JPS5829454B2 - Loading device for consolidation test - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a consolidation test loading device used for soil consolidation tests.

Soil consolidation tests are extremely important in soil engineering as a method for experimentally testing phenomena that cause subsidence of structures, ground subsidence, landslides, etc.
) The soil consolidation test method is tested using a consolidation tester according to the established method.

Conventionally popular consolidation testing machines use a suspended lever loading mechanism to apply a weight load onto a specimen in a consolidation container, and this method typically applies an impact load to the specimen when loading a weight. The lever tilts as it consolidates, causing an error in the consolidation load. It is difficult to apply large and small loads to the specimen with the same accuracy. Heavy weights are required for large loads. In addition, loading and unloading weights on multiple testing machines takes time and effort, and since the equipment is a suspended type, it is prone to shaking, which affects test accuracy. The drawback is that the fulcrum of the collar must always be kept in the best possible condition with low frictional resistance.

To improve these shortcomings, there is a pneumatic compression tester that uses air pressure as a pressure source and uses an air cylinder to apply a compression load, but even if it is an air type,
In order to apply a large load using a 0 kg/crA pressure compressor, the cross-sectional area of the air cylinder must be made large. A high-capacity compressor is required, and due to the nature of air pressure, the pressure is unstable and it is difficult to apply a constant load for a long time (JIS test method stipulates that the loading time for each stage of load is 24 hours). There are drawbacks such as:

The present invention has been made in order to eliminate all the drawbacks of the conventional consolidation test loading device.
Using air pressure from a pressure compressor as a pressure source, this is precisely regulated to the test loading pressure for each stage, and then replaced with hydraulic pressure by an electro-hydraulic displacement device, and this hydraulic pressure is applied to the piston of the consolidation loading device. By making JI
A precise and stable specified load can be applied to the specimen at each pressure stage of the S specification, and by incorporating a pressure booster, it is possible to apply a high pressure consolidation load that exceeds the general specified load without increasing the pressure of the compressor. Furthermore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a compact consolidation test loading device that can arbitrarily and one-touch switch these loads to multiple consolidation loading devices.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the outline of the configuration of the device of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, this device includes a compressor that generates pressurized air, an air purifier that cools, dehumidifies, and removes dust from the generated pressurized air, a primary pressure regulator that regulates the pressure air to a predetermined pressure, stabilizes it, and accumulates the pressure. The air pressure in the next rectifier tank and the -next rectifier tank is determined by the consolidation load at each stage specified by JIS (usually 0.0
5.0.1.0.2.0.4.0.8, ■, 6.3.2
．． A secondary pressure regulator and a secondary rectifier tank that regulate and accumulate air pressure corresponding to 6, 4, and 9 stages of 12.8 kg/ci, and supply pressurized air from the secondary rectifier tank to the next pressure source device. a control device consisting of an air pressure supply port, a total oil displacement device that is connected to the air supply port and replaces the air pressure with hydraulic pressure, and a hydraulic supply port that supplies the replaced hydraulic pressure to each consolidation loading device. , Replenish oil to a pressure booster, a total oil displacement device, and a pressure booster that uses the air pressure of the secondary rectifier tank to replace and increase hydraulic pressure corresponding to a high-pressure consolidation load that is higher than the normal consolidation load specified by JIS. The entire system is composed of a pressure source device consisting of an oil supply device.

The above pressure booster consists of a high pressure total oil displacement device and a pressure booster,
The oil supply system consists of an oil tank and a screw pump, and the above devices are connected by pneumatic and hydraulic circuits, and operation valves are provided at necessary locations in the circuits.

The hydraulic pressure supply port of the pressure source device is connected to the consolidation loading device, and the specified load of 0.05 to 12.8 ky/ca and the high pressure load increased by the pressure intensifier are arbitrarily applied to the consolidation loading device.

The line in Figure 1 is the pneumatic circuit, the - line is the specified pressure hydraulic circuit,
The - line indicates the high-pressure hydraulic circuit, and the ~= line indicates the oil supply circuit.

Figure 2 shows the overall configuration and circuit diagram of the device of the present invention that loads high-pressure consolidation loads of 25, 6, and 51.2 kg/crrL that exceed the 9 stages according to the above JIS regulations, and the normal consolidation test is the same. The same consolidation test is conducted on three specimens and the average value is taken.In this illustrated example, the pressure source device is one with three communication lines, but a total oil displacement device and a switching valve are added. It is also possible to perform multiple parallel operations.

1 in the figure is a compressor, whose capacity is generally used maximum pressure 10 kg/crA, normal pressure 8 kg/cr
It belongs to A.

Reference numeral 2 denotes an air purification device, which is composed of a refrigerating air dryer 21, a filter with a drain 22, a micro filter 23, and a pressure gauge 24, and cools, dehumidifies, and removes dust from the compressed air compressed by the compressor 1.

The purified pressure air is guided to the control device 3, and the pressure is regulated to 6 kg/c4 by the secondary pressure regulator 3, and the pressure is accumulated in the secondary rectifier tank 3□.

33 is a monitor pressure gauge for the primary rectifier tank.

- The pressure air accumulated in the secondary rectifier tank 32 is taken out through 9 parallel circuits, and 9 secondary pressure regulators 34A and 34B, respectively.

34C, 34D, 34E, 34F, 34G
, 3. H.

34■, the air pressure corresponding to the 9 stages of consolidation load specified by JIS, that is, 0.05.0.1.0.2.0.4.0.
8, ■, 6.3.21.6.4.12.8 kg/ct
The pressure is regulated to rr and the secondary rectifier tanks 35A, 35B, 3
5C, 35D.

35E, 35F, 35G, 35H, 35■
The pressure is accumulated in two parts.

36A, 36B, 36C, 36D, 36E. 3
6F, 36G, 36H, 3, I are monitor pressure gauges connected to each secondary rectifier tank 35A...-35I, of which 36A, 36B, 36C are 0.05.0.1
．． A micropressure gauge is used to monitor the low pressure region of 0.2 kg/crrt.

37A, 3□B, 3□C, 3,D, 3□E. 3□F,
3□G, 3□H, 37I are also secondary rectifier tanks 35A...
...Connected to 3d, secondary pressure regulator 34A...
・Secondary rectifier tank 35A by 34■... 3□A is a monitor gauge for detecting and confirming the pressure when precisely setting the pressure of 35■ to the specified pressure.

37B, 3□C are oil manometers, 3□D, 3□E, and 37F are mercury manometers, and 3□G, 3 in the high pressure area are used.
□H, 3□■ is a tongue set pressure exchanger 38G.

38H238■ is inserted in series with a manometer circuit using oil and mercury to shorten the manometer tube length.

39A, 39B, 3. C, 3, D. 39E, 39
F, 39G, 39H, 39I are each secondary rectifier tank 35
A: One side of the one-touch coupler is attached to the air pressure supply port that communicates with 35I.

3+oA, 3toB, 3toC, 3+oD,
3toE.

3.

F, 31oG, 3. H23□. ■ is each air pressure supply port 3
9A... Master gauge installation port connected to 39■, one of the one-touch couplers is installed, and the other of the one-touch couplers is installed, or any master gauge. It can be connected to the mounting port to accurately detect a predetermined pressure.

Reference numeral 41', 4, //, 41/// is a total oil replacement device provided in the pressure source device 4, which is filled with oil and has two upper and lower layers: a pneumatic section and a hydraulic section.

This upper pneumatic section includes pneumatic circuits 42', 42//, 4
□''' is connected, and the other end of the pneumatic circuit 421, 4□', 4□'' is a three-way cock pneumatic switching valve 43/, 43/
/, 43/// are connected to one connection port, respectively, and the other two connection ports of this pneumatic switching valve 43z 43//, 431tl are connected to pneumatic circuits 44, 45 with one-touch couplers attached to their tips. has been done.

゛Therefore, the air pressure supply port 3 of the control device 3. A...
3. Connect any two locations of I and the pneumatic circuits 44 and 45 with a one-touch coupler, and connect the pneumatic switching valves 43/, 43tt.
, 43'tt to either the pneumatic circuit 44 or 45, two of the nine prescribed consolidation load stages are arbitrarily selected, and the air pressure of one of them is changed to the total oil displacement device 41. ', 41//, 4, /// can be applied arbitrarily to the oil level within 4, /// to replace the air pressure with hydraulic pressure.

46/, 46tt, and 46ttt are the total oil displacement device 41'. 4, tt, 4, ttt are connected to the lower hydraulic section, and there are hydraulic switching valves 47', 4□', 4□'' in the middle.
' is interposed and the hydraulic supply port 4, /, 481/, 48
A hydraulic circuit connected to 1//, hydraulic supply port 48',
One side of the one-touch coupler is attached to 4B' and 48///, respectively.

5 is a high-pressure total oil replacement device, which is similar to the total oil replacement device 4. /
, 4. //, Same as 4□''', oil is sealed inside and the pneumatic part and hydraulic part have two layers, upper and lower, and the upper pneumatic part has 12
．． Control device 3 set to a pressure of 8 kg/crA
It is connected to the secondary rectifier tank 35■ through a pneumatic circuit 5□, and a pressure of 12.8 kg/crri is applied to the oil level.

53 is a 25.6 kg/cm pressure intensifier, the input side of which is connected to the hydraulic section at the bottom of the high-pressure total oil displacement device 5□ by a hydraulic circuit 54, and the hydraulic pressure of the high-pressure total oil displacement device 5 is 12.8 kg.
/crIl is doubled on the output side to 25.6 kg /
Increase pressure to crA.

This output side is connected to a high pressure hydraulic circuit 56 with a 25.6 kg/crA high pressure valve 55 installed.
High pressure hydraulic switching valves 5□', 5□ consisting of three-way cocks
', 5□'〃 are connected in parallel to one connection port.

58 is a 91cnt pressure booster in 51.2, and the input side is the above 2
A hydraulic pressure of 25.6 kg/crti is connected to the output side of the 5.6 kg lcrA pressure intensifier 53, and the hydraulic pressure of 25.6 kg/crti is input, and the pressure is doubled to 51.2 kg/crA on the output side. .2kg/cnl high pressure valve 5.

The high-pressure hydraulic switching valves 5□/, 5□〃 are connected to the high-pressure hydraulic circuit 5.1 with a 5 1.2 kg/cyst high-pressure hydraulic circuit 5.1.

Connected in parallel to the other connection port of 5□///.

Another connection port of the high pressure hydraulic switching valves 57', 5□', 5□'' is connected to the high pressure hydraulic circuit 5□2'j 512''t to the hydraulic switching valves 4□', 4□', 4□''. 5□2″, respectively, and the pressure intensifiers 53 and 51 carry 25.6 kg/cr7.
．． The output of the 2 kglcrA pressure booster 58 is the high pressure hydraulic switching valve 5□/, 57//, 5□l〃 and the hydraulic switching valve 4□/, 4
By switching □//, 47//l, hydraulic pressure can be supplied to any one of the hydraulic supply ports 48/, 48//, and 481//.

6 is an oil tank, inside of which oil is partially sealed to form two layers of oil, and at the top is a pneumatic circuit 6□ connected to the outlet of the air purifier 2, and an air tank with one end open to the atmosphere. Discharge circuit 6
3 are connected, and an air valve 64 and an air breather valve 65 are interposed in these circuits 62 and 63, respectively.

The lower part of the hydraulic tank 6 is connected to the inlet of a screw pump 680 by an oil supply circuit 67 in which a oil supply valve 66 is installed. oil supply valve 66 and screw pump 68
0 and the lower part of the high pressure total oil displacement device 5. a refueling circuit 6 in which a refueling valve 69 is interposed;
connected by o.

On the other hand, the outlet of the screw pump 68 is connected to the total oil displacement device 4 through the oil supply circuit 611. /, 41//, 41///
Oil supply valves 61□', 6.2', 6.
2″′ are interposed and connected in parallel.

Further, the outlet of the screw pump 68 is connected to a fuel supply circuit 614 in which a fuel supply valve 6.3 is installed, and the output of the screw pump 68 is 25.6 kglcrA.
Output side of pressure booster 53 and 51.2 kg/crA pressure booster 5
80 is connected to the input side circuit 59, and the oil supply valve 615
51.2 kg/c by the oil supply circuit 616 equipped with
m is connected to the output side of the pressure booster 58.

71/, 7. //, 7□llll is a consolidation loading device, 7
□z72tt.

7□″' is the load hydraulic circuit, and the one-touch coupler attached to the tip thereof is connected to one of the one-touch couplers attached to the hydraulic pressure supply port 4./, 48//, 4./// of the control device 4. By connecting to
Consolidation load can be applied to 41°74//, 74///.

As mentioned above, since the device of the present invention replaces air pressure with hydraulic pressure to load on the compression loading device, almost no air is consumed during loading, and therefore the air pressure source is the same as that of this embodiment. It is not limited to a compressor such as a compressor, but an air cylinder can also be used.

Next, the operation of the device of the present invention having the above configuration will be explained. The compressed air generated by the compressor 1 is cooled and cooled by the refrigerating air dryer 21, the filter with drain 22, and the micro filter 23 of the air purifying device 2. After being dried, dehumidified, and dust removed, it is guided to the control device 3, and the next pressure regulator 3
, the pressure is regulated to 6 kg/crA, and the pressure is accumulated in the secondary rectifier tank 3□.

This pressure is detected and confirmed by a monitor pressure gauge 33.

- The pressure air accumulated in the secondary rectifier tank 32 is taken out in 9 parallel circuits, and each of the 9 secondary pressure regulators 34A...3
By operating 4I, the air pressure corresponding to the 9 stages of consolidation load specified by JIS, i.e. 0.05.0.1.0.2
．． 0.4.0.8.1.6.3.2.6.4.12.8
The pressure is regulated to kg At; t and the secondary rectifier tank 35A...
...3. The pressure is accumulated in two parts.

This pressure is adjusted by monitor pressure gauge 36A...3
The pressure is set by aI, and the fine adjustment of the pressure is made using the monitor gauge 3.
□A...7□■ is carried out by monitoring.

In addition, master gauge installation [''3.

The accuracy of these specified pressures can be detected by connecting a master gauge to any port of A...31o.

As described above, the air pressure supply port 3 of the control device 3. A...
... 39I is loaded with a precise specified air pressure.

On the other hand, the specimen? , ', 74tt, 74'u are set in the consolidation test device 71/, 7. // , 7. ////
load hydraulic circuit 72'.

Connect the one-touch coupler at the tip of 7゜', 1□''' to the hydraulic supply port 48/, 48tt, 48tr of the control device 4.
y one-touch coupler, and then the total oil displacement device 4 of the pressure source device 4. t, 41//, 4
Refuel 1tt/.

For this refueling, open the air breather valve 65 and the refueling valve 66, close all other valves, operate the screw pump 68 in the oil suction direction to fill the pump with oil, and then close the refueling valve 66. , 2' open and screw pump 68
is operated in the oil discharge direction to appropriately supply oil to the total oil displacement device 41'.

Next, close the oil supply valve 6.2I, and then turn on the total oil replacement device 4□
Perform the same refueling operation for /1, 4, and ///.

Next, pneumatic circuits 44 and 4. One-touch coupler control device 300.05kg/c77f and 0.1 ky
/cat is connected to one of the one-touch couplers of the air pressure supply ports 39A and 39B, respectively, and the oil supply valve 612 > 6.2
//, 612'' is closed, pneumatic switching valve 43/, 43
If you switch //, 43//l to the pneumatic circuit 44 side and hydraulic switching valves 4□/, 47//, 47/// to the hydraulic supply port side, the air pressure will be set to 0.05 kg/cm. are replaced with hydraulic pressure and the consolidation operation parts 73/, 7. //.

Apply hydraulic pressure to 73/ll to raise it.

Consolidation operating part7. / , 73/l and 73/II rise, and the pressure plate 75'.

7, //, 75/// is the yoke 76/, 76//
, Pressure plate until it just touches 76///? 51.7
．． n, -”ltn is the specimen 741゜74//, 74
In this state, without applying any load to ///, the weight of the consolidation operating parts 73/ , 73tt , 73ttt is the total oil displacement device '1'>41'', 41/// and the oil level in the consolidation loading device 71 ', 7□', 1□''' is automatically compensated by the oil head pressure due to the difference in height, that is, O-balanced, and then the pressure plate 7, //, 75//, 7. /l/ is prevented from rising by the yokes 76/, 76//, 76///, so the specimens 74/, 7411, 7. //I
A set pressure of 0.05 kg/crtf is applied.

Test specimen 7 was subjected to loading for a certain period of time. / , 74//
, 7. After measuring the amount of deformation of /I/, open the pneumatic switching valve 4.
3/, 43//, and 43/I/ are switched to the pneumatic circuit 45 side to apply a load of O, l kg/cri to the next stage.

In this way pneumatic circuit 44.4. One-touch couplers are successively connected to the air pressure supply ports 39C...3, I, and the air pressure switching valves 43', 43',
Consolidation tests from 0.05 to 12.8 kg/crrt can be easily performed by alternately switching 43'' to the 44 direction and the 4. direction.

For consolidation tests of 12.8 kg/1yrt or more, first open the air valve 64 of the oil tank 61, the oil supply valve 66, and the oil supply valve 69 of the high-pressure total oil displacement device 5, and close all other valves. The air pressure of the compressor 1 acts on the oil tank, and oil is supplied to the high-pressure total oil displacement device 51.

Also, this oil is supplied via the hydraulic circuit 54 at a rate of 25.6 kglc.
It is also supplied to the input side of the RA booster 53.

At this time, the control device 3012.8 kg/c4 pressure regulator 34■
This supply can be easily carried out by controlling the pressure of the 12.8 kg/ca secondary rectifier tank 35 to O.

Next, open the air breather valve 65 and oil supply valve 66, close all other valves, operate the screw pump 8 in the oil suction mode to fill the pump with oil, and then pressure booster oil supply valve 613. , 615 is opened, all other valves are closed, and the screw pump 68 is operated in the oil discharge direction.
5.6 kg/crA pressure booster 53 output side and 51.2
kg/crri is supplied to the output side of the pressure booster, and oil is supplied to the high pressure total oil replacement device 51 and the pressure boosters 53 and 58.

In this state, 25.6 kg/cwt high pressure valve 55
is opened, and the hydraulic circuit is 56-5.2', 5□l,
51□wt 46/ , 46tt , 46try
High pressure hydraulic switching valves 57', 5□〃, 5□I
If f/ and hydraulic switching valves 47z 47// and 4□'' are switched respectively and all other valves are closed, 25.6 kg/c
The output of the rrt pressure booster 53 is supplied to the hydraulic supply ports 48', 48',
48″′ to consolidation loading device 71z 71//, 71
/// is loaded in parallel with 51.2 kg/crA high pressure valve 5□.

is opened, and the hydraulic circuit is 511 512', 5□2//,
5,2/// 46/, 46", 46"' High pressure hydraulic switching valve 5□j 57", 57//
/ and hydraulic switching valves 4□', 4□', 4□''' and close all other valves, the output of the 51.2 kg/cm pressure intensifier 58 will be the same as above, the pressure-tight loading device 7t', 7./
/.

71″′ are loaded in parallel.

At this time, the control device 3012 transfers 8 kg/cn' to the rectifier tank 3.
If the air pressure at 5■ is correctly set to 12.8 kg/ca, this air pressure will be replaced with oil pressure by the high-pressure total oil replacement device 5□, and at 25.6, it will be doubled by the 9/cfL pressure booster 53.
Furthermore, the pressure is doubled by the 51.2 kglcrA pressure intensifier 58, and the consolidation load of both high pressures is automatically obtained.

The device of the present invention has the above-described structure and operation, and has the following effects.

That is, (a) Since it is an all-oil replacement type and loading is done by hydraulic pressure, no impact load is applied to the specimen, and the load can be applied with the same accuracy from small loads to large loads and stable over a long period of time.

The device has no mechanical parts, and each part is connected only to pneumatic and hydraulic circuits, so the entire device can be made compact, and if a touch coupler is used at the connection part of the device, it can be used with a large number of consolidation loading devices. It can be loaded arbitrarily and instantaneously.

・・Since it is an all-oil displacement type and has low air consumption, it uses a regular compressor as the pressure air source and can be used as an all-oil displacement device, switching valve,
It is possible to create multiple types by simply adding a consolidation loading device.

2. The O-balance of the compression operating part is automatically performed using the oil head pressure of the total oil displacement device.

E) Those with a pressure booster circuit can obtain a high-pressure consolidation load higher than the specified pressure without increasing the capacity of the compressor or other pressurized air source or the consolidation loading device, and can be switched to or from the specified pressure at any time by operating the switching valve. It can be done instantly.

Since the consolidation loading device is connected by a hydraulic circuit, the hydraulic circuit can be extended and tested in another room, or it can be removed and stored in another location.

In addition, this device can easily be automatically recorded by attaching an automatic switching device to the control unit and using a dial type sensor, an XY recorder, and a printer.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the outline of the configuration, and Fig. 2 is a high-pressure consolidation of 25.6 and 51.2 to 9/cwt, which exceeds 9 stages according to JIS regulations. 1 is an overall configuration and circuit diagram of this device that loads a load. 34A...34I...Secondary pressure regulator, 3
5A...35■...Secondary rectifier tank, 4.
/ , 41tt, 4, ltt...Full oil displacement device, 51...Full oil displacement device for high pressure, 53
-25.6 kglcrti pressure booster, 5B...
・5 L2kglcA pressure booster, 7□/, 7, //, 7□
///... Consolidation loading device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The weight of the consolidation operating part of the consolidation loading device is compensated by the oil head pressure of the electro-hydraulic displacement device, which is arranged at a higher place than the consolidation loading device and has two layers of oil inside. A consolidation test characterized in that the pressure is regulated to a predetermined pressure on the oil surface, the pressure is accumulated in a rectifier tank, the stabilized pressure air is applied to replace the oil pressure with hydraulic pressure, and this hydraulic pressure is loaded on a consolidation loading device. load device. 2 The weight of the consolidation operating part of the consolidation loading device is compensated for by the oil head pressure of the electro-hydraulic displacement device, which is placed at a higher place than the consolidation loading device and has two layers of oil inside, and a predetermined pressure is applied to this oil level. The system is configured to adjust the pressure, store the pressure in the rectifier tank, apply the stabilized pressure air to replace it with hydraulic pressure, load this hydraulic pressure to the consolidation loading device, and also adjust the pressure to the rectifier tank or a predetermined pressure. The pressurized air in a separate rectifier tank is replaced with hydraulic pressure by a high-pressure total oil displacement device installed separately from the above, and this hydraulic pressure is input to a pressure intensifier, and the increased hydraulic pressure is replaced with the hydraulic pressure. A loading device for a consolidation test, characterized in that it is configured to apply a load to the consolidation loading device in a switchable manner.