JPS5830878B2 - Axle load reduction device for heavy handling vehicles - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an axle load reduction device for a heavy-duty vehicle that travels while lifting a heavy load.

Conventional heavy handling vehicles for railway use are explained as follows.

As shown in FIG. 1, the railway heavy handling vehicle includes a front bogie 1 and a rear bogie 2 that run on a railway 15, and the front bogie 1 and rear bogie 2 support a vehicle body 27.

A telescopic boom 4 is attached to the vehicle body 27 by a drive truck 10 and wheels 11 that run on rails 12a or 12b so as to protrude to a position where a load 13 such as a railway bridge is lifted.

At the tip of this telescopic boom 4, there is a piston for lifting the load.
One end of the chain 77 is attached to the piston rond of the lifting piston/cylinder device 5, and the other end is suspended downward by the sprocket 6 at the tip of the telescopic boom 4, and the lifting fitting 8 engages with the load 13. It is connected to.

The load lifting piston/cylinder device 5 receives pressure from the engine room 9 on the telescopic boom 4 to extend and retract its piston rond, and during the contraction operation, lifts the load 13 into the chuck 7.
The load 13 can be lifted by pulling the load 7, and the load 13 can be lowered by slackening the check 77 during the extension operation.

In this type of lifting work for railway handling vehicles, the load 1
If the weight of 3 is large, the load applied to the front bogie 1 will increase,
The load applied to the rear truck 2 is reduced.

As a result, the rear truck 2 almost lifts up.

For this reason, each cart 1 and 2 is run while the load 1 is lifted.
There is a drawback that derailment and falling accidents are more likely to occur when performing the movement described in step 3.

For this reason, the balance weight 14 is attached to the rear end of the vehicle body 27.
was installed to increase the weight on the side opposite to the lifting position of the railway vehicle, thereby preventing the rear bogie 2 from floating up, thereby preventing derailment and overturning accidents.

However, according to such a method, as the weight of the load 13 increases, the load on the front bogie 1 also increases, and eventually the axle load of the front bogie 1 is determined by the pressure-resistant load of the trackbed, railway 15, etc. There is a risk of exceeding the load capacity.

In order to prevent this danger, it is sufficient to increase the weight of the balance weight 14 in proportion to the weight of the load 13.

However, if this is done, the difference between the load applied to the rear truck 2 and the load applied to the front truck 1 becomes too large when the vehicle is not lifted.

For this reason, a disadvantage arises in that the weight distribution on each of the carts 1 and 2 is not suitable for traveling movement during traveling, especially for high-speed transport required during forwarding.

As another conventional example, a separate trolley is provided that supports a balance weight separately from the main body, and the separate trolley is configured so that the loading platform is swingably supported by a single support shaft, and the balance is placed behind this support shaft. Some crane trucks reduce the axle load by applying the rotational moment around the support shaft of the loading platform, which is generated by loading weights, to the main body in the lifting direction, but in this case, a separate truck with a special configuration that allows the loading platform to swing is used. In addition, a special joint is required between the main body and the separate vehicle in order to transmit the rotational moment generated in the separate bogie to the main body, which has the disadvantage of requiring a complicated configuration to reduce the axle load. Furthermore, no consideration has been given to using balance weights to reduce the axle load and balance the axle load during lifting operations, that is, cargo handling operations.

An object of the present invention is to safely and easily balance a heavy-duty vehicle.

An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a railway heavy vehicle will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Components that are common to those in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, a second
As shown in the figure, a bracket 30 protruding further from the suspended load 13 position than the rear truck 2 is attached, and the piston/cylinder device 1 is oriented vertically at the tip of the bracket 30.
6 is attached, and a balance weight 17 is attached to the piston rond of this piston/cylinder device.

In this way, the balance weight 1γ is attached to the vehicle body 2γ so as to be vertically movable.

A bogie 3 mounted on the railway 15 is provided directly below this balance weight 17, and this bogie 3 is connected to the rear bogie 2 and the coupler 2.
connected by 8.

The piston and cylinder arrangement 16 is associated with the lifting piston and cylinder arrangement 5 by a hydraulic circuit shown in FIG.

That is, solenoid valves 23 and 23 communicate with the hydraulic pressure generation unit 31 provided in the engine room 9, and two hydraulic passages are connected to the lifting piston and the solenoid valve 22.
Two hydraulic passages communicate with the cylinder device 5 and from the solenoid valve 23 with the piston/cylinder device 16 .

One hydraulic passage from the solenoid valve 22 and one hydraulic passage from the solenoid valve 23 are provided with a flow control valve 21 or 24, a pilot check valve 20 or 25, and a counter in order from the solenoid valve 22 and 23 sides. A balance valve 19 or 26 is provided and communicates with the cylinder chamber on the piston rond side of the piston-cylinder device 16 or the lifting piston-cylinder device 5, respectively.

Each piston receives hydraulic pressure from this one hydraulic passage.
The cylinder devices 5 and 16 perform a contraction operation.

Each of the other passages has a flow control valve 21 or 24 installed in the middle and communicates with the other cylinder chamber of each piston/cylinder device 5, 16, and the oil passing through this other passage causes each piston/cylinder device 5 to
, 16 perform the expansion operation.

These switching operations between the expansion and contraction side operations are performed by switching the hydraulic pressure supply to both hydraulic passages connected to each piston/cylinder device 5, 16, and specifically, by switching the solenoid valve 22 or 23.

In particular, each solenoid valve 22, 23 and pressure switch 1
8 is wired so that the solenoid valve 23 causes the piston/cylinder device 16 to perform a contraction operation upon receiving an operation signal from the pressure cassette inch 18, and the solenoid valve 22 is switched to the neutral position.

This pressure switch 18 is connected to the lifting piston/cylinder device 5 via one hydraulic passage as shown in FIG.
It is attached so as to communicate with the cylinder chamber on the piston rond side of the lifting piston/cylinder device 5.

In this way, the pressure switch 18 detects the hydraulic pressure in the lifting piston/cylinder device 5, which increases in accordance with the weight of the lifted load 13, and when the pressure exceeds the set pressure, the pressure switch 18 can initiate a switching operation. can.

The operating setting pressure of this pressure switch 18 is the hydraulic pressure in the lifting piston cylinder device 5 that is generated when the load applied to the front truck 1 is lifting a load that exceeds the allowable axle load of the front truck 1. It is set to be slightly less than the equivalent value.

When this pressure switch 18 is not actuated, the solenoid valve 23 can be switched to extend the piston-cylinder arrangement 16.

The expansion/contraction range of this piston/cylinder device 16 is limited by an upper limit switch 29a and a lower limit switch 29b shown in FIG.

The switch levers of these limit switches 29a and 29b are projected into the movement space of a striker 33 provided on the piston rond of the piston cylinder device 16, and this striker 33 is connected to each limit switch 29a.
, 29b.

When this hit occurs, the hit limit switch 29a
Alternatively, 29b can initiate a switch action.

This upper limit switch 29a and each solenoid valve 22, 23 receive an operation signal from the upper limit switch 29a, so that the solenoid valve 23 returns to the neutral position, and the solenoid valve 22 moves the retracting operation to the lifting piston.
The wires are connected so as to switch to the position where the cylinder device 5 is raised.

On the other hand, the lower limit switch 29b and each solenoid valve 22.23 are arranged so that the solenoid valve 23 is switched to the neutral position in response to the operation signal of the lower limit switch 29b, and the solenoid valve 22 is connected to the lifting piston/cylinder device 5. The wires are connected so as to cause the expansion operation to occur.

In this embodiment with the above configuration and operation, a heavy load 1
The operation of loading and unloading 3 will be explained.

When the lifting piston/cylinder device 5 is caused to perform a reduction operation by switching the solenoid valve 22,
The cheno 7 is pulled, and the load 13 receives an upward force via the hanging fitting 8.

In this way, the weight of the load 13 is gradually applied to the lifting piston/cylinder device 5.

As this state progresses, the oil pressure in the cylinder chamber on the piston rond side of the lifting piston/cylinder device 5 increases.

When the hydraulic pressure in the lifting piston and cylinder device 5 reaches the set value of the pressure switch 18, the pressure switch 18 activates the switching action of each solenoid valve 22.
Sends an operation signal to 23.

The solenoid valve 23 receiving this operation signal is switched so as to cause the piston/cylinder device 16 to perform a contraction operation.

Further, the solenoid valve 22 receiving the operation signal from the pressure switch 18 is switched to the neutral position to stop the expansion and contraction of the lifting piston/cylinder device 5, thereby temporarily stopping the lifting operation.

During the suspension period of this lifting work, the balance weight 17 is
completely lift it from trolley 3.

When the balance weight 17 is completely lifted up, the striker 33 that has risen as the piston/cylinder device 16 is contracted hits the switch lever of the upper limit switch 29a, causing the upper limit switch 29a to operate.

In response to the switch operation signal of the upper limit switch 29a, the solenoid valve 23 is switched to the neutral position,
The expansion and contraction operation of the piston/cylinder device 16 is stopped by the locking operation of the pilot check valve 25.

In this way, the balance weight 17 is held in a suspended state.

When the balance weight 17 is completely lifted to the normal position, the upper limit switch 29a performs a switch operation, and this switch operation signal switches the solenoid valve 22 from the neutral position to the reduction operation side.

Therefore, after the lifting operation of the balance weight 17 is completely completed, the lifting operation is performed again, and the load 13 is completely lifted.

When the load 13 is lifted, the load on the front truck 1 increases according to the weight of the load 13, and the load exceeds the allowable axle load value of the front truck 1.

However, before it is completely lifted, that is, during the lifting process, the pressure switch 18 detects that the allowable axle load of the front bogie 1 has already been exceeded, and the balance weight 17 is automatically activated.
The act of lifting.

As a result, the weight of the balance weight 17 is applied to a portion of the vehicle body 27 on the front truck 1 side via the vehicle body 27 as a lifting moment centered on the rear truck 2.

Therefore, the upward force generated on the car body 27 on the front bogie 1 side due to the lifting moment and the downward force transmitted to the front bogie 1 side of the car body 27 due to lifting of the load 13 cancel each other out, and the downward force applied to the front bogie 1 In addition to reducing the force, the weight of the balance weight 17 offsets the lifting force during lifting work of the 27 part of the car body on the rear truck 2 side.

Therefore, the loads on both the front and rear bogies are averaged.

This prevents derailment and overturning accidents due to lifting of the rear part of the car body 27 including the rear bogie 2, and also reduces the downward force applied to the front bogie 1 to keep the axle load of the front bogie 1 within the permissible value. Can be done.

In this way, when the vehicle is driven to move the load 13 while the load 13 is being lifted, the load on the front and rear trucks 1 and 2 can be equalized by lifting the balance weight 17. A stable running condition can be obtained.

Further, if the weight of the load 13 is so light that it transmits only a load to the front truck 1 that does not exceed the permissible axle load, the pressure switch 18 does not operate.

Therefore, the balance weight 17 remains supported by the truck 3, and both the trucks 1 and 2 of the heavy handling vehicle do not bear the weight of the balance weight 17.

Therefore, the heavy vehicle can move easily and transport the load 13 to the target position, and wear and tear on various parts due to increased weight can also be reduced.

When the load 13 that has been moved to the target position is to be lowered, the solenoid valve 22 is switched to cause the lifting piston/cylinder device 5 to extend.

In this way, the chino 7 is sent downward through the sprocket 6.

Therefore, the load 13 descends and finally touches the ground.

When this grounding state begins, the tension of the cheno 7 gradually decreases, and the lifting piston/cylinder device 5 responds accordingly.
The oil pressure in the cylinder chamber on the piston rond side gradually decreases until the load 13 completely touches the ground and the load 1 of the cheno 7
The tension caused by 3 is eliminated.

When the set pressure of the pressure switch 18 is exceeded during the decrease of this oil pressure, the operation signal of the pressure switch 18 is canceled.
The solenoid valve 23 is switched to cause the piston-cylinder arrangement 16 to perform an extension motion.

At the same time, the solenoid valve 22 receives a cancellation signal from the pressure switch 18 and switches to the neutral position, temporarily stopping the lowering operation of the load 13.

During this stop, the balance weight 17 is lowered by the extending piston-cylinder device 16.

When the lowered balance weight 17 is mounted on the trolley 3 and supported, the striker 33, which has been lowered as the piston/cylinder device 16 extends, hits the switch lever of the lower limit switch 29b.

Therefore, the lower limit switch 29b causes a switch operation.

In response to this operation of the lower limit switch 29b, the solenoid valve 23 is switched to a neutral position, and the solenoid valve 22 is switched to a position that causes the lifting piston/cylinder device 5 to perform an extension operation.

The load 13 is therefore completely lowered to the destination position.

When the cargo handling work of the cargo 13 is completed in this way, the moving boom 4 is moved to the drive truck 10 and the wheels 11 are moved to the rail 12a.
, 12b and pulled into the center of the vehicle body 27, so that the weight of the movable boom 4 is almost equally borne by the front and rear carts 1 and 2.

After doing this, the railway 15 is moved by the front and rear bogies 1 and 2.
A heavy-duty vehicle is run on the top and sent out.

At this time, the truck 3 is pulled by the heavy handling vehicle by the coupler 28,
The balance weight 17 is supported by the truck 3 and moves.

During this forwarding, there is no need to support the weight of the balance weight 17 on the main body of the heavy vehicle.

Therefore, the loads applied to the front and rear trucks 1.2 can be reduced and equalized.

Therefore, since the shock received during forwarding is reduced and running stability is improved, the heavy vehicle can be forwarded at high speed and the railway road can be cleared quickly.

In this way, according to this embodiment, during cargo handling work, the cargo
The weight of the balance weight 17 can be automatically added to the vehicle body 27 side of the heavy-duty vehicle in accordance with the weight of the front truck 1 to reduce the load applied to the front truck 1.

Therefore, the loads applied to the front and rear bogies 1 and 2 are equalized, the axle load of the front bogie 1 is reduced, and the rear bogie 2 is prevented from floating.

Therefore, it is possible to improve the running stability of the operating vehicle and the safety of the wheels and wheel axles when moving the load 13.

At the same time, when transporting a heavy vehicle, balance weight 17
Since the cargo is supported by a separate truck 3 and transported while being pulled by the heavy vehicle, the transportation work of the heavy vehicle during non-load handling can be speeded up.

As described above, according to the present invention, the weight is automatically lifted according to the hanging load to maintain balance, and when lifting the weight, the lifting of the load is automatically paused to ensure that the lifting of the weight is completed. Therefore, it is possible to reliably eliminate the danger caused by lifting the entire load with incomplete lifting of the weights, resulting in a safe effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view of a conventional heavy-duty vehicle in a cargo handling state;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a heavy vehicle operated by the device of the present invention in a cargo handling state, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of each piston/cylinder device shown in FIG. 2. 1...Front truck, 2...Rear truck, 3...
...Dolly, 4...Moving boom, 5...
・・Piston/cylinder device for lifting, 10・・・・
... Drive truck, 11 ... Wheels, 12a, 1
2b...Rail, 13...Load, 15.
... Railway, 16 ... Piston cylinder device, 17 ... Balance weight, 18 ...
...Pressure switch, 20.25...Pilot check valve, 22゜23...Solenoid valve, 27...Vehicle body, 28...Coupler,
29a... Upper limit switch, 29b...
...Lower limit switch, 30...Bracket, 31...Hydraulic pressure generation unit, 33...
...Strike.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Remove the tension member connected to the first piston-cylinder device from the vehicle body! = Hanging from the protruding boom,
In the heavy-duty vehicle that supports a hanging load with the tension member and adds a balance weight to the opposite end of the vehicle body, a second piston-cylinder device attached to the vehicle body; and a second piston-cylinder device. a weight connected to the first
a pressure generating unit connected to the piston/cylinder device and the second piston/cylinder device, and a pressure generating unit provided between the first piston/cylinder device and the pressure generating unit to apply pressure in a direction in which the suspended load is lowered. a first solenoid valve having respective switching positions: a position for switching to a direction in which the suspended load is lifted; a position for switching to a direction in which the suspended load is lifted; and a position for stopping pressure supply;
A position provided between the second piston/cylinder device and the pressure generating unit to switch the pressure in the direction of lifting the weight, a position to switch the pressure in the direction of lifting the weight, and a position to stop the pressure supply. a second solenoid valve having a switching position and a position in which the output side stops supplying pressure to the first solenoid valve, which communicates with the cylinder chamber of the first piston-cylinder device on the side that receives a hanging load and increases pressure; a pressure switch connected to the second solenoid valve so as to switch the weight to a position in which the weight is lifted; and the second piston-cylinder device is arranged to be able to detect the detected piece with the weight lifted, and the output side of the second solenoid valve is switched to a position where pressure supply is stopped. a first solenoid valve connected to the first solenoid valve so as to switch the suspended load to a position in the lifting direction;
and the second piston/cylinder device are arranged so as to be able to detect the detected piece when the weight is lowered onto the trolley, and the output side stops supplying pressure to the second solenoid valve. An axle load reduction device for a heavy-duty vehicle, comprising a second detector connected to the position so as to switch the position.