2...Combustion gas take-off pipe. 1st Flash ■]

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Form an annular chamber defined by an annular refractory having continuous fine voids on the outside of the m-shaped combustion chamber, open a fuel supply pipe into the cylindrical combustion chamber, and open the fuel supply pipe into the cylindrical combustion chamber. A fuel supply device is installed upstream to supply the granular twisted 'I#+ in an air flow, and an air supply pipe is opened in the annular chamber to supply combustion air to the cylindrical combustion chamber through the fine gaps of the annular refractory. A combustion device whose characteristic is to supply (2) A plurality of horizontal cylindrical combustion chambers are defined and connected by a partition wall with a shaft communication port, and a dust collection chamber is connected below on the downstream side of the most downstream cylindrical combustion chamber. A combustion gas intake chamber with a combustion gas outlet pipe facing inside is provided, and an annular chamber defined by an annular refractory having continuous fine voids is formed on the outside of each of the cylindrical combustion chambers. A fuel supply pipe is opened in the most upstream cylindrical combustion chamber, a fuel supply device is provided upstream of this fuel supply pipe for supplying granular fuel on an air flow, and an air supply pipe is installed in each of the annular chambers. 1
A combustion device characterized in that combustion air is supplied to each cylindrical combustion chamber through minute gaps in the annular refractory by opening each of the chambers.