JPS5824234B2 - Hammer motor - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention provides a crusher, a rock drill, a pile driver, a soil consolidation machine,
and related to hammering power machines such as riveting machines and nailing machines.

Generally, hammer-driven motors are operated by air pressure, as seen in band breakers, etc., so in addition to requiring a compressor as ancillary equipment, they also cause noise pollution and cause dust in the surrounding area due to the exhaust air flow. This has the disadvantage of causing dust pollution as it rises at an angle.

For this reason, attention is being paid to a hydraulically operated hammering power machine that can overcome these drawbacks and can be installed on civil engineering and construction machines that are normally equipped with a hydraulic system.

However, recent band breakers etc.
Although it is required to perform zero hammering on the order of several times, a control valve capable of such high-speed operation has not yet been provided.

This invention was developed under the above circumstances, and its purpose is to be able to perform high-speed hammering action in a hydraulically operated type, to have a simple structure, and to have a large impact force. It is an object of the present invention to provide a practical hammering power machine which can be obtained easily and has good operability.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical main body, and the inside thereof is provided with a cylinder chamber 2 that opens at the proximal end surface of the main body 10, and a tool attachment hole 3 that communicates with this cylinder chamber 2 and opens at the distal end surface of the main body 1. It is being

A proximal end portion of a tool 40, such as a chisel, is slidably inserted into the tool attachment hole 3.

This tool 4 has a groove 5 formed along the axial direction, into which a fixed shaft 6 attached to the tip of the main body 1 is inserted.
This fixed shaft 6 limits the axial movement of the tool 4 to a predetermined range.

The proximal opening surface of the main body 10 is closed with a closing member 7 attached by screwing or other suitable means, and kept airtight by an O-ring 8 or the like.

A piston 9 as a striking body is housed in the cylinder chamber 2 of the main body 1 so as to be slidable in the axial direction.

This piston 9 is provided with a small diameter part that comes into sliding contact with the small diameter part of the cylinder chamber 2 on the lower surface of the large diameter part that comes into sliding contact with the large diameter part of the cylinder chamber 2, and the large diameter part is formed into a cylindrical shape. A pressure oil chamber 10 is formed between the large diameter portion of the cylinder chamber 20 and the large diameter portion of the cylinder chamber 20.

The main body 1 also has a valve seat 1 facing the lower end of the pressure oil chamber 10, for example.
a bypass passage 1b which bypasses the valve seat 1a and communicates the pressure oil chamber 10 and the cylinder chamber 2;
This is provided.

Furthermore, in the cylinder chamber 2 of the main body 1, there is a pressure accumulator body 12 which has a bottomed cylindrical shape and has a guide cylinder part 11 integrally protruding from the center of its outer bottom surface, and the pressure accumulator body 12 has a periphery of its outer bottom surface connected to the upper end of the large diameter part of the piston 90. A pressure accumulation chamber 13 is formed between this and the closing member 7, and an oil chamber 14 is formed between it and the cylindrical large diameter portion of the piston 9. ing.

Gas, preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen gas, is sealed in the pressure accumulating chamber 13 at a predetermined pressure (for example, 20 kg/crA).

A pressure regulating valve (not shown) is provided in the gas injection hole (not shown) provided in the main body 1, and the pressure is supplied to the pressure accumulation chamber 1 via this.
The gas pressure inside 3 can be set arbitrarily.

In addition, the piston 9 has a valve chamber 15 formed along the axial direction with its upper end open to the oil chamber 14, and a narrow high-pressure oil chamber 16 that opens at the center of the lower surface of the valve chamber 15. It is.

An annular valve hole 17 communicating with the pressure oil chamber 10 is formed in the intermediate circumferential surface of the valve chamber 15, and the high pressure oil chamber 16 is connected to the oil passage 1.
It communicates with the pressure oil chamber 10 via 8.

That is, one end of the oil passage 18 is connected to the high pressure oil chamber 16, and the other end is provided corresponding to the valve seat 1a, and this other end protrudes from the upper and lower ends of the valve seat 1a as the piston 9 moves up and down. It is designed to communicate with the pressure oil chamber 10 and the bypass passage 1b connected thereto, and is always in communication with the bypass passage 1b.

Note that the oil passage 18 and the passage portion that communicates the pressure oil chamber 10 with the valve hole 17 are both provided radially in the radial direction with respect to the piston 9.

Further, a valve body 19 is slidably inserted into the valve chamber 15 of the piston 9.

The valve body 19 is used to open and close the valve hole 17 by its vertical movement, and its tip is formed with a sloped portion 20 to a small diameter, and the valve chamber 15 is formed around the outer periphery of this small diameter portion. It is secured.

A pressure receiving protrusion 21 is protruded from the center of the lower end surface of the valve body 19 and is slidably inserted into the high pressure oil chamber 16.
A flange portion 22 is formed at the upper end to come into contact with the bottom surface of the cylindrical large diameter portion of the piston 9.

Furthermore, the inside of this valve body 19 is hollow, and the oil chamber 14 and the valve chamber 15 are communicated with each other through a hole 23 formed in the lower part thereof.

Moreover, the valve body 19 is provided with a valve stem 24 that protrudes upward from the inner space thereof, and its upper end is slidably inserted and supported in the guide cylinder portion 11 of the pressure accumulator body 12. The insertion end of the valve rod 24 is adapted to receive gas pressure within the pressure accumulator chamber 13 .

A stopper 25 is protruded from the middle part of the valve stem 24, and this stopper 25 comes into contact with the lower surface of the guide cylinder part 11 to hold the valve body 1.
It is designed to limit the rise of 9.

In the figure, 26 is an oil inlet provided in the main body 1, which introduces oil from a hydraulic pump (not shown) into the pressure oil chamber 10, and 27 is an oil outlet also provided in the main body 1. This is for returning oil from the oil chamber 14 to an oil tank (not shown).

Furthermore, 28 is O for making the sliding part liquid-tight or air-tight.
The ring 29 is a soundproofing material such as urethane buried in the inner bottom surface of the cylinder chamber 2, and this prevents the piston 9 from directly colliding with the inner bottom surface of the cylinder chamber 2 during dry firing.
This is to eliminate the generation of loud impact noises.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

When the pump is driven from the stopped state shown in FIG.
3. Rise while compressing against the gas pressure.

In this case, the oil pressure in the oil chamber 10 acts on the oil passage 18 via the bypass passage 1b, but the oil pressure is canceled here and has no effect on the upward movement of the piston 9.

This rise of the piston 9 causes the pressure accumulator body 1 to
It ends when the upper end of 2 comes into contact with the lower surface of the closing member 7.

In this way, when the piston 9 stops rising, the other end of the oil passage 18 slightly passes over the valve seat 1a and communicates directly with the pressure oil chamber 10, so that the oil in the pressure oil chamber 10 suddenly flows into the oil passage 18. The oil flows into the high-pressure oil chamber 16 through the oil chamber 16, thereby instantaneously securing extremely high oil pressure in the high-pressure oil chamber 16.

Therefore, this oil pressure acts on the pressure-receiving projection 21 of the valve body 19 and pushes the valve body 19 upward, so that the hole 23 of the valve body 19 and the valve hole 17 communicate with each other as shown in FIG.

The upward movement of the valve body 19 is stopped when the stopper 25 comes into contact with the lower surface of the guide tube portion 11 of the pressure accumulator body 120.

Then, the oil in the pressure oil chamber 10 suddenly flows from the valve hole 17 through the hole 23 into the oil chamber 14, and from there returns to the tank through the outlet 27.

Therefore, as the pressure in the pressure oil chamber 10 decreases due to such oil leakage, the piston 9 is suddenly pressed downward by the gas energy accumulated in the pressure accumulation chamber 13, and in this way, the piston 9 Tool 4 as shown
Hit the 0 base end to perform hammering.

In this case, the other end of the oil passage 18 is in a sealed state by sliding on the valve seat 1a until just before the piston 9 is lowered and struck, and the valve body 19 is raised because the pressure in the high pressure oil chamber 16 is secured. It is ma\.

When the other end of the oil passage 18 protrudes from the lower end of the valve seat 1a and the oil pressure in the oil passage 18 escapes to the pressure oil chamber 10 via the bypass passage 1b, the valve body 19 is moved into the pressure accumulation chamber. 13 through the valve stem 24, the valve hole 17 is closed and the pressure receiving protrusion 21 is inserted into the high pressure oil chamber 16, returning to the state shown in FIG.

That is, by repeating the above-described operations, a desired high-speed hammering operation can be obtained.

According to the structure of this hammering power machine, since the striking force of the tool 4 is obtained from the gas energy stored in the pressure accumulating chamber 13, it is possible to obtain an extremely large striking force, and it is proportional to the gas pressure. Accurate impact force can be obtained and there is no variation in impact force.

According to the results of experiments conducted by the applicant, the width is 1 m and the length is 2 m.
A test was conducted to drill holes in a reinforced concrete block in which reinforcing bars with a diameter of 16 mm and different diameters were embedded at intervals of 250 mm in concrete with a width of 250 mm, and reinforcing bars with different diameters of 13 mm in diameter were embedded diagonally at intervals of 200 mm. , it was demonstrated that it penetrated in about 30 seconds and that it was possible to obtain an extremely large impact force that had never been seen before.

In addition, when the impact energy is obtained from the spring force of a coil spring, it is difficult to set an accurate impact force due to variations in the spring constant, and the spring fatigue increases significantly due to the high speed operation. It has the disadvantage that it easily breaks when the striking action is performed more than 200 times, and it becomes even more likely to break if a spring with a large spring force is used to obtain a large striking force.

However, in this example, since the striking force is obtained from gas energy, there are no parts that become fatigued or damaged even when operating at high speed, and high-speed hammering operation can be sustained for a long period of time, making it extremely practical. be.

In this embodiment, the gas in the pressure storage chamber 13 is only compressed during the upward movement of the piston 9, and the upward force of the piston 9 is not transmitted to the closing member 7 due to this compression.

That is, the pressure accumulation chamber 13 becomes a buffer section, and the closing member 7
・Vibration is extremely reduced when operating with a handle etc.

Note that when the impact energy is obtained using a coil spring, the upward force of the piston 9 is transmitted to the closing member 7 via this spring, which has the disadvantage of imparting much larger vibrations to the operator than in the present invention.

Furthermore, since there is no need to use a coil spring, the structure is simpler.

Moreover, according to this structure, since the energy of the gas stored in the pressure storage chamber is used, by adjusting the oil pressure introduced into the pressure oil chamber 10, the speed can be adjusted in response to this oil pressure. Hammering action can be performed at low speed.

Further, in the above embodiment, the valve mechanism was incorporated into the piston, but in this invention, as shown in FIG. A valve mechanism may be provided.

It goes without saying that the valve mechanism includes a valve chamber 15, a high-pressure oil chamber 16, a valve hole 17, a valve body 19, and a guide cylinder portion 11' for guiding the valve rod 24.

In this case, the guide cylinder 11' is formed in the pressure accumulator body 1z, which has an auxiliary pressure accumulation chamber 13' that closes the upper opening of the valve mechanism main body 31 and communicates the inner space with the pressure accumulation chamber 13.

Even in this case, the same effects as in the above-mentioned embodiment can be obtained, so the explanation thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in this invention, the pressure applicator body 13 may be implemented by being connected integrally with the piston 9.

As explained above, this invention uses the energy of the gas sealed in the pressure accumulation chamber to energize the piston and strike the tool.
After the piston is separated from the tool by the oil pressure in the pressure oil chamber, the oil pressure in the pressure oil chamber is guided to a narrow high pressure oil chamber to operate the valve body, and the valve hole is opened to reduce the oil pressure in the pressure oil chamber. The piston is struck by gas energy, and the valve body is then operated to close the valve hole.

Therefore, it is possible to obtain high-speed hammering action according to the hydraulic pressure introduced into the pressure oil chamber without using a coil spring, and the structure is simple, and even though extremely large striking force can be obtained. It is possible to provide a highly practical hammering power machine that has extremely little shock, good operability, and excellent durability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 4 are schematic vertical cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps, and FIG. 5 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a modification of the present invention. 1-...Body, 1a...Valve seat, 1b...
...Bypass passage, 4...Tool, 7...
...Closing member, 9...Piston, 10...
...Pressure oil chamber, 12...Pressure accumulator body, 13...
...Accumulation chamber, 14...Oil output chamber, 15...
...Valve chamber, 16...High pressure oil chamber, 17...
・Valve hole, 18... Oil field, 19... Valve body, 21... Pressure receiving projection, 23... Hole, 2
4.--- Valve stem.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A main body to which a tool is attached and a valve seat, a piston that forms at least a part of a pressure accumulation chamber and is slidably housed in this main body, and a pressure oil chamber formed between this piston and the main body. , a valve hole communicating with this pressure oil chamber, a valve body biased by the gas pressure in the pressure accumulation chamber so as to always close this valve hole, and this valve body being slidably inserted and closed when the valve hole is opened. A valve chamber that communicates with the valve hole, an oil discharge chamber that allows oil in the pressure oil chamber to flow out through the valve body when the valve hole is opened, and a narrow high-pressure oil chamber that communicates with the valve chamber and into which the pressure receiving protrusion of the valve body is inserted. room and
A hammer driving power machine consisting of an oil passage that communicates with this oil chamber at one end and corresponds to a valve seat at the other end and communicates with the pressure oil chamber by sliding on the valve seat.