JPS5826975B2 - Ground material particle shape adjustment device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Explanation of the Summary The invention of this application is based on the method of crushing raw materials that have been subjected to the normal crushing action by a show crusher, cone crusher, etc. through a member such as an oscillating grinding plate. give action,
The present invention relates to a grinding material particle shape adjusting device that adjusts the particle shape including particle size adjustment and is capable of processing construction aggregates, etc., close to natural particle shapes. This device relates to a particle shape adjustment device in which the ground material discharged from the grinding member is retained at a predetermined level by an adjusting face piece provided at the bottom of the grinding member, and the retention allows the grinding function to sufficiently contribute to grain shape adjustment. It is.

Conventional technology Conventionally, in so-called compression type crushers such as brake crushers, single toggle crushers, and gyratory crushers, cone crushers, etc., due to their structure, the bulk raw material is supplied from above from above to perform compression crushing, and the material below the outlet gap is compressed and crushed. It is used in the production of construction materials such as aggregates in the form of granules, and is widely used due to its advantages such as low product costs due to low consumable parts and reduced maintenance costs.

The seed compression type crusher intermittently expands and contracts the crushing gap in a cycle by swinging one or the other of the pair of opposing crushing surfaces, thereby creating a lower outlet gap between the two crushing surfaces. The above-mentioned bulk raw material is fed, compressed and crushed, and the crushed particles are smoothly discharged by gravity from the exit gap.

Problems with the Prior Art Therefore, the filling rate of crushed particles in the crushing gap is basically low, and the state in which the crushed particles are inserted into the crushing gap is a state in which a single layer is formed, filled and fed, and as long as this is the case, the crushing rate is low. Grinding actions such as abrasion and compression between the particles before and after the particles virtually never occur, and as a result, many of the particles are flat or have long flaws along the crushing gap, and the raw materials are in a coarsely crushed state. However, this method has the disadvantage of producing irregularly shaped crushed products having many sharp points such as secondary crushing.

Therefore, when the seed-producing crushed material is used, for example, as concrete aggregate, pore changes during concrete curing,
There is a risk that troubles such as the above-mentioned acute-angled protrusions protruding onto the surface may occur, which makes it difficult to use the product as it is as a final product such as X construction materials.

However, on the demand side such as in the construction market, there is a very strong need for natural cobblestone and sand-like artificial wave layer still objects due to various conditions.

Therefore, although it is possible to recycle the crushed products and pass them through the compression type crusher multiple times, most of the products pass smoothly through the exit gap due to gravity, and there is no particle shape adjustment function. However, there are disadvantages that do not substantially change even when formed in a series multi-membrane plant.

In addition, in order to obtain fine particles equivalent to the ground product of a grinder, the outlet gap must be designed to be narrow, but in this type of embodiment, the crushed material that is simply crushed in the passing process. is strongly solidified in the compression process, resulting in a so-called bucking phenomenon, which inconveniently places an excessive load on each mechanical part, making it impossible to actually operate.

To deal with this, the primary crushed product from the compression type crusher is fed to an impact type crusher to improve the coarse particle shape, or it is fed to a rod mill or ball mill to improve the fine particles. I come and go.

However, in the former case, the striking element, striking plate, and collision plate are extremely worn, and the degree of wear is proportional to the degree of grain shape improvement, leading to increased maintenance costs and frequent suspension of operations for repairs. In addition to its disadvantages, it is also disadvantageous in that it is not very effective in improving the grain shape of grains of 5 or less.

On the other hand, rod mills and ball mills have extremely high power consumption, and therefore have the disadvantage of high running costs, as well as the need for careful readjustments such as classification of fine particles.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention of this application is to solve the problem of improving the particle shape in the material for use of crushed materials based on the above-mentioned prior art, and to This is an excellent crushed material particle shape adjustment device that is useful for the field of crushed material utilization in the construction industry, by having the adjustment facepiece face up and having a discharge choke function to give the crushed material retention and sufficient particle shape adjustment. This is what we intend to provide.

Structure of the Invention The structure of the invention of this application, which is based on the above-mentioned claims in accordance with the above-mentioned object, is to supply a primary crushed material crushed in a predetermined manner by a show crusher or the like from above to grind between a pair of relative swinging members. In the process of grinding in the crushing gap and discharging from the discharge gap from the lower entrance via the laterally extending adjustment face piece,
The product discharge is blocked by the discharge gap of the adjusting face body which is fixed or adjusted, and the stagnation due to the blocking effect spreads to the grinding gap and causes the ground material to accumulate, and in the retention process, the ground material is mutually removed. The weak points are crushed by the sliding contact, compression, and crushing action of This is a technical measure that allows for intermittent discharge in non-gravity conditions.

Embodiments Next, embodiments of the invention of this application will be described below based on the drawings.

The basic principle of the invention of this application is shown in FIGS. 1-2, 3a-3f, and 4a-4g. The figure shows, for example, one for processing large-sized crushed materials, and the opposing fixed side walls 1,
A fixed grinding member 3 and a swinging grinding member 4 facing the member 3 are provided to form a closed space as a grinding gap B.

In addition, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a mantle-shaped oscillating grinding material 4 fixedly attached to a cone-shaped grinding member 3 is provided so as to be eccentrically rotatable, and a closed space B serving as a grinding gap is created between the two. is formed.

As shown in FIGS. 3a to 3f, a variation of the aspect of the A-A cross-sectional longitudinal section of the aspect of FIGS. 1 and 2 is as shown in FIGS. 3a to 3f. The adjusting face piece 6 is connected to the lower part of the swinging grinding member 4 through the side discharge gap 7 in a state where it chokes the lower opening 5 of the swinging grinding member 4 and the fixed grinding member 3 provided through the swing grinding member 4 . It is provided.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3a, the adjustment face piece 6 is of a fixed type.
The embodiment shown in the figure is an example of an embodiment in which the adjustment face piece 61 is pivotally supported by the base 8 so that the closing angle θ of the discharge gap 7 can be adjusted, and the embodiment shown in FIG. A mode in which the occlusion area is adjusted by sliding on the surface,
The embodiment shown in Fig. 3d is a combination S of Figs. 3b and 3c, and the embodiment shown in Fig. 3e has a choke plate 9 disposed in front of the fixed adjustment face piece 6 to measure the choke of the discharge gap 7. The embodiment shown in Fig. 3f is a modification of Fig. 3e, in which a choke body 10 is reversibly placed on the front surface of the adjustment face piece 6, and the discharge gap 7 is also adjusted. It was made so that it could be done.

In either mode, the expansion/contraction operation of the oscillating grinding member 4 with respect to the fixed grinding member 3 performs preferential grinding of the crushed material supplied from above, and the crushed material is blocked in the outlet gap and is ground. It spreads and stays in the gap B, is ground, and is discharged from the side discharge gap 7.

Furthermore, in the embodiments shown in FIG. 3b and subsequent figures, the discharge gap 7 is adjusted to have a gap amount.Thus, preferential grinding is adjusted.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 3a to 3f above has one fixed grinding member 3,
Regarding the other oscillating grinding member 4, FIGS. 4a to 4g show a mode in which both oscillating grinding members 4, 4 expand and contract oppositely, and the one in FIG. 4a is a fixed type, and the one in FIG. The one in Fig. 4b is the turning adjustable type corresponding to Fig. 3b, and the one in Fig. 4c is the one in Fig. 3e.
Figure 4b is a variable choke type corresponding to the figure, Figure 4b is an adjustment surface sliding type corresponding to Figure 3c, Figure 4e is an adjustment face choke type corresponding to Figure 3f, and Figure 4f is an adjustment face piece 6'' with an opening 5. This is a system in which the discharge gap 7 is adjusted by moving toward and away from the pump in parallel, and FIG. 4g shows a turning adjustment type that corresponds to FIG. 3b.

Next, in the embodiment of FIG. 3a, the grain shape adjustment effect by grinding,
To explain the process with reference to FIGS. 5a to 5e, for example, the primary crushed material 12 of a predetermined particle size containing many elongated and flat irregularly shaped particles is sent to the upper supply section 1 using a gyratory crusher or the like.
1 is supplied in a constant quantity so that the crushing gap B is filled at a regular time, and the opening 5 is opened from the upper part to the lower part in the state shown in Fig. 5a.
fill up to

During this time, in the initial state, the crushed material 1 is slightly smaller than the discharge gap 7.
2 may be ejected.

Next, through a predetermined cycle, the oscillating grinding member 4 approaches the stationary grinding member 3 by applying a compressive action as shown in FIG. 5b, and the crushed material 12 in the grinding gap B is flattened and It is microscopically fractured and crushed at the weak points of the flawed particles, and is further subjected to strong sliding action along with the sharp points,
Overall, it will receive preferential grinding.

Incidentally, by appropriately performing the rocking operation during this time, it is possible to prevent unnecessary generation of fine powder and the like.

Therefore, the ground material 1 is discharged from the lower opening 5 and the discharge gap 7.
The discharge of 3 does not occur due to lateral frictional forces through the angle of repose.

Next, when the oscillating grinding member 4 is retreated as shown in FIG. 5c, the grinding gap B is enlarged, and the ground material 13 whose average particle shape is close to spherical falls from the opening 5 due to gravity. , the downward downward pressing force increases, overcomes the angle of repose, slides the adjustment face piece 6 laterally, and is discharged from the discharge gap 7. On the other hand, the crushed material 12 is filled into the grinding gap B from above. Since the grinding is carried out continuously as described above, the grinding gap B is always kept full.

In addition, in the initial process, particles with a poor grain shape may be discharged.

The compression preferential grinding process of FIG. 5d and the discharge filling process of FIG. 5e are then repeated.

In the above-mentioned preferential grinding process, due to the angle of repose and friction mentioned above, the ground material 13 is intermittently discharged only when the oscillating grinding member 4 retreats, and during compression, it is blocked and a retention action is given to the crushed material, which is continuously blocked. In order to prevent the material from falling, the crushed material 1 in the grinding gap B is
Since the particles 2 are repeatedly compressed, crushed, broken, and abraded each time they are intermittent lowered, they are preferentially ground by the combined effects of these actions, and the particle shape is adjusted to a nearly spherical shape before being discharged.

The above embodiment is for the case of Fig. 3a, but it is exactly the same for the case of Fig. 4a, and in the case of Fig. 3b and below, and Fig. 4b and below, the adjustment and adjustment of the discharge gap 7 of the adjustment face piece 6 described above By making the surface area variable, it is possible to further finely control the grinding caused by the blockage, and it is possible to operate under optimal conditions.

Incidentally, as shown in the above embodiment, the lower opening 5 in the tapered configuration of the grinding gap B is designed to be sufficiently wide to allow the free passage of the grinding particles, and the particles of the crushed material 12 and the ground material 13 in the grinding gap B are designed to be sufficiently wide. An adjustment face member 6 is installed so that the mutual preferential grinding is sufficiently performed, and the amount discharged through the discharge gap 7 is smaller than the amount passed through the opening 5 due to free gravity, or Make adjustments.

Next, to explain the above model aspect with respect to the actual brake crusher shown in FIG. 6, the oscillating grinding member 4 expands and contracts the grinding space B to a predetermined extent due to troubles 14 and 15 compared to the fixed grinding member 3. A pin is attached below the lower opening 5 of the grinding gap B to the fixed grinding member 3 below the bracket 16 and separate from the fixed grinding member 3 with a slight gap therebetween. A plate of the adjustment face body 6 having a predetermined length is pivotally supported by the bracket 16, and its front part is supported by inserting pins 19 into adjustment holes 18 and 18' vertically spaced at a predetermined distance from each other in the bracket 16. The discharge gap 7 is adjusted by making it variable.

Therefore, this embodiment has the embodiment design shown in FIG. 3b.

When the primary crushed material is continuously fed from the upper part 11, preferential grinding is performed in the same manner as described above, and the crushed material whose particle shape has been improved is intermittently discharged.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the invention of this application, the primary crushed material crushed by a crusher such as a show crusher or a gyratory crusher is filled into the grinding gap of the relative oscillating grinding member and ground. By providing the adjusting face body facing the lower opening of the grinding gap through the side discharge gap, the ground material is retained in the grinding gap when the adjusting face is blocked as described above. As a result, preferential grinding actions such as compression, abrasion, and crushing mainly occur between particles through the expansion and contraction action in the retention process, and as a result, flattened primary crushed objects and weak points in long, flawed objects are broken and crushed. The powder is exfoliated, the sharp points are abraded, and the particles are ground into spherical bodies similar to natural particles, which has the effect of improving the particle shape extremely well. Therefore, the sieve is used as a construction material. Secondary processing such as separation and classification is omitted or significantly reduced.

In addition, since the above-mentioned preferential grinding is mainly carried out between particles, wear and tear on the grinding members is extremely small, which has the secondary advantage of low maintenance costs. Since it is a facing type, it has the advantage of being less movable and causing less wear and tear.

Furthermore, by making the adjustment surface body variable in its angle with respect to the discharge gap, the closing area, etc., it is possible to provide the optimum closing state for the flatness, flaw length, material, etc. of the primary crushed material, and thereby This has the effect of making it possible to perform the most preferable grain shape adjustment.

Further, since the adjusting face body is formed separately from the grinding member, the attitude thereof can be adjusted regardless of the rocking movement.

In that case, if conditions arise where the primary crushed material tends to slip on the inner surface of the grinding member and face the discharge process due to changes in moisture content or the inclusion of sticky mud, the setting state of the adjustment face piece should be adjusted. There are some effects that can be dealt with effectively by doing so.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the invention of this application, and
, 2 are explanatory diagrams of grain shape adjustment grinding gaps, Figures 3a to 3f are explanatory diagrams of cross-sections taken along the line A-A in Figures 1 and 2 of the rocking grinding member type, and Figures 4 are
Figures a to 4g are cross-sectional explanatory diagrams taken along line A-A in Figures 1 and 2 of the two-sided grinding member oscillating type, Figures 5a to 5e are illustrations of the operation process in Figure 3a, and Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the actual machine equivalent to Figure 3b. It is. 12... Crushed material, 4... Rocking grinding member, 1~4°6... Particle shape adjustment device, 3, 4...
... Pair of opposing grinding members, 14, 15... Rocking mechanism, B... Grinding gap, 5... Opening, 7... Discharge gap, 6.6', 6"61.61
', 62, 62, 63, 63' ... Adjustment face piece.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a grinding material particle shape adjusting device having an oscillating grinding member for grinding material, at least one of a pair of opposing grinding members is linked to a swinging mechanism and provided with a variable grinding gap. The grinding material particle shape adjustment is characterized in that the grinding material particle shape adjustment is made up of an adjusting face separate from the grinding member and facing the lower opening of the grinding gap through a side discharge gap. Device. 2. In a grinding material particle shape adjusting device having an oscillating grinding member for crushing material, at least one of the pair of opposing grinding members is linked to a swinging mechanism and provided with a variable grinding gap, and A grinding material particle shape adjusting device characterized in that an adjustment face separate from the grinding member is movably faced to the lower opening of the grinding gap through a side discharge gap.