JPS5823142Y2 - changeover switch - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a changeover switch that switches electrical connection from one side to another, and particularly relates to a changeover switch that can be used as either a transfer changeover switch or a continuous changeover switch depending on the external wiring of the switch.

There are two types of changeover switches, ie, transfer changeover switches and continuous changeover switches, depending on the operating form of their contacts.

To explain a changeover switch using a slide type changeover switch as an example, as shown in FIG. 1A or FIG. 1B, a break fixing piece 3A, a common fixing piece 3B, and a make fixing piece 3C are arranged and fixed in this order. , break fixing piece 3A
The movable piece 2 is provided with the contact portions 2A and 2B in contact with the common fixed piece 3B and the common fixed piece 3B. The movable piece 2 moves in this order, and eventually the contact portions 2A and 2B of the movable piece 2 come into contact with the common fixed piece 3B and the make fixed piece 3C, respectively, and the electrical connection is switched. ing.

In the slide type changeover switch configured as described above, the break fixing piece 3A, common fixing piece 3B, and make fixing piece 3C are connected at the same time during switching due to electrical circuit design requirements (bridge (connected in a similar manner)
There are two types of switches, transfer changeover switches and continuous changeover switches.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the transfer selector switch has a distance between the opposing ends of the break fixing piece 3A and the common fixing piece 3B, and a gap between the opposing ends of the common fixing piece 3B and the make fixing piece 3C. The distance W2 is the contact part 2 of the movable piece 2
It is set larger than the width W1 of A and 2B, so that during the switching operation, the break fixing piece 3A, the common fixing piece 3B, and the make fixing piece 3C are always independent of each other as shown in Figure 1 A9. It has become.

That is, after the break fixing piece 3A and the common fixing piece 3B are electrically completely separated, the common fixing piece 3B and the make fixing piece 3C are brought into contact and electrically connected.

On the other hand, in the continuous changeover switch, as shown in FIG. 1B, the above-mentioned interval W2 is set smaller than the above-mentioned middle W1, and during the switching operation, the break fixing piece 3A, as shown in FIG. 1B9, The common fixed piece 3B and the make fixed piece 3C are all connected by the movable piece 2.

That is, after the common fixing piece 3B and the make fixing piece 3C are electrically connected, the electrical connection between the break fixing piece 3A and the common fixing piece 3B is cut off.

Conventionally, in order to obtain the above two switching characteristics, a switch with transfer switching characteristics and a switch with continuous switching characteristics are required separately, and as is clear from the above, the contact portions 2A and 2B of the movable piece 2 are Width or fixed piece 3A, 3B, 3C Width or fixed piece 3A, 3B, 3
At least one of the arrangement intervals C must have separate dimensions for the transfer changeover switch and the continuous changeover switch, and the parts that make up the switch (fixed piece, movable piece, or board that fixes the fixed piece) must be A separate switch was required depending on the switching characteristics of the switch.

If we could create a change-over switch that could be used for both transfer-switching characteristics and continuous-switching characteristics using the same external electrical wiring, instead of requiring separate switches for transfer switching characteristics and continuous switching characteristics as in the past, This is advantageous in terms of electrical circuit design, and the switch itself can be made at low cost since the parts constituting the switch do not require separate standards, and the present invention has achieved this.

Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a slide type changeover switch will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the main components of the first embodiment of the present invention in approximately the order in which they are arranged, and FIGS. 3A to 3E show the operating states of the changeover switch according to the first embodiment. Figures 4A to 4E are diagrams showing the positional relationship between the movable piece and the fixed piece in the second embodiment of the present invention according to the operating order of the changeover switch, and Figures 5A and 5B are diagrams according to the order of operation of the changeover switch. It is a diagram showing an example corresponding to the above-mentioned first example and second example when the invention is implemented in a multi-stage switch.

The first embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. In FIGS. 2 and 3, 1 is the operating structure of the changeover switch, 2 is a movable piece group, and 3 is a fixed piece group. .

In the operating structure 1, 11 is a movable piece holding section, 12A, 12
B is a holding gap for the movable piece, 13 is a fixed piece passage groove, 14 is an operating lever, 15 is an operating guide, and 16 is an operating button.

In movable piece group 2, 21 and 22 are movable pieces, 21 A, 2
1B, 22A, and 22B are contact portions.

In the embodiment, the movable piece group 2 is composed of four movable pieces, but in FIGS. 2 and 3, only two movable pieces 21 and 22 are shown.

In fixed piece group 3, 31 A, 32 A are break fixed pieces, 31 B, 32 B are common fixed pieces, 31 C, 3
2C is a makeup fixing piece.

In the embodiment, the fixed piece group 3 consists of four sets of fixed pieces, each consisting of a break fixed piece, a common fixed piece, and a make fixed piece, but two of these sets are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Also, this fixed piece group 3 is fixed to an insulating substrate, but this insulating substrate is omitted in FIG. 2.

The operating structure 11 has a holding gap 12A for its movable piece.

The movable piece 21.22 is inserted into 12B.

The lengths of the holding gaps 12A, 12B are set approximately equal to the lengths of the movable pieces 21.22, and the movable pieces 21.22 are held in the holding gaps with minimal play in the vertical direction in FIG. 2.

Furthermore, at least one of the holding gaps 12A and 12B, for example, the holding gap 12A, is provided with its set position shifted from the other holding gap 12B by a dimension a, for example, upward, and the holding gap 12A is inserted into the holding gap 12A. The movable piece 22 inserted into the holding gap 12B and the movable piece 21 inserted into the other holding gap 12B are placed in a slightly different positional relationship with respect to the fixed piece group 3.

The movable pieces 21 and 22 are made of a conductive spring material, and are formed into a substantially U-shape by folding over each other from the center.

At the tips of the U-shaped movable pieces 21 and 22, there are break fixing pieces 31A, 32A, and a common fixing piece 31B.
, 32. B or make fixing pieces 31C, 32C are held between these fixing pieces 31A, 32A, 31
Contact part 2 that contacts B, 32B, 31C, 32C
1A, 21B, 22A, and 22B are formed, and these movable pieces 21 and 22 are all formed with the same shape and the same dimensions.

The fixed piece group 3 includes one set of fixed pieces corresponding to the positions of the holding gaps 12A and 12B of the operating structure 1, and includes break fixed pieces 31A and 32A, and common fixed pieces 31B and 32.
B mutual spacing and common fixing piece 31B.

32B, the distance between the make fixed pieces 31C and 32C is the contact portions 21A, 21B and 22A of the movable pieces 21.22,
22B is set to be approximately equal to the mutual spacing.

Also, each fixed piece 31A, 32 A, 31 B of fixed piece group 3
, 32B, 31C, and 32C are all made of conductive material and are formed to have the same shape and size.

The parts described above are assembled as follows to function as a switch.

That is, the holding gap 12A formed in the movable piece holding portion 11 of the operating structure 1.

A movable piece 22.21 is inserted and held in 12B, and the contact portions 22 A, 22 B, and 21 A of the movable piece 22.21 are
, 21B, each fixed piece 31A, 32A of fixed piece group 3
, 31B, 32B, 31C, and 32C are assembled in a positional relationship such that they are in sandwich contact.

When the operation button 16 is operated, this operation is performed by operating the operation lever 1.
4 to the movable piece holding part 11, and the operation guide body 1
For example, the groove 5 is provided in the switch assembly (this part is not shown).

), the movable piece holding portion 11 moves in the vertical direction in FIG. 2, thereby performing the switching operation of the switch.

Furthermore, during the switching operation of the above switch, the break fixing piece 31A,
32A and make fixing pieces 31C and 32C are the operating structure 1
Fixed piece passage grooves 13 for escaping from the holding gaps 12A, 12B to the outside are provided above and below each of the holding gaps 12A, 12B.

Contact portions 21 A, 21 B and 22 of movable piece 21.22
A.

The width W1 of 22B is determined by the distance between the opposing ends of the break fixing pieces 31A, 32A and the common fixing pieces 31B, 32B, the common fixing pieces 31B, 32B and the make fixing pieces 31C,
32C is set smaller than the distance W2 between the ends facing each other, and the switch is composed of one set of fixed pieces and one movable piece (break fixed piece 31A, common fixed piece 3
1B, a switch composed of a make fixed piece 31C and a movable piece 21, or a switch composed of a break fixed piece 32A, a common fixed piece 32B, a make fixed piece 32C and a movable piece 22; is called an elementary switch.

) When taken individually, each constitutes a switch with a transfer characteristic.

Movable piece 21. Break fixing piece 31A, common fixing piece 31B
, and the make fixing piece 31C (hereinafter, this elementary switch will be referred to as a first elementary switch).

), an elementary switch consisting of a movable piece 22, a break fixed piece 32A, a common fixed piece 32B, and a make fixed piece 32C (hereinafter, this elementary switch will be referred to as a second elementary switch).

) have transfer switching characteristics individually as described above, but in order to configure a switch with continuous switching characteristics using the first elementary switch and the second elementary switch, as shown in Figure 3, the first Connect the common fixed piece 31B of the elementary switch and the common fixed piece 32B of the second elementary switch as shown in symbol 4 by printed wiring technique, etc., and connect the break fixing piece 32A of the second elementary switch to the break contact. The make fixed piece 31C of the first elementary switch is derived as the make contact side [stock], and the connected common fixed pieces 31B and 32B are drawn out as the stationary contact side [stock].
It is sufficient to derive it as

FIGS. 3A to 3E show the operation process when the changeover switch of the first embodiment is used as a continuous changeover switch according to the operation order, and the continuous changeover operation will be explained below with reference to these figures.

When used as a continuous changeover switch as described above, the external wiring 4 connects the common fixing piece 31 B of the first elementary switch and the common fixing piece 32 of the second elementary switch.
B is connected.

Before pressing the operation button 16, as shown in FIG. 3A,
The contact parts 21A, 21B and 22A, 22B of both movable pieces 21.22 correspond to the break fixed piece 31A, the common fixed piece 31B, and the break fixed piece 32A, respectively.
, the common fixed piece 32 B is in contact with the break contact set (the set of the break fixed piece and the common fixed piece, hereinafter the same) in both element switches are in a closed state, and ■ - ■ are connected. It is in.

When the operation button 16 is pressed, both movable pieces 21 and 22 move simultaneously by the same distance downward in the drawing, and as shown in FIG. The movable piece 21 is separated from the piece 31B, and the downward contact set of the first elementary switch is in an open state, but the movable piece 22 of the second elementary switch is separated from the movable piece 21 of the first elementary switch. Since the movable piece 22 remains in contact with the break fixed piece 32A and the common fixed piece 32B of the second elementary switch, the break contact set of the second elementary switch is closed. The condition remains.

That is, at this stage, the connection between the end 1 and Q remains connected.

As the movable pieces 21 and 22 move further downward, the common fixed piece 31 of the first elementary switch will eventually move as shown in FIG. 3C.
The movable piece 21 contacts B and the make fixed piece 31C, and the first
The make contact set (common fixed piece and make fixed piece, the same applies hereinafter) of the elementary switch is closed, and the connection between ■ and [phase] is established, but at this time, the movable of the second elementary switch Piece 2
2 still has its break fixing piece 32A and common fixing piece 32.
It remains in contact with B, and the connection between ■ and ○ remains.

That is, at this stage, ■-■-■ are in a connected state, resulting in a so-called three-point contact state peculiar to continuous switching characteristics.

When the movable pieces 21 and 22 move further downward from the state shown in FIG. The break contact set of the second elementary switch becomes open and the connection between 00 and 00 is cut off.
Only the connection between ■ and [phase] is made by the make contact set of the elementary switch.

At this stage, the switching operation is tentatively completed.

When the movable pieces 21 and 22 have finished moving downward, the movable pieces 21 and 22 of both elementary switches come into contact with the common fixed pieces 31B and 32B and the make fixed pieces 31C and 32C, as shown in FIG. − The connection between [phase] remains.

When the press of the operation button 16 is resumed, the operation described above is performed in the reverse order, and the connection between ■-[phase]→
Switching is performed in the order of the connection between (1) - (2) - [phase] and then the connection between (1) and (2), and a continuous switching operation is also performed.

Except for the external wiring 4, the first elementary switch and the second elementary switch each function as an independent transfer changeover switch.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

In the first embodiment, there are two movable pieces 21 and 22 of the elementary switch.
In the second embodiment, a step of dimension a is provided at the setting position of the fixed piece set of the two elementary switches.
The movable pieces 21 and 22 are set at the same level.

That is, to explain in accordance with the first embodiment shown in FIG. fixed piece set, for example, break fixed piece 32A, common fixed piece 3
The fixing piece set consisting of 2 B and the make fixing piece 32 C is arranged on an insulating substrate while being shifted downward by a dimension a from other fixing piece sets.

In this second embodiment, the switching positions of the two elementary switches are made to differ depending on the setting position of the fixed piece set. Similar to the embodiment, the common fixed pieces 21B and 22B of the two element switches are connected to the external wiring 4.
When connected with
It is easy to understand that there is always a so-called three-point contact state in which the two phases are connected, and continuous switching operation is performed. Figures A to E only show state diagrams according to the order of operation.

Next, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a multi-stage changeover switch will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5A shows an embodiment of a multistage changeover switch corresponding to the first embodiment, and FIG. 5B shows an embodiment of a multistage changeover switch corresponding to the second embodiment.

In Fig. 5 A and B, 21.22 is a movable piece, 21 A,
22A is the contact part of the movable piece 21.22, 31A to 31
F and 32A to 32F are fixed pieces, 61.62 are common fixed pieces, and 4A to 4F and 5 are external wirings.

The common fixed pieces 61 and 62 are fixed pieces 31A to 31, respectively.
F and 32A to 32F, the movable pieces 21 and 22 are respectively the common fixed piece 61 and the fixed piece 31A.
~31F and between the common fixed piece 62 and the fixed piece 32A~
32F and sequentially switches the electrical connections between the common fixed pieces 61, 62 and the fixed pieces 31A to 31F and 32A to 32F.

Similarly to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the movable piece 21.
The width W1 of the contact portions 21A and 22A of 22 is set to be smaller than the distance W2 between the mutually facing ends of adjacent fixed pieces, and when the external wirings 4A to 4F and 5 are not connected, Movable piece 21. Common fixed piece 61 and fixed piece 31
Elementary switch and movable piece 22 composed of A to 31 F
, the common fixed piece 62 and the fixed pieces 32A to 32F each function as a multi-stage changeover switch with transfer switching characteristics.

When the corresponding fixed pieces of two elementary switches and the common fixed piece are connected by external wirings 4A to 4F and 5, one continuous switching characteristic can be achieved by both elementary switches as in the first and second embodiments. A multi-stage selector switch can be configured.

That is, by the switching operation, the movable pieces 21 and 22 move downward in the drawing, and a pair of fixed pieces, for example, fixed pieces 31B and 32B,
and another set of fixed pieces adjacent to each other, for example, fixed pieces 31C, 3
In the process of switching to 2C, the movable piece 21 moves the fixed piece 31C as shown at 21-1 and 22-1 in FIGS. 5A and 5H.
A state is created in which the movable piece 22 simultaneously connects the fixed piece 32B and the common fixed piece 61, and the movable piece 22 connects the fixed piece 32B and the common fixed piece 62 simultaneously. This is a so-called three-point contact state, and when this three-point contact state occurs during the switching process, a continuous switching characteristic is achieved.

In addition, in this multi-stage changeover switch, external wiring 4A to 4
By removing appropriate external wiring from F, the switching of that portion can be made to have transfer switching characteristics, so that more uses can be accommodated in terms of electrical circuit design.

As explained above in detail, according to the present invention, it can be used as either a transfer selector switch or a continuous selector switch depending on whether or not external wiring is provided without changing the structure of the switch itself. In addition to the advantage of using a changeover switch in that it can be used for both transfer and continuous changeover switches, the same components can be used for transfer changeover switches and continuous changeover switches without requiring separate parts. There is also the advantage that the switch itself can be constructed at low cost, and the present invention has extremely significant effects.

For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the setting position of the movable piece of one elementary switch is made different from that of the other elementary switches, and it is used as a transfer changeover switch for four circuits, or as a transfer changeover switch for one circuit. Although the structure is configured so that the user can select whether to use it as a continuous changeover switch or a two-circuit transfer changeover switch, the number of circuits in the changeover switch and the number of circuits that can be used as a continuous changeover switch are designed so that they can be selected as appropriate. It is a matter.

In addition, although all of the embodiments described above have been applied to slide-type changeover switches, any changeover switch that includes at least two sets of elementary switches that are activated simultaneously by operation may be used, such as a rotor no switch or a changeover switch. The present invention can also be implemented in a toggle switch or the like, and the difference in the switching mechanism of the switch does not change the gist of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1A and 1B are diagrams explaining the operation of the transfer selector switch and continuous selector switch, respectively; FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the main parts of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention; and FIGS. 3A-E. 4A to 4E are diagrams explaining the continuous switching operation process of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS.
A diagram illustrating the continuous switching operation process of the embodiment,
Figure 5A. B is a diagram illustrating an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a multi-stage changeover switch. Main symbols in Figures 1 to 4: 1... Operating structure of the changeover switch, 11... Movable piece holding part,
12A. 12B...Holding gap, 2...Movable piece group, 21.22...Movable piece, 2A, 2B, 21
A, 21 B, 22A, 22B...Contact part, 3
...Fixed piece group, 3 A, 31 A, 32 A・
...Break fixing piece, 3 B, 31 B, 3
2 B... Common fixing piece, 3 C, 31C, 32
C...Make fixing piece, 4...External wiring, main symbols in Fig. 5, 21.22...Movable piece, 31A to 31F, 32A to 32 F...
Fixed piece, 61, 62... Common fixed piece, 4A~4
F, 5...External wiring.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An elementary switch with transfer switching characteristics, which has at least three fixed pieces and a movable piece that slides in contact with the fixed pieces, and the electrical connection between the fixed pieces is switched by the sliding of the movable pieces. The at least two sets of elementary switches are provided with at least two sets, and when the switch is operated, the at least two sets of elementary switches are operated simultaneously in time, and the switching position of the electrical connection between the fixed pieces of the at least two sets of elementary switches is controlled. A changeover switch characterized by being made to be different from each other. 2. The changeover switch according to claim 1, which is a registered utility model, characterized in that the setting positions of the movable pieces of the at least two sets of elementary switches with transfer switching characteristics with respect to the fixed pieces are different from each other. 3. The changeover switch according to claim 1, which is a registered utility model, characterized in that at least two sets of elementary switches with transfer switching characteristics have different setting positions of the fixed pieces with respect to the movable pieces.