JPS5820792A - Vertical tower type composting device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an upright base type composting apparatus, particularly an apparatus suitable for composting livestock manure.

Conventionally, various types of composting devices are known. Among these, upright base type composting equipment (hereinafter referred to as upright base type equipment) has the great advantage of requiring less space; , there is a serious disability. That is, in this type of equipment, the vertical column usually has a sieve size of 4 to 5 m and an inner diameter of 2 to 5 m.
The equivalent of a 3-meter stable and one day's processing of a Bat is used, and since livestock manure usually contains about 80% to 90% moisture, sawdust and rice husks are used to adjust the moisture content and improve air permeability. , 4 (Also, there is Kokichi, which uses the compost itself processed by the composting equipment as a moisture adjustment material.

) and the like to lower the water content to about 60 g, which is successively fed from the top of the tower, and the composted product is charged from the bottom of the tower and taken out successively according to the amount of manure supplied. It usually takes 3 to 4 days from charging the waste urine to removing the compost, during which time air is supplied evenly to the material to be processed from an air supply device installed in the tower, and aerobic fermentation takes place. It is done.

The temperature inside the column rises due to this fermentation, and is lowered to about 30 to 40 degrees Celsius by the time mentioned above. The compost is taken out by a screw conveyor or other transport device installed at the bottom of the tower, but the problem lies in this removal. In other words, there is a significant amount of pressure on this conveyor.
Therefore, the screw conveyor must be extremely durable and self-sufficient, and the energy required for operation is enormous. Therefore, the scale of the device that could be put to practical use was limited to a daily processing capacity of 3, and the cost of the equipment and operating costs were still high, which was a cause of hindering the widespread use of this persimmon device d.

The present invention solves these problems, does not require a particularly strong and powerful compost removal device, requires less energy to operate, and has a large-scale processing capacity far greater than conventional devices. It is an object of the present invention to provide a useful upright type device that can be operated smoothly.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing an example of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the entire device of the present invention, with a portion cut away to show a cross section. FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional front view of the bottom of the upright tower of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the compost discharge mechanism at the bottom of the upright tower.

In the figure, 1 is an upright tower that ferments compost raw materials (livestock manure) and turns it into compost, 2 is a widening part formed at the bottom of the upright tower, and 3 is a pillar with a mountain-shaped cross section installed at the bottom of the upright tower. a dispersion body, 4 is a screw conveyor provided below the dispersion body 3 and along this dispersion body 3 for discharging the compost to the outside of the tower, 5 is provided at the bottom of the vertical tower, This is a collection screw conveyor for feeding compost to the screw conveyor 4, and a large number of screw conveyors are installed in parallel over the entire surface of the upright base.

6 is a bar conveyor for supplying compost raw material to the upper part of the vertical tower; 7 is a compost raw material supply port provided on the upper surface of the vertical tower; 8
is the outer wall of the vertical tower 1, and the inside is made of iron plates and the outside is made of a heat insulating material such as foamed resin or glass cooler. 9 is a compost discharge port; 10 is a belt conveyor that sends the extracted compost to a desired location; 11 is a storage tank for compost raw materials (for example, livestock manure); 12 is a suction pump for transporting the compost raw materials;
13 is a conduit for compost raw materials, 14 is a screw conveyor.
15 is a motor for diverting the gathering screw conveyor 2, 16 is a speed reducer, 17 is a blow pipe that sends air into the vertical tower 1, and 18 is an air 2 (
〜γ Sending blower,] 9 is an exhaust pipe that takes out the gas, water, etc. that are produced as a result of fermentation in the vertical tower; 22 is a deodorizing device.

In FIG. 1, a storage tank 11 for compost raw materials, a suction pump 12, a blower 18, and a deodorizing device 22 are shown for convenience of drawing.
The pictures are on the top, but these are L tower 1 etc.% jr7
When the main unit is installed, it is installed on the same ground surface.

The compost raw material stored in the storage tank 1 is transferred to the screw conveyor 4 via a conduit 13 by a suction pump 12.
A riko moireru. At this time, although not shown, waste sawdust and mulberry to adjust moisture content and improve air permeability are mixed from another specialist, or part of the compost generated by the processing of this device is mixed so that the moisture content is 60%. Adjust so that it is about 1&. This compost raw material is sent to the bar conveyor 6 by rotating the screw conveyor 4 so as to advance in the direction of arrow A, and is charged into the upright tower 1 from the compost raw material supply lower by this bar conveyor 6.

This compost material undergoes aerobic fermentation due to forced ventilation from the air pipe 7 and is turned into compost. Air pipe 17 for forced ventilation
The structure and installation location are not limited to the method shown in the drawings, and may be any other method employed in this ridge composting apparatus. As a result of fermentation, carbon dioxide gas is generated and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 19, but the inside of the tower rises in temperature due to fermentation.
(temperature rises to about 70° C.), water vapor is also included in the exhaust gas, and as composting progresses, the moisture content of the material to be treated decreases. This exhaust gas is sent to the deodorizing device i22,
Here, for example, they are showered with cleaning fluid, deodorized, and released into the atmosphere.

In the vertical tower 1, raw materials are sequentially supplied from the top of the tower, and compost is taken out from the bottom of the tower as described later. The extraction fireflies are adjusted.

In this way, the compost raw material gradually descends inside the vertical tower 1, and the lower part of the vertical tower 1 has a widening part 2 as shown in the figure.
is formed, and a columnar dispersion element 3 whose height is approximately equal to the height of this end widening part 2 is fixed in the horizontal direction through approximately the center of the upright tower bottom (2). This dispersion body 3 may be shifted to one side from the center of the bottom of the tower (in Fig. 2, it is 1 t to the right or left), but from the point of view of efficiency, as shown in Fig. 2, It is preferable to provide it approximately in the center.

This dispersion 3 has a chevron-shaped cross section. However, the cross section is not limited to a precise isosceles triangle, and the surface that touches the slope may be slightly curved. It is better near the point, but
It may be somewhat higher or lower than this.

Below this columnar dispersion body 3, there is a transport device, a screw conveyor 4, for discharging the produced compost out of the tower along the installation location of the dispersion body 3, that is, so that it is hidden by the dispersion body 3 when viewed from above. (In addition, a belt conveyor, a bar conveyor 4 J: A) l) A conveying device, such as a screw conveyor 5, which conveys the compost at the bottom of the tower to the groove 4' in which the screw conveyor 4 is installed.
will be established. This screw conveyor 5 is shown in Figures 2 and 3.
As shown in the figure, the compost is placed above the position of the screw conveyor 4, that is, the compost is placed in the groove 4 of the screw conveyor 4.
A large number of screws are provided in parallel around the groove 41 of the screw conveyor 4 at the position 1d to facilitate feeding.

For this reason, the end-widening portion 2 is
It is best to form it into a rectangular shape near the installation. The -7 horizontal plane of the upright tower 1 may be circular, square, hexagonal or other polygonal.

Since the lower part of the vertical column in the apparatus of the present invention has a single structure as shown in t, the material to be treated, which has been sequentially moving downward in the vertical column 1, is not forced to change its course in two directions by the dispersion body 3. A force is applied to the γL1 workpiece to break it into pieces, and the gravitational force applied to the screw conveyor 5 is relieved. In order to effectively perform this action, the increase in the area of the lower part of the tower due to the formation of the widening part 2 and the reduction in the area of the lower part of the tower due to the installation of the dispersion body 3 are balanced. It is best to design it so that the relationship is as follows.

Since the screw conveyor 4 is located below the dispersion body 3, the gravity of the material to be treated in the vertical tower 1 is not affected, and therefore, the produced compost can be easily and smoothly discharged.

In the one shown in FIG. 1, the screw conveyor 4 has both a transport device for transporting the compost raw material from its storage tank 11 to the bar conveyor 6, and a transport device for discharging the produced compost to the outside of the tower. In the former case, the screw is rotated so that the transported object moves in the direction of arrow B (see Figure 1), and in the latter case, the screw is rotated so that the transported object moves in the direction of arrow B (see Figure 1 ).However, it is of course possible to charge the compost raw materials to the vertical tower 1 by using a separate transportation tank, regardless of this method.

The generated compost is discharged to the outside of the tower from an outlet 9 by a conveyor 4, and is transported to a desired location by a belt conveyor 10.

As described above, according to the device of the present invention, there is no need for a particularly durable and powerful discharge device for the generated compost, and less power is required for operation, and composting can be easily and smoothly carried out. It can be made much larger than conventional ones.

Next, livestock manure (80 to 90% water content) is processed using the equipment shown in the attached drawing.
) will be described.

For livestock urination, produced livestock manure compost (40% moisture) is added to the fail using the device itself to adjust the moisture content to approximately 60q6.

The dimensions of the vertical tower and its operational status are as follows.

Upright tower height: 4.4m Same inner diameter: 2.7m Expansion at end: 9 sections 1mm Side length of the square part at the bottom of the floor
3.2 m Diameter of screw conveyor 5
24 cm Number of screws: 14 Diameter of screw conveyor 4: 24 pieces
Number of pieces: 2 Stripes of the dispersion: 1m Width of the lower side of the dispersion: 7ocrn Compost raw material preparation process
3t/day compost extraction
40 o #t/day Power for screw conveyor 4: 1.5KW Power used for screw conveyor 5: 0.75KW To operate this device, as mentioned above, an extremely small amount of power is sufficient, and it is the most oriental influence. The torque applied to the receiving screw conveyor 5 was approximately 20 kg per screw conveyor. On the same scale, in an upright base machine without the dispersion body 3 and without the flared part 2, the torque applied to the screw conveyor is approximately 2 per screw conveyor.
It's expensive, like 1,000 yen. From these facts, it is thought that the apparatus of the present invention can be made even larger and can be put to practical use with a daily throughput of 100 tons.

What has been explained above, described in the examples, and shown in the drawings is related to typical V++ indications to help understanding the present invention, and the invention is not limited to these ρU indications. Rather, other variations and modifications can be made within the gist of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an example of the device of the present invention, and is shown in cross section with a portion thereof cut away. 21g1fd A longitudinal sectional front view of an example of the lower part of the upright tower of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the compost discharge mechanism at the lower part of the upright tower. In the figure, 1 is the upright tower, 2 is the widening part formed at the bottom of the upright tower, 3 is the dispersion, 4 is the screw conveyor that discharges the produced compost into the tower, and 5 is the location of the screw conveyor 4 for discharging the compost into the tower. It is a screw conveyor that gathers at the bottom.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In the upright tower type IJ piping equipment, a wooden floor is formed at the bottom of the upright tower, and a columnar dispersion with a chevron-shaped cross section is placed horizontally at the bottom of the upright tower, and below this dispersion, A structure in which a transport device is provided along the dispersion body to discharge the generated compost to the outside of the tower, and a transport device is further provided at the bottom of the vertical tower to send the compost toward the transport device.