JPS58175710A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make possible the preheating of granular fuel by connecting a combustion chamber with a vertical cyclotron dust collector through a preheating pipe passing a fuel blowing chamber. CONSTITUTION:A part of the upper portion of the partition wall 7 between a fuel blowing chamber 1 and a combustion chamber 2 is notched to make up a connecting port 10 between these chambers and a preheating pipe 11 is located in the axial portion of both chambers 1, 2. One end of this preheating pipe 11 opens facing the control taper portion 12 of the end wall 6 of the combustion chamber 2 while the other opens in the upper tangential direction of a cylinder 13 outside a cyclone dust collector 4 through a fuel blowing chamber 1. Thus, before combustion, combustion gas preheats granular coal fuel blown into the fuel blowing chamber 1 through a preheating pipe 11 leading to the cyclone dust collector 4 and gasifies tar component contained in fuel to modify the fuel into non-caking one, to prevent foreign matters from attaching to the combustion chamber inside wall and combustion troubles from occurring.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides heat sources for hot water supply, space heating, greenhouses, dryers, etc.
The present invention relates to a combustion device using granular solid fuel, and particularly to a combustion device suitable for burning cohesive coal-based fuel.

Due to concerns about oil supply, there are calls for a review of coal and other solid fuels, but these solid fuels must be completely combusted;
Or it is difficult to obtain high firepower with a simple device.

Among these, so-called fluidized bed combustion, in which solid fuel is granulated (pulverized) and then combusted while being agitated and floated, is attracting attention as a combustion method that solves the above problems. It has been difficult to completely carry out the above-mentioned combustion using a small-sized combustion device.

Taking advantage of this background, the present applicant has already proposed a combustion device which is a small 3-type device and is capable of burning granular fuel in an agitated floating state.

This combustion device basically creates a vortex in a horizontally oriented cylindrical combustion chamber to burn granular fuel, guides the combustion gas into a combustion gas extraction chamber, and then exits it outside through a combustion gas extraction pipe facing into the extraction chamber. It is easy to take out the fuel and allows for good combustion.

However, with this combustion device, when burning non-caking coal-based fuels such as oil coke and coal coke, there is little chance of foreign matter or scum combustion products adhering to the combustion chamber wall, but it does produce a large amount of tar. When coal-based fuel containing cohesive substances is burnt, foreign matter may adhere to and accumulate on the combustion chamber walls, causing combustion troubles such as incomplete combustion.
Otherwise, it may be necessary to carry out troublesome disassembly and cleaning. Further, in this combustion device, the content of combustion ash in the combustion gas is relatively high, and in applications where dust is averse, it is desired to remove combustion ash even more effectively.

JP-A-58-175710 (2) The present invention was made for the purpose of solving these problems and obtaining a better combustion device. We focused on two points: by doing this, the tar content contained in the carcass fuel is gasified and changed into a non-caking fuel, and the above-mentioned preheating is performed using the heat generated by combustion of the fuel. A cyclone dust collector is used to achieve more efficient dust collection in order to ensure complete combustion.

The combustion apparatus of the present invention, which was created based on such considerations, has a combustion chamber on one side of the fuel injection chamber, and a combustion gas extraction chamber equipped with an internal cyclone dust collector on the other side, and the combustion By guiding the gas to the cyclone dust collector through a preheating pipe passing through the fuel injection chamber, the granular fuel blown into the fuel injection chamber can be preheated by the preheating pipe, while the cyclone dust collector The guided combustion gas is led to the outside through the exhaust pipe of the dust collector S- which is communicated with the combustion gas extraction chamber, and the combustion gas extraction pipe opened into the combustion gas extraction chamber. There is.

The invention will now be described with reference to illustrated embodiments.

This combustion device has a fuel injection chamber l in the center and a fuel injection chamber l in the center.
It has a combustion chamber λ provided on one side (right side in Figure 1) and a combustion gas extraction chamber 3 provided on the other side (left side of the same), and a gap is maintained in the combustion gas extraction chamber 3 with the surroundings. A cyclone dust collector is installed. The above-mentioned chambers 2.2 and 2.2 each have a horizontal cylindrical shape with horizontal axes, and chamber 3 has a shape suitable for a vertical cyclone dust collector V, and has an outer shell made of a refractory material.
It is composed of one end wall 6, partition walls 7, 1, etc. ri is a circulation pipe for cooling water or cooling air embedded in the outer shell j, and ri α and yb are its inlet and outlet. - The upper part of the partition wall 7 between the fuel injection chamber l and the combustion chamber 2 is cut out to form a communication port lO between the two chambers, and a preheating pipe/ l is arranged. One end of this preheating pipe // is open facing the central tapered part /2 of the end wall 6 of the combustion chamber, and the other end passes through the fuel injection chamber / to the outside of the cyclone dust collector. It opens in the tangential direction of the upper part of the cylinder body /3.

As is well known, in the cyclone dust collector≠, the lower part of the outer cylindrical body 13 has a diameter reducing part /≠ that gradually reduces the diameter, and the dust collection chamber /j is connected to the lower part of the lower part of the outer cylindrical body 13. It is formed by arranging an exhaust pipe/6. Since the preheating pipe // is open in the tangential direction of the outer cylindrical body /3, the combustion gas blown into the cylindrical body flows into the cylindrical body 13 in a spiral shape, and the dust with heavy specific gravity moves to the outside and is mixed with gas. It separates and falls into the dust collection chamber /j below, and the clean gas is led to the shaft exhaust pipe /b. The exhaust pipe/6 communicates with the combustion gas extraction chamber 3, and a combustion gas extraction pipe 17 opens at an appropriate position in the combustion gas extraction chamber 3.

As is clear from FIG. 5, the fuel injection chamber 1 has an air supply pipe 2 extending downward in the tangential direction of the cylindrical injection chamber! However, fuel supply pipes open slightly above them. Fuel Supply-7- As shown in FIG. 5, the supply pipe 26 is sequentially connected to the fuel mixing pipe l♂ of the fuel storage hopper 27 and the blower 2P, and a drive device 30 (see FIG. 6) is installed in the fuel mixing pipe jIr. A conveyance screw 31 driven by a conveyor screw 31 is inserted, and the rotation of this screw guides the granular (powder) fuel in the Hoch 2Z into the fuel supply pipe 6. The amount of fuel supplied can be adjusted by changing the rotational speed of the conveying screw 31.
The air t can be adjusted by the opening degree of the flow rate regulating valve 3λ.

Further, air supply pipes 33, 3 are opened in the combustion chamber λ in the tangential direction of the combustion chamber, similar to the air supply pipes 33 and 3 of the fuel injection chamber. These air supply pipes, 2j,! !
, and are connected to the blower λ via on-off valves 34, 37, and 311, respectively.

Furthermore, an ignition flame introduction pipe≠l opens into the combustion chamber.

The most upstream side of this introduction pipe is connected to the blower via the on-off valve≠2.
2, and in the middle thereof, a gas cylinder hiroj is connected via an ejector≠3 and an on-off valve t≠. This ignition device mixes ignition gas and air using an ejector≠3 and ignites the mixture using a spark plug≠4.
The ignition flame is ejected from the introduction pipe 1 into the combustion chamber λ. Note that the symbols ≠7.4Zza and ≠ri are room l, respectively.
, 2°3 inspection viewing window, and jO indicates a temperature sensor installed on the 14th wall of the combustion chamber.

In this device having the above configuration, when the blower λ and the driving device 30 of the fuel storage hopper 27 are driven simultaneously, the right leg type granular fuel containing tar is blown out from the fuel supply pipe 26 into the fuel injection chamber/ It is stirred by the air flow from the supply pipe and becomes vortex-like. Air supply pipe! is fuel supply pipe 2
Since the opening is in the vicinity of the outlet 60, the granular fuel is effectively stirred and floated.

The granular fuel thus stirred and floated enters the combustion chamber λ via the upper communication port io provided in the partition wall 7, and the vortex is strengthened by the air flow from the air supply pipes 33 and 34L, causing an ignition flame. It is ignited by the ignition gas from the inlet pipe. Therefore, combustion in a fluid state is started, and the combustion gas passes through the preheating pipe 1lt and is ejected to the cyclone dust collection part 2 in the combustion gas extraction chamber 3. In the combustion chamber λ, the heavy fuel containing a large amount of unburned matter is located outside the chamber due to the centrifugal force of the vortex, and the light gas after combustion enters the preheating tube ti, ensuring more complete combustion. I can make you do it.

When the above combustion is carried out steadily, the temperature of the preheating pipe//U becomes high, and therefore the temperature of the fuel blowing chamber// becomes high as well. The present invention utilizes this heat to preheat the tar-containing cohesive coal/string granular fuel before combustion. That is, when the fuel is heated, the tar contained in the fuel is gasified, and the granular fuel, which was a caking substance, changes to a non-caking substance. Chemically, this change corresponds primarily to carbonization of coal-based fuels in the pre-combustion process. The heating temperature in the fuel injection chamber 1 varies depending on the surface area of the preheating tube, the residence time of the granular fuel, etc., but these elements are appropriately set so that the above carbonization is carried out. In particular, the length i and thickness of the preheating tube/I and the size of the communication port 10 are major factors.

10 - Therefore, the steady combustion that takes place in the combustion chamber - is carried out using granular fuel whose properties have been changed to non-caking, so there is no foreign matter on the wall surface of the chamber J, the wall surface of the preheating tube L/, etc. The possibility of adhesion and accumulation is extremely reduced.

The combustion gas that enters the cyclone dust collector≠ from the preheating pipe l/ falls into the dust collection chamber lj and is separated by the action of the swirling gas flow and the dust's own weight as described above, and then is discharged from the shaft part. cylinder 1
6 enters combustion gas extraction chamber 3, combustion gas extraction pipe/7
It is extracted as clean high-temperature gas.

The exhaust pipe 4 can be directly connected to the combustion gas discharge pipe 17 for better performance, but if the combustion gas extraction chamber 3 is provided as shown in the figure and communicated with the combustion gas extraction chamber 3, the exhaust pipe 17 can be connected to any part of the extraction chamber 3. The advantage is that it can be opened at any position.

As shown in Fig. 7, two Mahyusu Ikron dust collectors are installed at substantially symmetrical positions in a plane with respect to the preheating tube/l, and both dust collectors 44A and 4CB are supplied with combustion gas from the preheating tube 1/l. It may also be supplied. In this case, the combined exhaust pipes tAA and ttB can be opened separately into the combustion gas extraction chamber 3, or can be brought together and taken out directly to the outside. In addition, when the diameter of the outer cylindrical body /3 is D, the cyclone dust collector t can obtain a good dust collection effect if each dimension is determined as shown in FIG.

Since combustion in the combustion chamber λ takes place in a vortex, the agitation and floating state of the fuel can be maintained for a long time. Combustion in such a fluidized state is known to reduce the generation of NOx and SOx, and can therefore contribute to the prevention of air pollution.

Another advantage is that low quality coal with high ash and sulfur content can be used.

When the temperature in the combustion chamber exceeds approximately 800℃, a water gasification reaction occurs according to the following reaction equation due to the presence of a small amount of water and oxygen (combustion air), which makes it easier to burn pulverized coal and causes the wall surface of the combustion chamber to It is known that the temperature does not exceed the melting temperature of artshu.

H*O+ C+Co+Ha Co+H! +Ot→Cot+HlO Furthermore, if a small amount of water can be supplied to the fuel injection chamber l, the temperature of the wall surface of the chamber can be adjusted.

Therefore, in this device, the inspection viewing window≠7. Hiroshi Vc opening/closing lp
Water supply pipe 66, which is connected to tank j≠ via jt, z, 2'k! 6 is opened so that a small amount of water can be supplied to each chamber. In particular, the opening/closing valve 5.2 of the water supply pipe jt connected to the combustion chamber 2 is controlled by a temperature detector 60 facing the combustion chamber 2 to prevent the combustion chamber 2 from becoming abnormally high temperature. is preferable.

In addition, the inspection window≠7. It was at the ninth stop of the window that the small amount air supply pipes 40 and A/ connected to the blower λ were opened.

In summary, according to the combustion device according to the present invention, the preheating pipe that guides the combustion gas to the cyclone dust collector preheats the coal-based granular fuel that is blown into the fuel injection chamber before combustion, and removes the tar contained in the shear fuel. can be gasified to turn the fuel into a non-caking substance. Therefore, it is possible to prevent foreign matter from adhering to the inner wall of the combustion chamber, or to slow down the rate at which foreign matter is deposited.
It is possible to prevent the occurrence of combustion troubles and reduce the number of times the combustion chamber must be cleaned. In particular, according to the present invention, a special heat source is not required for preheating the fuel (caking fuel, which has been difficult to use in the past, can be combusted), so its utilization value ffi is high. Furthermore, since the present invention is designed to ultimately lead the combustion gas to a cyclone dust collector and separate the dust therefrom, it is particularly suitable for use in dryers and drying rooms where II& is not desirable. Furthermore, once the cyclone dust collector is placed in the furnace gas extraction chamber and the combustion gas from the exhaust stack is discharged into the extraction chamber, the position of the extraction pipe that opens into the mosquito extraction chamber can be freely set.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the combustion device according to the present invention, and FIGS. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a part of the fuel and other supply piping system for this combustion device, and a system connection diagram taken along the 1/4 L- line; Figure 6 is a system connection diagram taken along the ■-■ line in Figure 5. A sectional view, FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an arrangement example when two cyclone dust collectors are used, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the dimensional ratio of each part of the cyclone dust collector. l... Fuel injection chamber, K... Combustion chamber, 3... Combustion gas extraction chamber, Hiroshi... Cyclone dust collector, 7. l...
Partition wall, lO...° communication port, l/... preheating tube, lj...
・Dust collection chamber, /F...Exhaust pipe, /7...Combustion gas take-off pipe, -yo, 33,3≠...Air supply pipe, M...
Fuel supply pipe, 27...Fuel storage hopper, 3.k...Ignition flame introduction pipe. Patent Applicant Sun Energy Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Fuku 1) Nitoshi, Agent Patent Attorney Fuku 1) Ken San゛ (Aoi 1-11 ・ 1B2?ei 4th evil)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A horizontally cylindrical combustion chamber is installed on one side of the horizontally cylindrical fuel injection chamber into which coal-based granular fuel is injected, and a vertical cyclone dust collector is installed on the other side, so that the fuel injection chamber and the combustion chamber are connected to each other. 1. The combustion chamber and the vertical cyclone dust collector are communicated with each other through a preheating pipe passing through the fuel injection chamber, and A combustion device characterized in that an ignition device is provided in the combustion device, and combustion gas is taken out through the cyclone dust collector. (2) The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein two vertical cyclone dust collectors are provided at substantially symmetrical positions in a plane with respect to the preheating tube. (3) Percentage of Claims In paragraph 1 or 2, the vertical cyclone dust collector is disposed in a combustion gas extraction chamber with a combustion gas extraction pipe opened, and the shaft exhaust pipe is arranged in a combustion gas extraction chamber with an open combustion gas extraction pipe. A combustion device communicating with the combustion gas extraction chamber.