JPS583140B2 - Jidohensokuki - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in an automatic transmission equipped with an overdrive planetary gear unit.

Generally, automatic transmissions of this type are known, but in particular, the invention "Automatic Fluid Torque Converter" described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-24741 has attracted attention for its usefulness as a Simpson type.

However, in this Simpson type automatic transmission, as shown in FIG. While connected to the shaft OD, the turbine element T of the torque converter has a basic structure connected to the hollow turbine shaft HS into which the overdrive shaft OD is fitted. Therefore, it suffers from the following structural and operational defects. arise.

That is, (a) In order to connect the overdrive shaft OD to the output shaft, it is necessary to make the turbine shaft HS a hollow shaft and pass the overdrive shaft OD through it. (b)
As a result, it becomes difficult to install the support SS of the stator element S and the one-way clutch for the stator due to the three-axis structure. (c) When the overdrive planetary gear unit OG is arranged on the rear side of the torque converter, The inner diameter of the overdrive planetary gear unit OG becomes larger, which inevitably forces the planetary gear unit OG to be larger. Anxiety about the relationship increases.

(mouth) In the overdrive planetary gear unit OG, the ring gear U, which is the overdrive speed increasing element,
Since it is connected to the output shaft via the overdrive shaft OD, the ring gear rotation speed becomes the output shaft rotation speed, and the carrier rotation speed becomes equal to the engine rotation speed.As a result, for example, when operating in 1st gear The rotational speed of the carrier becomes higher than the overdrive shaft OD by the amount of deceleration of the hour gear, and this difference may cause the sun gear SG and overdrive brake B to idle and rotate at extremely high speeds, resulting in vibration, noise, damage, and seizure. There is great danger.

(c) During reverse, the output shaft, overdrive shaft OD, and ring gear U rotate in reverse, but this interferes with the flow of the converter that is rotating in the normal direction, causing oil disturbance within the converter and increasing loss.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and firstly, in the above-mentioned Simpson type automatic transmission, the overdrive shaft and the turbine shaft can be shared, and the turbine shaft The aim is to provide an automatic transmission that does not require a hollow shaft.

Therefore, in the present invention, in an automatic transmission equipped with an overdrive planetary gear unit, the input shaft is
A brake device is provided that is connected to the pump element of the torque converter via the planetary gear of the planetary gear unit and prevents rotation of the sun gear that meshes with the planetary gear, and the ring gear that meshes with the planetary gear is connected to the torque converter by a coupling means. A turbine clutch is connected to the turbine shaft and turns on and off the turbine element of the torque converter and the turbine shaft, and during driving except for overdrive, power reaches the torque converter via the planetary gear unit, and when overdriving, the above-mentioned brake device is activated. The input shaft is directly connected to the turbine shaft and the turbine clutch is disengaged.

Furthermore, in another invention, in order to reduce the torque capacity of the turbine clutch as much as possible, a one-way clutch is used to connect the turbine element shaft of the torque converter to the turbine element shaft during normal rotation, and only when the engine brake is applied during reverse rotation.
The purpose is to transmit the torque of the turbine shaft to the turbine element when the turbine clutch is turned on.

The arrangement of the overdrive planetary gear unit and brake in the present invention is of the Simpson type, that is,
Regarding the torque converter, it may be placed on the input shaft side, but it may also be placed on the output shaft side.In short, it may be placed between the input shaft and the pump element of the torque converter.In the second invention, the overdrive planetary gear unit It is advantageous to arrange the brake and the converter on the output shaft side.

The invention will now be described with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

In Fig. 2, 1 is an input shaft, 2 is a torque converter,
3 is a turbine shaft, 4 is an output shaft, and the overdrive planetary gear unit 5 has a carrier (planetary gear) 5a between the input shaft 1 and the pump element P of the torque converter 2 by means of a planetary gear support frame 6. supported.

7 is an overdrive brake provided for the sun gear 5b of the overdrive planetary gear unit 5.

The ring gear 5c of the overdrive planetary gear unit 5 is connected to the end of the turbine shaft 3 on the input shaft 1 side by a connecting means 8, so that the input shaft 1 is directly connected to the turbine shaft 3 during overdrive.

On the other hand, a turbine clutch 9 is interposed between the turbine element T of the torque converter 2 and the turbine shaft 3, and during operation other than overdrive, this turbine clutch 9
When turned on, torque is transmitted between the turbine element T and the turbine shaft 3.

In addition, 10 is the front clutch, 11 is the rear clutch,
12 is the second brake, 13 is the front planetary gear unit, 14 is the rear planetary gear unit, 15 is the low reverse brake, 16 is the one-way clutch for D1 speed,
These are collectively referred to as an underdrive unit, and are basically the same as the relationship between the turbine shaft 3 and the output shaft 4 in a conventionally well-known Simpson type automatic transmission, so further explanation will be omitted.

In the case of the above configuration, in the first forward speed, the second forward speed, and the forward speed D1 to D3, when the turbine clutch 9 is on, the torque of the input shaft 1 is transmitted to the carrier 5a and the planetary gear support frame 6.
, the torque is transmitted from the turbine element T to the turbine shaft 3 via the pump element P of the torque converter 2, and the torque is transmitted from the turbine shaft 3 to the output shaft 4 by each clutch 10. This is done by selecting whether the brake 11 is on or off and the brake 12 is on or off.

The on/off status of these clutches and brakes is shown below in correspondence with each shift position.

At D4 speed, that is, during overdrive, the turbine clutch 9 is turned off as shown in the table, while the overdrive brake 7 is activated, fixing the sun gear 5b of the overdrive planetary gear unit 5, thereby connecting the input shaft 1 and The turbine shaft 3 is connected to a carrier 5a and a ring gear 5c.
, are mechanically directly connected via a coupling means 8, and transmit the torque of the turbine shaft 3 to the output shaft 4 via a front clutch 10, a rear clutch 11, and a front planetary gear unit 13, thereby ensuring high output.

In addition, when moving backward, the brake 15, front clutch 10, and turbine clutch 9 are operated, and torque is transmitted from the output shaft 4 to the turbine shaft 3, and from the turbine shaft 3 to the input shaft 1 via the torque converter 2, and the engine brake is applied. Can be applied.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, an overdrive planetary gear unit 5' and an overdrive brake 7' are arranged on the rear side of the torque converter 2. A turbine clutch 9' connects the turbine element T to a connecting means 8' that connects the ring gear 5'c of the overdrive planetary gear unit 5' to the turbine shaft 3 through a one-way clutch 17 that transmits the information. I'm trying to connect them.

Therefore, torque transmission from the turbine element T to the turbine shaft 3 during normal driving is performed via the one-way clutch 17, and the turbine clutch 9' is a clutch for engine braking, is turned on only during engine braking, and is relatively small. It is responsible for transmitting torque from the turbine shaft 3 to the turbine element T during engine braking.

In other words, focusing on the difference in transmission torque during engine braking and normal driving, two transmission paths, one-way clutch 17 and clutch 9', are provided.

Since the other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same drawing numbers are given and explanations are omitted.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the engine braking turbine clutch 9' is turned on only during engine braking, and the turbine element of the torque converter 2 is not used in forward first, second, and D1 to D3 forward speeds during normal driving except for engine braking. The torque of T is transmitted to the turbine shaft 3 by the one-way clutch 17, and when in D4 speed, that is, overdrive, the input shaft 1 is mechanically directly connected to the turbine shaft 3 by the overdrive planetary gear unit 5', resulting in the desired result. Driving is performed respectively.

As described above, in the present invention, the input shaft is connected to the pump element of the torque converter via the planetary gear of the overdrive planetary gear unit, and the ring gear of the planetary gear unit is connected to the turbine shaft. Since we have provided a turbine clutch that connects and disconnects the turbine element to the turbine shaft, input can be mechanically transmitted to the output shaft by the turbine shaft even during overdrive. Since this is not necessary, the turbine shaft can have a solid shaft structure with a relatively small diameter, and the above-mentioned structural and operational problems can be solved.

In particular, when the overdrive planetary gear unit is disposed on the rear side of the torque converter, the inner diameter of the overdrive planetary gear unit can be made smaller as the turbine shaft has a smaller diameter, and the size of the overdrive planetary gear unit can inevitably be reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, since the turbine shaft can also serve as the overdrive shaft, the overdrive planetary gear unit can have a common design with the front and rear planetary gear units, and the overdrive planetary gear The unit's ring gear is connected to the turbine shaft, so it does not rotate in reverse. During fluid drive, the coupling means that connects the ring gear and Kubin shaft is the input shaft of the underdrive unit, which is different from the conventional Simpson type. Since the rotation difference corresponding to the gear ratio is omitted, the sun gear of the overdrive planetary gear unit does not rotate at a high speed, and the stator support and one-way clutch of the torque converter can be easily installed.

Furthermore, according to the second invention, since the turbine clutch only needs to be operated during engine braking, the torque capacity of the turbine clutch can be made relatively small.
The turbine clutch can be made smaller, and during the transition period, torque is temporarily transmitted only by the one-web clutch that is parallel to the turbine clutch, making gear change control easier and improving driving feeling. can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing the main parts of a conventional Simpson type automatic transmission, Fig. 2 is a power skeleton diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. It is a power skeleton diagram shown. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Input shaft, 2... Torque converter, 3... Turbine shaft, 4... Output shaft, 5, 5'... Planetary gear unit support frame for overdrive, 7... Brake for overdrive, 8... ...Connecting means, 9, 9'... Turbine clutch, 17... One-way clutch for turbine.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In an automatic transmission equipped with an overdrive planetary gear unit, an input shaft is connected to a pump element of a torque converter via a planetary gear support frame that pivotally supports a planetary gear of the planetary gear unit. A brake device is provided to prevent rotation of a sun gear that meshes with the planetary gear, and a link gear that meshes with the planetary gear is connected to the turbine shaft of the torque converter by a coupling means that inputs the link gear to the underdrive unit, and the turbine element of the torque converter is connected to the turbine shaft of the torque converter. A turbine clutch is provided to turn on and off the input shaft and the turbine shaft, and during driving other than overdrive, power is transmitted to the torque converter via the planetary gear unit, and during overdrive, the input shaft is directly connected to the turbine shaft by the operation of the above-mentioned brake device. An automatic transmission characterized in that the turbine clutch is disengaged at the same time. 2. In the automatic transmission according to item 1 above, a one-way clutch is further provided in parallel with the turbine clutch to transmit the torque of the turbine element of the torque converter to the turbine shaft, and the torque is transmitted via the turbine clutch only during engine braking. An automatic transmission characterized by: