JPS5828442A - Self-traveling type machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To have high accuracy machining regardless of precision of rails by allowing the body of a self-traveling type machining device to move on a couple of guide rails and by controlling the amount of elevation or sinking of the wheel rolling on the rails with respect to the truck through sensing of the attitude of the machine body with a sensing device. CONSTITUTION:A truck 21 is provided at the lower part of the machine body 11, and a bracket 25 to bear a wheel 23 rolling a pair of guide rails 22, 22 is installed at this truck 21 in such a way as elevated and sunk by a servo motor 27 with respect to the truck 21, and further a linear motor 38 and an electromagnet 39 are furnished. The attitude control of the machine is made by adjusting the amount of the servo motor's 27 action in accordance with signals sensed by a processing reference sensing device 30 to sense the dislocation of the machine body 11 with respect to the reference surface for processing and a tilting device 31 to sense the tilt of machine body 11 in the direction to fore and aft. In these sensing devices 30, 31 is incorporated an optical sensor, and the work of the machine is performed with NC control.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a processing machine in which a tool is attached to a cart that moves along a guide rail to perform high-precision processing on a workpiece that is in a fixed state KTo.

When machining a long or large workpiece using a conventional plano miller tube, it is necessary to use a machine tool having a guide WI of a length corresponding to the dimensions of the workpiece. In general, the accuracy of a single machine tool is greatly influenced by the accuracy of the guide surface, so long, highly accurate guide surfaces tend to be extremely expensive. On the other hand, when machining a structure fixed on the ground, it is not possible to use a machine tool that moves the Kli worktable to perform the machining, and the main axis j [like the plano miller] inevitably moves. It is necessary to use machine tools of this type. For machine tools with a movable spindle head, the structure of the bed, column, or slide rail with a guide surface formed at the end to prevent accuracy loss due to lack of rigidity is particularly important. Since the bed that supports the columns and crossrails supports their weight, it is extremely difficult to improve the precision of the guide surfaces.

An object of the present invention is to provide a processing machine that uses all two inexpensive guide rails as guide surfaces and can provide highly accurate feed.

The configuration of the self-propelled processing machine of the present invention that achieves this objective is to machine the workpiece by laying two mutually parallel guide rails on a foundation along the longitudinal direction of the workpiece. The wheels rolling on the two guide rails are each rotatably attached to the trolley to which the tool is attached, and at least four (4) three brackets are attached to the trolley so as to be movable up and down, and these platters are attached to the trolley. A servo motor that moves up and down is connected to each of the platen K, and a truck drive device that drives the truck along the guide rail and a truck drive device that drives the truck along the guide rail and drive the wheels at a constant pressure to prevent the truck from floating up with respect to the guide rail. A floating prevention/prevention device is installed on the guide rail to suppress the lifting, and a posture detection device is installed on the truck, and a posture detection device detects the posture of the truck, and a signal from the posture detection device maintains the preset posture of the truck. The present invention is characterized in that it includes a posture control device that controls the operation of each of the servo motors.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a self-propelled processing machine according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. The machine main body 11 in this embodiment has a structure similar to that of a gate-shaped plano mill, and the upper parts of the left and right columns 12 are connected by a top beam 13, and a cross rail 14 that extends over the columns 12 can be raised and lowered. It becomes. A tool 15t for machining a workpiece (not shown) is attached to the crossrail 14 so that it can move left and right along the four slides 14. , 18 is a motor for moving the spindle head, and 19 is a motor for lifting and lowering the tool. these are,
A control device 20 mounted on the rear portion of the top beam 13 is configured to issue operation commands at any time.

Frame-shaped carts 21 are fixedly installed at the lower ends of the columns 12 that constitute a part of the machine body 11, and carts 21 are installed in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the workpiece on both the front and rear sides of the carts 21. A round pole screw jack 24 each having wheels 23 that can roll on 92 guide rails 22 is installed. This ball screw jack z+#i, wheel 23
The bracket 25 that rotatably supports the guide rail &22
It has a structure in which a parallel screw shaft 28 is connected to the platen 25, which is pivotally supported on the truck 21 via a pin 26t parallel to the pin 26t, and is engaged with a pole nut (not shown) which is rotated by a napkin 27. Therefore, since the operation of the servo motors 27 causes the wheels 23tj and bins 25t to move up and down with respect to the truck 21, it is necessary to control the operation of each servomotor 27 independently. Even if the accuracy of the rail 22 is poor, it is possible to set it perpendicular to the foundation 29 on which it is laid.

In this embodiment, three pole screw jacks 240 and wheels 23t are rolled on each guide rail 22, but one pole screw jack 24 on one guide rail 221m may be omitted. good.

It would be nice if there was at least a ball screw jack 24tj, but 4! ! In consideration of the stability of the main body 11, a round base is used in this embodiment. Also, a servo motor 2 may be used instead of the pole screw jack 24 as in this embodiment.
It is also possible to use a vehicle that can move the wheels 23 up and down relative to the trolley 21 by means of 7.

The control device 20/Ii also has a function to control the operation of these servo motors 270 to keep the machine body 11 in a proper posture at all times. The operating amount f of each servo motor 27 is adjusted based on detection signals from a pair of left and right machining reference detection devices 30 and a tilt detection device [31] that detects the inclination (inclination) of the front part of the machine body 11. 0 The pair of left and right machining standard inspection/small devices 30 used in this embodiment are each a machining standard beam generator 3 such as a laser oscillator that emits a machining reference position installed on a foundation 29.
2, and a control device 20 receives the light beam from here and controls its position.
Processing standard indicator 3 using photoelectric conversion element AT output to
In response to a signal from a machining reference indicator 33 fixed to the column 12, a corrector 34 built into the control value [20 so that it is projected at a certain position on the container 33,
The entire operation command signal for each servo motor 27 is output. In addition, the tilt detection device 31# used in this example
i. an autocollimator 35 installed on the foundation 29;
Light from autocollimator 35 is reflected and column 1
The autocollimator 35 adjusts the amount of inclination of the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 360 of the column 12 to a reference position (usually a position where the fine point of the spindle head 16 is vertical).
The corrector 37 built into the control device 20 receives the signal from the autocollimator 35 and detects it as the amount of light from the autocollimator 35. I
An operation command signal for each servo motor 27 is output so that the servo motor 27 returns to its original position. The operating state is obtained by combining the operation command signals from the two correctors 34 and 37 connected to the machining reference detection device 30 and inclination detection device 31, respectively, and the machining reference light beam is set at the axis of the spindle head 16. Since the wheels 23 move up and down so as to maintain a preset positional relationship with respect to the light beam from the generator 32, the precision of the spindle head 16'16' is maintained regardless of the straightness, flatness, etc. of the guide rail 22 and foundation 29. It is possible to move it. In addition, in this example, a laser beam i! is used as a processing reference detection device. However, it is also possible to use a piano wire or the like, and it is also possible to use other known detection devices instead of the autocollimator 350 as the inclination detection device 31.

Back surface Kti of trolley 21 of machine body 11, machine body l
A linear motor 38 for moving along the inner rail 221'C in the pipe is attached to each *b. These linear motors 38Fi, the trolley 2 whose secondary coil is on the movable side
It is a movable fire source linear motor provided in 1, which obtains thrust using the guide rail 22 as a secondary conductor, and has a helical winding in which the coil is wound symmetrically and inclined with respect to the traveling direction. Therefore, the guide rail 22 receives thrust diagonally forward.
This is so that the component forces in the direction perpendicular to the wheel cancel each other out to provide stable straight-line performance. In this embodiment, the linear motor 36 is operated by the machine body 1 due to processing reaction force during processing.
An electromagnet 39 is incorporated which also acts as a magnetic clamp to prevent floating of the electromagnet 3.
It is formed by winding a coil around a 9#i horseshoe-shaped iron core.
A moving molded coil of a linear motor 38 is fitted between the cores.

In this embodiment, the beam near motor 38 and the electromagnet 39 for lifting prevention are integrated to make them compact. As shown, it is also possible to separate the carriage drive linear motor 38@ and the floating prevention electromagnet 39'. In addition, in this embodiment, the wheel 23@
A bracket 25'' supporting the carriage 21' is adapted to move up and down perpendicularly to the carriage 21'. As shown in the figure, the linear motors 38, 38' are used as driving wheels 40t which always press against the guide rail 22 with a constant pressure regardless of the vertical movement of the wheels 23 and 23' - the suspension amount 41
Alternatively, the machine main body 11 may be moved along the guide rails 22 by attaching the machine body 11 to a trolley (not shown) via a t-rail so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and by driving and rotating the drive wheels 40 by the motor 42. Similarly K.

The linear motors 38, 38'' can be omitted even if the motors 42t are directly connected to the wheels 23, 23' to drive and rotate these wheels 23, 23'Yt.Furthermore, in this embodiment, the electromagnets 39. In place of 39', a lifting prevention claw 44 mechanically connected to a fluid pressure cylinder 43 and engaged with the guide rail 22 constitutes a lifting prevention device. There is.

In addition, in order to prevent machining waste generated from the workpiece by the tool 15 from entering between the wheels 23 and the guide rail 22 and disrupting positional accuracy or being attracted to the electromagnet 39, the trolley 21 is An air curtain type wiper 45 is provided around the lower end to clean the surface of the guide rail 220.

During actual machining, first, two guide rails 2 are installed parallel to the longitudinal direction (processing progress direction) of the fixed workpiece.
After laying the workpiece 2i on the foundation 29 with the workpiece 2i in between and installing the machine body 11t on this guide rail 22, the tool 1
5 is installed on the foundation 29 so as to be between the machining points, and the wheels 23? The position of the machine body 11 is set by moving up and down. Similarly, the autocollimator 32 of the tilt detection device 31
1 installed on the foundation 29, so that the amount of inclination of the front edge with respect to the light beam from the tool 32 becomes a predetermined setting value (the vertical height of the wheel 23 is controlled).Then, the spindle head 16e is activated to move the tool 15. A predetermined depth of cut is applied to the machine body 11', and the linear motor 38 is driven to move the machine body 11' along the guide rail 22 to machine the surface of the workpiece. The machine body 11 is controlled to be in a preset state by the machining reference detection device 30, inclination detection device 31, and K, regardless of the accuracy of the machine body 11. However, the electromagnet 39 prevents this movement.

As described above, according to the self-propelled processing machine of the present invention, the machine body is moved along the two guide rails, and its posture is detected by the posture detection device, and the wheels rolling on the guide rails are raised and lowered relative to the cart. Since the amount is controlled, high-precision feed can be applied to the machine body regardless of the precision of the guide rail, and therefore high-precision machining can be performed even on large to long workpieces. It is possible to do so.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an example of a self-propelled processing machine according to the present invention.
! FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are perspective views showing the schematic structure of the lower end of the cart of other embodiments of the present invention, and the reference numeral 11 in the figures indicates the main body of the machine. , 15 is a tool, 16H spindle application, 20 is a control device, 21 is a trolley, 22 is a guide rail, 23.23' is a wheel, 25.25'tj bracket, 27Fi servo motor, 29 is a foundation, 30 is a processing standard detection 31tj inclination detection device, 38, 38' beam near motor, 39, 39' electromagnet, 40 driving wheel, 42 Fi motor, 43 fluid pressure cylinder, 44 Fi lifting prevention claw. Patent Applicant Meidensha Co., Ltd. Attorney Mitsuishi Shibu (1 other person)

Claims (1)

[Claims] Two mutually parallel guide rails are laid on a foundation along the longitudinal direction of the workpiece, and the two guide rails are mounted on a cart to which a tool for machining the workpiece is attached. At least three brackets each having a wheel that rolls on a rail are rotatably attached are attached to the brackets so as to be movable up and down, and a servo motor for moving these brackets up and down with respect to the trolley is connected to each of the brackets, A bogie driving device that drives the bogie along the forward guide rail, and a lifting prevention device that prevents the bogie from floating against the guide rail and presses the wheels against the guide rail with a constant pressure. and a posture detection device for detecting the posture of the truck, and a control device for operating each of the servo motors so that the truck maintains a preset posture based on a signal from the posture detection device. A self-propelled processing machine characterized by being equipped with a control device.