JPS583655A - Electric dust collector equipped with fluidized dust collecting layer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce reactive current as well as to increase dust collecting efficiency, in an electric dust collector consisting of a charging part, a fluidized dust collecting layer, a dust powder separating mechanism and a recirculating mechanism, by using a dielectric material such as gravel as the material of the fluidized dust collecting layer. CONSTITUTION:Succeeding to a charging part 2 having an electric discharge mechanism, a fluidized dust collecting layer 3 formed by filling a porous plate with a particulate dielectric material such as gravel is provided as well as, by a dust powder separating mechanism consisting of a damper and flow control apparatus 9, a vibration screen apparatus 10 and a dust powder conveyor 11, dust powder is separated from the particulate dielectric material discharged from the layer 3 to clean said dielectric material. In addition, the cleaned particulate dielectric material is returned to the layer 3 by a recirculating mechanism consisting of a basket conveyor 12, a dust collecting material feeder 13 and a conveyor 20.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel electrostatic precipitator consisting of a charging section and a fluidized precipitator filled with granular dielectric material.

In the conventionally used gas parallel electric precipitator (Cottret/L' type precipitator), the charging section and the dust collecting section were not separated. In fact, the charged part and the dust collecting part coexisted together in the dust collecting mechanism.

A conventional dust collector has a structure in which wide dust collecting electrode plates are arranged in parallel, and a large number of thin discharge wires are suspended in parallel between the wide dust collecting electrode plates.

Then, the dust collecting electrode is grounded and a negative high voltage is applied to the discharge line. Since the electric field is large near the discharge line, corona discharge occurs. The dust is ionized by the corona discharge, becomes negatively charged, and is attracted to the dust collecting plate of the coronal discharge, where it is resistant to adhesion.

If the applied electric field is too large, arc discharge will occur near the discharge line. When this happens, a spatial short circuit phenomenon occurs and the dust is no longer ionized.゛In this way, the voltage cannot be increased above a certain level.

However, the probability of ionization and the amount of charge when ionized are proportional to the electric field E. Further, the speed at which ionized dust is attracted to the dust collecting electrode is also proportional to the electric field E.

After all, the dust collection effect is proportional to the square of the electric field E.

However, since there is a certain upper limit to the voltage, it is not desirable to increase the electric field too much.

For this reason, conventional dust collectors had to provide a long dust collection distance. If the distance between the dust collecting plates is narrowed, the dust collecting effect will be strengthened, but since the plates with large areas are kept parallel and there is a discharge line between them, the minimum distance between the plates is 0.1.
It is about m.

Let me give you a concrete example.

In industrial gas parallel type electrostatic precipitators, the gas velocity is generally
1 y'aec or less Gas residence time: 4 to 105 ec (function of the length of the precipitator) Pole distance: 0.1 to 0.125 ffl.

It is a large-scale device that depends on the amount of gas to be processed and the efficiency of dust collection. In many cases, the length of the dust collector was required to be 7 m or more to achieve sufficient dust collection efficiency.

A two-stage electrostatic precipitator with separate charging section and dust collection section is also used. In the charging section, both poles are made of thin metal wires and cause microcorona discharge, which ionizes dust. In the dust collection section, wide positive and negative electrode plates parallel to the flow are installed alternately to collect ionized dust by drawing it in a direction perpendicular to the flow.

However, since a large number of parallel plates with wide areas are arranged and a high voltage is applied between them, the distance between the plates cannot be made very narrow. The minimum plate distance is 0.08 m. If we try to maintain a large amount of gas to be processed and high dust collection efficiency, the collection period will become longer.

In addition, power must be supplied to the dust collection chamber, and the structure is more complicated and expensive than the Cottrell type.

We carried out intensive research to find out.

In conventional dust collectors, the distance between the horizontal plates is too wide, making it difficult for dust to reach the dust collecting electrode plates. If the distance between the electrode plates is narrowed, dust should easily reach the dust collecting electrode and attach thereto. However, if a high voltage is applied, the gap cannot be reduced below a certain level.

Therefore, the present inventor created a charging chamber and a dust collection chamber that are separate, applies a high voltage to the charging chamber, but does not apply voltage to the dust collection chamber, and fills a perforated plate with a conductive material. invented an electrostatic precipitator using a

(Special Application No. 55-21898, Uta-Sho 55-71675
No.) This electrostatic precipitator has a fluidized dust collection layer at the rear stage, which is made by filling a grounded porous metal plate with a conductive material. In the charging chamber, there is a ground wire and a discharge electrode wire (
When gas containing reeds and dust passes through it, the dust becomes negatively charged.

The charged dust cannot pass through the fluidized dust collection layer and adheres to the surface of the conductive material. If dust adheres to the exhaust gas, the pressure loss of the exhaust gas will increase, so it must be separated and cleaned. The cleaned conductive material is returned to the fluidized dust collection layer and used for circulation.

Dust is removed from the gas stream by conductive materials.
It was thought that this is because there are eight effects. These are: (1) collision and inversion separation action; (2) suction action due to Coulomb force; and (8) filtration action due to the packed bed. (1) and (2) are simply mechanical dust collection effects.

However, the attraction effect due to Coulomb force is an electrostatic effect.

Charged objects are attracted to grounded conductors.

This is a well-known principle. , for example, a charged body on an infinitely wide conductor plane, with the conductor plane as a mirror surface,
The virtual image receives the same attractive force as if there were a charge of opposite polarity at the position. This is called the principle of electrical mirror image.

It does not have to be an infinite conductor; for example, suppose there is a grounded conductor ball. A charged object experiences the same Coulomb force as if it were a virtual point charge (different kind) placed inside a spherical shell.

The reason for this is that the electric field is zero inside the conductor, and therefore the potential on the conductor surface is the same, so the boundary condition of the Laplace equation is a constant value along the conductor surface (0 if it is grounded).
Potential) can be given, and the point charge originates from the fact that it is a solution to the Laplace equation.

Simply put, when a charged object approaches a conductor,
Different types of charges appear on the closer side of the conductor, and similar types of charges appear on the far side of the conductor. When a conductor is grounded, charges of the same kind escape to the ground, so only charges of different kinds remain on the conductor, and objects are attracted to them by this charge.

In this way, in order for dust to be adsorbed by electrostatic force into the fluidized dust collection layer, a conductive object must be grounded and filled into the dust collection layer.

For this reason, the invention uses small iron balls (pachinko balls). However, iron balls rust easily and cannot be used for a long time. Moreover, if used in large quantities, the cost will increase.

Next, the inventor used coke, which is a conductive material. The coke is crushed into granules of 6 to 12jEIφ,
A fluidized dust collection bed was used. 95% dust collection efficiency
It was easy to increase the level.

However, during the process of cyclical use, coke has the disadvantage that it is crushed into fine pieces or worn out, resulting in significant weight loss. For example, there is a weight loss of about 180% in one year. Therefore, new coke must be frequently replenished, resulting in high costs.

The inventor had to find a material for the fluidized dust collection layer that was cheaper and had a longer lifespan.

When we think of conductive substances, we think of metals or carbon. However, all metals are expensive. Iron (pachinko balls) is cheap, but it rusts.

Rust-resistant metals are also much more expensive than steel. All carbons have drawbacks in mechanical strength.

Therefore, the inventor gave up on the effect of electrostatic force for the time being,
They came up with the idea of using river gravel as the material for the fluidized dust collection layer.

River gravel can be easily collected from riverbeds and is inexpensive. In addition, it is resistant to mechanical shock, and even if it is used repeatedly as a dust collection material for a fluidized dust collection layer, it should hardly lose weight. It could be used repeatedly without replenishment.

Based on this idea, the inventor filled a fluidized dust collection layer with river gravel to create a two-stage electrostatic precipitator.

The structure of the charging section at the front stage is the same as the structure of the invention described above.

We obtained surprising experimental results.

Since gravel is an insulator, no Coulomb force should be generated even if the dust is ionized. Therefore, there should be no difference in the dust collection ability in the fluidized dust collection layer at the rear stage depending on whether a high voltage is applied in the charging chamber at the front stage or not. This is because the fluidized dust collection layer at the latter stage is considered to only have a filtration function and a collision/inversion separation function. It was expected that at most there would be a difference in the dust collection ability of the charging section in the front stage.

My predictions were overturned. Compared to the case where no voltage was applied to the charged part, when a high voltage was applied between the two poles of the charged part, the dust collection efficiency was dramatically increased. When no voltage was applied, the dust collection efficiency was about 80%.

When voltage was applied, the voltage rose to about 95%.

The present invention is characterized in that a derivative such as gravel is used as a fluidized dust collection layer material.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the structure, operation, and effect of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to drawings showing examples.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional plan view of the same.

This electrostatic precipitator has a dust charging part 2 inside the dust collector jacket 1.
is provided at the front, and a fluidized dust collection layer 3 is provided at the rear.

In the charging section 2, 2. Under the action of high voltage, dust is ionized.

The fluidized dust collection layer 3 has the function of collecting dust in the gas, and in this embodiment, a plurality of fluidized dust collection layers 3' 13b are arranged parallel to the gas flow.
1...3f are provided. ``The fluidized dust collection layer 3a... is partitioned by a partition plate 4.

The fluidized dust collection layers 3a, . . . are constructed by erecting perforated plates 5.5 in parallel, and filling a space formed by the wall surface and the perforated plates 5.5 with granular dielectric material. In this I1, the diameter -tJ: 5
It is filled with river gravel of 15 m to 15 m.

The charging unit 2 is suspended by a suspension device 6 from an upper box 7 into a gas flow path below it.

At the rear end of the fluidized dust collection layer 3a...
) l) l, provided with the upper end pivoted. Danno (The drive device 8 opens and closes each gas damper.

The gravel in the fluidized dust collection layer 3a is recycled and used after occasionally separating and cleaning the dust.

The lower bottom of the fluidized dust collecting layer 3a is narrowed into a funnel shape, and is provided with a damper/flow rate adjusting device 9.

A vibrating sieve 10 is generally placed under the damper/flow rate regulating device 9 to separate and remove dust from sand fil-6≧.

Directly below the vibrating sieve 10, a dust conveyor 11 is provided to transport the falling dust.

In front of the vibrating sieve 10, a packet conveyor 12 that moves vertically is installed.

When the gravel in the fluidized dust collection layer 3a, . . . collects a certain amount of dust, the damper/flow rate adjustment device 9 is opened. The gravel with dust attached falls onto the vibrating sieve 10, and the dust is separated and removed.

The dust is carried away by a dust conveyor 11. The iron mesh 1 is lifted up by the bucket conveyor 12, and the fluidized dust collecting layer 3a... is moved to the vacant fluidized dust collecting layer 3a by the upper dust collecting material feeder 13.・It is filled with.

A part of the dust in the gas adheres to the ground wire of the charging section 2 and is collected. This is collected by a dust bucket <-14 and discharged via a dust screw conveyor 15 and a dust discharge rotary valve 16.

The amount of dust trapped in the charging section 2 is small.

Now, inside the dust collection material feeder 13, there is a conveyor for transporting the dust collection material to the upper opening of the space partitioned by the perforated plate 5 of each fluidized dust collection layer 3a, 3b, . . . 3f. A conveyor 20 is provided (FIGS. 8 and 4). The scraping plates 21 attached at regular intervals on the surface of the conveyor 200 remove the dust collecting material from the emptied fluidized dust collection layer 3's.
Falling into...

The structure of the damper D will be explained in FIGS. 5 to 8.

In this example, damper D is made of a metal plate with a semicircular cross section. The upper end of the damper D is pivoted to the horizontal wall.

The damper driving device 8 has a rod end pivoted at an appropriate location below the damper D, and opens and closes the damper D.

When the damper D is closed, the semicircular surface abuts against the mechanically finished surface of the opening window 22 of the wall 23 of the dust collection chamber, blocking the fluidized dust collection layer 3 and the gas outlet.

The structure of the charging section 2 will be explained.

9 is a cross-sectional plan view of the electrode arrangement of the charging section 2, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the frame structure of the charging section 2, and FIG. 11 is an enlarged side view of the discharge wire and the ground wire. FIG. 12 is an enlarged partial front view of the discharge line. FIG. 18 is an enlarged partial side view of the discharge line.

A large number of discharge wires 27 and ground wires are stretched in the vertical direction on the discharge electrode frame 24 and the earth frame frame 25.

In this example, both are wire rods, but a wider plate material may also be used.

The discharge wire 27 is a round wire pressed at a plurality of locations, and a protrusion 30 is formed laterally at the pressed location 29. Projection 3
If the electric field is locally strong near zero, reliable corona discharge will occur.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged partial front view of the perforated plate 5. In this example, the perforated plate 5 is a metal plate in which elongated holes 31 are formed in the vertical direction. Although the elongated hole 31 is necessary as an inlet and outlet for gas, dust tends to adhere thereto. The advantage of vertically long elongated holes is that when the granular dust-collecting material is dropped downward, the dust adhering to the elongated holes can be scraped off.

Next, we will discuss the effect.

Gas containing dust is introduced into the charging section 2 from the inlet of the electrostatic precipitator.

Since a negative high voltage is applied between the ground wire 28 and the discharge wire 2T, the dust is ionized and negatively charged by corona discharge.

A very small portion of the dust adheres to the ground wire 28.

The remaining dust is collected together with the gas in the fluidized dust collection layer 3"s...3
Enter f. As the gas passes through the gaps in the filled gravel, the dust is attracted to, collides with, and adheres to the gravel.

The gas from which dust has been removed is passed through the open window 2 of the gas damper D.
It escapes from 2 to the gas outlet.

As the dust adheres, the pressure drop increases, so with this fluidized dust collection layer 3eL%..., the gas damper D is closed and the damper/flow rate adjustment device 9 is opened to cause the gravel to vibrate downward. Drop onto sieve 10. At this time, the dust is scattered again, but since the gas damper of the fluidized dust collection layer is closed, the dust does not leak out to the gas outlet.

The gravel that has been cleaned from dust is transported to packet elevator 1.
2. Dust collection material $1i) Feeder 13, Conveyor 20
Afterwards, it is returned to the original fluidized dust collection layer.

Such dust collection and dust removal processes are repeated separately for each fluidized dust collection layer. Therefore, there is no need to stop the operation of the electrostatic precipitator as a whole.

As for the structure of the fluidized dust collection layer, other than this, for example, the structure shown in FIG. 15 is also possible.

The perforated plate 5 is formed by horizontally long inclined plates 32 arranged in parallel in a continuous manner in the vertical direction and fixed at both ends to side plates 33. The mutual gaps are arranged so as to open obliquely upward from the inside of the dust collecting layer to the outside.

Such a fluidized dust collection layer 3.3 has the following characteristics with respect to the gas flow direction:
There are two installed in diagonally symmetrical positions. Gas damper D is
When cleaning the gravel in any of the fluidized dust collection layers, the communication between the dust collection layer and the gas outlet is cut off to prevent dust from scattering again.

In addition, the structure of the fluidized dust collection layer 3 is as shown in FIG.
They may be provided in two stages, front and rear.

Gravel can be cleaned separately from the front fluidized dust collection layer 3e and the rear fluidized dust collection layer 3r. The perforated plate 5' is the same as the previous example, and has a large number of horizontally long inclined plates 32 arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.

Such an electrostatic precipitator can also be used to remove hydrogen chloride from gas. 7. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 17, a reactant blowing section 34 is provided in front of the charging section 2. From here, NaOH, Ca
(OH) or Mg(OH)2o aqueous solution is sprinkled into the scum. Alternatively, it is also good to spray CIL(OH)2, CaCO3 powder.

In this way, when a Ca-based, Na-based, or Mg-based alkaline liquid or powder is dispersed in a gas, these reactants contact and react with hydrogen chloride gas while suspended. And CaCl2
, resulting in NaC-containing MgCl2 powder.

This is a dry salt-1-arsenic removal method, but in the case of the present invention, the gas and reactant pass through narrow gaps in a fluidized dust collection layer such as gravel, so the probability of reaction between the reactant and gas is low. significantly larger.

Furthermore, it is even more effective to fill the fluidized dust collection bed with the reactant in advance.

The powder after the reaction adheres to the surface of the gravel and is removed.

Use of such a reactant is effective in removing sulfur oxide SOx as well as hydrogen chloride.

The effects of the present invention will be described.

(1) High dust collection efficiency, achieving a dust collection efficiency of approximately 95%. This is because the dust is charged by the discharge mechanism and then passed through the fluidized dust collection layer.

Ru. In the conventional dust collector, when the gas velocity is set to 0.7 to 1.41-1, the length of the dust collection chamber is required to be about 7 m. In the case of the present invention, the length of the charging chamber may be 1 to 2 m.

(8) A granular inductor is used as a dust collection material, which can be obtained from gravel, rock, minerals, glass, etc. at an extremely low cost. For example, gravel can be easily collected from rivers and is inexpensive.

(4) Granular derivatives do not rust unlike metals. Doesn't reduce weight like coke. Therefore, it can be used repeatedly and needs to be replaced for a long time. In this example, the gravel was used for 3 to 5 hours.
Although the drug was cycled once every hour, no weight loss was observed in several months of testing.

(5) Compared to conventional electrostatic precipitators, electricity consumption can be significantly reduced.

Conventional electrostatic precipitators have large and long electrode plates. Moreover,
Since dust was collected directly on the ground plate, the current value was high and electricity costs were high.

The discharge mechanism of the present invention only needs to charge the dust, and there is no need to collect it by suction to the electrode plate.

Furthermore, since the length of the charging section is short, less current is required.

As an electrostatic precipitator with an actual processing gas amount of 41,500 Nm8A, the conventional one consumed a discharge power of 5 B, g KWH, but the precipitator of the present invention only requires a discharge power of 24.6 KWH. Electricity costs are less than half.

(6) Low pressure loss in gas flow. Therefore, the load applied to the blower (not shown) is small, which is advantageous.

A filtration type dust collector using sand grains with a diameter of 5 or less as a furnace material is known. These filters do not have a charged part and do not ionize the dust, but instead filter and collect the dust by passing it through fine sand grains. This filter type dust collector has a pressure drop of 200111
) reaches about 120.

The electrostatic precipitator of the present application is efficient because it collects charged dust with gravel or the like. Pressure loss is only about 20 to 80 tm H20.

When the amount of gas to be processed is large, the blower that accelerates the gas becomes large and the power consumption also increases. If the pressure drop required to pass through the dust collector is about one-tenth, the load on the blower will be significantly reduced.

As mentioned above, we are responsible for the excellent effects.

Further, in the second invention of the present application, the hydrogen chloride reactant is blown into the gas in front of the charging section. Furthermore, it is preferable to fill the fluidized dust collection bed with a reactant. The effects of hydrogen chloride (HCl) and sulfur oxide (SO) treatment according to the present invention will be described.

(7) HCI treatment effect (a) When slaked lime is allowed to float clearly in front of the charged part and the fluidized dust collection layer is filled with slaked lime.

(Floating back reaction in gas + dust collection layer contact reaction) Table 1 K HCI (7) Inlet concentration 1 (ppm)
, outlet concentration 0 (p'pm), efficiency E (%), amount of lime input to the front/direction of the charging chamber (g/1a8), and amount of O lime charged to the fluidized dust bed 1 (Kg). show.

The wind speed is O6 chome V-.

Table 1 ICI treatment effect The removal efficiency of hydrogen chloride reaches about 9096.

(b) When slaked lime is suspended in the charged 10m direction and the fluidized dust collection layer is insufficiently filled with slaked lime.

(Suspended reaction in gas and insufficient contact reaction in dust collection layer) Experimental examples are shown in Table 2.

The wind speed was 0.7 V-.

Table 8 HC1 treatment effect The removal efficiency of hydrogen chloride is about 70 to 8096.

(c) In the case of oxygen with slaked lime suspended in front of the charged part,
(Only for reactions suspended in gas) Table 8 shows experimental examples. Wind speed is 9.7V-0 Table 8 H
When the C1 treatment effect is low, the removal efficiency of JKIII chloride is approximately 60-70%.
That's about it.

In this way, the tIIi invention of the present application can remove hydrogen chloride contained in the exhaust gas stop with high efficiency. Compared to the conventional dry method (*Teihyo is* >, the most efficient method is the flit gravel method), in which the gas passes between the dust collection materials.
In this case, the lIc1 molecule collides with slaked lime particles etc. with a high probability.

&A, 5Oxj&Field effect back layer filled with slaked lime 1-I! fJOxo inlet concentration J during coughing.

114111 received the ridge data regarding the number outlet concentration O1 divided by *efficiency, the amount of lime input to the charged layer, and the amount of lime filling 1 to the 'IIIWk dust collection layer.

Table 4 go, m ■ Effect In this way, SOx in the gas can also be removed with an efficiency of 60 to 80%.

As described above, this is an extremely useful invention.

Finally, the above effect (1) will be explained in more detail.

Japanese Patent Application No. 5G-2TS9S and Japanese Patent Application No. 71675-1987 filed by the present inventor have structures similar to the present invention.

It had a charging section in the front stage and a dust collection layer in the rear stage. In these prior inventions, the dust collection layer was filled with good electrical conductors such as small iron balls and coke, and the dust collection layer was grounded.

Therefore, it is easy to understand the phenomenon in which negatively charged dust is attracted to an iron ball or the like by electrostatic force.

In this application, an insulator is used. Is there an electrostatic force between the dust and gravel? Or in the case of the claimed invention,
Does the fluidized dust collection bed only have a filtration effect? Therefore, in the present invention, when electricity is applied to the charging chamber (
(approximately 80 KV), and performed the dust collection test shown on the left without electricity and compared it.

Table 6 shows the case when electricity is applied, and ■ is the amount of inlet dust (g7
Htm8), Ord exit 1st) Quantity (&'ll"i"
)・Δp is the pressure drop (wt H2O), and the blade is the efficiency (%). Q is the load factor (%), and the gas flow rate is the standard value (in this electrostatic precipitator, the flow rate when passing through the charging part is 'Q, 7 rn7'
aec).

Table 5 When electricity is applied As shown in Table 5, even if the gas flow rate is high or the amount of dust at the inlet is large, the amount of dust at #1 is the same, and Q,
Q@g/1lsa° or less. And the dust collection efficiency is 9! It is about I%. As the load factor, ie, the gas flow rate increases, the pressure drop increases, but the dust collection efficiency does not decrease.

Table 6 Table 6 shows the filtration effect and dust collection effect when no electricity is applied. The efficiency is about 80%, which is about 1 stiip lower than when electricity is applied.

What does this roof come from? Of course, the fact that dust is resistant to adhesion to the Arne wire in the charging section is extremely small and does not cause such a significant difference.

Furthermore, we will compare the O efficiency when coke is used as the dust collection material and when gravel is used as the dust collection material.

Table 7 shows the material of the fluidized dust collection layer: coke (layer thickness: O
In the case of gravel (layer thickness 40 O 1 l), the koji rate is 0 when charged, and the efficiency is 2 when uncharged, indicating a seven-point curse.

x#i, ors shielding degree is o in the fluidized dust collection layer, szen/S・C1
■ is the case of..., 46/1..., mki..., 6/hata... (1) As shown by the results in Table T, the approximate effect of applying electricity is the case of coke). This is even more noticeable on gravel.

Table 7 Comparison of coke and gravel This is a strange phenomenon.

Dry gravel has an electrical resistivity of 1 to the 11B-14th power. It is an insulator.

Check the temperature at the entrance! 66-800℃, 200℃ at outlet
To some extent, there is no possibility that the gravel contained water and became conductive.

The inventor of the present invention thought as follows.

Since the charging section is short, most of the charged dust enters the fluidized dust collection layer. Also, positively ionized gas molecules
It should directly enter the fluidized dust collection bed.

In the charging section, almost no charge neutralization occurs due to the action with the electrode or due to molecule-dust collision, which is a major difference from conventional electrostatic precipitators.

Eight types of collisions are possible inside the fluidized dust collection bed.

(Mu) X-body molecule (positive) and dust collection material (B) Dust (member) and dust collection material (C) Gas molecules (positive) and dust (negative) There is a $ style.

The probability of collision is proportional to the product of the object's cross-sectional area and its concentration in space.

The actual area ratio of O gravel in the fluidized dust collection layer is approximately 66%, and the cross-sectional area is 4.
Compared to dust and gas molecules, dust collection materials are orders of magnitude larger.

Then, collisions between M and A occur, but collisions between C almost never occur. C collisions are the recombination of positive and negative charges and are ineffective.

Also, since the gas molecules are thermally moving at extremely high speeds with respect to the dust particles, the probability of a collision occurring in the atomic bomb should be much higher than in a collision in the particle 8.

In the end, the collision M >> II >> c It happens in this order.

When non-ionized molecules collide with gravel, they are simply bounced back.

However, when ionized gas molecules approach gravel, since gravel has a dielectric constant of 9 to 11, the one closest to the ultimate, KjL,
A positive charge is induced in the far direction. The higher the dielectric constant, the greater the amount of induction. When the gas molecules collide with the gravel, the negative charges are neutralized by the positive charges on the gas molecules and disappear.

This leaves a positive charge on the gravel that is equal to the charge originally held by the gas molecules.

When the gas molecules collide () back, a positive charge accumulates on the gravel. Since it is an insulator, positive charges do not escape to the ground, which is an advantage.

Because gravel is positively charged, it strongly attracts negatively charged dust.

In this way, in the present invention, dust is collected by charging the dust collection material in the fluidized dust collection layer.

If the material is a good conductor such as iron or coke, the positive charge will escape to the ground and will not remain. Dust is attracted only by the electrostatic mirror image force, so the attraction is weak. Reactive current is 4IP
- That's why.

Since the present invention uses an insulator with a high dielectric constant O, reactive current is small and dust collection efficiency is high.

The present inventor considers the above point 5.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

111il is a vertical cross-sectional view of an electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the same. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of the dust collection material feeder. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the dust collection material Aider. jIsrta is a cross-sectional plan view of the fluidized dust collection layer and Dapa near IIO. Figure @ is the original drawing of the damper. FIG. 1 is a side view of the damper in an open state. FIG. 8 is a side view of the damper in an open state. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional plan view of the charging section. A first OIll is a perspective view of a charging section. Figure 11 is an enlarged side view of the discharge wire and ground wire. Figure 1g is an enlarged front view of only the powered wires. No. 1811 is an enlarged partial side view of only the discharge line. FIG. 14 is a partial front view of the perforated plate. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer according to another embodiment K. FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of a two-stage fluidized dust collection layer, front and rear. FIG. 17 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer according to the embodiment of 2t)@Ming. 2-Charging section 3.3 "s 3 bs"' Fluidized dust collection layer 4 - Partition plate 5 - Perforated plate 8 Damper drive device 9 Damper and flow rate adjustment device 10 - Vibrating sieve device 11 ...Dust conveyor 12...Packet conveyor 11-Dust collection material feeder 20 =-Transport conveyor 22-Opening window 24.25-Plate frame 21-Discharge wire 2$-・Ground wire 31-・Long hole 32- 11 Swash plate 34 - Reactant injection part D...Danba Inventor Hori 1) Takashi Hiroyobe Suenobu Patent applicant Kokuma Research Institute Co., Ltd. i9 [D 11 Figure 10
Figure 12 Figure 14 Figure 16 Figure 3e3

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A charging section having a discharge mechanism, and a charging section installed following the charging section,
4. A fluidized dust collection layer formed by filling a granular dielectric material into a perforated plate, a dust separation mechanism that separates and cleans dust from the granular dielectric material discharged from the fluidized dust collection layer, and a cleaned granular dielectric material. An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collecting layer, characterized by a circulation mechanism that returns dust to the fluidized dust collecting layer. (2) An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer according to claim (1), wherein the granular dielectric has a diameter of 2ff to 30n. (8) An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer according to claim (2), wherein the granular dielectric material is gravel with a diameter of 5 ff to 15 ff. (4) A plurality of fluidized dust collecting layers are provided in parallel with the gas flow and partitioned from each other, each of which is provided with a gas damper at each gas outlet. Electric precipitator. (5) An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collecting layer according to claim (1), wherein the fluidized dust collecting layer is provided in two stages, front and rear, perpendicular to the gas flow direction. (6) An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collecting layer according to claim (1), wherein two fluidized dust collecting beds are provided at diagonally symmetrical positions with respect to the gas flow direction. (7) An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer according to claim (1), wherein the perforated plate is a metal plate in which a large number of long farts are perforated in the vertical direction. (8) The perforated plate is composed of a large number of inclined plates arranged parallel to each other in a continuous manner in the vertical direction so that the gaps between them open diagonally upward from the inside to the outside. 1) An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer as described in item 1). (9) The discharge mechanism is a patent in which a ground frame frame in which a large number of round wire ground electrodes are arranged vertically, and a discharge frame in which a large number of discharge wires with many protrusions are arranged vertically are arranged in parallel. An electrostatic precipitator comprising a fluidized dust collection layer according to claim (1). (10) A reactant injection section that injects a reactant capable of reacting with hydrogen chloride, a charging section that is provided following the reaction agent injection section and has a discharge mechanism, and a porous plate that is provided following the charging section. A fluidized dust collection layer filled with granular dielectric material, a dust separation mechanism that separates and cleans dust from the granular dielectric material discharged from the fluidized dust collection layer, and a fluidized dust collection layer that cleans the cleaned granular dielectric material. An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer characterized by a circulation mechanism for returning the dust to the air. (u) K Reactive agent NaDH1Ca (OR) M
An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer according to claim (1o), which is a g(OR)2o water 2' solution. (12) Reactant force Ca (OH) 2 or a cos (D
l) An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer as described in claim (1o). (1B) An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collection layer according to claim (10), wherein the granular dielectric material is gravel with a diameter of 5H to 15M. (14) An electrostatic precipitator equipped with a fluidized dust collecting bed according to claim (1o), wherein a reactant capable of reacting with hydrogen chloride is added to the fluidized dust collecting bed.