JPS583620A - Filter apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention has a plurality of filtration chambers having filter bodies, and these filtration chambers are connected to one common raw gas pipe and a pressureless dust collection container on the raw gas side. On the clean gas side, it opens into a common clean gas collecting line and can receive pressure from individual blow-back lines to purify the filter body.Filtration for hot raw gas containing dust. Regarding equipment.

With this advanced fa filtration device, the hot dust-containing raw gas produced in high-temperature processing is cleaned without prior cooling. On the one hand, this means that the raw gas can further be used as a hot process gas, which is important, for example, in the gasification of coal or oil.

On the other hand, 1. By filtering at a high temperature, the dew point of the raw gas is not lowered, so soot does not adhere to pipes and valves.

In filtration devices of the type mentioned at the outset, the cleaning of the filter bodies of the individual filtration chambers is carried out at successive intervals with blow-back gas, the filtration operation of the filtration device as a whole being not interrupted, but only the filtration Only the filter body of the chamber receives pressure from the blowback line.

Known filtration devices of the type mentioned at the outset can only be used in the case of unpressurized raw gas. Since the raw gas always occurs in all filter chambers and therefore also in the filter chambers where the filter bodies must be purified, no blowback gas can act if the raw gas is under positive pressure. This is because there is.

The object of the present invention is to propose the above-mentioned divine filtration device in which high-temperature raw gas under pressure can be filtered without reducing the pressure in advance and the filter body can be effectively purified. That's true.

According to the present invention, this problem can be solved by creating a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure (positive pressure) in the raw gas pipeline, and by providing a new dust blocking mechanism between each filtration chamber and the dust collection container. A raw gas shutoff mechanism is provided between the raw gas pipe line, and the raw gas shutoff mechanism attached to this filtration chamber is closed to purify the filter body in the filtration chamber, and the dust shutoff mechanism attached to this filtration chamber is closed. A new mechanism is opened, which is solved in that the clean gas collecting line is a blow-back line for this filter chamber.

It is therefore possible to pass the hot raw gas under positive pressure directly, ie without a previous pressure drop and temperature drop. In this case the raw gas temperature can reach up to 1000'C. The pressure of the raw gas is 2 to 3 bar, for example 2.5 bar. A high degree of separation can be obtained with the filtration device.

By filtering the hot gas under positive pressure, a greater amount of raw gas is passed through the filter chamber in a unit time than in the case of pressureless filtration for standard conditions. Therefore, the filtration device can be constructed smaller than in the case of pressureless filtration. Comparative calculations have shown that the filtration device according to the invention can be 5 to 6 times smaller than a comparable filtration device for pressureless filtration.

Furthermore, the present invention allows effective regeneration of the filter body,
This regeneration is important at high degrees of separation and therefore when large amounts of dust are generated on the filter body. Purification of the filter body in the filter chamber takes place by blowing back gas not against the positive pressure of the raw gas, but against a pressureless dust collection container. Therefore, in principle, the clean gas itself, which is under the positive pressure of raw gas, can be used as blowback gas. Moreover, this means that the amount of gas that serves to regenerate the filter element has approximately the same temperature as the raw gas that is to be cleaned, so that no temperature changes occur in the filter body and that no condensation occurs in the filter body and lines. It also has the advantage of not attracting soot.

There is no need to additionally heat the blowback gas.

To clean the filter body of the filter chamber, the filtration operation of the filtration device is not interrupted as a whole. Purification of the individual filter chambers takes place at successive intervals.

If the blowback is not carried out by the clean gas itself, the present invention provides an alternative configuration in which a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure (positive pressure) is created in the raw gas line and a cell is created between each filter chamber and the dust collection container. A new dust barrier mechanism is installed, a new raw gas barrier mechanism is installed between each filtration chamber and the raw gas pipeline, and a new clean gas barrier mechanism is installed between each filtration chamber and the clean gas collecting pipeline. A pressure vessel is provided which is connected to the raw gas line for heat exchange, and which is connectable to each filtration chamber via a blowback mechanism and to the ambient air via a valve. This is possible, and is characterized in that when the raw gas shutoff mechanism and clean gas shutoff mechanism are closed and the dust shutoff mechanism and blowback shutoff mechanism of the filtration chamber are opened, the filtration chamber receives pressure from the pressure vessel. In this embodiment of the invention, a certain volume of ambient air from the raw gas line is heated in the pressure vessel, so that the pressure in this pressure vessel is increased;
Suitable for purifying filter bodies. When opening the new blow-back mechanism and the new dust removal mechanism and when closing the fresh gas exchange mechanism and the clean gas exchange mechanism, the pressure is removed from the pressure vessel through the filtration chamber and the filter body in this filtration chamber is purified. do. Additional ambient air can be introduced by opening the valve, which is then heated again.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the clean gas collecting line is connected to the pressure vessel. In this case, this connection can be made for the connection of the pressure vessel and the surrounding vessel or instead of this connection.

It is advantageous to connect the clean gas collecting line to the pressure vessel. This is because it allows the blowback flow to be adapted. This adaptation does not take place if there is no blowback flow from the pipe piece of the filter chamber which is connected to the clean gas collecting line and leads off the clean gas.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

The filtration device has a raw gas line l, which opens into a distributor 2 with a dust preseparator 3. A plurality of 12-chambers 4 are arranged annularly around the distributor 2 (see FIG. 2). A dust collection container 5 is provided below the dust preliminary separator 3.

The filtration chamber 4 is constructed as shown in FIG. A filter cartridge 7 is provided on the perforated plate 6. On the raw gas side, the filter chamber 4 has an inlet tube 8 and a dust outlet 9.

On the clean gas side, the filtration chamber 4 is provided with an outlet tube 1o and a blow-back tube 11.

The inlet tube 8 of the overflow chamber 4 is connected to the distributor 2 via a raw gas exchange mechanism 12. Outlet pipe piece 10 of filtration chamber 4
are connected to one common clean gas collecting pipe 14 via a clean gas shutoff mechanism 13. The dust outlet 9 is connected to the dust collection container 5 via a dust isolation mechanism 15.

A dust preliminary separator 3 is further connected to the dust collection container 5 via another isolation mechanism 16. The dust collection container 5 has a central dust evacuation device 17. This dust collection container is pipe 18
and can be depressurized via valve 19.

The blow-back pipe piece 11 of the filtration chamber 4 is connected via a blow-back insulating mechanism 20 to a pressure vessel 21 which extends around the raw gas line 1 and which The outer wall of the gas pipe line 1 forms the inner wall of the pressure vessel 21, so that it is connected to the raw gas pipe line 1 so as to conduct heat.

The pressure vessel 21 is connected to the clean gas collection line 14 via a valve 22 and a line 23. Furthermore, a vacuum valve 24 is connected to the pressure vessel 21, and this vacuum valve opens to the outside via an opening 25.

The operation of the above-described filtration device is approximately as follows.

A dust-containing raw gas at a temperature of approximately 1'OOOoC is supplied to the raw gas line 1. The raw gas is subjected to a pressure of 2.5 bar, which is high for such filtration devices. The heavy dust particles fall into the dust pre-separator 3. Raw gas is supplied to the filtration chamber 4 via the raw gas shutoff mechanism 12 which is open. Dust is deposited on the filter body 7. Via the open clean gas shutoff mechanism 13, the cleaned gas enters the clean gas collecting line 14. The path of this gas is shown in the drawing by a solid arrow.

Since the raw gas is under relatively high pressure, a large dust content is expected per unit volume of raw gas, and this dust content is deposited on the filter body 7.

In order to purify the filter body 7 of the filtration chamber 4, the raw gas exchange mechanism 12 of the filtration chamber 4 and the clean gas exchange mechanism 13 are connected. The new dust removal mechanism 15 and the new blowback mechanism 20 of this aiA overchamber 4 are opened. new mechanism 16
and 17 are closed.

By opening the shutoff mechanism 19, the dust collection container 5 becomes pressureless. The pressure vessel 21 is connected to the clean gas collecting line 14 via the open valve 22 . Therefore, the blowback flow from the clean gas collecting pipe 14 flows through the pressure vessel 21 and through the filter body 7, so that mH falls into the unpressurized space on the raw gas side of the filtration chamber 4 and the dust outlet 9 and enters the dust collection container 5. Thereafter, the shutoff mechanisms 15 and 20 of the purified filtration chamber 4 are closed again, and the shutoff mechanisms 12 and 13 of this filter chamber 4 are opened. The filtration chamber 4 then operates again in filtration mode. Subsequent filter chambers 4 can then be cleaned, the cleaning of these filter chambers 4 being carried out one after the other at fixed but adjustable time intervals or depending on the differential pressure occurring across the filter body 7. This pressure difference increases as the amount of dust increases. Filtration chamber 4
Since the filtration operation of the other filtration chambers 4 is continued during the purification of the filter body 7, the purification as a whole does not mean interruption of the filtration operation.

The dust collected in the dust pre-separator 3 is forced into the dust collection container 5 by opening the refresh mechanism 16 at specific time intervals. By opening the shutoff mechanisms 16 and 17 and closing the shutoff mechanism 19, the dust collection container 5 can be left under raw gas pressure.

In FIG. 1, the flow direction during purification of the filtration chamber is indicated by a dashed line.

In the above-mentioned purification process of the filter body 7 of the filtration chamber 4, purification is performed by the clean gas itself from which dust is removed. The clean gas has almost the same pressure as the raw gas, and the raw gas side space of the filtration chamber 4 is provided without pressure for purifying the filter body 7, so that the dM slag can be effectively peeled off. It is done. Since the humidity of the clean gas is approximately as high as the temperature of the raw gas, condensation and soot build-up in the lines and filter bodies are avoided. Additional reheating of the clean gas in the blowback stream takes place in the pressure vessel 21.

This is not necessary, but advantageous.

The opening cross-sectional area of the blowback barrier mechanism 20 is smaller than the opening cross-sectional area of the clean gas barrier mechanism 13. Therefore, the flow rate of the blowback flow is higher than the flow rate of the clean gas flow, so that the filter slag can be easily blown back.

In accordance with a simplified embodiment, the clean gas itself is filtered through the filter body 7.
When used for blowing off filter slag, the clean gas exchange mechanism 13 and the additional connection of the clean gas collecting line 14 via the line 23, the pressure vessel 21 and the blow-back exchange mechanism 20 are provided. is omitted. In that case, the blowback flow flows directly out of the clean gas collecting line 14 of the filter chamber 4 to be purified, the raw gas freshening mechanism 12 of this filter chamber 4 is closed and the dust freshening mechanism 15 of this filter chamber is closed. is open.

If blowing back is performed exclusively or selectively with outside air instead of clean gas for reasons of operation or safety regulations, a pressure vessel 21 is installed and a new mechanism 20 for blowing back is used.
It is necessary to connect this pressure vessel to each filtration chamber 4 via. Valve 22 is now closed. Purification of one of the filter chambers 4 takes place in that the air entering the pressure vessel 21 through the vacuum valve 24 at 0.degree. C. is heated in the pressure vessel 21 and the pressure of the air is increased. When one of the blowback mechanisms 20 is opened with the dust barrier mechanism 15 open and the raw gas barrier mechanism 12 and the clean gas barrier mechanism 13 closed, the pressure generated in the pressure vessel 21 As the tIIi slag is peeled off, the pressure inside the pressure vessel 21 decreases, and fresh air is sucked in from the surroundings via the vacuum valve 24. Since the sucked outside air is heated again, new pressure is obtained for the next purification of the filter body 7 in the filter chamber 4.

There are many alternative configurations within the scope of the invention. Therefore, for example, instead of providing the filter chambers 4 in an annular shape, these filter chambers can also be provided in parallel or in series.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a filtration device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the filtration device, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a filtration chamber of the filtration device. 1... Raw gas pipe line, 4... Filtration chamber, 5... Dust collection container, 7... Upper filter body, '! 2... New raw gas barrier mechanism, 13... New clean gas barrier mechanism, 14... Clean gas collection pipe, 15... New dust barrier mechanism, 20... New blowback mechanism, 21 ...Pressure vessel, 24...Valve patent applicant Dipuyeloop xaJ Akchengesellschaft (17) Engraving of drawings (no change in content) Procedural amendment (method) July 12, 1980 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Mr. Kazuo Wakasugi 1, Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 100816 2, Name of the invention filtration device 3, Person making the amendment 4, Agent 6 Contents of the amendment (as attached) \\.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of six filtration chambers each having a filter body, these filtration chambers are connected to one common raw gas pipe line and a pressureless dust collection container on the raw gas side, and the clean gas In a filtration device for hot raw gas containing dust, which opens into a common clean gas collecting line on the side and can receive pressure from individual blow-back lines for cleaning the filter bodies, Raw gas pipeline (
1) A pressure (positive pressure) higher than atmospheric pressure is generated inside the chamber, and a new dust barrier mechanism (15) is created between each filtration chamber (4) and the dust collection container (5).
) is provided, a raw gas shutoff mechanism (12) is provided between each filtration chamber (4) and the raw gas pipe (1), and a raw gas shutoff mechanism (12) is provided between each filtration chamber (4) and the raw gas pipe line (1).
), the raw gas shutoff mechanism (12) attached to this filtration chamber is closed, and the dust shutoff mechanism (15) attached to this filtration chamber is opened, in order to purify the filter body (7) of A filtration device characterized in that the gas collecting pipe (14) is a blow-back pipe for this filtration chamber (4).2 Between each filtration chamber (4) and the clean gas collecting pipe (14) A clean gas shutoff mechanism (13) is attached, a pressure vessel (21) is connected to this clean gas collection pipe (14), and this pressure vessel is blown back to each filtration chamber (20) via a new mechanism (20). 4) and is connected to the filter body (7) of the filtration chamber (4).
), a clean gas shutoff mechanism (13) attached to this filtration chamber is closed, and a blowback shutoff mechanism (20) attached to this filtration chamber is opened. The filtration device according to item 1. 3. It has a plurality of filtration chambers each having a filter body, and these filtration chambers are connected to one common raw gas pipe and an unpressurized dust collection container on the raw gas side, and one common filtration chamber on the clean gas side. Clean gas collection - In a filtration system for hot raw gas containing dust, which opens into the pipe and can receive pressure from individual blow-back pipes to clean the filter body, the raw gas pipe (1) A pressure higher than atmospheric pressure (positive pressure) is generated in the dust chamber (4) and the dust collection container (5).
) is provided, a raw gas shutoff mechanism (12) is provided between each filtration chamber (4) and the raw gas pipe line (1), and each filtration chamber (
A clean gas isolation mechanism (13) is installed between the clean gas collecting pipe (14) and the raw gas pipe (1), and a pressure vessel (21) is connected to the raw gas pipe (1) for heat exchange. The pressure vessel is connected to each filtration chamber (4) via a blowback mechanism (20) and to the surrounding air via a valve (24), and the pressure vessel is connected to a raw gas barrier mechanism (20) and to the surrounding air via a valve (24). (
12) and clean gas barrier mechanism (13) are closed, and the dust barrier mechanism (I5) and blowback barrier mechanism (20) of the filtration chamber (4) are closed, and this filtration chamber is replaced by the pressure vessel (21).
) A filtration device characterized by receiving pressure from. 4. The filtration device according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressure vessel (21) surrounds the raw gas pipe (1). 5. Filtration device according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the positive pressure is between 2 and 3 bar. 6. One of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the free cross-sectional area of the new blow-back mechanism (20) is smaller than the free cross-sectional area of the clean gas barrier mechanism (13).
The filtration device described in . Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the 7i1i overchamber (4) is provided in an annular manner around the distributor (2) connected to the raw gas pipe (]). The filtration device described in one of them. 8. Claim 3, characterized in that the dust collection container (5) can be attached without pressure via the valve (19).
The filtration device according to any one of items 7 to 7. 9. Make sure that the raw gas line (1) ends in a dust pre-separator (3) and that this dust pre-separator (3) is connected to the dust collection container (5) via the isolation mechanism (16). A filtration device according to one of claims 3 to 8.