JPS5820756B2 - Ryuutaiisouseigiyosouchi - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for pneumatic transport of particulate matter, in particular an abrasive blasting apparatus.
atus).

Since the most common type of abrasive grain is sand, this device is similar to a normal sand blasting device.
It is called tus).

This device basically consists of a pressure hose and a nozzle.

The hose is connected to an outlet of the air directing member having an air flow path.

Compressed air is supplied to the air channel and blown through the channel, hose, and nozzle at a predetermined velocity and pressure.

The device also includes a granule container associated with the granule directing member.

The particle directing member has a particle flow path communicating with the air flow path.

Sand or other particles are passed through a particle channel within the compressed air passageway and into the air channel.

There, the air picks up the sand, carries it along the hose, and blows it out at high speed through a nozzle at the end of the hose.

The operator manipulates the nozzle to direct the sand toward the target.

The air flow path and the particle flow path typically form a T-shaped flow path system.

One of the problems associated with this type of device is the following.

That is, when the air flow path is temporarily interrupted to stop operation, particulates continue to flow into the air flow path and accumulate there.

Then again, when the airflow starts flowing, the flow path becomes partially or completely blocked by the particles.

For example, in sand blowing equipment, such a phenomenon can result in a very strong particle bursting effect from the hose.
t) occurs and the whipping action of the hose occurs.
action) occurs.

Not only is the particle itself dangerous, but the flogging action of the hose is also dangerous to the operator.

If sand accumulates in the air flow path, it will damage the sand blowing device itself.
In particular, if the air flow path is completely blocked, air will not flow.

If the sand begins to flow before the air begins to flow at a given volume and speed, a similar phenomenon will occur upon start-up of the device.

Various devices have been devised to solve the skew problem.

One such example is US Pat. No. 3,148,484, which prevents sand from flowing until the air reaches a certain pressure.

However, this device is relatively complex.

Some of its moving parts are likely to be interfered with by sand.

Furthermore, the problem of sand continuing to flow after blocking the airflow remains unsolved.

As a solution to this problem, attempts have been made to control air and sand separately.

As yet another attempt, U.S. Patent No. 3.139.7
There is one provided by No. 05.

This is an electronic device that automatically blocks the sand flow when the air suddenly stops.

The present invention provides a new solution to the above problems, which is simpler, more convenient, more complete and more satisfactory.

The control means of the present invention is for separately closing the air flow path and the particle flow path.

A sequencing mechanism having a control fluid passage therein is operatively coupled to the closure means.

A single switch or the like is provided for selectively flowing the control fluid in the desired flow manner within the control fluid passageway.

In the most basic form, both closure means are open, and the first flow mode is selected for use when it is desired to close them to shut down the device.

When the control fluid flows in this first flow mode, a sequence mechanism operates, first closing the particle flow path and then closing the air flow path by means of the respective closing means.

It is therefore an object of the invention to first close the particle flow path and then close the air flow path to shut down the device.

In a preferred embodiment, both closures are closed, selecting the second flow regime to be used when it is desired to open the closures to start the device.

When the control fluid is flowing in the second flow mode, the sequencing mechanism first opens the air flow path and then opens the particle flow path.

The invention therefore also aims at starting the device by first opening the air flow path and then opening the particle flow path.

Yet another object is to provide control means.

That is, the purpose is to enable the air flow path and the particle flow path to be opened and closed in a desired sequence using only one switch or the like.

In a preferred embodiment, a sequencing mechanism is provided which is actuated by internal, relatively dimensioned passageways, in order to enable the two closure means to be opened and closed with relative speed.

In particular, when the device is closed, the air flow path is closed more slowly than the particle flow path.

During one-way starting, the particle flow path is opened more slowly than the air flow path.

Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a control means with a sequence mechanism capable of controlling the relative operating speeds of the two closure means.

Each closing means is a diaphragm or a piston that opens the flow path in response to a large pressure applied to one side thereof and opens a flow path in response to a large pressure applied to the other side; It has a movable actuating device such as.

The control fluid passages of the sequencing mechanism are connected directly to the appropriate sides of the movable actuator, and the control fluid enters and exits these portions to actuate the closure means.

Accordingly, it is another object of the present invention to provide a control means in which the control fluid of a sequence mechanism operates a movable actuator that alternately opens and closes a flow path.

Other objects, features, etc. of the present invention will become clear from the detailed description of the invention and drawings presented below.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, a pneumatic conveying device 10 incorporating a control device according to the present invention is used by being attached to a sandblasting device.

In the following, we will explain the implementation of a sandblasting device as an example, but it is not necessarily limited to this, and the present invention can also be applied to any equipment in which powder and granules are collected and transferred along a flow path by the flow of air or other fluid. It is possible to carry out the invention.

Now, the air transport device 10 has an air directing section.
cting' portion).

Air directing part has fittings 30, 40
These fittings have an air passage 1 passing through them.
It has 2.

The powder fluid flow path 14 passes through the powder fluid directing portion consisting of the slide member 54, the elastic ring 46, and the fixture 40, and the air flow path 1
2 intersects at right angles.

A source of compressed air 16 is connected to the inlet 18 of the air flow path 12 by a hose 20.

Another hose 22 is connected to the outlet 24 of the air flow path 12.

A nozzle 26 is provided at the other end of the hose 22.

In use, this nozzle 26 is used to sandblast an object.

Air flow path 12 extends from inlet 18 of fixture 30 toward an initially vertically oriented portion 28 .

A diaphragm consisting of upper and lower housing members 32 and 34.

The housing is joined to a fitting 30 with apertures 36 in lower housing member 34 aligned with vertically oriented portions 28 of flow passages 12.

The hole 36, the diaphragm chamber 38 partitioned by the diaphragm housing, and the plurality of holes 39 provided in the lower housing member 34 form an air flow path.
It communicates with another vertically oriented portion 39 of the air passageway 12 provided in the fixture 30 .

Outside of these areas, the air flow path is generally horizontal and extends through the fitting 30 and the tubular fitting 40 to the outlet 24 of the fitting 40.

A diaphragm 42 mounted between the upper and lower housing members 32,34 operates to open and close the air passage 12 by opening and closing the hole 36 in response to the pressure distribution on its upper and lower sides.

That is, the diaphragm 42 functions as an actuating device that closes off the air flow path.

Since the diaphragm 42 is urged downward by a compression spring 44 provided within the upper housing member 32,
If the pressure in the upper chamber 38 of the diaphragm 42 becomes greater than or equal to the pressure in the bore 36, the air passage 12 is closed.

When the pressure in the hole 36 becomes greater than the pressure in the upper chamber 38,
The diaphragm moves upwardly, opening the air flow path as shown in FIG.

The powder flow path 14 is divided into three parts.

The first portion extends through the fitting 40 with a hole 48 and the air flow path 1
It intersects with 2.

The second portion 50 includes a resilient ring 4 held within an annular projection 52 concentric with the hole 48 and projecting from the outer wall of the fixture 40.
It passes through 6.

A third portion of the powder flow path extends within the slide member 54.

The slide member 54 has an annular end 56 at the bottom, which abuts one end of the elastic ring 46 in the axial direction.

The other end of the resilient ring 46 rests on an outer surface 58 of the fitting 40 between the bore 48 and the annular projection 52.

The annular end 56 of the slide member 54 is connected to the elastic ring 4.
The diameter is such that it fits within the annular protrusion 52 when it is positioned opposite to the annular protrusion 52.

The elastic ring 46 is chamfered as shown at 45.47 to prevent the annular end 56 and annular protrusion 52 from digging into the elastic body.

The slide member 54 is provided with a radially extending piston 60 which acts as a particulate flow path closing actuator.

The casing 62 with an open end surrounds the piston 60 and a portion of the slide member 54 excluding the piston 60, and forms a sliding path between the piston 60 and the adjacent portion 70.

The inner surface of the casing 62 seals the adjacent portion 70 of the slide member 54 by sealing materials 72, 74, 76;
A closure portion 66 is formed at the top of the piston 60 .

The casing 62 is attached to the fixture 4 by means of a sufrado bolt 64.
0.

When a pressure greater than the pressure (atmospheric pressure) at the bottom of the piston is applied to the closed portion 66 at the top of the piston, the slide member 54 moves downward.

The annular end 56 of the slide member 54 compresses the elastic ring 46 in the axial direction, crushing the elastic ring 46 as shown in FIG. 4, and closing the powder flow path.

An annular recess 68 is provided on the underside of the piston 60 to receive the annular projection 52 as the piston 60 moves downwardly.

When the pressure is released from the closure part 66 at the top of the piston, the elastic ring 4
6 pushes the slide member 54 upward to return to its original normal shape and open the powder flow path.

The control device according to the present invention has a flow path line (ne't) for a control fluid.
work of ContrOl fluidpass
ag'eways).

The sequencer is operated by a control fluid (preferably air from an air source 16).

The sequencing device includes an upright portion 78 of the upper housing member 32 of the diaphragm chamber, a conduit 80 through which the sequencing device is connected to a source of control fluid, a valve 82 within the conduit 80, and a closed portion above the piston 60. conduit 84 connected to 66
It is becoming more and more.

Referring to FIG. 3, upright portion 78 includes a main control fluid passageway consisting of holes 86 and 88 and short branch holes 98. Referring to FIG.

Hole 86 is formed by drilling a hole through upright portion 78 and later plugging both ends.

A hole 88 extends inwardly from the top of upright portion 78 and extends inwardly from the top of upright portion 78 .
It intersects with

Hole 88 provides an inlet for the main control fluid passage.

Conduit 80 is connected to the opening of hole 88 .

An air blockage passage 90 connects the main control fluid passage and the upper chamber of the diaphragm.

A one-way valve 92 in the air closure passageway 90 allows control fluid to flow through the upper chamber 38 and into the main control fluid passageway, but not in the opposite direction.

The bleed hole 94 has a smaller diameter than the air blockage passage 90 and connects the main control fluid passage and the upper chamber 38.

The powder closure passageway has a hole 100 and a conduit 84 connecting the main control fluid passageway to a closure section 66 above the piston 60.

A one-way valve 96 in the powder blockage passage allows control fluid to flow through the closure portion 66 into the main control fluid passageway and not in the opposite direction.

The bleed hole 102 is smaller in diameter than the powder blockage passage and connects the main control fluid passage with the powder blockage passage hole 100 and thus with the closure portion 66 .

A two-way valve 82 is located at a suitable location within conduit 80 between upright 78 and the source of control fluid.

Valve 82 has a hollow valve body 106 with a valve element 104 rotatable therein by a bundle 114.

The valve body 106 has three radially drilled holes 108.1.
It has 10,116.

Holes 110 and 116 are connected upstream and downstream of conduit 80 by suitable fittings.

Hole 108 communicates with the atmosphere.

Valve element 104 has a curved passageway 112.

In the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 2, valve element 104 has passageway 112 at both ends with holes 108 and 116, and hole 110 is occluded by the solid portion of valve element 104.

Twisting bundle 114 causes valve element 104 to rotate, displacing passageway 112 into the position shown in phantom in FIG.
The ends of the hole mate with the holes 116 and 110.

As shown in FIG. 2, the air channel and the particle channel are opened by their closure devices.

To close and occlude the device, valve element 104 is rotated to the position shown in phantom in FIG. 2 to open conduit 80.

Pressurized control fluid flows through the control fluid passageway.

It then first flows into the main control fluid passages 88,86.

The control fluid passes through the one-way valve 96 and into the particle blockage passage 98,1.
00.84 and into the closed portion 66 at the top of the piston 60.

Then, the piston 60 moves downward and quickly closes the particle flow path.

Piston 60 moves downwardly and closes the particle flow path relatively quickly.

Incidentally, the flow of the control fluid into the air-blocking passage 90 is blocked by the one-way valve 92 .

The control fluid gradually bleeds into the upper life 38 of the diaphragm bleed hole 94 .

Pressure is gradually applied to the upper chamber 38, gradually pushing the diaphragm downward to close the particle flow path and then the air flow path.

Thus, the sequencing mechanism not only controls the order in which the two passages are occluded, but also the relative speed at which the passages are occluded.

The machine operator has the advantage of being able to accomplish the -sequence actuation by moving a single switch, ie bundle 114, only once.

To reopen the two flow paths and start the device, valve bundle 114 is rotated to bring valve element 104 once again to the solid line position in FIG. 2.

As a result, control fluid flows into the control fluid passage.

The solid line position of valve element 104 communicates upright portion 78 with the atmosphere and pressurized control fluid within upper chamber 38 and closure portion 66 exits.

Fluid within upper chamber 38 escapes from air closure passageway 90 through one-way valve 92, hole 88, and valve 82 to the atmosphere.

As a result, the pressure within the upper chamber 38 rapidly decreases.

The pressure upstream of the hole 36 and the air passageway 12 pushes the diaphragm 42 upward, causing the air passageway 12 to open rapidly and allow air to flow.

On the other hand, the control fluid passing through the particle blockage passage 100 from the closed portion 66 is blocked by the one-way valve 96 .

Control fluid thus flows from the particle blockage passageway 100 through the bleed hole 102 and out the hole 86 to the atmosphere.

As the pressure in the closure part 66 gradually escapes, the elastic ring 46 gradually pushes up the slide member 54 and begins to open the particle flow path 14 after air begins to flow from the air flow path 12 .

Again, the order of actuation and relative speed of the two closure devices is controlled by a sequencing mechanism.

This operation can also be accomplished with a single adjustment of valve bundle 114 by the operator.

As mentioned above, the control system of the present invention is advantageous because the control fluid is compressed air provided by connecting an air source to the air flow path.

Several embodiments based on the scope of the claims are shown below.

■ The sequence mechanism operates in the controlled driftwood passage in order to first open the air passage with the air passage obstruction device and then open the granule passage with the particle passage obstruction device when both of the obstruction devices are closed. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a device responsive to a second flow mode of the control fluid, and further comprising a device for selectively causing the control fluid to flow in the second flow mode. .

■ The device responsive to the first flow mode operates to block the flow path slower than the blockage of the particle flow path, and the device responsive to the second flow mode operates to open the particle flow path faster than the air flow path. The control device according to embodiment I, characterized in that it is operative to slow down.

■ The sequence mechanism has a one-way valve in the particulate blockage passage which is actuated by a pressure in the second part that is greater than the pressure in the main control fluid passage to close the particulate blockage passage; 3. The control device according to claim 2, further comprising a second bleed hole having a diameter smaller than that of the main control fluid passage connecting the body-occluded passages.

■Claim 1 characterized in that the control fluid consists of compressed air from a supply device, and the control device has a device for selectively spouting the compressed air from the supply device into the control flow main passage of the sequence mechanism. Control device as described.

(2) The control device according to claim 1, wherein the air transfer device is an abrasive particle spraying device, and the particles are abrasive particles.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an air powder transport device incorporating a control device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1 and is a sectional view of the sequence mechanism. FIG. 4 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the flow path closing device for powder and granular material, showing the closed state thereof. FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram when the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is used in a sandblasting device. In the figure, 10...°・Air transfer device, 12・
...Air flow path, 14...Particle flow path, 16
...Compressed air, 18...Inlet (of air flow path), 20...Hose, 22...Hose, 24...Outlet , 26... nozzle, 28... vertically oriented portion, 29...
...Vertically facing part, 30...Mounting tool, 3
2... Upper housing member, 34... Lower housing member, 36... Hole, 38...
・Upper chamber (of diaphragm), 39... Hole, 4
0... Mounting tool, 42... Diaphragm, 44... Compression spring, 46... Elastic ring, 52... Annular protrusion, 54...Slide member, 56...Annular end, 60...Piston, 62...Casing, 64...
・Sfurado bolt, 66... Closing part (at the top of the piston), 68... Annular recess, 72, 74,
76... Seal material, 78... Upright portion (of upper housing member), 80... Conduit, 82...
... Valve, 84 ... Conduit, 86 ...
- Hole, 88... Hole, 90... Air blockage passage, 92... One-way valve, 94... Bleed hole, 98...・Branch hole, 100...
Hole, 102... Bleed hole, 104...
・Curved passage, 106...Hollow valve body, 108...
...hole (of the valve body), 110... (of the valve body)
Hole, 112... Passage, 114... Bundle, 116... (Valve body) hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Consisting of the following a to d, an air directing section having an air flow path, a device for supplying compressed air to the air flow path, and an air flow path for discharging particles into the air flow path. A control device for use with a granule air transfer device of the type including a granule directing section having a communicating granule flow path. a) an air flow path closure device operative to open and close said air flow path; b) A granule flow path closure device that operates to open and close the granule flow path. C) a sequence mechanism; including a device operatively connected to the air flow path closure device and the particulate flow path closure device, having a control fluid passageway, and responsive to a first flow regime of control fluid within the control fluid passageway;
When both the air flow path blocking device and the granule flow path blocking device are open, the granule flow path is first blocked by the granule flow path blocking device, and then the air flow path is closed by the air flow path blocking device. It looks like this. d) A device for selectively causing the control fluid to flow in a second flow mode. 2 a) an air flow path occlusion device having a first side and a second side, the air flow path being responsive to a pressure on the first side greater than a pressure on the second side to occlude the air flow path; b) the granule flow path occluding device has a first side and a second side, and the granule flow path occluding device is configured to actuate the granules in response to a pressure on the first side that is greater than a pressure on the second side; C) The sequence mechanism further includes a main control fluid passage, an inlet for discharging the control fluid into the main control fluid passage, and an air flow passage closure actuation device. an air occlusion passageway connecting the first side portion and the main control fluid passage; and an air occlusion passageway actuated by a pressure in the main control fluid passageway that is greater than the pressure within the first side portion to occlude the air occlusion passageway. a first bleed hole having a smaller diameter than the main control fluid passage connecting the main control fluid passage to the first side portion; 2. The control device according to claim 1, further comprising a particle-occluded passage having a diameter larger than a bleed hole connecting the control fluid passages.