JPS583472B2 - Automatic casting line using coated molds - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to casting, and more particularly to an automatic casting line using coated molds.

In fact, coated molds are generally known which are used to produce high quality castings of flake graphite cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron, carbon steel and alloy steel, etc. and of all shapes.

The size of the manufactured castings ranges from several tens of millimeters to more than one meter, and the weight ranges from several hundred grams to more than 300 kilograms.

It is advantageous to use coated molds to produce products such as:

This product includes crankshafts for automobile and tractor engines, frame frames for electric motors, lubricant boxes used in railway vehicles, hydraulic control valves with flow paths formed during casting, sprockets driven by tractors, and other items. Many similar parts.

An example is an automatic casting line that uses coated molds with coatings known to those skilled in the art (E.G. Nicko
l ayenko +”Coated Metal
Mold(:asting”s Foundry P
ractice magazine, 1969, /%1
reference).

This automatic line connects individual units arranged in series according to a casting flowchart.

The units are interconnected by a conveyor in the form of a roller table, which also serves as a storage area during operation.

The unit for applying the coating material to the working surface of each part of the mold and condensing it on this surface contains a four-station redirection fan, and two stations on diametrically opposite sides of this blower The upper part of the is mounted, and
The lower part of the mold is placed on the remaining two stations.

The unit also incorporates a manipulator for removing uncoated mold parts from the roller table and transporting them to the mold coating station.

Furthermore, a manipulator is arranged diametrically opposite the aforementioned manipulator for removing the coated part of the mold from the rotating equipment and placing it on a roller table with the working surface facing upward.

The coating material is applied first to the upper and then to the lower part of the mold, and these coated parts are placed in the same order on a roller table.

Control of the quality of the coating is provided by the operator as the coated portion of the mold is moved along the roller table.

If necessary, the core is set into the mold section that is transported to the mold assembly unit.

This assembly unit incorporates an assembly mechanism and a support structure.

In the assembly unit, the upper part of the mold is lifted and gripped by a fixed clamp, and when leaving the lifting device this upper part is tilted with its use surface downwards.

The lower part of the mold is lifted by the same lifting device that will come into contact with this lower part.

The upper part of the mold is released from the clamp and the assembled mold is lowered onto the roller table.

This roller table transports the mold to the molten metal casting unit.

The casting unit is constructed in the form of a roller table fitted with a driven support suitable for placing the mold in a position for casting the bath metal into the mold in a conventional manner. ing.

Thereafter, the mold is transported to a unit that solidifies the metal cast in the mold.

The unit for solidifying the metal cast in the mold is essentially a roller table, whose length and conveying speed are such that the metal cast in the mold solidifies during the movement of the mold along this roller table. This provides sufficient time for the liquid to solidify.

The mold with the casting solidified and cooled to a temperature at which it can be removed from the mold is transported to a mold disassembly and casting removal unit.

The dismantling unit consists of a mold dismantling mechanism and a mechanism for ejecting the casting from the mold, which mechanisms are arranged at related gaps along the roller table.

The dismantling unit is operated to lift the mold from the roller table while the upper portion of the mold is gripped by a fixed clamp.

A special device extrudes the casting from the lower part of the mold, which is placed on a roller table by means of a lifting device and conveyed by this roller table to a casting removal mechanism.

As this is happening, the upper part of the mold is repeatedly pulled with its working surface up, and the lifting device moves upwards into contact with the upper part released from the clamp. .

This upper part is then lowered by the lifting device onto a roller table and is conveyed from each part of the mold to a unit for cleaning used coating molds.

A casting removal mechanism is operated to lift the lower part of the mold containing the casting from the roller table, and this lower part is then clamped and repeatedly pulled with the working surface facing down. It will be done.

Special equipment forces the casting into a receiver.

The lower part of the mold is pulled in the opposite direction repeatedly and placed on a roller table when released from the clamp.

Thereafter, the lower part of the mold is also conveyed from each part of the mold to a unit for cleaning the used coating mold.

The cleaning unit described above comprises a roller table equipped with a chamber and a rotating scratch brush for applying a blast of compressed air to the working surface of the mold part.

Additionally, the cleaned portion of the mold is transported to a unit that stabilizes the temperature of the cleaned portion prior to the repaint mold cycle.

This stabilizing unit comprises a sealed housing mounted on a roller table and a nozzle for cooling parts of the mold with an air/water mixture.

Each part of the mold, which has been cooled to a specified temperature (the mold is heated by the molten metal poured into it), is repeatedly pulled by a roller table so that this part of the mold faces toward its use surface or downward. The said mold is conveyed to the apparatus and then placed at that station where the uncoated part of the mold is placed on the rotating equipment of the unit for applying the coating material to the working surface of the mold and condensing on that surface. Each part is transported.

Furthermore, the automatic coating mold unit is equipped with a furnace suitable for preheating each part of the mold before it is used and located outside the casting process line.

Each part of the mold, which has been preheated in a furnace outside the process line, is conveyed by a roller table to the roller table of a mold part cleaning unit.

Before operating the automatic casting line mentioned above, the mold parts are heated one by one (this operation is labor-intensive and time-consuming), otherwise, before the automatic line is stopped, the coating material or the mold The process begins with the casting process.

(a) to heat the coated part of the mold to the working temperature with molten metal; (b) to progressively increase the time the casting is held in the mold; and (c) to reduce the temperature of the mold. The rapid fixation of the coating applied to the surface of the mold part is insufficient, and the number of casting cycles required to slow down the coating process is explained above. This reduces production efficiency both at the beginning and end of the casting process.

Note that the number of casting cycles also depends on the capacity of the mold.

When small castings are desired, the amount of heat from the molten metal poured into the mold is insufficient to ensure heating of the parts of the mold.

If molten metal were fed at regular intervals or intermittently, as is often the case in steel making, the temperature parameters of the assembled mold would be perturbed.

The mold cavities will differ in size or from each other depending on the casting, if the mold temperatures before the molten metal is poured are different, and if the cooling conditions of the mold are different as well. This would result in different textures and mechanical characteristics of the castings.

However, this is unacceptable.

This is because many components, such as automotive engine camshafts in which cams and eccentrics are incorporated, must have precise specified hardness properties that are significantly superior to the hardness characteristics found in other cast components. .

It is therefore an object of the present invention to produce high-quality castings in molds coated with a coating material that have exactly the same defined shape, metallographic structure, and physical and mechanical properties of the metal. The goal is to ensure that

Another object of the invention is to provide automatic casting using molds coated with a coating material, which makes it possible to maintain the temperature of the parts of the mold and the assembled temperature at a specified temperature throughout the casting process. is to provide a line.

These and other objects and features of the present invention are achieved by providing an automatic casting line as follows.

In other words, this automatic casting line consists of units (a) to (g) that are arranged in series according to the casting flowchart and are interconnected by conveyor means: (D) a unit for assembling the coated parts of the mold into a complete mold; (c) a unit for casting molten metal into the assembled mold; d) a unit for solidifying the casting inside the mold; (e) a unit for dismantling the mold and taking out the casting from the mold; (f) a unit for cleaning the used coating from each part of the cold mold; as well as,
(g) In an automatic casting line using a coated mold comprising: a unit for stabilizing the temperature of parts of the mold that have been cleaned prior to a recoating cycle; , a mold assembly unit (b) and a unit for casting molten metal into the assembled mold (c)
heating means suitable for maintaining the required temperature of said assembled mold are arranged along a section of the conveyor means intermediate between said casting unit (c) and said mold. Along the section of the conveyor means located intermediate to the mold disassembly unit (e) heating means are arranged, which are used when said automatic line is shut down as a whole, and which are used for discharging the conveyor means from one of said sections to the other. An automatic casting line using coated molds, characterized in that said sections are interconnected by additional conveyor means suitable for conveying said assembled molds to.

The automatic casting line according to the invention into molds coated with coating material makes it possible to:

(1) maintain the temperature of each part of the mold and the assembled mold at a specified temperature throughout the casting process; (2) maintain stable physical and mechanical properties, specified metallographic structure, and the required (3) obtaining high-quality castings having exactly the same shape as the shape; (4) to prevent defects in the castings produced or losses in efficiency after the automatic line returns to operation at the end of a long idle period; (5) ) the effective use of automatic lines under operating conditions that require intermittent pouring of the molten metal into the mold, such as in steelmaking; and (6) increasing the length of automatic lines. Provide storage for molds that are assembled without any problems.

Preferably, each heating means is constructed in the form of a furnace with conveyor means passing through each heating means in a corresponding operating zone.

The length of the furnace should correspond to the length of the conveyor means passing through it.

In addition to the above-mentioned advantages, the equipment of the above-mentioned construction makes it possible to control harmful fumes and emitted heat, improving the working environment.

between the inlet of the heating means in the area delivering the molten metal into the assembled mold for casting this mold and the outlet of the heating means in the area solidifying the casting inside the mold; Preferably, additional conveyor means are arranged.

It is also preferred that the aforementioned additional conveyor means is made in the form of a reversible conveyor with conveying devices arranged at both ends thereof.

Such a structural arrangement of the additional conveyor means makes it possible to store the assembled molds without having to convey them to the conveyor of the casting unit, which considerably increases the productivity of the automatic line.

The aforementioned conveying device comprises a table comprising a reversible drive for the vertical movement of the table itself, and a reversible drive mounted on this table and intended for horizontally conveying the assembled molds. It is preferable that the roller conveyor is constructed in the form of a roller conveyor.

Such a structural arrangement of the conveying device simplifies its construction and facilitates its operation.

The invention will be described by means of preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, and in particular to FIG. 1, there is shown an automatic casting line using a metal mold which essentially comprises separate process units.

It should be noted that each of the process units is suitable for completing a defined operating cycle of the manufacturing process.

These individual process units are interconnected by conveyor means.

In the automatic line construction of the invention, conveyor means as described above are used as storage for separate parts of molds or for assembled molds.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention described herein, the conveyor means is constructed in the form of a conventional friction driven roller table and is suitable to function as a storage.

Furthermore, since the roller table can be easily operated continuously without requiring periodic on/off control commands, automatic line operation can be easily controlled.

The conveyor means in the form of a friction driven roller conveyor of the embodiments described above does not preclude the application of other conventional conveyor means such as trolley type conveyors, gravity roller conveyors and the like.

The automatic line of the present invention has the following units (a) to (g) arranged continuously in the direction of the manufacturing process: (a) Coating material is applied to the surface of each part of the mold and condensed on this surface. Unit 1, (B) Unit 2 assembling a mold from each part of the mold coated with coating, (C) Unit 3 casting molten metal into the assembled mold, (d) Inside the mold. a unit 4 for solidifying the casting; (e) a unit 5 for dismantling the mold and taking out the casting from the mold; b) a unit 6 for cleaning the used coating from each part of the mold; ) a unit 7 for stabilizing the temperature of parts of the mold that have been cleaned prior to the recoating cycle.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the unit 1 for applying mold coating material to the working surface of each part of the mold and condensing on this surface comprises an upper part 9 and a lower part 10 of the mold by a continuous reciprocating sanding machine. (shuttlesand-slinging
machine) or blower
g machine ) 1 1 .

There are also four pattern plates mounted on a lifting table of known construction and heated, namely two pattern plates for the upper part of the mold and two pattern plates for the lower part (these are not shown). This sand feeding machine has the following features:

The sand dosing machine 11 includes sand dosing heads 12, 1 for applying a coating material (for example, a coating material prepared with a thermosetting sand resin mixture) to the working surface of each part of the mold.
3, 14 and 15.

The sand dosing heads 12, 13, 14 and 15 are equipped with adjustable nozzles and are made to a known design (cf. P.L. Snezhnoi and o
thers, ″Techno Iogiche-ski
e Qsnovy y compleks-naye
mecha-nizatsija protsessa
poluchenijaotlivok iz c
hernyeh splavov vobli-ts
Ovanych Kokiliach”s Proc
es sFundamentals and Comp
Rehensive Mechanization o
f Coated Metal Mold Cas
ting, “Liteinoe Proizvo-d
stvo magazine, 1973, All
) o The coating material is made of sand feeding heads 13 arranged diagonally.
and 14 simultaneously apply to the upper part 9 and the lower part 10 of the mold.

delivering from the conveyor the uncoated mold parts 9 and 10 for the coating carried out by the sanding heads 12 and 15 or 13 and 14;
Unloading the coated portion of the mold placed on the conveyor 16 is accomplished by a two station suspended carriage (not shown).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the unit 1 includes a conveyor 16 for unloading the coated mold parts from the sanding machine 11 and a conveyor 16 for unloading the coated mold parts 9 and 10 with the working surface facing upwards. It is also equipped with a manipulator 17 suitable for repeated operations.

The manipulator 17 is of a known design widely used for tilting molds and parts thereof in automated molding and casting units (Foundry Tra
de Journal, 1972) No.2
900).

If necessary, the unit 1 for applying the molding material may incorporate suitable means 18 for ensuring the setting of the molding material.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the means 18 are furnaces for the additional heating of the coating mold, essentially a through furnace with a conveyor.

Depending on the process required to carry out the setting of the coating applied to the working surface of each part of the mold, the aforementioned means 18 may take on a wide variety of other embodiments.

Other structural changes may be made in the mold coating unit 1 as determined by the casting process.

For example, the unit 1 can be made in the form of a multi-station turntable, mounted with one sand injection head and equipped with manipulators for handling each part of the mold.

Note that this manipulator places the uncoated part of the mold on the aforementioned turntable and removes the coated part from there.

Coating mold unit 1 includes mold assembly unit 2 and conveyor 1
connected by 9.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the assembly unit 2
(b) includes a manipulator 20 that repeatedly pulls the upper part of the mold so that its use surface faces downward; and (mouth) a manipulator 21 that assembles the mold from each part of the mold.

Note that the structure of the manipulator 20 is similar to that of the manipulator 17.
The structure is similar to that of .

These manipulators are also commonly known and widely used in foundry operations.

The assembly unit 2 may be of various other structural configurations, for example fixedly mounted above a conveyor and repeatedly pulled over the upper part of the mold with the joint surface facing downwards. A combination of a suitable pulling and repeating device and a device for lifting the mold may also be provided.

The assembly unit 2 is connected to the casting unit 3 by a conveyor 22.

A heating means 23 is mounted on the conveyor 22 to maintain the temperature of the assembled mold prior to pouring the molten metal.

The heating means 23 are basically a furnace 24 with a conveyor 22
(FIG. 2), a conveyor 22 is suitable for advancing within this furnace and moving the assembled molds 25 from the assembly unit 2 to the casting unit 3.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the furnace shell 26 surrounds the conveyor and is provided with a branch pipe 27 for connection to the ventilation system.

The furnace shell 26 is mounted on a support 28 of the conveyor 22,
The mold 25 assembled on the rollers 29 of the conveyor 22 is then moved within the furnace 24 .

The temperature within the furnace 24 is maintained equal to the mold temperature after the coating is applied and cured by conventional heating equipment (not shown).

Roller 2) to avoid heating of hall bearings
Nine supports 30 are arranged outside the furnace 24 .

The length of this heating means is selected such that more than half of the assembled molds used simultaneously during this process are located within the heating means.

The length of the conveyor 22 corresponds to the length of the heating means 23, in other words it is slightly longer than the length of the heating means 23, which makes it easier to place an additional mold moving device on the conveyor 22. enable.

The casting unit 3 (Fig. 1) includes a transport device (tran
sfer device) 3 1 s 3 2 and a conveyor 33 carrying the assembled mold into which molten metal is poured.

The casting process is performed by conventional methods.

Delivery of assembled molds to conveyor 33 and delivery of cast molds from conveyor 33 are performed by conveying devices 31 and 32, respectively.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the conveying device is constructed in the form of a conventional lifting table with a power-driven roller conveyor.

However, other conventional conveying means may be used, such as lifts and pushers.

A conveying device 32 interconnects the casting unit 3 and the casting solidification unit 4.

In a preferred embodiment the unit 4 is a reversible conveyor 3
4 and heating means 35, which are of similar construction to the construction of conveyor 22 and heating means 23, respectively.

The time for moving the mold filled with molten metal along the conveyor 34 is equal to the solidification time of the casting.

It is desirable that the speed of movement of conveyor 34 be adjusted to vary the solidification time of castings produced in the automated line of the present invention.

The lengths of heating means 35 and conveyor 34 are selected for the same reasons as for heating means 23 and conveyor 22.

Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the total length of heating means 23 and 35 is such that all of the assembled molds can be placed within these heating means.

This allows the temperature of the mold to be maintained at the required temperature during the idle period and also eliminates the possibility of reduced efficiency and poor casting quality from subsequent operation of the automatic line. .

The heating means 35 is operated intermittently.

Under normal operating conditions of the automatic line, this heating means acts as a cover for the cast mold used to control harmful vapors and emitted heat, thereby considerably improving the sanitary conditions of the work. .

Even if the automatic line is stopped, the heating system remains in operation and the heating means 35 functions to maintain the temperature of the molds that are not filled with molten metal.

Then, the aforementioned uncast mold is transported from the assembly unit 2 into the heating means 35 by the transport devices 31 and 32 and the conveyors 33 and 34.

The conveyor 34 is a mold disassembly and casting removal unit 5
It is connected with.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dismantling unit 5 comprises devices (ch) to (l) arranged successively as follows: a manipulator 36 for cleaning, (l) a manipulator 37 for repeatedly pulling the lower part of the mold so that the surface to be used faces downward; (l) a conveyor 38; (l) A manipulator 3 that takes out the casting from the lower part of the mold and cleans the overcharge hole in the lower part.
Consists of 9.

Manipulators 36 and 39 are of conventional design widely used in automatic casting lines.

In a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned manipulator comprises:
Basically, it is a lifting machine with hooks that carry the lower and upper parts of the mold and a set of fixed bars that clean the overcharge holes in these mold parts.

The dismantling unit 5 may also be of other embodiments.

A conveyor 38 interconnects the demolition unit 5 with the unit 6.

Note that this unit 6 is a unit that cleans each part of the mold and the used coating mold.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the unit 6 comprises a repeating manipulator 40 for pulling each part of the mold downward from the working surface, a conveyor 41, and a device for cleaning the used coating form from this mold part. It consists of 42.

The device 42 incorporates a conventional mechanism widely used in automatic casting lines using coated molds, which mechanism is intended to break the coat along the mating surface and then Remove the mold by blowing it out with compressed air.

In a preferred embodiment, the mold-breaking operation is carried out in a dust and air tight enclosure with a view to improving the working environment.

Conveyor 41 connects cleaning unit 6 to unit 1, which stabilizes the temperature of the cleaned area of the mold prior to the recoat mold cycle.
It is tied with

In a preferred embodiment, the unit 7 includes (w) a conveyor 43 carrying a cooling chamber for cooling each part of the mold to the temperature required for carrying out the mold application; Manipulator 4 that repeatedly pulls downward
5, and (a)) Conveyor 4 that conveys each part of the mold
It incorporates 6.

Note that the structure of the manipulator 45 is similar to that of the manipulator 17.

Cooling chamber 44 is of conventional construction commonly used to cool molds.

Nozzles are then provided for supplying a coolant, such as a water-air mixture, to be poured onto the working surface of each part of the mold being conveyed by the conveyor 43.

Also, if the capacity of the mold is quite small, the mold part cannot be sufficiently heated by the molten metal poured into the mold.
In that case, the cooling chamber 44 may be replaced with heating means for the mold part.

Devices that combine heating or cooling of the mold parts can likewise be used depending on the requirements of the manufacturing process.

Conveyor 46, intermediate conveyor 49, and conveyor devices 47, 4
8, unit 7 and unit 1 are interconnected.

The conveying devices 41 and 48 are of conventional design, and in a preferred embodiment of the invention this conveying device is constructed in the form of a lifting table with powered table rollers or otherwise known. It may also be a structural aspect.

The area of the conveyor 22 (FIGS. 1 and 3) suitable for delivering the assembled mold to the casting unit is located on the conveyor 34, which conveys the cast mold from the casting unit 3 to the dismantling unit 5. It is connected to the area by additional conveyor means 50.

This additional conveyor means 50 is intended to transport the assembled molds from one area to another.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additional conveyor means 50 comprises a reversible conveyor 51 and conveying devices 52 and 53 arranged on either side of this conveyor.

The conveyor 52 is attached to the conveyor 22 between the assembly unit 2 and the heating means 23, and the conveyor 53 is attached to the conveyor 34 between the heating means 35 and the disassembly unit 5.

The provision of additional conveyor means 50 allows the heating means 35 of the casting solidification unit 4 to be used as a storage for coated and assembled molds.

This is because, at the beginning of the operation, the aforementioned molds are conveyed to the conveyor 22 and delivered to the casting unit 3.

Using the heating means 35 as a reservoir for coated and assembled molds makes it possible to reduce the length of the reservoir by half, thus reducing the overall length of the automatic casting line.

In addition, the provision of a reversible conveyor 51 makes it possible to considerably increase the production rate of the automatic line of the invention.

If possible, the reversible principle of the conveyor described above allows the assembled molds (both coated and uncoated molds) to be loaded into the heating means 35 without passing through the casting unit 3. This is because it is possible.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transport devices 52 and 53 (FIGS. 3 and 4) are provided with a table 5 with a motor.
4, which enables the table to move up and down in the vertical direction.

This engine basically consists of a frame 56 (Figures 3 and 4).
Fig. 4) is a power cylinder 55 (Fig. 4) attached to the engine.

The table 54 is moved along a guide 51 (FIG. 4) and is attached to a support 58 or frame 56 of this guide.

Strictly speaking, the frame 56 of the conveying device 52 is mounted on the support 28 (FIG. 3) of the conveyor 22,
Moreover, it is installed on the frame 56 of the conveying device 53 or the support body 59 of the conveyor 34.

Driven reversible roller conveyors 60 and 61 (FIG. 4) are mounted on table 54.

The roller conveyor 60 carries a reversible engine 62, for example a hydraulic engine or an electric motor.

This motor provides rotary motion to roller 65 via gear train 63 and 64 and also to roller 70 of roller conveyor 61 via connecting rod 66, clutch 67 and gears 68 and 69.

A pusher member or stop 71 is additionally mounted on the conveyor 22 as shown in FIG.

Although the invention has been described in terms of a preferred embodiment, numerous alternative embodiments may be formed in the automatic casting line illustrated in the drawings and described herein without departing from the invention as set out in the dependent claims. You may.

The exemplary embodiments described herein demonstrate that the automated line conveyor means and independent units are simple in construction, with mold parts moving along automated line trajectories and assembled molds. It is preferable to ensure that

The automatic casting line of the invention is characterized in that heating means are arranged on the conveyor located intermediate between the assembly unit and the casting unit on the one hand and the casting unit and the dismantling unit on the other hand, as well as the additional conveyor means. It is more convenient than prior art units because of its provision.

The automatic casting line of the present invention operates as follows.

During operation of the automatic line, the entire set of assembled molds 25 is placed in the heating means 23 and 35 (FIG. 1).

The assembled molds in the heating means 35 of the solidification unit 4 are heated to a temperature slightly higher than that required for the mold coating operation and are conveyed to the dismantling unit 5 by the conveyor 34.

Note that this heating is performed to compensate for unavoidable heat loss due to the cargo.

Further, the mold in the heating means 23 is conveyed by the conveyor 22, the conveyor 31, the conveyor 33, and the conveyor 32, and is placed at the current empty spot on the conveyor 34.

The conveying device 53 of the additional conveyor means 50 remains in its initial (low) position in which it does not interfere with the movement of the assembled molds along the conveyor 34.

The manipulator 36 of the dismantling unit 5 serves to remove the upper part from the lower part of the mold, and the lower part remains on the conveyor 34 and is sent to the manipulator 37.

The manipulator 31 turns this lower part over so that the use surface faces downward, and this lower part, which is then fed to the manipulator 39, is lifted by the manipulator 39 from the conveyor 38.

After the lower part of the mold mentioned above has been lifted up, the upper part of the mold is lowered by the manipulator 36 onto the conveyor 38 and is moved one after another by the manipulator 31 without tipping.
and pass through 39.

At this time, the manipulator 39 operates to maintain the lower part of the mold in the suspended position.

After the upper part of the mold has passed through the manipulator 39, this manipulator 39 serves to lower the lower part of the mold onto the conveyor 38.

Therefore, the mold parts move through the rest of the process in precise order.

That is, the lower part of the mold follows the upper part.

The individual parts of the mold are conveyed by the conveyor 38 of the cleaning unit 6 to the manipulator 40, where they are repeatedly pulled with the working side facing upwards, after which these parts are transferred to the conveyor 41 of the cleaning unit 6 and the mold. It is delivered by the conveyor 43 of the mold temperature stabilization unit 7 to the manipulator 45, where it is repeatedly pulled so that the use side faces downward.

As soon as the individual parts of the mold pass through the device 42 of the cleaning unit 6, this device 42 is stopped so that the mold parts can pass through the device unhindered.

Furthermore, during the movement of the mold parts through the cooling chamber 44 of the unit 1, the coolant supply system to the working surfaces of the mold parts is stopped.

Once each part of the mold comes out of the manipulator 45, it is conveyed to a conveyor 47 by a conveyor 46.

This transport device 47 serves to lift the mold parts one after another from the conveyor 46 of the unit 7 and to place these parts onto an intermediate conveyor 49.

The mold part is taken out from the conveyor 49 by the transport device 48 and placed on the conveyor 8 of the mold coating unit 1.

After the mold parts placed on the conveyor 8 have been preheated to the specified temperature, operation of the automatic line is started under stable operating conditions.

The automatic line according to the invention operates as follows under stable operating conditions.

A set of upper part 9 and lower part 10 of the mold is conveyed by conveyor 8 to sanding machine 11 with its working surface facing down.

The mold parts 9 and 10 are placed in opposite positions to sand dosing heads 12 and 15, respectively, by means of a two-station type driven suspended carriage part (not shown) of this sand dosing machine.

At that time, each part of said mold is preheated to operating temperature and lifted so that the patterns placed in these stations are associated with the corresponding parts of the mold, through the nozzles of the sand injection heads 12 and 15 (Fig. (not shown).

Thereafter, finishing sand is blown into the space defined by the pattern and the working surface of the mold.

The pattern remains in contact with the corresponding portion of the mold for the time required for the applied mold coating to fully solidify or for the time required before the mold may be moved.

During the operations described above, the next set of mold parts 9 and 10
is delivered to the second station of the movable table portion of the sand projector 11.

After the coating material applied to each part 9 and 10 of the mold has hardened, the pattern placed below the sand injection heads 12 and 15 is lowered, and the coated part of the mold is moved by the movable stage. The sand is transported to an intermediate station of the sand feeding machine 11.

The uncoated mold parts 9 and 10 at the second station of the carriage are conveyed to the sanding heads 13 and 14, respectively, and undergo a mold coating operation similar to that described above.

The coated molds 9 and 10 are delivered to the conveyor 16 at the same time as another set of uncoated mold parts 9 and 10 are sent for coating.

The coated mold part is conveyed by a conveyor 16 to a manipulator 17 where it is repeatedly pulled upwards from the working surface.

Thereafter, the mold parts are successively delivered into the heater 18 and then onto the conveyor 19.

In order to increase the production speed of the process, the heater 18 is connected to the machine 11.
The intention is to further condense the unfinished coating mold inside.

The quality of the coating mold is checked on the conveyor 19, and
If necessary, a core is set when the coated mold part is delivered to the manipulator 20 of the assembly unit 2.

The manipulator 20 is activated to repeatedly pull the upper parts of the mold with their working surfaces facing downwards, and these upper parts are conveyed to the manipulator 21 and lifted by this manipulator 21 above the conveyor 22.

The lower part of the mold passes through the manipulator 20 without repeated pulling and is then conveyed to the manipulator 21 by a conveyor 22.

The upper part of the mold is now placed on top of the lower part.

In this way, the mold is assembled from the coated mold parts.

The assembled mold is transferred to the heating means 2 by a conveyor 22.
3 and then to the conveying device 31 of the casting unit 3.

During periods when the assembled mold is continuously moving or stationary, during periods of storage of this mold, or during idle periods when the supply of molten metal has ended, there is no heat in the heating means 23. The temperature of the mold is always within the specified range.

The conveying device 52 of the additional conveyor means 50 is in its initial (low) position and therefore does not impede the movement of the assembled molds along the conveyor 22.

The conveyor 31 transports the assembled mold 25 onto a conveyor 33.
On this conveyor 33, the molten metal is cast into the assembled mold in a conventional manner.

The casting operation is performed either while the conveyor is moving or during periods of rest, depending on the process requirements.

The cast mold is transported by a transport device 33 onto a conveyor 34 of the casting solidification unit 4 .

The cast mold is moved along conveyor 34 through heating means 35 for the time necessary for the casting to solidify inside the mold.

By adjusting the speed of movement of conveyor 34, the solidification time of the casting can be varied.

Under normal operating conditions of the automatic line, heating means 35
The heating device is not activated, in which case the heating means serves as an insulating and ventilated enclosure for the cast mold, thereby improving the working environment in the foundry.

The mold 25 containing the solidified casting is conveyed by a conveyor 34 to the mold disassembly and casting removal unit 5 .

Because the conveyor device 53 is in its initial (low) position, it does not interfere with the movement of the cast molds along the conveyor 34.

If the idle time of the casting unit 3 is long, the assembled molds are collected in the heating means 23 until it is full.

If the casting unit 3 remains inactive, the conveyor 2 is removed from the assembled mold or the heating means 23.
2. The metal is transported to the heating means 35 by the conveyor 31, conveyor 33, conveyor 32, and conveyor 34 without being filled with molten metal.

The heating means 35 are energized such that the temperature maintained in the heating means 35 is equal to the temperature within the heating stage 23.

In this case the heating means 35 serve as a storage for the assembled mold.

When the casting unit 3 is put into operation, the assembled mold is conveyed from the heating stage 23 for casting, which is carried out in a manner similar to the casting described above.

The molds in the heating stage 35 and not yet filled with molten metal are conveyed by additional conveyor means 50 to the conveyor 22 and further through the heating means 23 to the casting unit 3.

After the heating stage 35 is free of unfilled molds, energy to the heating device of the heating stage 35 is turned off.

The conveyor means 50 is operated as follows (FIGS. 3 and 4).

The assembled mold is transferred to the conveyor 5 by the conveyor 34.
3.

A table 54 of this transport device 53 is lifted by a cylinder 55.

The assembled mold 25 is transferred to the roller 29 of the conveyor 34.
and placed on rollers 65 and 10 of roller conveyors 60 and 61.

By applying energy to the rotary motor 62, the rollers 65 and 10 are rotated by the gear trains 63, 64 and 68, 69.
The mold 25 is rotated by the shaft 66 and the clutch 6γ, thereby conveying the mold 25 onto the conveyor 51.

When the energy to the rotary motor 62 of the transport device 53 is turned off, the table 54 of this device is lowered by the cylinder 55 to receive the next mold 25 above the device.

The assembled mold 25 is conveyed on the conveyor 51 by the conveyor 5
It is transported until it hits the No. 2 nut topper 11, and then lifted by the table 54 of this transport device 52.

The mold 25 is placed on the rollers 65 and 10 of the conveyor W52.

Transport devices 52 and 53 operate in the same way.

A stop member (not shown) acts to prevent the mold from being conveyed from the conveyor 51 to the conveying device 52.
The mold 25 is lowered together with the mold 25, and the mold 25 is conveyed to the conveyor 22.
is further conveyed to the casting unit 3 by the heating means 23.

The table of the transport device 52 is raised and the stop is opened to receive the approaching mold 25.

The cast mold delivered to the dismantling unit 5 is first sent to the manipulator 36.

The upper part of the mold is lifted from the lower part by means of the clamping means of the manipulator 36.

The overcharge hole in the upper part of the mold is simultaneously cleaned by the fixed rod and the casting is sent to the manipulator 3γ to be extruded from the lower part of the mold, where the lower part has its working surface The casting falls from this lower part by repeated pulling downwards.

In the manipulator 39, the lower part of the mold is lifted, while the overcharge holes in this part are simultaneously cleaned.

Subsequent operations are similar to those described during the initial stages of operation.

The mold part, followed by the upper part and the lower part, is conveyed from the mold by means of a conveyor 38 to the manipulator 40 of the unit 6 for cleaning the used coating mold.

The mold part is repeatedly pulled by the manipulator 40 so that its usable side faces upward and is conveyed to the device 42 by the conveyor 41.

In this device 42, the coating mold is destroyed along its joint surface by a roller-like crushing member.

The mold is then broken down and ejected with a cracked coating or with a blast of compressed air.

Providing a dustproof and soundproof enclosure will ensure a normal working environment within the cleaning area.

After the cleaning operation is completed, the parts of the mold are conveyed by a conveyor 43 to a cooling chamber 44 of unit γ, which stabilizes the temperature of the cleaned mold parts prior to the recoating cycle.

In the cooling chamber 44, the mold part is cooled by a spray nozzle to the temperature required for the next application.

The sequence of conveying the cleaned and preheated mold parts to the conveyor 8 of the mold coating unit 1 is similar to that described in connection with the initial stage of automatic line operation.

When the automatic line is shut down for long periods (eg weekends), the heating means 23 and 35 are energized to maintain the required temperature of the molds.

The assembled molds, with or without the mold coating applied, are conveyed to the heating stages 23 and 35 as described above.

Incidentally, in the case of a mold that has not been coated, the mold portion passes through the sand charging rock 11 without being sent to the stations of the sand charging heads 12 and 15.

As long as the heating means 23 and 35 can accommodate all the molds on the automatic line, all of these molds can be maintained at the temperature required for process operation.

Since the additional conveyor means 50 and the conveyor 34 are reversible, the charging of the assembled molds into the heating means 35 takes place bypassing the casting unit 3.

In this case, the assembled molds are transported by the conveyor 22 to the transport means 52 and then by means of the transport means 52, the conveyor 51 and the transport device 53 to the conveyor 34, which is designed to be reversible.

Transport devices 52 and 53 operate as described above, with device 5
When 2 is in its initial position, this device 52 is lowered and the device 53 is raised.

The assembled and coated mold is heated by heating means 23 and 3
5, the first operation is casting.

In this case, during the operation process of the automatic line, the assembled mold is heated by the heating means 2 while the casting unit 3 is not operating.
3 and 35, the operating steps proceed in the same way as described for the cases collected in 3 and 35.

If the heating means 23 and 35 are used to store uncoated and assembled molds, the automatic line is operated according to the initial operating conditions described hereinabove.

Therefore, automatic casting lines using coated molds according to the invention ensure the production of high quality castings with exactly the specified external metal structure and physical and mechanical properties. do.

A very important feature of the invention is that the production of castings with the above-mentioned properties is possible under various operating conditions (e.g.
This is ensured by the automatic line of the present invention, which functions when metal casting operations in steelmaking are carried out in stages.

The present invention also provides (1) increased productivity, (2) improved work environment, (3) significantly shortened the overall length of an automated line, and (4) manufacturing, construction, and maintenance costs. enable lower costs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic casting line using a mold coated with a coating mold according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-H in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a conveyor means in the step of conveying the assembled mold to a casting unit and a unit for solidifying the cast product inside the mold in step 2; FIG. 4 is a side view (a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 1), and FIG. 4 is a side view taken along the line I of the conveying device in FIG.
It is a sectional view along V-IV. 1; A unit for applying mold coating material to the surface of each part of the mold to be used; 2; A unit for assembling the mold from the coated parts of the mold; 3; A casting unit; 4; Solidifying the casting inside the mold. Unit 5; Unit for dismantling the mold and taking out the castings; 6; Unit for cleaning the used coating mold from each part of the mold; 7; A unit for stabilizing the temperature, 22; a conveyor connecting the assembly unit with the casting unit, 23
heating means arranged along the conveyor area intermediate the assembly unit and the casting unit, 24; a furnace, 34;
a conveyor connecting the casting unit with the dismantling unit, 35;
heating means arranged along the conveyor section intermediate the casting unit and the assembly unit, 50; additional conveyor means, 51; conveyors of the additional conveyor means, 52, 53
; conveying device of the additional conveyor means, 54; conveying device table, 55; reversible drive of the conveying device table, 60.61
; Reversible roller of the conveying device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The following units (a) to (g) are arranged in series according to the casting flowchart and are interconnected by conveyor means: (a) A coating material is applied to the working surface of each part of the mold. (b) a unit for assembling the coated parts of the mold into a complete mold; (c) a unit for casting molten metal into the assembled mold; ) Unit for solidifying the casting inside the mold, (e)
A unit for disassembling a mold and increasing the number of castings from this mold; (f) A unit for cleaning the used coating from each part of the mold; and (g) A unit for cleaning the used coating from each part of the mold, and (g) Prior to the re-coating cycle of coating material. In an automatic casting line using a mold coated with a coated mold comprising a unit for stabilizing the temperature of each part of the cleaned mold, Along the area of the conveyor means located intermediate to the casting unit (c) of the molten metal into the mold, heating means suitable for maintaining the required temperature of said assembled mold are arranged; Further, heating means used when the automatic line is stopped as a whole is arranged along a section of the conveyor means located intermediate between the casting unit (c) and the pot-shaped dismantling unit (e). and the areas are interconnected by additional conveyor means suitable for conveying the assembled mold from one of the areas to the other. Automatic casting line that uses molds. 2. The automatic line according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating means consists mainly of a furnace 24 which passes through the conveyor means 22 or 34 in areas corresponding to those of the heating means 23 and 35, respectively. 3 conveyor means 2 whose length passes through the furnace 24;
Automatic line 4 according to claim 2, characterized in that the line corresponds to a length of 2 or 34, for delivering the assembled molds for casting of molten metal into the molds. Patent characterized in that said additional conveyor means 50 are arranged between the inlet of said heating means 23 in a zone and the outlet of said heating means 35 in a zone solidifying the casting inside said mold. An automatic line according to claim 1. 5. The automatic line according to claim 4, characterized in that the additional conveyor means 50 mainly includes a conveyor 51 having conveying devices 52 and 53 arranged at both ends thereof. 6. The automatic line according to claim 5, characterized in that the conveyor 51 is reversible. 7 Each of the transport devices 52 and 53 is connected to the table 5
4 and driven reversible table rollers 60 and 61. Claim 4, characterized in that the mold is mounted on a mold and is suitable for transporting the assembled mold in a horizontal direction.
Automatic line as described in section.