JPS5828383B2 - Fiber dyeing method using microwaves - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fiber dyeing method in which dyes are fixed to fibers such as yarn, cloth, loose hair, etc. using microwaves.

The fixing (dying) of dyes on fibers using the heating effect of microwave irradiation has been practiced since 1976-626.
2, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-8433, etc., and the method of using microwaves to fix such dyes is different from other methods (for example, a method using an Obermeyer dyeing machine). It is an extremely promising technology from an energy-saving perspective because it can be dyed with much less thermal energy consumption than conventional methods.

However, although dyeing fibers using microwaves has been experimentally carried out in the past, it has had the disadvantage that the degree of fixation of the dye varies in some areas, resulting in so-called uneven dyeing, so it has not been used industrially. has not yet been put into practical use.

The present invention makes it possible to put microwave dyeing into practical use by using the principle of boiling to eliminate the local differences in temperature rise rate that cause uneven dyeing.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical pressure-tight sealed container in which a dye liquid, moistened fibers to be dyed 2 in the form of threads, cloth, loose hair, etc., are stored. The entire structure is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) for transparency.
The outer circumferential surface has flanges 3 and 3'.
are integrally formed, and a cylindrical foam 4 is formed at the bottom so that the pressure-tight airtight container can be placed in an upright position, and an annular body 5 is fixed to the outer periphery of the upper opening edge by a stop shaft 6.
The annular body has engaging portions 7, 7 that partially protrude inside the container by folding back the upper end of the opening edge of the pressure-resistant sealed container so that the cross section is reversed.
. . . are formed at regular intervals.

Reference numeral 8 denotes an opening/closing lid of the pressure-resistant airtight container, which has protrusions 9, 9, and 9 on the periphery.
-...- is formed, and the protrusion 9゜9...
. . . as the engaging portions 7, 7 . . .
If the opening/closing lid 8 is rotated through the interval , the protrusions 9, 9
. . . is the engaging portion 7, 7 . . .
The opening/closing lid 8 can be brought into airtight contact with the opening edge of the pressure-tight container via the gasket 10.

Reference numeral 11 denotes an intake valve attached to a part of the opening/closing lid 8, and a sponge ventilation strainer 1 attached to the inside of the opening/closing lid 8.
2 communicates with the main body of the intake valve 11 on the outside of the opening/closing lid via a ventilation pipe 13.

As shown in FIG. 3, inside the main body of the intake valve 11 communicating with the intake port 15, a spherical valve body 14 is pressed by the elasticity of a coil spring to an open end connected to the ventilation pipe 13.

A barometer 16 is also attached to a part of the opening/closing lid 8.

17 is a cylindrical foam integrally formed on the outside of the opening/closing lid;
A handle hole 18 is formed, and the main body of the intake valve 11 and the barometer 16 are accommodated within the cylindrical end body.

FIG. 4 shows the pressure-tight airtight container 1 placed horizontally on a cart 20. As shown in FIG.

This truck 20 has wheels 21.2 as shown in FIG.
A pair of rotating shafts 24 are rotatably supported at both ends by bearings 19 on an underframe 22 provided with
. The sprockets 26 and 26 fixed to are connected by an endless chino 27.

Reference numerals 28 and 28 denote sliding rings fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shafts 24 and 240, and one flange 3 of the pressure-resistant sealed container 1 is positioned between the sliding rings 28 and 28, so that the pressure-resistant sealed container 1 Rotating shaft 24
, 24 horizontally.

Then, the endless chino 27 is operated by the geared motor 29.
If the rotating shafts 24, 24 are rotated in the same direction via the rotating shafts 24, 24, the pressure-resistant sealed container 1 thereon is configured to rotate.

Fig. 6 shows the whole microwave oscillation device, and in the same figure, 30, 30, 30 have frequencies ranging from several megahertz to 25 MHz.
00 MHz microwave oscillation output power 10KW
The microwave oscillator 31 is an irradiation chamber, and the irradiation chamber and each of the oscillators are connected by a waveguide 32, and the microwaves generated by each oscillator are transmitted to the irradiation chamber 31 via each waveguide 32. be gathered together.

33 is an impeller provided on the ceiling of the irradiation chamber 310 to diffuse the microwaves.

Now, while storing the fibers to be dyed in the pressure-tight airtight container 1,
A vacuum pump (not shown) is connected to the intake port 15 to reduce the pressure inside the pressure-resistant sealed container 1 to one atmosphere or less.

Then, the pressure-tight airtight container 1 is placed horizontally on a cart 20, introduced into the irradiation chamber 31, and irradiated with microwaves while rotating on the cart 20.

For this reason, the microwaves are irradiated onto the fibers to be dyed in the pressure-resistant closed container 1, the dye solution is heated, and the temperature inside the container increases.

Eventually, the dye liquor boils and its vapor saturates the container, melting and diffusing the dye molecules into the molecules in the fibers and promoting fixation.

The pressure inside the pressure-resistant airtight container 1 rises as the temperature rises, but if the degree of pressure reduction is predetermined in relation to the amount of dye liquid, it is possible to boil the container at less than 1 atm.
It is also possible to maintain the temperature below 0°C.

In addition, if there is a part of the fiber to be dyed where the humidity rises quickly, the heat of vaporization is taken away from that part by the evaporation of the dye liquid, and the vapor saturates the pressure-resistant sealed container 1, thereby heating the part where the temperature rises slowly. The entire fiber can be heated uniformly within the container.

Moreover, if the pressure-resistant sealed container 1 is rotated during microwave irradiation, the microwave can be uniformly irradiated, and the rotational movement also has an effect of stirring the fibers to be dyed within the pressure-resistant sealed container 1, making it ideal. This enables uniform heating.

Furthermore, when storing the fibers 2 to be dyed in the pressure-resistant airtight container 1, if the fibers 2 to be dyed are placed in a cloth bag (not shown) and housed together with the cloth bag in the container 1, the cloth bag can be stored in the container 1. interposes between the inner wall surface of the container 1 and the fibers to be dyed 2 and acts as a heat insulator, so that the heat generated by the fibers to be dyed 2 is prevented from being absorbed by the walls of the container 1 as much as possible. .

Therefore, the problem of the fibers 2 to be dyed coming into contact with the inner wall surface of the container 1 and inhibiting the temperature rise can be easily solved by using such a heat insulating material such as a cloth bag.

After being irradiated with microwaves, the device is left in a warm state for a certain period of time without opening the lid 8.

Note that dyeing is generally impossible in a dry state, so even in the above case, the fibers to be dyed are soaked in a sufficient amount of dye solution in advance so as to have a sufficient amount of dye solution to saturate the inside of the pressure-resistant sealed container 1 with dye solution vapor. Needless to say, it must be kept moist.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show an example of continuous microwave irradiation for a large number of pressure-tight airtight containers 1, where 34 is a loading port, 35 is an irradiation area, 36 is an extraction port,
37 is a waveguide provided in the irradiation area, and 38 is an impeller.

The pressure-resistant sealed container 1 charged from the charging port 34 is connected to the motor 39
Two parallel round bar-shaped rails 4 rotated by the power of
0, and is pushed in the direction of the arrow on the rail 40 by the forward and backward movement of the piston rod of the cylinder 41, while being rotated and irradiated with microwaves to open the extraction port 3.
6.

The fibers to be dyed in the pressure-resistant closed container 1 are ideally and uniformly heated by microwave irradiation, as in the case shown in FIG. 6 described above.

As described in the embodiments above, the present invention is to irradiate the fiber to be dyed with microwaves under a predetermined reduced pressure in a pressure-tight sealed container of a fixed volume or an airtight microwave irradiation chamber with a pressure-tight sealed structure. It boils at a low temperature of 100° C. or less and can ideally and uniformly heat the fibers to be dyed, making it possible to uniformly fix the dye and eliminate uneven dyeing.

In addition, microwave energy uniformly heats the fibers to be dyed from deep inside, which is completely different from conventional external heating methods, allowing the fixing process to be carried out quickly and in a short period of time, resulting in an extremely high throughput and a high processing capacity. It consumes less and can greatly contribute to reducing processing costs.

Furthermore, since it can be boiled at a low temperature depending on the degree of pressure reduction, it has various beneficial effects such as preventing damage due to heat even in the case of fiber materials that are sensitive to high temperatures.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show examples of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view of a pressure-tight airtight container, Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof, Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of an intake valve, and Fig. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view of a pressure-tight airtight container. 5 is a side view of the trolley, FIG. 6 is a partially sectional side view showing the entire microwave oscillation device, and FIG. 7 is an example of a continuous processing device. The longitudinal cross-sectional view shown in Fig. 8 is the X-
It is an X-ray cross-sectional view. 1... Pressure-resistant airtight container, 2... Fiber to be dyed, 8... Opening/closing lid, 11... Intake valve,
20... Cart, 24... Rotating shaft, 30
...Microwave oscillator, 32... Waveguide.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Store fibers to be dyed, such as thread-like, cloth-like, or loose hair-like fibers moistened with dye liquid, in a pressure-tight airtight container with an airtight opening/closing lid molded from a microwave-transparent material, and place the inside of the pressure-tight airtight container. A fiber dyeing method using microwaves, characterized in that after the pressure is reduced to below atmospheric pressure, microwaves emitted from a microwave oscillator are irradiated onto the fibers to be dyed in the pressure-resistant sealed container.