JPS58184407A - Burner for liquid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the occurrence of a poor combustion during a usual combustion and simultaneously to sharply reduce the production of an offensive smell at a fire extinguishing time, by a method wherein, during a usual combustion time, a pressure loss is reduced, and a total quantity of exhaust gas is caused to pass through a catalyst layer at a fire extinguishing time. CONSTITUTION:An exhaust gas outlet in an upper part of a burner is divided, a catalyst layer 13 is formed in the one exhaust gas outlet, and a damper 14, which opens during combustion and closes at a fire extinguishing time, is located in the other exhaust gas outlet. During a constant combustion, a lower tube 10 is heated to redness by the combustion heat generated as a result of combustion in a primary chamber formed with a gap between the lower tube 10 and an inner flame tube 6, and simultaneously, remaining unburning gas is perfectly burned by mixing it with the air fed through a final secondary air port 12. Such high temperature exhaust gas rises along an upper red-heated tube, and is discharged outside a device through an exhaust gas outlet formed with a gap between the damper 14 and the catalyst layer 13 and a hole 13' formed in the catalyst layer 13. At a time when fire is extinguished, the damper 14 is lowered to close an inner exhaust gas outlet, and thereby all of a hot-air stream containing an unburnt gas component passes through the hole 13' provided in the catalyst layer 13 for discharge. The contact of the surface of the catalyst layer 13 with the unburnt gas component causes promotion of an oxidizing reaction by a catalyst action for converting it into odorless carbonic acid gas and water, which results in a sharp reduction of the production of an offfensive smell.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid fuel combustion apparatus in which the air necessary for combustion is supplied by the draft action of combustion.

Liquid fuel combustion devices that supply air through the draft action of combustion have many advantages, such as requiring no power source, being small and lightweight, are convenient to move, and are less likely to break down, and have been put into practical use as household heaters such as portaple kerosene stoves. There is.

However, these combustion devices have the disadvantage of producing a strong odor when extinguishing a fire. This is because when the residual vaporized gas after extinguishing passes through the heated burner section, it is thermally decomposed by the residual heat of the burner, producing intermediate main products such as aldehydes. Since these substances can be decomposed into odorless carbon dioxide and water by oxidation using a catalyst, conventionally a method has been used in which a catalyst layer is provided above the burner as shown in FIG.

3/-1 That is, FIG. 1 shows an example of a portable oil stove, where a is a combustion tube which is a burner, b is a catalyst layer having pores,
C is the ignition button, d is the adjustment knob that raises and lowers the wick,
e is a fire extinguishing button that lowers the wick when extinguishing the fire, and f is a large plate.

In the above configuration, when igniting, the adjustment knob d is rotated to expose the upper end of the wick inside the combustion tube a, and the ignition button C is pressed to ignite the wick with an igniter (not shown). On the other hand, when extinguishing a fire, press the extinguishing button e or turn the adjustment knob d to lower the wick and extinguish the fire, but vaporized gas is generated from the wick due to the heat due to the heat capacity of the wick and the metal fittings near the wick, which extinguishes the flame. As a result, since there is no flame, the gas becomes unburned gas and moves up and down in the combustion tube a. At this time, the unburned gas is thermally decomposed by the residual heat in the combustion tube a, producing intermediate products such as aldehydes that cause odor, passing through the catalyst layer b and the gap between the top plate f and the catalyst layer b. released outside the device.

However, with this configuration, it is difficult to allow all of the exhaust gas to pass through the catalyst layer, and odor cannot be significantly reduced. This is because the structure of the catalyst layer has a shape that provides resistance to the flow in order to increase the contact area between the catalyst layer and exhaust gas, and this resistance prevents the flow of exhaust gas from passing through the catalyst layer 6. This is because some of the exhaust gas leaks to the outside.In order to allow the entire amount of exhaust gas to pass through, it is necessary to narrow the gap between the catalyst layer and combustion tube a, increase the size of the catalyst layer, or increase the size of the catalyst layer and combustion tube a. There are methods such as installing a partition between the upper part and the catalyst layer to prevent external leakage of exhaust gas, but in either method, the pressure drop suppresses the traft effect and reduces the amount of air supplied into the combustion tube a. It was found that this caused poor combustion.

The present invention solves these drawbacks by reducing pressure loss during normal combustion and allowing the entire amount of exhaust gas to pass through the catalyst layer during extinguishing, thereby suppressing combustion defects during normal combustion and at the same time reducing odor during extinguishing. The aim is to provide a comfortable combustion device that significantly reduces the

In order to achieve this objective, the present invention provides a burner soil section 5.
- The exhaust gas outlet is divided, one exhaust gas outlet is provided with a catalyst layer, and the other exhaust gas outlet is provided with a damper that opens during combustion and closes when extinguishing a fire.

In this configuration, during steady combustion, the exhaust gas is mainly released through the open exhaust gas outlet with low resistance, while during extinguishing, the exhaust gas outlet is blocked by a damper, so the exhaust gas outlet is provided with a catalyst layer. It comes into contact with the catalyst layer and is discharged.

Therefore, during steady combustion, there is little suppression of the draft effect due to pressure loss, and when extinguishing, the entire amount of exhaust gas flows in the direction in which it comes into contact with the catalyst layer, so the oxidation reaction progresses immediately due to contact with the catalyst, resulting in odorless unburned gas. The rate at which gaseous components are decomposed into odorless carbon dioxide gas and water is greatly increased, resulting in a significant reduction in odor.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.

In FIG. 2, 1 is a fuel tank and 2 is a fuel. 3 is a lamp 6 whose lower end is immersed in fuel 2 and the tip is exposed during combustion to supply fuel by capillary action; 4 is a wick guide tube that connects the wick 3 and It forms a housing part. Reference numeral 6 denotes an inner flame cylinder having many small holes, and 7 denotes an outer flame cylinder having many small holes, and a combustion chamber is formed in the gap between them. 8 is an outer cylinder made of a heat-resistant light-transmitting material such as glass;
9 is a metal outer cylinder that holds the outer cylinder 8, and includes an inner flame cylinder 6, an outer flame cylinder 7,
The metal outer cylinder 9 is held substantially concentrically by cross pins or the like. 1. A lath and punching metal are installed continuously on the outer flame cylinder 7.

A lower glowing tube made of wire mesh or the like, 11 an upper glowing tube connected to the inner flame tube 6 via a secondary air port 12, 13 a catalyst layer having a large number of holes 13', and 14 movable up and down. damper,
15 is a connecting rod that raises and lowers the damper 14.

In the above configuration, when the tip of the wick 3 is ignited in the burner section, the combustion heat and the natural draft (draft effect caused by combustion heat) from the small holes at the bottom of the outer wick tube 5 and the inner flame tube 6
The fuel is vaporized by the air flow supplied by the inner flame tube 6.
The primary flame formed by the gap between the lower glowing cylinder 10 and the inner flame cylinder 6 burns while mixing with the air supplied to the combustion chamber through the small hole of the outer flame cylinder 7 and the opening of the lower glowing cylinder 1o. The combustion heat generated in the combustion chamber makes the lower glowing cylinder 10 red hot, and the remaining unburned gas mixes with the air supplied from the final secondary air port 12 and burns completely, and the high-temperature exhaust gas becomes red hot in the upper part as shown in Figure 3. The damper 14 and the catalyst layer 1 rise along the cylinder.
Exhaust gas outlet formed with 30 gaps and catalyst layer 13
It is discharged out of the instrument through a hole 13' provided in the hole 13'.

Next, FIG. 4 shows the state in which the fire is extinguished. Since the bar 14 descends and closes the exhaust gas outlet on the inside, the hot air flow containing the unburnt gobbles is directed to the hole 13' provided in the catalyst body 13.
The entire amount passes through and is discharged, and the surface of the catalyst body 13 comes into contact with the unburned gas components, so that the oxidation reaction is accelerated by the action of the catalyst A and converted into odorless carbon dioxide and water. As shown in the diagram, the odor is greatly reduced.

As is clear from the above description, the liquid fuel combustion device of the present invention uses the draft effect caused by combustion heat to: By providing a damper on the other side that is open during steady combustion and closes the exhaust gas outlet when extinguishing, almost all of the malodorous components are brought into contact with the catalyst layer during extinguishing, without interfering with the supply of air during steady combustion, and when extinguishing.
This provides the effect of reducing odor.

Furthermore, according to the configuration of the present invention, if the burner is configured in such a manner that the combustion amount is approximately proportional to the air supply amount as in the embodiment, the pressure loss that changes by raising and lowering the damper can be utilized to adjust the burner arbitrarily depending on the position of the damper. In addition, when a lamp wick is used as a fuel supply means, by raising and lowering the damper in conjunction with the lifting mechanism of the lamp wick, it is possible to reliably close the exhaust gas outlet when extinguishing a fire.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing a conventional example, Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of essential parts showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the flow of exhaust gas during steady combustion of the same embodiment, 11. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of exhaust gas during fire extinguishing in the same example.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the odor characteristics of the conventional example and the example of the present invention. - 3...Lamp wick, 6...Inner flame tube, 7...Outer flame tube, 13...Catalyst layer, 14...Pressure plate. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao (1st person)
Figure d e Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A burner that supplies the air necessary for combustion by the draft action of combustion, a plurality of exhaust gas outlets provided downstream of this burner, a catalyst layer provided in at least one of the exhaust gas outlet portions, and others. A liquid fuel combustion device comprising: a damper provided at the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas outlet, which opens the exhaust gas outlet during combustion and closes the exhaust gas outlet when extinguishing a fire. (2) The liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the burner is configured such that the amount of combustion is approximately proportional to the amount of air supplied. (3) The liquid fuel combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the burner has a structure in which a large number of air holes are perforated, and the burner has an inner flame tube and an outer flame tube. (4) Using a wick as a fuel supply means for the burner,
ξ The liquid fuel combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the fire is extinguished by lowering the wick, and the wick lowering mechanism and the damper closing mechanism are interlocked.