JPS58209832A - Vacuum interrupter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vacuum interrupter, and more particularly to a vacuum interrupter equipped with electrodes that generates a full axial magnetic field (magnetic field parallel to the arc).

Conventionally, the electrode itself, which should improve the breaking performance 1, was exposed to the axial magnetic field r.
A vacuum interrupter with a generating function is constructed as shown in FIG.

That is, the insulating cylinder 11, 1.1 is made of ceramic or glass, and the end plates 12 and 1B are made of metal.
Into the vacuum container 10, which is airtightly closed and the inside of which is evacuated to a high vacuum, the metal lead rods 15 and 16 are introduced so as to be able to approach and separate from each other, and are inserted onto the external circuit.
A pair of electrodes 2 and 8 that are brought into contact and separated (contacted and separated) are attached to the inner ends of lead rods 15 and 16 for the purpose of disconnection.

These electrodes 2 and 3 are connected to an arc electrode 21 which becomes a contact part.
．． 131 and the current flowing through the lead rod 15.16 which is arranged on the back side (lead rod side) of the contact part of this arc electrode 21.81? The coil electrodes 22 and 32 generate a complete magnetic field in the axial direction (in the vertical direction in FIG. 1) by changing the loop current centered around each lead rod 15.degree.

Since these electrodes 2 and 3 have similar configurations? [Koku 3
Represented by I! This will be explained in more detail based on FIG.

The arc electrode 31 has a contact portion 31a that contacts the mating electrode 2 at its center, and has a plurality of slits 31b cut in the radial direction from the outer periphery. The coil electrode 32 is a lead rod (not shown - lead rod 16 in FIG. 1).
The boss portion 32 & to which the end portion of the boss portion 82 is connected
It is comprised of a plurality of arms 32b that protrude radially outward from a, and a circular arc portion 82c that is curved in the circumferential direction and has one end connected to the outer end of each arm 32b. This coil ta
82 and the arc electrode 81 are integrally coupled with a high resistance spacer 88 made of a low conductivity material (for example, stainless steel material) interposed therebetween, and the tip of each arcuate portion 820 of the coil electrode 82 is It is connected to the back surface of the arc electrode 81 and to the outer peripheral side of the arc electrode 81 via a connecting fitting 84 located in the axial direction.

In addition, in FIG. 1, 14 is a bellows, and 17 is a raw shield.

By the way, there are many issues that need to be solved in order to improve the breaking performance in the vacuum interconnector mentioned above, but the ones most related to improving the breaking performance are: 1. Problems with coil electrodes, 2. Arc electrodes. This is the solution.

The tf coil electrode will be described.

The coil electrode generates an axial magnetic field, and the cutting performance is greatly affected by the strength and density of this magnetic field. In order to obtain a high-density magnetic field, the entire coil electrode may be formed by winding the conductor once or multiple times, but this increases the length of the loop circuit and generates significant heat. To prevent this, it is necessary to use a fairly thick conductor sound,
Since the vacuum interrupter becomes very large, it is usually a so-called A branch (V
4 turns), Makoto is the i turn in which the number of divisions has been wiped out, A
It is used to form turns in which the current is shunted.

If the current is completely divided in this way, each circular arc portion 8 of the coil electrode
It has the advantage that heat generation can be prevented because the shared current of 2a is reduced, and that the cross-sectional area of the arcuate part etc. can be made small to form a small electrode. As the total number of shunts increases, the effective circular arc portion of the coil decreases, resulting in a problem that the magnetic flux density decreases.

For this reason, in vacuum interrupters (for example, for high voltage applications and capacitor switching applications) where the opening gap (dimension between a pair of opposing 1! poles at the time of interruption) is as large as 30 to 60 mm, a large magnetic flux is required. It is desirable to use an A-turn coil electrode that provides good density.

However, as the magnetic flux density If becomes larger, eddy currents are likely to occur in the arc electrode, which is harmful to the interrupting performance. Therefore, the arc electrode must be formed in such a way that eddy currents will not occur.

Next, let's talk about the near-arc electrode.

Each electrode 2, 3 in the vacuum interconverter 2 as described above
The arc electrode 21.31 is generally made of a material with high conductivity such as Cu, but in this case,
There is a problem in that eddy currents flow in the arc electrodes 21, 81 and the magnetic flux density of the axial magnetic field generated by the coil electrodes 22, 82 decreases.

In order to deal with this problem, as shown in FIG.
81b establishment is proposed as a friend, but each Surin) 8
1b is the cut in the radial direction when the electrode diameter is about 100 inches or more. It needs to be deep. Therefore, there is a problem that the strength of the arc electrode 81 (and 21) is reduced, and the edge of the sulin 81b completely reduces the withstand voltage. This tendency becomes a problem in cases where a high shutoff speed and high withstand voltage are required, such as in a high-voltage vacuum interrupter. Also, large? [If the ligature is cut off many times, the electrode material will melt and the slit will become clogged, resulting in an increase in eddy current and a problem in that the cutoff performance will deteriorate.

In addition, in order to deal with the above-mentioned problem, the arc electrode 31 (
and 21) K slit 81tl- It has been proposed that the arc electrode be formed of a material with low sound conductivity without providing it. In this case, materials with electrical conductivity of 30 to 40 or less (e.g., BeiJ, Cu-W, A
g-W) If the arc electrode 81 (21) is completely formed using FC, the occurrence of stagnation is considerably reduced, there is no need to provide slits, and there are advantages of improved dielectric strength and improved mechanical strength.

However, when the arc electrode is made of a material with a low conductivity of 30 to 40 inches or less, there is a problem in that heat generation becomes significant when electricity is applied.

That is, the circular arc portion 82 located on the outer peripheral side of the coil electrode 32
Since the tip of c is connected to the intersection point near the outer circumference of the arc electrode S1 through the entire connecting fitting 34, the special case of energization is as shown in FIG.
, (4) generates a significant amount of heat due to the entire radially long electrical path being formed within the arc electrode 31.

Since the resistance of the secondary arc electrode 81 is large, the total resistance of the electric path formed by the arc electrode 81 and the coil electrode 32 is large, so the current that is shunted to the high resistance spacer 38 increases. , as a result the coil electrode 8
A problem arises in that the current flowing through 2 decreases, and the magnetic flux density decreases.

In order to solve the problems with arc electrodes made of materials with low conductivity as described above, the present inventor has already proposed a structure for the electrode in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-84288. has a configuration as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

In other words, a boss 41 and a plurality of arms 42 (coil electrodes 82) protrude radially outward from the boss 41.
The adapter 4 consists of arms 42 (same number as 2b) and a connecting part 48 at the outer end of each arm 42, and is made of a highly conductive material (for example Cu). , is fixed to the back of the arc electrode 81 (the surface opposite to the contact portion 81m), and is connected to the connection portion 48 of each arm end of the adapter 4, and the end of the arc portion 82c of the coil electrode 82. They are connected using a connecting fitting 84.

According to this configuration, the current (2) during energization is caused by an axial electric path (thickness direction electric path) taken from the contact portion 31& of the arc electrode 81 into the arc electrode 31, as shown in FIG. Flows into the boss portion 41, is then divided into each arm 42, and flows through the connecting fitting 84 to the coil electrode 82.
Furthermore, it will flow to the lead rod 16. As a result, the electrical path within the arc electrode 31 with high resistance is extremely short in the axial direction (thickness direction), which solves the problem of heat generation and reduces the current shunted to the high resistance spacer 88. This can also prevent the magnetic field density from decreasing.

Therefore, from the above, a large magnetic field density can be obtained by forming the coil electrode in an A-turn coil shape, but as the magnetic flux density increases, the generation of eddy current in the arc electrode increases in proportion to this, resulting in Since there is a problem that the magnetic flux density decreases and the interrupting performance deteriorates, the combination with an arc electrode is an important requirement in order to improve the interrupting performance.

In order to prevent the noise generated by the eddy current in the arc electrode, as mentioned above, if the arc electrode is made of a material with a low conductivity of 80 to 40% or less, it is possible to Can be configured without peeling. 1 ~ If the arc electrode is formed of a material with low conductivity and 7t*,
Although the arc electrode generates significant heat when energized, this problem can be solved by providing an adapter made of a highly conductive material on the back of the arc electrode as described above.

In view of the above points, the present invention has been devised by combining an arc electrode made of a material with low conductivity, an adapter made of a material with a high conductivity provided on the back of the arc electrode, and a coil electrode with a turn. Directional magnetic field? Electrode generated? Is this a vacuum interrupter designed to improve the interrupting performance? The purpose of providing such information is as follows:

Next, the embodiments according to the present invention will be explained based on all FIGS. 6 to 11. In these figures, are the parts with the same reference numerals as those in the above-mentioned FIGS. 1 to 5 equivalent? A detailed explanation of these elements will be omitted.

First, what is shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 are 10,000 electrodes of a pair of electrodes provided in a vacuum interrupter according to an embodiment of the first invention. The electrode 81 has a contact portion 81 in its center and is made of a low conductivity material having a conductivity of 80 to 40 cm (for example, aluminum, Cu-W, Ag-W, etc.).
It is made of a wL electrode material such as Cu-Cr.

Next, the coil electrode 2 has a central boss 982m connected to the lead rod 16, a pair of arms 82b connected to this boss 182a and located in the radial direction, and these arms 82b.
One end is connected to each outer end of the boss 8.
2*f A curved stone surrounds the other end 85 of the other arm 8.
A pair of circular arc portions 82e extending to the vicinity of 2b
It is formed into a so-called A turn.

A high conductivity material (for example, carbon
The adapter 4 consists of a boss part 41 located at the center, a pair of arms 42 connected to the boss part 41 and located in the radial direction, and an outer end of each of these six arms 42. It is formed by a connecting portion 43.

The boss s41 of the adder 4 is embedded in the back of the arc electrode 31 to achieve radial positioning.
In addition, the arm 42 and the connecting portion 48 are brought into close contact with the back surface of the arc electrode 81, and the adapter 4 and the arc electrode 31 are integrally formed by brazing or the like.

Also, the coil electrode 3 at the boss portion 41 of this adapter 4
A recessed portion 41a is provided in the portion located on the second side,
This four part 41aK includes an arc electrode 81 and a coil electrode 32.
Alternatively, one end (upper end) side of a high-resistance spacer 38 made of a material with low conductivity and which is fully connected to the lead rod 16 is recessed.

The coil electrode 82 and the adapter 4 are arranged such that the arm 82b of the coil electrode 82 and the arm 42 of the adapter 4 are overlapped in the axial direction, and the coil electrode 8
A connecting portion J'L) 14 in which the distal end of the circular arc portion 82a of No. 2 in the extending direction and the connecting portion 48 of the adapter 4 are respectively located in the axial direction.
The stone is mechanically and electrically connected through.

Furthermore, a high-resistance spacer 8 made of, for example, stainless steel is placed between the adder 1 and the boss portion 82m of the coil electrode 82 in order to fix the arc electrode 81t to the end of the lead rod 16.
B-fiK is interposed and provided.

In addition, in FIG. 6, 85 is a reinforcing body for the coil electrode 82 made of a material with low conductivity (for example, stainless steel material), and this reinforcing body 35 is attached to the lead rod 16 as shown in FIG.
A ring-shaped boss portion 85 surrounding the grapes and this boss portion 85
a plurality of arms 35b positioned in the radial direction, and a plurality of arms 85b connected to the outer ends of the plurality of arms 85b, respectively, and formed in an arc shape having approximately the same shape as the arc portion 82c of the coil electrode 82. In addition, different surfaces (
It is formed to have a circular arc portion 85c joined to the plane portion and the side surface S).

Further, the lead rod 16 is made of a material with high conductivity (for example, Cu).
) and this lead pipe 1.
A shaft 16b made of a material with high mechanical strength (for example, stainless steel) is embedded in the shaft 16a, and an auxiliary metal fitting 16c connects both members in a completely airtight manner at their shaft ends.
It is made up of.

In the 7T and WT electrodes configured as described above, current flows in an arc-shaped loop in the coil electrode 82 between the arc electrode 81 and the lead rod 16, and this loop current flows throughout the adapter. 4, the loop current is further extended into an arc shape, and an entire axial magnetic field is generated.

Next, what is shown in FIG. 9 is related to the second invention.
Since only the configuration of the first adapter 4 differs from the first invention described above, the following description will focus on this four adapters.

That is, the adapter 4 has a pair of arms 42 whose inner ends are connected to the boss portion 41, one end connected to the outer end of the six arms 42, and the other end of which is close to the other arm 42. and an arcuate portion 44 that is curved in the circumferential direction so as to entirely surround the boss portion 41, and is configured to have approximately the same shape as the coil electrode 32.

The connection between the adapter 4 and the coil electrode 82 is such that the tip 44& of the arc-shaped portion 44 of the adapter 4 and the tip of the arc '1lB2c of the coil electrode 32 in the extending direction are aligned, and in the axial direction. The required electrodes 3 are constructed by overlapping and connecting via connecting fittings 84 positioned in the axial direction.

According to the second invention, when the magnetic flux density sound of the electrode 8 extending to the vicinity of the other arm 42 of the adapter 4 is measured, it is found that
A larger magnetic flux density was obtained than in the case of the electrode according to the invention.

FIG. 10 shows the magnetic flux density distribution in a vacuum interrupter equipped with the electrode of the first invention, and FIG. 11 shows the magnetic flux density distribution in a vacuum interrupter equipped with the electrode of the second invention. The diameter of the coil electrode used in the experiment was 120B, the horizontal axis shows the electrode radius Rsnk, and the vertical axis shows the magnetic flux density G/KA'iH.These figures are for the right half of the electrode from the center. This shows the magnetic flux distribution at a certain location. Also, in these figures, A, B, C
, D are magnetic flux densities at different pole gap dimensions, A is Gatsu 715 n+, B is Gatsu 780
ym and C are for gap 45 shoulder and D are for gear rough 60 Tomiho, respectively.

As is clear from the above description, the arc electrode 81 is made of a material with a conductivity of 80 to 40 or less, and the adapter 4 is made of a material with high conductivity and is provided on the back side of the arc electrode 81. The vacuum interrupter of the present invention, which has eight electrodes including a coil electrode 32 that shunts the loop current of the purple A turn and generates the entire axial magnetic field, has various effects as described below. It is.

(2) Since the coil electrode 32 is used to branch the current to the A turn, the effective length of the circular arc portion 82c for generating the magnetic field 7 is long, and a large magnetic flux density can be obtained.

■ Since the arc electrode 81 is made of a material with low conductivity,
Even if a large magnetic field is applied by the A-turn coil electrode 82, eddy currents that cause a total decrease in magnetic flux density are hardly generated. In addition, since there is no need to provide a radial liner (k) for preventing the noise generated by eddy current, it is possible to improve the withstand voltage characteristics during opening and to improve the performance when shutting off.

■ From the above ■ and ■, the dimension between the opposing electrodes is large when the contact is opened, and the vacuum interrupter for high voltage requires a significantly larger magnetic field, and the capacitor where the high voltage is applied more than usual after the circuit is cut off. It is suitable for vacuum interrupters for opening and closing.

(2) Further, an adapter 4 made of a material with high conductivity is provided on the back of the arc electrode 81, and this adapter 4
are connected to both ends of the arc portion 32° of the coil electrode 82, and the adapter 4 is located behind the contact portion 81m of the arc electrode 81.
When energized, the current flows vertically in the thickness direction of the arc electrode 81 to the adapter 4, and since this electrical path is very short, there is almost no problem with heat generation, and the highly durable vacuum interconnector 1. Grapes can be provided.

In particular, as in the second invention, the adapter 4 is provided with a pair of arcuate portions 44, and the tips 44& of each arcuate portion 44 and the tip of the arcuate portion 82c of the coil electrode 82 are opposed to each other and axially In the case of stacking and arranging, there is an advantage that the number of loops increases and a larger magnetic flux density can be obtained. It is suitable for vacuum interrupters.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a front sectional view of a conventional vacuum interrupter, Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the electrode in Figure 1, Figures 8 and 4 are plan views and cross-sectional views of electrodes with other configurations, and Figure 5. 5 is a perspective view of the adapter in FIG. 8
The figure is a perspective view of the reinforcing body, FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the main part of the electrode according to the second invention of the present application, W, 1° view and FIG. 11 magnetic flux density in the first invention and the second invention It is a distribution map. 1 is a vacuum interrogator, 10 is a vacuum container, 15 and 1 [
5 is a lead wire, 2 and 8 are electrodes, 21 and 81 are arc electrodes, 22 and 82 are coil electrodes, 82b is an arm, 82o
is a circular arc portion, 88 is a high resistance spacer, 84 is a connection fitting, 4
42 is an arm, 43 is a connection part, and 44 is an arcuate part. Fig. 1 16 Fig. 3"-34 32a 32c C proboscis 5 32b Fig. 9 2b 0 20 40 60 R (mm) IH prisoner 0 20 40 60 R (mm)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A lead rod that can be relatively moved toward and away from the vacuum container is provided to penetrate the vacuum container in an airtight manner, and is formed into a disk shape from a material with low conductivity and has high conductivity on the back side of the contact part. An arc electrode whose central part is the contact part is provided inside the Ada 1 Yuushi made of 100% material. , high resistance spacing made of low conductivity material? a pair of radial arms provided at an inner end of each lead rod through a pair of radial arms, the inner end of which is connected to the lead rod;
An axial magnetic field consisting of a pair of arcuate parts each having one end connected to each outer end of the pair of arms and extending in a curved manner in the circumferential direction? A coil electrode for generating electricity is provided on the back side of the contact portion of the arc electrode, and a pair of arms extending in the entire radial direction of the adapter, and a connecting portion 7 provided at each outer end of the pair of arms are provided. Each connection provided by the adapter is configured and provided with l!
1- and the tip of the circular arc portion of the coil electrode are connected to each other via a connecting base J- located in the r-axis direction Y41iiIv1
1. vacuum interrupter. (2) A lead rod that can be relatively approached and separated from the inside of the vacuum container, is installed to penetrate the vacuum container in an airtight manner, is formed into a disk shape from a material with low conductivity, and has a high conductivity on the back side of the contact part. An arc electrode t1 is provided at the inner end of each lead rod through a high resistance spacer made of a material with low conductivity, and the inner end a pair of radial arms whose portions are connected to the lead rod;
A coil electrode, which is formed by a pair of arcuate parts each having one end connected to each outer end of the pair of arms and extending in a curved manner in the circumferential direction, generates an axial magnetic field. All of the coil electrodes are connected to the back side of the contact part of the arc electrode. a pair of arms extending in the entire radial direction of the adapter, one end connected to each outer end of the pair of arms, and the other end approaching close to the other arm; an arcuate portion curved in the circumferential direction, the tip of the arcuate portion of the coil electrode in the extending direction facing the tip of the arcuate portion of the adapter in the extending direction, and A vacuum interrupter characterized in that all valves of the connecting fittings located in the axial direction are arranged one on top of the other and are connected together.