JPS5827723B2 - pantograph - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a puncture graph for a vehicle that collects current through sliding contact with an overhead wire.

In general, catenary wires undergo relatively gradual large-amplitude displacement due to irregularities in the height of each support point of the catenary and sagging of the catenary between each support point, and changes due to unevenness caused by wavy wear on the surface of the catenary. It has a steep displacement with small amplitude.

Conventionally, a puncture graph as shown in FIG. 1 has been used to follow the displaced overhead wire and collect current effectively.

Punkgraph frame 3 is attached to the roof 1 of the vehicle via an insulator 2
is supported, and this pantograph frame 3 is pushed up by the push-up spring 4.
is pushed upward by

The pantograph frame 3-F- is connected to the overhead wire 6 via the restoration spring 5.
A current collector boat 7 is attached to make sliding contact with the current collector boat 7.

The pantograph frame 3, which generates the push-L force by the spring 4, can be moved vertically by a link mechanism having a pin joint, and is configured so that the push-up blade does not change greatly.

Therefore, this backgraph can sufficiently follow the displacement of the overhead wire, which changes slowly even if the amplitude is large.

However, even if the amplitude is small due to irregularities on the surface of the overhead wire, it becomes impossible to follow a sudden displacement of the overhead wire because the mass of the punk graph frame 3 has a large displacement.

In order to improve the tracking of the pankgraph for r (such as a sudden change in the overhead wire) even if the amplitude is small, a restoring spring 5 is provided, and this restoring spring 5 allows a relatively small mass to be The current collector boat 7 can be pushed up with a large acceleration so that it can follow a displacement with a small amplitude and a steep change.

However, as the speed of the vehicle decreases, the change in the contact line due to the irregularities on the surface of the contact line becomes even steeper, so even the restoring spring 5 cannot cause the collector boat to follow the contact line.

When the pantograph is no longer able to follow the overhead wires, the wires repeatedly move in and out of contact, causing arcing. This not only increases wear and tear on the overhead wires and collector boats, but also causes radio wave interference due to the arcing, and the noise caused by the arcing. The machine noise generated by the take-off and arrival tracks also has a negative impact on the area surrounding the routes.
I can do it.

For this reason, in order to improve the bank graph's current collection ability, as well as to reduce the negative impact on the area around the line, we have improved the high-speed tracking of the bank graph and the occurrence of track separation. It is strongly desired to reduce the

In response to these demands, the conventional methods have been to reduce the mass of the collector boat or increase the pushing force.
Efforts have been made to increase the response speed to the displacement of the catenary of the collector boat and to improve its followability at high speeds.

However, there is a limit to the amount by which the mass of the current collector can be reduced in order to obtain the required mechanical strength and characteristics of the current collector.

Further, if the contact force between the overhead wire and the current collector boat is increased by increasing the push-L force, the wear of the overhead wire and the current collector boat increases, so there is a limit to the increase in the push-up blade.

For this reason, it is quite difficult to improve the tracking MJE of the punk graph further than it currently is under the current state of affairs.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome these four difficulties and provide a puncture graph that has good followability at high speed and less occurrence of disconnection.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a pankgraph that collects current by sliding contact with the catenary. A detection device for detecting the contact force with the boat, and a push-up device that pushes up the collector boat when the detection device detects that the contact force has become smaller than a specified value are provided, and the push-up device operates to push up the current collector boat. It is characterized by the provision of a timer mechanism that holds it for a certain period of time.

An actual case of this invention will be explained below based on the drawings.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the entire structure of a punk graph according to an embodiment of the present invention.

A bank graph frame 13 is supported by an insulating insulator 12 fixed to the roof 11 of the vehicle, and the bank graph frame 13 is pushed upward by a spring 14.

A detection push-up device 18, which is a combination of a detection device and a push-up device, is provided between the restoring spring 15 on the puncture graph frame 13 and the current collector IN-17 that is in sliding contact with the overhead wire 16. .

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the back of the punk graph of the present invention shown in FIG.

The detection push-up device 18 includes a cylinder 19 and an opening 20 of an on-off valve.
A piston 23 for hydraulically pushing up the collector boat 17 through a rod 22, and a poppet 24 connected to the piston 23 and forming an on-off valve together with an opening portion 20.

Furthermore, the body 21 has a fluid port 25 leading to the opening 20 of the on-off valve, and an outflow "126" in the lower part of the cylinder 19.
There is.

The hydraulic power source 27 is connected to the inlet 25 via a throttle valve 28, and an accumulator 29 is connected between the throttle valve 28 and the inlet [-2] 25.

The accumulator 29 has a cylinder 30, a piston 31 and a spring 32.

The outflow +=126 is connected to the tank 34 via the throttle valve 33, and the oil in the tank 34 is returned to the hydraulic source 27.

The opening area of the throttle valve 28 is set to be considerably smaller than the opening area of the throttle valve 33.

Next, the operation of the pantograph according to the above-mentioned practical example of the present invention will be explained.

Assume that the current collecting boat 17 is in sliding contact with the overhead wire 16 having irregularities in its sliding movement to collect current as shown in Figure 4.

When the collector boat 17 is in sliding contact with the upward concave portion A of the uneven portion of the overhead wire 16, this concave portion A springs back against the collector boat 17 (150) and moves in the opposite direction against the pushing force. Since the contact force between the overhead wire 16 and the current collector boat 17 increases, the current collector boat 17 does not separate from the overhead wire 16.

However, the current collector boat 17 is located at the downward curve B of the uneven portion of the overhead wire 16.
When the contact line 16 is in sliding contact with the contact line 16, the convex part B of the contact line 16 applies an acceleration in the same direction as the pushing force of the restoring spring 15 to the current collector boat 17, so that the contact line 16 and the current collector The contact force with the boat 17 decreases, and when the acceleration becomes larger than the acceleration caused by the push-up blade of the restoring spring 15, the contact force becomes O, and the current collector boat 1
7 separates from the overhead wire 16.

I will now explain this in a little more detail.

P
o1 The contact force between the rack net and the current collector boat 17 is F1 The total mass of the current collector boat 17, the rod 22, the piston 23, and the poppet 24 is Ml, The force acting on the main body 21 of the detection push-up device 18 is P2, This is M2 is the mass of Let Pl be the force that pushes up the poppet 24 due to the contact force between the hydraulic pressure of the section 20 and the valve seat.
The following relationship is established between them when they are in contact with the valve seat of the main body 21 and the valve seat I.24.

That is, the force P1 acting on the poppet 24 has the following relationship, and the force P2 that accelerates the current collector boat 1γ and the detection push-up device 18 as a unit is P2-Po-F2(M1@-M2)A1.・・・・・・(
2).

From this equation (2), the contact force F between the overhead wire 16 and the current collector boat 17 is determined by the following equation (3).

F = Po −(M,, −M2) A, , −・
-...-...-(3) As is clear from this equation (3), the acceleration A1 increases, and (Ml + M2) A
, 'i P o, the contact force F becomes O, and the collector boat 17 separates from the overhead wire 16.

Further, the following equation can be obtained from the above equations (1) and (2).

As is clear from equation (4), the force P1 acting on the poppet 24 is related to the contact force F and the push-up blade Po of the spring 15, but the acceleration A1 due to the unevenness of the overhead wire 16 is
P by the push-up blade Po of the restoring spring 15.

When the acceleration Ao- given by is exceeded, M10M2 becomes a separation state and the contact force F becomes 0, so P111P
o M, Potato M2 and Na6.007 Push-up blade Po for restoring spring 15 and mass of each part M1. Since M2 is a constant value, the force Ps that pushes up the poppet 24 is determined by the opening area of the on-off valve and the pressure of the oil reflected in the opening 20.
If you select a value that is equal to Po-1±-, M1+M2, or slightly larger than this, when the collector boat 17 approaches separation from the line and the contact force F decreases to nearly 0, the hydraulic pressure of the poppet 24 ■ The upper blade ps becomes larger than P o - once -, and the poppets M1 + M2 1 and 24 are struck by the hydraulic pressure, and this poppet 2
The disconnection of the current collector boat 17 can be detected by the operation in step 4.

In the puncture graph of the practical example of this invention, the hydraulic pressure applied from the hydraulic source 27 and the area of the opening 20 are determined so that the force Ps pushed up by the hydraulic pressure of the poppet 24 is as follows.

Therefore, the current collector boat 17 at the downward convex portion of the overhead wire 16
Acceleration thinking towards one person, but the restoration splash 15 push-
The collector boat 17 follows the displacement of the overhead wire 16 and comes into contact with the overhead wire 10 while it is smaller than the acceleration Ao in the direction given by the L force Po.

Therefore, in this state, a predetermined contact force F is applied to the collector boat 17, so the force P1 acting on the poppet 24 is stronger than the push-up blade Ps produced by the hydraulic pressure, and therefore the opening 20 is closed by the poppet 24. ing.

Therefore, the current collector boat 17 and the detection push-up device 18 work together to follow the irregularities of the overhead wire 16 by the push-up blade of the restoration spring 15, and oil flows into the negative accumulator 29 because the on-off valve is closed. The force of the spring 32 pushes the piston 31 to the left, and the accumulator 29 is in a state where oil is accumulated in the cylinder 30.

When the unevenness of the overhead wire 16 suddenly changes or the sliding speed of the collector boat 17 increases, the acceleration A1 in the -1=direction with respect to the collector boat 17 due to the protrusion of the gate of the overhead wire 16 becomes
increases, the contact force F decreases, and the current collector boat 17 approaches separation from the track.

When the acceleration A1 exceeds the value of the upward acceleration reflected on the collector boat 17 by the push-up blade Po of the restoring blade 15, the collector boat 17 can no longer follow the overhead wire 16 and separates from the overhead wire 16. , the contact force F between the collector boat 17 and the overhead wire 16 is O.

When the contact force F becomes O in this way, the force P1 acting on the poppet 24 is P, = P, as is clear from equation (4).
o M, potato M2, which is smaller than the pushing-up blade Ps due to the hydraulic pressure of the opening 20.

As a result, the poppet 24 is pushed up by the hydraulic pressure, so that it separates from the valve seat of the opening 20 and moves from the opening 20 to the main body 1.
Oil flows into the cylinder 19 of 8, and hydraulic pressure is applied to the piston 23.

Since the pressure receiving area of the piston 23 is selected to be larger than the pressure receiving area of the poppet 24, the piston 23 receives a force Ps larger than Ps.

The current collector boat 17 is pushed up.

As a result of this pushing up action, the restoring spring 15 is further compressed by the stroke of the piston 23, so the pushing force of the restoring spring 15 increases, causing a large upward acceleration A to the collector boat 17.

Therefore, the collector boat 17 can follow the sudden uneven displacement of the overhead wire 16.

As mentioned above, when the restoring spring 15 is unnecessarily compressed, the difference in force between the push-up blades caused by the spring 14 is applied downward to the puncture graph frame 13, but the bank graph frame 13 is suddenly compressed due to its mass. Spring that does not fall and restores for a certain period of time 15
can be left in an unnecessarily compressed state.

Also in the hydraulic circuit, oil that flows into the cylinder 19 from the on-off valve flows out from the outlet 26 through the throttle valve 33 and into the tank 34, but while the oil accumulated in the accumulator rake 29 is being discharged, it passes through the throttle valve 28. The oil from the hydraulic source 27 and the oil discharged from the accumulator lake 29 merge, and a large amount of oil passes through the throttle valve 33, creating a pressure difference before and after it, causing the oil in the cylinder 19 to have pressure. The pressure of the oil and the force generated by the masonry piston 23 push up the collector boat 17, and the reaction force is generated by the piston 23.
The restoration blade 15 continues to be compressed by an additional stroke of .

When the oil is no longer discharged from the accumulation rake 29, the oil passing through the throttle valve 33 is transferred to the hydraulic source 27 through the throttle valve 28.
Only the oil from above is used.

Since the opening area of the throttle valve 28 is smaller than that of the throttle valve 33, there is no difference in oil pressure before and after the throttle valve 33.

Therefore, the pressure of the oil in the cylinder 19 disappears, the piston 23 descends and the poppet 24 closes the on-off valve, and the restoring spring 15 is no longer compressed, and the overhead wire 16 and collector boat 17
The contact force F with will be a normal value.

As described above, in the puncture graph of the present invention, the poppet 2 detects the contact force F between the overhead wire 16 and the current collector boat 17.
When the contact force F decreases below a predetermined value as the contact force F decreases below a predetermined value due to an increase in acceleration caused by the unevenness of the contact line 16 against the current collector boat 17, this is detected and the accumulator 29 is activated in the cylinder 19 of the lifting device. Pressure oil is supplied for a predetermined time determined by the release time, and the piston 23 is pushed up. The reaction force causes the restoring spring 15 to be compressed by an amount corresponding to the stroke of the piston 23, thereby increasing the push-up blade of the collector boat 17. ing.

As a result, when the collector boat 17 approaches the contact line, a large upward acceleration is applied for a predetermined period of time, so the contact force between the collector boat 17 and the overhead wire 16 increases, and the collector boat 17 is properly attached to the overhead wire 16. It can be followed.

Incidentally, there is a phenomenon in which the disconnection of the puncture graph that occurs during the operation of a high-speed electric vehicle occurs continuously in a relatively limited section.

This is thought to be because the irregularities on the surface of the overhead wire, which cause rapid changes in minute displacements to the overhead wire, are formed by wavy wear of the overhead wire.

Wavy wear on overhead wires is caused by the fact that when the overhead wire is separated from the wire for some reason, the arc generated at that time damages the overhead wire and creates unevenness on the overhead wire. This is a phenomenon in which the pantograph becomes detached from the line again due to the unevenness, and this phenomenon in which new unevenness is formed is repeated, and the wear and tear on the overhead wire increases in a wave-like manner.

Therefore, the locations where minute irregularities occur due to wavy wear on the overhead wire are limited to a relatively limited section, and the locations where the line disconnection occurs in the puncture graph are also limited.

The time limit for the pushing up operation recorded by the timer such as the Agum Lake 29 of the pushing up device in this invention is set to a constant time in accordance with the passage time of the above-mentioned section of the overhead wire where wavy wear occurs.

In this way, in the puncture graph of the present invention, while traveling on a normal section of the overhead wire without irregularities, the current collecting boat maintains contact determined by the predetermined push-up blade provided by the push-up spring 14 and the restoring spring 15. It is in sliding contact with the overhead wire 17 due to force.

However, when the collector boat enters a section with unevenness due to wave-like wear, etc., and the first sudden unevenness causes the collector boat to approach or leave the track, and the contact force decreases below the specified value, the push-up device causes the collector boat to -・The number of push-up blades will be increased for a certain period of time.

Therefore, when the current collector boat passes through an uneven section of the overhead wire, the contact force between the current collector boat and the overhead wire increases, the current collector boat follows the unevenness of the overhead wire, and the occurrence of separation from the wire is prevented.

The push-up blade of the collector boat is lowered to the original push-up blade after a certain period of time, but at this time, the push-up blade is lowered because the collector boat is passing through a section where a gate shape is generated due to wavy wear of the overhead wire. It follows the overhead wire without leaving the track even when the wire is overloaded.

As explained above, this issue 1-! J-4's puncture graph detects when the contact force between the overhead wire and the collector boat changes, causing the boat to be stuck in front of the line, or when the boat is out of line, and then moves the boat for a certain period of time. Since the push-up device increases the push-L and push-up blades, the follow-up ability of the collector boat increases in sections where there are sharp irregularities on the overhead wire, and the occurrence of line separation is prevented. , it is possible to reduce the occurrence of radio interference, arc noise, and mechanical noise caused by the disconnection of the puncture graph, and has the effect of reducing the negative impact on the surrounding area.

In addition, in this invention, the push-up blade of the collector boat is not constantly increased, but the push-up blade is increased only for a short time after detecting a state approaching the line separation. The practical value of this invention is extremely low, since the wear of the cable is small and this does not increase the frequency of replacement of the catenary and collector boat.

In the actual flame example, oil was used as the working fluid of the lifting device, but it goes without saying that a gaseous fluid such as air may also be used.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the configuration of a conventional punk graph.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing an actual winding example of a puncture graph according to the present invention, Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing an actual winding example of the main part of the invention, and Fig. 4 is a section of an overhead wire used for explaining the present invention. FIG. 13... Punk graph frame, 15... Restoration spring, 16... Catenary wire, 17... Current collector boat, 18... Detection push-up Device, 20...
Opening, 23...Piston, 24...
Poppet, 28... Throttle valve, 29...
Accumulator, 33... Throttle valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a pantograph that collects current through sliding contact with an overhead wire, there is provided a detection device that detects when the contact force between the overhead wire and the current collection boat has become smaller than a specified value, and a pantograph on the pantograph frame. A device is provided between the restoration spring and the collector boat, and pushes the collector boat when the detection device detects that the contact force between the overhead wire and the collector boat has become smaller than a specified value. and a timer mechanism that keeps the pushing up operation time of the pushing up device constant, and the pushing up device operates for a certain period of time from the time when it is detected that the contact force between the overhead wire and the collector boat becomes smaller than a specified value. A pantograph characterized by increasing the push-up blade of the collector boat. 2. In the pantograph according to claim 1, the pushing up device comprises an actuator operated by pressure fluid, and the detecting device comprises an opening/closing valve having an opening smaller than the pressure receiving area of the Acuna-Taviston. A puncture graph characterized in that a poppet of the on-off valve is coupled to a piston of the actuator, and pressure fluid is introduced to the actuator through the on-off valve. 3. The puncture graph according to claim 1, wherein the push-up device comprises an actuator operated by pressure fluid, and the time limit mechanism comprises a pressure fluid accumulator and a throttle valve.