JPS58195965A - Program switching controlling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a memory access in case of halting and restarting a program and to guarantee high responsiveness and a high processing property, by storing program state transition information in a high speed storage device which is different from a main storage device, when the program is halted. CONSTITUTION:when a program 2A is halted in the course of processing, state transition information of the program 2A is shifted to an area 4I of a high speed storage device 4. Both a flag showing that information of the area 4I is effective, and information showing a halt program are stored in a state transition control information storage area 4X. After the information is stored, the control is transferred to an operating system program 2X. If half occurs in the program 2X which obtains a control right, the state transistion information of the program 2A stored in the area 4I is transferred to a fixed area 3A on a main storage device in accordance with state transition control information stored in the area 4X, the flag set in the area 4X is reset, and the control is transferred to other program 2B.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a program switching control method in a system capable of parallel operation, and in particular, by temporarily leading state transition information of an interrupted program onto a high-speed storage device.
The present invention relates to a program switching control method suitable for online/systems requiring high responsiveness t'.

In information processing *W, for the purpose of making effective use of the processing equipment, or for the purpose of immediately running a highly urgent program in response to a request, interrupting a currently running program and running a highly urgent program, In the SIRAM, which allows the parallel operation of the sanction program, the program interruption/resumption mechanism, ie, the 10 ghum switching control method, plays an important role.

In order to be able to resume an interrupted friend program from the point where it was interrupted, the vK state when the program was running at the time of interruption must be preserved.

This is because the situation must be repeated when restarting. This state generally refers to the combination of registers inside the processing device, such as the arithmetic register 6 or the pace register, the general register used as an in-disk register, and the program (in this patent specification, This t'L is called state transition information).

Conventionally, there are two known methods that can be broadly classified depending on how this state transition information is stored.

One method is to allocate areas for storing state transition information for each program. This f'L is due to the fact that program status MJ44 transfer tlI information is required for each program. Therefore, the area where the state transition information is saved/saved is where the program is stored. Reserved in main memory. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of this method.

In FIG. 1, the program currently being executed in the lri main storage device 2A, 2B is the program in which the program in 2A was interrupted, the program to be executed after gaining control, and 4]IK,
2C, 2D, ..., 2N are 2B, 2, respectively
C、・・・・・・・・・'s grog tsum is interrupted stone fI-
After that, the program is executed with control right 1r obtained. Also, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, etc.

3NFi respectively, Grogu 2mu 2A, 2B, 2C.

2D, .

Mt! on the main memory! [Programs 2A and 2B.

2C, 2D, ......, 2N exist, and when two programs who have obtained control are executing processing, if the control is transferred to control #mt-2B due to interruption, the state of the two programs The transition information is applied to program 2A4C11 and the following tm
After storing the area on the scissor holder for three people, transfer it to the control program 28. If an interruption occurs while program 2B is running, the state transition information of program 2B will be allocated to program 2B and stored in main storage area 3.
B, and then transfer control to program 20. Similarly, programs 2C, 2D, . . . , 2N
When an interruption occurs during the execution of , the respective state transition information t
%, areas 3C, 3D, etc. on the main memory, respectively.
・I store it in 3N, and after the crisis, transfer control to the program that acquires control 1iIII in the new nine.

When the computer program 2C that has gained control rights finishes processing, for example, when the computer program 2D finishes processing, the state transition information f of the program 2C stored in the area 3D on the main storage device is restored. Then, control #grog 2m 2CK is executed. Similarly, areas 3C, 3B, 3 on the main memory
A's state transition clears St- while restoring control rights to 2C, 2
B, return to 2A.

Through the series of operations described above, each interrupted program can restart its processing, but this method has the following drawbacks. That is, since the state transition information uses the main memory, which takes a relatively long time to access, it is impossible to switch programs at high speed compared to the time it takes to switch programs.

Next, even if you try to put this in a high-speed memory with a short access time and directly above it, the high-speed and IJi devices that are expensive and have limited capacity require a one-to-one state transition @ storage area for the program. This makes it difficult to increase speed.

Another method is to store state transition information using a first-in, last-out stack. 2
The figure is an explanatory diagram of this method.

In the figure, 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2N are the same as in FIG. 3
is an area on main memory that is used as a stack. 3 is an area for storing state transition information, which part of the area stores the state transition information of which program.
It is not determined whether it is used to store i, that is, 3 is stored in 3 when a program interruption occurs and state transition information needs to be stored, Information 3X showing how far area 3 has been covered by 1e
(lIfi brutal Stanokuboi/Rito Kano ti'nru) t-1
There is a new way to do it. When recovering state transition information, 3X
The state transition information is extracted from 3 according to the information in .

This method eliminates the need to prepare an area for storing state transition information in relation to the program.
By placing it directly above the i theory, it is possible to speed up the process. However, as the name of the first-in, last-out method suggests, the order in which programs are executed is limited. for example,
In Figure 2, two programs are interrupted during execution, program 2B is executed, program 2B is interrupted during execution, program 2C is executed, and program 2C is interrupted during execution. When the state is reached, the color, program 2C
, 28, it is not possible to resume the program 2 from the interrupted point, because program 2At
- Information 3A necessary for restarting is 3A in stack 3.
This is because it cannot be taken out unless 0.3B is taken out.

Therefore, this method cannot perform flexible program scheduling by switching programs according to events. It has drawbacks that make it inapplicable to single-time alumina systems.

Misfire 15IL C. Stores (saved) program state transition information that occurs when a program is interrupted, quickly recovers program state transition information that occurs when a program is opened, and does not impose restrictions on the restart order after interruption. The purpose of this invention is to achieve high-speed and flexible program switching by realizing a program switching control method.

In the following discussion, program interruptions are classified into the following three types II4.

In other words, when the operating system has control over interrupts that occur asynchronously with the processing of the middle program,
This case is called case (■) interruption.

fil) When a program issues a processing request to the operating system and control is passed to the operating system, this case is called case (2) interruption.

Based on the judgment of the operating system, new/cjC
If you want to transfer control to another blog program, or transfer control to another program that has been suspended (referred to as dispatch processing for a blog program), use ft in this case. This is called an interruption.

The above three are considered to be program interruptions.

Considering whether the program state transition information must be stored in the program state transition information storage area at the time of interruption in each of these cases, it can be seen that storage processing is not necessary in the case of the case gate.

This is because case ■ can only occur following case ■ and case ■, and the state transition information should have been stored in the storage area by the interruption process in case 1.11. be. In addition, in the present invention, the area for recording state 4 of the program 1 is not in a one-to-one correspondence with the program in the high-speed memory IJI [table F in the central processing unit], but is fixedly reserved as n1 Commonly used by several programs. In case multiple programs are interrupted at 4 o'clock, it would be inconvenient to prepare a large number of 10g areas on a one-to-one basis, so we decided to
Two programs have been interrupted, and program 2 has newly gained control.
When the program is interrupted, the state transition information of the previously interrupted program is transferred to the transfer information storage IJ 'f, which is secured one-to-one with the program in the main memory, and '#Next?
State transition information when the program that obtained ff1J#4m is interrupted is stored in an area on the high-speed storage device. In order to make this possible, in the present invention, an area is provided directly above the program in which the friend-S transfer information is stored in one-to-one correspondence with the program, and a state transition information storage area on the high-speed storage device is provided. Information indicating which program the state transition information stored in is the latest information when the program was interrupted, and whether or not the state WI4 transition information on the high-speed memory 11 device is valid.
L is called the state transition side 04 report) is stored on a high-speed storage device together with the state transition information. When moving the state transition information to the state transition information memory 11 area 'I on the main memory, it is moved according to this state transition control information, and f'L is moved to l! New. In other words, the state transition control information includes information indicating whether the state transition information in the high-speed storage device is valid or old, and information indicating which program in the main storage device the state transition information should be associated with and stored in the nyt area. When restarting an interrupted program, the state transition information is recovered from the area on the current storage device or the area on the main storage device and resumed according to this state transition control information.

The system of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

Figure 5g3 shows case 1. In the figure 0, which shows the program interruption method according to the present invention in case II, 1 indicates that the program is stored n.
1. Ili[#c location, 2A is program, 2
X [operating system program, 3A is a program state transition information storage area on the main memory provided for two tasks, 4 is a high-speed 6-bit memory in the central processing unit
4Iri is a program state transition information storage area, and 4X is a program state transition control information storage area.

When two programs are processing, if case ■ or ■ is interrupted, the state 4# information of the two programs is moved to 41, and the update information of 4I is valid in the state transition control information storage area 4X. A flag indicating that the program was interrupted, and information indicating which program was interrupted are stored.

The flow of this process is shown in Section 7-1. 4X, 4j and h
Operating system program 2 after arrival
When control is passed to X and processing is completed without interrupting the case at 2X, a flag indicating that 4 of 4X is valid is displayed as shown in Figure 4. As a result, the 4I state transition control information was recovered and the two programs were restarted. J)5I! 7th flow of L platform
Shown in Figure ■. In FIG. 4, symbols such as 1, 2A, 2X, etc. are the same as in FIG. 3.

On the other hand, in the program 2X that obtained Kiri-+fjI, if the interruption of case 2 occurs, the state of the two programs already stored in the state transition information d memory area 4I is changed as shown in FIG. 4. Transfer information to state transition system GLSUI@ge
': State transition written in 1 area 4X jtII
The following information is transferred from the state transition control information storage area 4 to the fixed area of memory 11, which is assigned to two people in the program, and a flag indicating that the 4IQ information of 4X is valid is transferred. Yuu resets and transfers control to Program 2B. This processing flow is shown in Figure 7.

To restart the two programs that have been suspended,
As shown in FIG. 6, it is necessary to recover state 4 transfer information from the state 4 transfer information allocation area 3 allocated to 2 people, but for this purpose, refer to the state 4 transfer control information storage area 4X. However, when the flag indicating that the information in 4I is valid is reset, the state transition information is recovered from 3A. This processing flow is the same as that in FIG. 7I.

To summarize the above, the present invention applies to case 1. In the case of interruption in case II, the information necessary for restarting the program is stored in the high-speed storage device in the central processing unit, and in the case of interruption in case II, the information is allocated from the central processing unit to the main memory corresponding to the program. Status! When I moved to the II4 Ikikan area and restarted the program, I got 1! C. High-speed storage in central processing unit #cr
A great companion for every 1t, the high-speed memory table 14jL allows for fast and flexible processing by fully recovering the state from the main memory or high-speed processing device according to the flag indicating whether the internal status transition information is valid or invalid. Program switching is possible.

FIG. 48 shows an embodiment of the present invention that performs the nine processes described above. The code 1.2A in the figure.

2B, 2C, 3A, 38 and 3C correspond to FIG. 1, 2X is an operating system program, 4 is a high-speed storage device, 4Xri state transition control IH information storage area, 4A,... , 4 is a valley element of the state transition information storage area, 5 is a general-purpose register group, 5A, 5B,
......, 5I is each element of the general-purpose register group,
6 is a program control register group, 6A, 6B are each element of the program control register group, 7 is another register group, 7A, 7B, etc.

7J is each element of other register group, 8 is arithmetic unit, 9
A, 9B19C99D represent a bus group, and 10 represents a central processing unit.

The operation will be described below with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

(1) If program 2A interrupts processing 4 due to the interruption in case II
Transfer information, that is, the contents of general-purpose register group 5 and program control register 1#6 to 4A and 4B in high-speed storage device d4.
,..., 4KK storage. At this time, the addresses of the three people are stored in the state transition control information storage area 4X in the state m4 monument information storage area in the main storage device as state transition control information.

This address information is used not only to indicate the address of 3A itself, but also as a bladder to indicate whether or not the information in the state 4 transition information storage area is valid.

In the non-embodiment, the address of the state transition control storage area in the Wang Ji's Soden is used as the state transition control information, but a program number corresponding to the program can also be used instead. Also, it serves as address information and a valid/invalid flag, but even if they are stored in a different storage area, there is no difference between 1 and 1.

(2) In the operating system program 2X that has acquired control habit, when interrupting case ①, high-speed s
Program 2 stored in e tJt * * 4
At the same time, the person's state transition information @ is transferred to area 3A on the main storage device according to state l1iI transition control customary information 4X,
Invalidate state transition information.

From then on, each time the wariryo right is transferred, the above (1) and (2) are applied.

St-Repeat.

(3) When a friend program that gains control 1, fl returns control to another program after completing its processing, the state transition information of the suspended program that newly gains control is transferred at high speed. It exists in either area n of the storage device 14 or the main storage device. Therefore, state 4 transition information 4A,...
・Check whether 4 is valid or invalid by checking 4X using the arithmetic unit 8 and the register group 7. As a result of the check, if the state transition information exists in the area on the main memory, the program can be restarted by setting the information in the general-purpose register group 5 and the program control register group 6. On the other hand, if the state Mum transition type information shorthand +1 exists in the device 4, set the information in the general register #5 and the program control register group 6, and change the state transition information 4A by changing 4) 1m. ,..., 4K is disabled. As a result, when the program is restarted, it is possible to determine where to extract the state and where to retrieve it.

In the same case, a single high-speed storage area 4
Although we have described an example using multiple high-speed storage devices n
Even if IJA is used, control like one river is possible.

According to the present invention, when the program is interrupted, the program state!
A4) By storing the s1 transfer information in a high-speed storage device that is different from the area on the main storage device, memory access is reduced when the program is interrupted or restarted, and high responsiveness and processing performance can be guaranteed. .

FIG. 9 shows the simulation results of the acceleration rate with respect to the number of program interruptions when this embodiment is applied to an actual system R (compared to the case where conventionally known technology is used. In the figure, diagonal lines The part indicates the number of program interruptions in the simulation, and according to this nomulation, the same number of program interruptions is 1.2 to 1.4, and it is possible to obtain an acceleration rate of 21 to 2.8 compared to the conventional known technology. can.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

, ig1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of the conventionally known switching control system, Fig. 43 is an explanatory diagram at the time of interruption in case I and ■ in the present invention, and 8g4 is an explanatory diagram at the time of restarting the same case,
Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram when case ■ is interrupted, and Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram when the same case is restarted. @ Figure 7 is a processing flowchart at the time of interruption/resumption in the present invention, @ Figure 8 is an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the effects of the present invention. 1...-main storage device, 2A, 2B, 20, 2D,...
.... 2N...Program, 2X...Operating system program, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D,...
.... 3N...Area on the friend storage device depending on the program, 4...High speed storage device, 5...General purpose register group, 6
...Program control register group, 7.. Other register group, 8.. Arithmetic unit, 9.. Bus group, 10.. Central processing unit. Agent: Patent attorney Akita Takahashi, -1:S-zu;;

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A main storage device in which a plurality of programs are stored;
If you have a central processing bag vIt that processes glograms and want to interrupt the processing of glograms, state 44 of the program to be interrupted! In a data processing system that saves l information to a specific storage device and restores the saved and next state transition information when restarting, an area for storing state transition information of an interrupted program is provided on the main storage device for each program, In addition, the state transition information of the interrupted program, state transition control, and a high-speed storage device for storing the information are commonly used by each program. Provided in a fixed area within the device, when the program that obtained the control board after interruption completes processing without interruption, the state transition information is recovered from the high-speed storage device, and when the program that obtained the control board is interrupted, The state transition control information stored in the bulk storage iron is used to store the state transition information in a corresponding storage area on the main storage device to switch programs. How to control Grogtsumu Kiriki.