JPS5822713A - Air conditioner for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a fine automatic control and manual operation of the air conditioner of auxiliary engine drive type for a bus or the like by a method wherein the air cooling and warming performance and the change-over of ventilation is controlled electronically in accordance with a detected temperature and a preset temperature, and the operation mode is set by hand. CONSTITUTION:A comparison circuit 44a provides outputs A-M in accordance with a change in the total resistance of a room temperature sensor 14, an outdoor temperature sensor 8 and a temperature setting variable resistor 45, and the outputs A-M are inputted into an operation circuit 44b. The operation circuit 44b provides outputs O-Z, which control auxiliary engine speed control electromagnetic solenoids 46 and 47, a fan motor 18, speed control resistors 48 and 49, ventilation change-over means 43 and the like to operate according to a predetermined mode automatically. When an air cooler switch 54 or an air warmer switch 55 is thrown to supply power to relay coils 56 and 57, the power supply to the operation means 44 is interrupted so that the air cooling or air warming operation is carried out according to the predetermined mode. Thus, a fine air conditioning by the automatic control and a manual operation become possible.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner, and is suitable for use in, for example, an auxiliary engine-driven vehicle air conditioner installed in a bus or the like.

The purpose of the present invention is to automatically control heating capacity and cooling capacity to *m from low temperature in winter to high temperature in summer. An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can set cooling or heating operation at any time even by manual operation.

The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

The illustrated embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to an air conditioner for a bus vehicle, and FIG. 1 shows the main body part Zo of the air conditioner.

This air conditioner main body 100 is integrally constructed on a pedestal (not shown), and is mounted on a bus vehicle 10 as shown in FIG.
It is mounted below the floor 102 of 1. In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an auxiliary engine for driving an air conditioner, which is similar to a Diesel μ engine, and a compressor 2 of a refrigeration cycle is directly connected to one end of the engine. A cooling fan 3 is directly connected to the other end of the auxiliary engine 1, and is used to cool the fugiator 4 of the auxiliary engine 1 and the condenser 5 of the refrigeration pump. The radiator 4 and the condenser 5 are opened in one side plate 6 of the bus vehicle 101 and are cooled by air (outside air) introduced from a nine air intake lower. An outside air temperature sensor 8 for detecting outside air temperature is attached to this air intake lower, and this outside air temperature sensor 8 is usually a semiconductor temperature sensing element such as a thermistor.

9 is a receiver for storing the liquid refrigerant condensed in the condenser 5; 10 is an expansion valve that decompresses and expands the liquid refrigerant sent from the receiver 9; 11 is the expansion valve 10 for adiabatically expanding the atomized refrigerant; The evaporator evaporates and cools the surrounding air using the latent heat of evaporation, and the evaporated gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 again and compressed.

12 is an air conditioning case housing the evaporator 11, and its air inlet 12. a communicates with the cabin air intake 13 provided below the seat 104 through an opening 103 in the floor 102 of the pass vehicle 1010. Further, the air conditioning casing 12 is provided with an air port 121 for introducing outside air for ventilation on the upstream side of the evaporation till. A room temperature sensor 14 for detecting the temperature of the air in the vehicle interior is attached to the air intake port 13 in the vehicle interior, and the room temperature sensor 14 is also usually made of a semiconductor temperature sensing element such as a thermistor. 15 is a heater installed in series on the downstream side of the evaporator 11 in the air conditioning cake puffer 12, and as shown in FIGS. Heat exchange part 1
5a, 151) and these two heat exchange parts 15a, 15'
an upper tank 15C with which both the heat exchange parts 15a and 15d are in communication;
The lower tank 1513 with which only the other heat exchange part 151) is in communication and the hot water population 1 provided in the lower tank 15d
5f, a first hot water outlet 15g provided in the upper tank 150, and a second hot water outlet 1511 provided in the lower tank 150. 16 is the air conditioning casing 12
This is a scroll-shaped ventilation casing connected to the downstream side of the heater, and a ventilation fan 17 using a sirocco fan or the like is built inside the scroll-shaped ventilation casing. 18 is this blower fan 17
A drive motor 19 is a drive shaft directly connected to a rotating shaft 17a, and the rotation of the auxiliary engine 1 is caused by the pulley belt mechanism 20.
An electromagnetic clutch 21 is provided at the end of the electromagnetic clutch 21. When the electromagnetic clutch 21 is connected, the rotation of the drive shaft 19 is transmitted to the blower fan 17 via a pulley belt mechanism 22. It is meant to be transmitted.

23 is a refrigerant bypass pipe that directly returns the gas refrigerant in the receiver 9 to the suction side of the compressor ja2, and a solenoid valve 24 is installed in the middle of the pipe.

The heater 15 described above is for hot water (cooling water) for the auxiliary engine 1.
The hot water supply 15f of the heater 15 is connected to the hot water discharge portions of the auxiliary engine 1 and the main engine 25, and the first hot water The outlet 15g is connected to the hot water suction part of the auxiliary engine 1, and the second hot water outlet 15h is connected to the hot water suction part of the main engine 25. And heater 1
The flow of hot water between the heater 15 and the auxiliary engine 1 is interrupted by a solenoid valve 26, and the flow of hot water between the heater 15 and the main engine 25 is interrupted by a solenoid valve 27. It looks like this. 28 is the main engine 25
The radiator 29 is a cooling fan for this radiator 28. 30 is an electric pump for introducing hot water from the main engine 25 into the heater 15.

FIG. 5 shows the ventilation path of the air coming out of the outlet section 16a of the queen-sized air blower case 16. The outlet section 16a is divided into two passages 160.16d by a partition plate 10'b, one of which is The passage 16Q is branched into a cooling duct 31 and a heating duct 32, and the other passage 16d is similarly branched into a cooling duct 33 and a heating duct 34. Cooling duct) 31.33 is a ceiling duct) 3 that is arranged along the left and right side panels 6 of the vehicle body up to the vehicle ceiling, and is provided at the vehicle ceiling over almost the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
It is connected to 5.36. This ceiling duct) 35, 36 is provided with a large number of upper air outlets 37. The heating ducts 32, 34 are connected to underfloor ducts 38, 39 which are provided on the underside of the floor 102 over almost the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. A large number of provided lower air outlets 40 are connected.

Switching dampers 41 and 42 are provided at the branch points between the cooling duct 31 and the heating duct 32, and at the branch points between the cooling duct 33 and the heating duct 34, respectively. between 31 and 32 and 3
3 and 34 are switched. Both dampers 41 and 42 are configured to be operated in conjunction with a ventilation switching device 43 consisting of an electromagnetic solenoid, and when the solenoid is energized, this device 43 generates an electromagnetic attraction force to move the actuating rod 43a. It sucks in the direction of the arrow a, rotates the link 43Q in the direction of the arrow about the fixed fulcrum 43b, and operates the damper 41 to the solid line position via the link 43d 1438, and moves the damper 41 through another link 43f 143g. 42 to the solid line position.

It looks like this. When the power supply to the device 43 is renewed, the operating rod 43a is returned to the direction opposite to the arrow a by a built-in spring (not shown), and the dampers 41 and 42 are respectively operated to the positions shown by the broken lines.

Figure 6 Line 1 Intermittent power supply to device 43 (ON/OFF)
and ceiling ducts 35.36 and underfloor ducts 38.39
This shows the relationship with switching.

FIG. 7 shows the electric circuit of the device of the present invention, where 44 is an electronic arithmetic unit for temperature control, and the combined resistance value change of the outside temperature sensor 8, room temperature sensor 14, and temperature setting variable resistor 45 is input as an input signal. , A depends on the magnitude of the combined resistance value.
It has a comparator circuit 44a that outputs 13 outputs of -M, and an arithmetic circuit 44b that performs predetermined arithmetic processing on the output of the comparator circuit 44a and outputs 11 outputs of OZ. Reference numerals 46 and 47 denote eleventh and second electromagnetic solenoids for controlling the rotation speed of the auxiliary engine 1, and both solenoids 46 and 47 adjust the opening degree of a throttle valve (not shown) in the intake pipe of the auxiliary engine 1. When only the first electromagnetic solenoid 46 is energized, the auxiliary engine rotates at a low speed (LO), and when only the second electromagnetic solenoid 47 is energized, the auxiliary engine rotates at low speed (LO). The engine 1 rotates at high speed (Hl), when both solenoids 46, 47 are not energized, it is at medium speed (Mθ), and when both solenoids 43, 44 are energized, the fuel injection pump (not shown) is activated. The structure is such that the auxiliary engine 1 is stopped by pulling the stop lever.

48.49.50 These are the speed control resistors for the blower fan drive screen 18.The resistance values of these three resistors 48.49.50 are R48, R49-1R50, and R4B>R49>R.
It is determined that there are 50 relationships. Accordingly, the output of the electronic arithmetic unit 44 is expressed as, for example, W, V, U.
, W-14+H and K, the speed of the motor 11B, that is, the amount of air blown, can be switched in five stages.

51 is a vehicle power patch IJ, 52a is a fuse, and 53 is an air conditioning activation switch.

54 is a manually operated cooling switch, 55 is a manually operated heating switch, and 56 is a relay coil μ operated by the user of the cooling switch 540 for opening the normally closed contact 56a. 57 is a rounded contact which is activated when the heating switch 55 is turned on and opens the normally closed contact 57'a. Reference numeral 58 denotes a manually operated cooling stop switch, which is a self-resetting type switch that closes only while being manually operated.

Next, the operation of the device of the present invention will be explained. Figure 8 shows the combined resistance value R8 of the temperature sensor 8.14 and the setting variable resistor 45, the 13 outputs A-M of the comparator circuit 44a, the 13 operating modes M1 to M13, the air conditioning specifications, and the air outlet. Indicates the relationship between When maximum cooling is performed in summer, the resistance values of the temperature sensor 8.14 consisting of a thermistor and the variable resistor 45 are both small, the combined resistance value Rs is the minimum, and the comparator circuit 44a is If the output is A, the arithmetic circuit 44b
The operating mode of the JMI is selected. In this operating mode of Ml, as shown in the table of Fig. 9, P, Q%
2 output is output, the second solenoid 47 is energized,
The fan 17 is driven by the auxiliary engine 1 at a high speed because the auxiliary engine 1 (that is, the compressor 2) rotates at high speed (Hl) and the electromagnetic clutch 21 is energized and connected. Beforehand, the ventilation switching device 43 is also energized to open the ventilation path of the cooling ceiling duct 35.3611. As a result, the cooling capacity is maximized, and the interior of the vehicle interior 105 is effectively cooled by blowing cold air into the vehicle interior 105 from the upper air outlet 37 of the ceiling duct 35, 36 as shown by the arrow.

Then, the room temperature decreases as the cooling inside the vehicle compartment 105 progresses, or the temperature set by the variable resistor 45 increases,
Alternatively, when the outside temperature decreases, the combined resistance [R8] increases, so the operating mode is sequentially switched from M1 to M2 and M3-. In the M2 operation mode, the output becomes Q or Z, the speed of the auxiliary engine I becomes medium speed (Me), and the cooling capacity decreases by a predetermined amount (for example, about 3.UOOKcal).

In the operating mode of M3, the output is 0, Q%2, the speed of the auxiliary engine 1 is low speed (LO), and the cooling capacity is further reduced by a predetermined amount. In the operating mode of M4, the output is O,
Q, ySz, and the speed of the auxiliary engine l is low (LO
), the solenoid valve 26 opens and the hot water from the auxiliary engine 1 passes through the heat exchange section 15a on one side of the heater 150, where the cold air is reheated, so the cooling capacity is further increased. Quantitative decrease. In the operating mode of M5, when the output is O, Q, R, or Z, the solenoid valve 26 is closed, and the solenoid valve 24 is opened instead, and the gas refrigerant in the receiver 9 is transferred to the compressor 2. air is directly inhaled, further reducing cooling capacity. In the operating mode of M6, the output is 0, Q,...
(R, Y, Z), both of the electromagnetic valves 24 and 26 are opened at the same time, further reducing the cooling capacity.

The above operation modes of M1 to M6 are for the cooling mode by operating the auxiliary engine 1, but the following M7 and M
The operation mode No. 8 is a ventilation mode in which the auxiliary carrot l is stopped and only ventilation is performed. That is, in the operating mode of M7, the outputs are U, V, WlZ, the ceiling duct 35, 36 for cooling is still selected as the air outlet, and the three resistors 48 are selected for the fan outlet 18. .49.50
Since the motor 18 is energized through the parallel circuit of be done. Note that when switching to the ventilation mode, both the eleventh and second solenoids 46 and 47 are energized simultaneously for a short time, and the operation of the auxiliary engine I is automatically stopped. M
In operation mode 8, the output is U, V%W, and the output of Z disappears, so the power to the ventilation switching device 43 is cut off, and as a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the underfloor duct 38.
is selected, wind blows out from the lower air outlet 40 connected to the underfloor duct (38, 39) as shown by arrow C, and the vehicle interior is forcedly ventilated.

Next, the operating mode of M9 to M13 is a heating mode by blowing hot air, and in the operating mode of M9, the output is S%U
Then, the electric pump 30 and the solenoid valve 27 of the hot water circuit are energized and operated. In addition to this, the driving engine 25
hot water flows through the two heat exchange parts 15a and 15b of the heater 15. At the same time, the fan motor 18 is energized through the resistor 48 having the maximum resistance value, the motor 18 operates at the lowest speed, that is, the first speed, and the heating capacity is set to the minimum. At this time, the ventilation switching device 43
continues to be off, the hot air flows through the underfloor duct 38.
．． 39 and blows out into the vehicle interior from the lower air outlet 40. Next, in the MIO operation mode, the output becomes SSv, the fan motor 18 is energized through the resistor 48 having an intermediate resistance value, the motor 18 operates at the second speed, and the heating capacity is increased by a predetermined amount. In the operating mode of Mll, the output is S1W
Then, the fan motor 18 is energized through the resistor 50 having the minimum resistance value, and the motor 18 operates at the third speed.
Heating capacity is further improved. In the operating mode of Ml2, the output is S, U, V%W, fan motor 1 gK3
Electricity is passed through a parallel circuit of two resistors 48, 49, 50, and the motor 18 operates in fourth speed, further increasing the heating capacity. In the operating mode of Ml3, the output is S1x, the fan motor 18 is energized directly from the power supply without going through the resistor 48, 49, 50, the motor 18 operates at the highest speed (5th speed), and the heating capacity is maximized.

As described above, depending on the output of the electronic arithmetic unit 44, M1 to M
By selecting 13 modes of 13
Temperature can be well controlled automatically. Next, a case will be described in which the cooling operation and heating operation are set by manual operation.

First, when the cooling switch 54 is turned on, the relay coil 1v
56 is energized, the normally closed contact 56a is opened, and the power supply to the electronic processing unit 44 is cut off, so that the operation of the device 44 is further stopped. At the same time, the electromagnetic clutch 21 and the ventilation switching device 43 are energized via the cooling switch 54, and this is the same state as the operation mode M2 described above, and cooling operation is performed in this mode M2.

Here, when the cooling switch 54 is turned on, it goes without saying that the auxiliary engine l is started by operating an auxiliary engine starting circuit (not shown).

To stop the cooling operation by manual operation, turn on the cooling stop switch 58 and turn on the first and second solenoids 46 and 47.
It is sufficient to energize both at the same time and stop the auxiliary engine l.

Next, when heating switch 55 is turned on, relay coil 5
7 is energized and the normally closed contact 57a is opened, so that the power supply to the electronic processing device 44 is dialyzed and the operation of this device 44 is stopped. At the same time, the solenoid valve 27 and the electric hot water pump 3o are energized via the heating switch 55,
Further, the fan motor 18 is energized via the resistor 49 and the heating switch 55. This is the same as the MIO operation mode described above, and heating operation is performed in this mode MIO.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be modified in various ways. It can also be replaced.

Further, the heater 15 is not limited to a hot water type heater, but a combustion type heater that heats air by burning fuel such as kerosene may also be used.

Further, the underfloor ducts 38 and 39 may be installed above the floor 102.

Furthermore, the method of controlling the cooling capacity and the heating capacity in the above-mentioned embodiments is only one preferred example, and various changes can be made to other methods. Instead of bypassing it to the suction side of compressor 2, some of the refrigerant gas (hot gas) discharged from compressor 2 is bypassed and evaporated! Means such as direct flow into 11 can be used. Furthermore, the cooling capacity may be controlled by a combination of switching the rotation speed of the compressor 2 and intermittent heating action of the heating 1115, and the refrigerant bypass in the refrigeration cycle may be eliminated. In addition, even if the heating capacity is not controlled, in addition to adjusting the amount of air blown, the amount of hot water to the heating i11!15 can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the electric pump 30, adding a flow control valve, etc. good. Further, it goes without saying that the electronic arithmetic unit 44 may be configured using a microcomputer that performs logical operations according to a preset program.

As described above, in the present invention, heating capacity and cooling capacity can be automatically and minutely controlled from low temperatures in winter to high temperatures in summer, and a comfortable air conditioning feeling can be obtained, as well as cooling and heating operations can be controlled automatically. There is an advantage that the operation can be performed in a predetermined mode at any time by manual operation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a system diagram of a refrigeration cycle and hot water circuit showing one embodiment of the device of the present invention, Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a pass vehicle equipped with the device of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a diagram of the heater in the device of the present invention. Front view, Figure 4 is a side sectional view of this heater, Figure 5 is a duct configuration diagram showing the ventilation system of the device of the present invention, Figure 6 is a control characteristic diagram of the ventilation switching device of the device of the present invention, and Figure 7 is an electric circuit diagram of the device of the present invention, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrams for explaining the operation of the device of the present invention. 1-Auxiliary engine, 2-Compressor, 8.14-Temperature sensor serving as temperature detection means, 11-Evaporator, 12-Air conditioning casing, 15-Heater, 37-Upper outlet, 40-
Lower air outlet, 43-ventilation switching device. 44--Slave computing device, 45-setting variable resistor forming temperature setting means, 54-manually operated cooling switch, 55-manually operating heating switch.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A ventilation fan that blows air through a refrigeration cycle installed in an air conditioning case, an upper air outlet that blows cold air to the upper part of the vehicle interior, and a lower air outlet that blows warm air to the lower part of the vehicle interior. The outlet, a ventilation switching device that switches the ventilation path to both of these outlets, and electric signals from the temperature, detection means, and temperature setting means are inputted, and a running output signal is output in response to these electric signals, and the cooling by the evaporator is performed. an electronic computing device that automatically controls the heating capacity of the heater, the heating capacity of the heater, and the operation of the ventilation switching device; and stopping the operation of the electronic computing device by turning on a manual switch;
A vehicle air conditioner characterized by comprising a manual operation circuit for performing cooling operation and heating operation in a preset operating mode.