JPS5818355B2 - Multi-stage fermentation device with variable number of stages and its efficient usage method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fermentation treatment device and use of the device for fermenting organic waste in an aerobic atmosphere to obtain materials that can be used industrially as organic fertilizer, etc. Regarding how to.

Various types of fermentation processing equipment for organic waste have been known, such as a vertical multi-stage continuous fermenter and a horizontal rotating drum fermenter, but all of them have a long history of fermentation processing of organic waste as raw materials. Since it takes a long period of time (2 to 10 days), if you want to reliably treat the organic waste that is inevitably generated every day, you will need to use multiple devices depending on the number of processing days (for example, in the case of a device that requires 3 days to process, It was necessary to install three (3) devices.

In addition, in order to input a new day's worth of organic waste, it is necessary to secure storage space within the device, so before inputting the organic waste, the treated waste (hereinafter referred to as the product) must be placed in the device. It is necessary to take out the waste from the raw material and then input new waste (hereinafter referred to as raw material), which inevitably lengthens the downtime of the equipment, which inevitably reduces the operating efficiency of the equipment.

The present invention aims to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional equipment as described above, to provide a novel fermentation processing equipment which is compact in structure, each part is made into a standard unit, and has excellent operational efficiency. .

A further object of the present invention is to provide an efficient method of using the apparatus of the present invention, which allows organic waste to be treated in a relatively short period of time.

The apparatus of the present invention is a kind of vertical multi-stage fermentation apparatus in terms of external type.

However, not only is the internal mechanism completely different from the conventional vertical multi-stage continuous fermenter, but it also employs a method that uses gravity to stir and mix organic waste during the fermentation process in an extremely rational manner. It is possible to minimize the power required and to use a conveyor system consisting of one or more conveyors in series to form a self-circulating system as described below, which makes it possible to treat organic waste. The required time and site area can be significantly shortened and reduced compared to the conventional method.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on drawings showing one example of its implementation.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the variable-stage multi-stage fermentation apparatus according to the present invention has an input port 1 at the top, a fermentation section 2 consisting of multiple stages at the middle, and a drive unit consisting of an electric motor, a speed reducer, etc. at the bottom. This is a multi-stage fermentation apparatus having a fermentation section 3 and a discharge port 4, and the structure of all or most of the stages of the fermentation section 2 is as shown in FIG. and third
It is characterized by an associated combination with a fermentation section driven body 30 as shown in the figure.

In FIG. 1, 5 is a discharge wheel, 6 is a coupling, and T is a blower.

The fermentation section driven body 30 is, as shown in FIG. It is formed by vertically connecting an appropriate number of fermentation group unit rotary bodies 33, each of which is formed by connecting a pincushion-shaped short tube 32 with outer flanges 321, 321 at both upper and lower ends, to the upper and lower ends; The connection of the pincushion-shaped short tubes 32 and the connection of the fermentation unit rotary bodies 33 are made through pin holes drilled in the upper and lower outer flanges 321 and 321 of the pincushion-shaped short tubes 32, respectively, using pin joints 331 as shown in FIG. In addition to this method, it is also possible to use any other appropriate means.

In this embodiment, a center hole 312 as shown in FIG. 1 having a smaller diameter than the outer flange 321 of the pincushion-shaped short tube 32 is bored in the center of each date plate 31, so that each pincushion-shaped short tube 32 has a center hole 312 as shown in FIG. The inner tube spaces 322 of the short tubes 32 communicate with each other.

However, the unit rotating body 33a that constitutes the top stage of the fermentation section
Only the pincushion-shaped short pipe 32 has truncated fan-shaped wings 34 on the outer periphery.
The upper opening is closed by a small circular plate 34 having a protruding portion.

Further, the disk 3 of the unit rotary body 33b that constitutes the bottom stage of the fermentation section
1, the center hole 312 of the discharge wheel 5 is formed integrally with the disc 31, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.
1. It is connected to the air outlet of the blower T through the shaft hole 61 of the coupling 6, and the air supplied from the blower 7 is passed through the tube wall of the pincushion-shaped short tube 32 of the unit rotating body 33 constituting each stage. The water flows out through an appropriate number of through holes 323 provided.

In this embodiment, the fermentation unit driven body 30 configured as described above transmits the rotational force of the drive unit 3 to the discharge wheel 5 connected to the coupling 6 via the pin joint 62 as shown in FIG. By doing so, a unit rotating body 33 at the lowest stage of the fermentation section is formed, which includes a disk 31 integrated with the upper part of the discharge wheel 5 and a pincushion-shaped short tube 32 connected to the disk 31.
b and the fermentation group unit rotary bodies 33, 33.b of each stage connected above it. ... is driven by coaxial rotation.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the discharge wheel 5 includes an outer wheel 52 having the same outer diameter as the disk 31, and an outer wheel 52 having an inner diameter on the lower surface of a disk 31 having a cutout hole 311 and a center hole 312. A shaft short pipe 5 having an inner wheel 53 whose diameter is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the outer flange of the pincushion short pipe 32, and a lower flange 55 such that the outer flange at the upper end of the pincushion short pipe 32 is removed.
4, and an inner wheel 5 along the edge of the notch hole 311.
3 and a discharge plate 56 that reaches the outer wheel 52, and is connected to the coupling 6 through a pin hole provided in the lower flange 55 of the short shaft pipe 54. It is made with a pin joint.

Next, the configuration of the fermentation part fixing structure 20 will be explained based on FIG. Inside the cylindrical casing 21, which has a length equivalent to an appropriate number of cylindrical unit casings 22 and which is constructed by polymerizing and connecting, or by connecting a thread-wound short pipe 32, bearing metal 23 provided on the inner surface of both ends 23L231.
2.232, a plurality of armored short pipes 23 that fit onto the outer peripheral surfaces of the upper and lower outer flanges 321, 321 of the pincushion-shaped short pipe 32 are connected to the disc 31 as shown in FIG. The pipes extend radially from the outer circumferential side of the short armored pipe 23 at fixed horizontal angular intervals (30 degree intervals in the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2) so that they are arranged above and below at intervals slightly larger than the thickness of It is supported and fixed by support wings 24, the height of the support wings is approximately equal to the length of the short exterior pipe 23, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical casing 21 is equal to the diameter of the disc 31.
The diameter is slightly larger than that of .

In addition, in the case of this embodiment in which the cylindrical casing 21 is constructed by overlapping and connecting a plurality of cylindrical unit casings 22 as shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. Inside, 1 piece each of exterior short pipes 2
3 is supported and fixed by a plurality of radial support wings 24, and the height of each cylindrical unit casing 22 is greater than the support wings 24.
The size is slightly larger than the sum of the height of the disc 31 and the thickness of the disc 31.

This is so that when the cylindrical casing 21 is constructed by overlapping and connecting the unit casings 22, a gap slightly larger than the thickness of the disc 31 is created between the unit casings 22.

In addition, in this embodiment, through holes 233 are bored in the pipe wall of the short armored pipe 23 at horizontal angular intervals equal to the extending angular intervals of the supporting wings 24, and each supporting wing 24 has a second
As shown in the figure, the top plate 241. Bottom plate 242, front side plate 243
．． It has an elongated rectangular pipe-like structure in which back side plates 244 are integrally assembled to form a cavity 245 inside.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned through holes 233 are bored at constant horizontal angular intervals in the support wing mounting portion of the short armored pipe 23 with the support wing 24 extended thereto, and the holes 245 in the support wing 24 and the short armored pipe are connected to each other. 23 are communicated through the through holes 233, and an appropriate number of air diffusion holes 246 are bored in the front side plate 243 of the support wing 24, and the air diffusion holes 246 are planted on the outer surface of the front side plate 243. An appropriate number of standing diffuser pipes 247 are provided.

The length of the diffuser pipe 247 is desirably shorter as it is located closer to the outer peripheral surface of the short exterior pipe 23, and longer as it is located closer to the cylindrical unit casing 22.

The fermentation section fixing structure 20 and the fermentation section driven body 30 configured as described above are combined in a mutually interrelated manner.

That is, the short exterior pipe 2 constituting the fermentation part fixing structure 20
3, the outer short pipe 32a constituting the uppermost unit rotating body 33a of the fermentation section driven body 30 is fitted into the uppermost outer short pipe 23a, and the upper and lower outer walls of the pincushion-shaped short pipe 32a The flanges 321, 321 are fitted into bearing metals 232 provided on the inner surface of both ends of the short exterior tube 23a.

As shown in FIG. 1, the pipe length of the pincushion-shaped short pipe 32a is slightly longer than that of the exterior short pipe 23a, so that the disc 31 connected to the lower outer flange 321 of the pincushion-like short pipe 32a
At this time, is located directly below the uppermost short exterior pipe 23a.

As mentioned above, since the distance between the uppermost exterior short pipe 23a and the lower exterior short pipe 23 is slightly larger than the thickness of the disc 31, the disc 31 is connected to the exterior short pipes 23a located above and below it.
Rotation is not hindered by the support wings 23, 24, 24, etc.

In this way, the uppermost stage of the fermentation section in the apparatus of the present invention is formed.

Each stage of the fermentation section below the top stage is formed in the same manner.

To express the configuration of each stage of the fermentation section more clearly according to this embodiment, it is shown in FIG. 2 at a height position corresponding to the position of each unit rotating body 33 shown in FIG. 3. A unit casing in which the pincushion-shaped short tube 32 constituting the unit rotating body 33 is moved to the left and fitted into the exterior short tube 23 of each unit casing 22 so that its height position does not change in the figure. 22
This is a combination structure of a unit rotating body 33 and a rotating unit 33.

In this specification, "the fermentation section fixing structure and the fermentation section driven body are linked and combined" refers to the above-mentioned combination mode.

As is clear from the above description, each stage of the fermentation section in the apparatus of the present invention is positioned at a position on the inner circumferential side of the cylindrical casing 21 and on the outer circumferential side of the short exterior pipe 23 at a fixed angle by the supporting blades 24. It has the same number of fermentation chambers as the supporting blades 24, which are divided into sections and whose bottoms are closed by disks 31. It is constructed so that the bottom gradually comes out as it rotates.

To explain the outline of the configuration of other parts of the device of the present invention, a roof 1 having an appropriate shape such as a truncated conical shape provided with an inlet 1;
1 and the fermentation part fixing structure 20, as shown in FIG.
Exhaust ports 811, 811 and 811 are provided at constant horizontal angle intervals on the cylinder wall of the cylinder.
... and the exhaust ports 811, 811, ...
Left and right side plates 821.8 to cover ... from left and right and from above.
21. The upper plates 822 are integrally assembled to form a lower open type partition 82 with a cross-sectional opening in the centripetal direction on the inner surface of the cylindrical casing, and a short pipe 83 is formed at the terminal end of the partitions 82, 82... A supported exhaust section 8 is provided.

Further, a small exhaust pipe 84 is connected to the outside of each exhaust port 811 of the cylindrical casing 81 as shown in FIG. 85, the annular pipe 8
5 is connected to an exhaust duct 86 leading to a blower (not shown).

In order to improve the exhaust efficiency, an appropriate number of intake holes 823 are provided on the left and right side plates of the partition 82, and the intake holes 823
It is desirable to install an intake pipe 824 consisting of a downward elbow pipe.

In addition, directly below the discharge wheel 5 below the fermentation, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
is provided.

As a result, the cutout hole 3 of the disc 31 is inserted between the outer wheel 52 and the inner wheel 53, which are the constituent parts of the discharge wheel 5.
11 is received on the fixed disk 9, and when the discharge wheel 5 rotates, the fermented product that has been received is pushed by the discharge plate 56 fixed inside the discharge wheel 5, and When it reaches the discharge cutout hole 92 of the fixed disk 9, it passes through the discharge chute 93 and falls inside the discharge port 4, so if the start end of the conveyor faces the inside of the discharge port 4, the fermented product can be automatically removed. can be discharged.

By using the apparatus of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, organic waste can be fermented extremely efficiently as described below.

"Organic waste" here refers to animal food residues such as meat, fish, and bones, plant food residues such as vegetable scraps, bark, sawdust, etc.
Contains valuable organic matter such as plant cellulose waste such as seed dregs and waste wood, or organic wastewater sludge such as urine treatment sludge, urban sewage sludge, paper factory wastewater sludge, or accumulated manure such as horse manure, chicken manure, etc. However, it refers to all materials that are considered difficult to use industrially due to the fact that they emit extremely unpleasant odors during storage.

In order to efficiently treat organic waste with the apparatus according to the present invention, an active culture material mainly composed of aerobic microorganisms is dispersed almost uniformly in the organic waste in the above sense as a raw material. It is necessary to use the

In other words, countless bacterial colonies are already introduced into the raw material.

From the input port 1 of the apparatus of the present invention as shown in FIG. (omitted) etc.

If a fixed or rotating separation/diffusion device 12 having a shape as shown in FIG. The fermentation chambers are deposited inside each fermentation chamber divided radially by the supporting blades 24 of the uppermost stage A of the fermentation section below.

However, the blade 34 of the small disk 34 is always located on the −L side of the notch hole 311 of the disk 31 that constitutes the uppermost stage A of the fermentation section.
1, it goes without saying that the input material will not be deposited in the fermentation chamber directly below the small disk.

At this time, the input raw material is first pulverized by applying forces such as compression, tension, and friction when it collides with the separation/diffusion device 12, and
Since the raw materials are separated and dispersed or cross-mixed with each other, and then when they collide with the upper plate 822 of the partition 82 or the intake pipe 824, similar pulverization and stirring are involved, so that the raw materials are already sufficiently turned over at the time of charging.

In the illustrated embodiment, as clearly shown in FIG. 2, the spacing between the support blades 24 constituting the top stage of the fermentation section is the same horizontal angular spacing as the exhaust partition 82 provided above. Even if there are, the positions are shifted by half a pitch from each other, so that the raw material that has been crushed and stirred by the partition 82 is further moved to the top plate 241 of the support blade 24, just before entering the second stage fermentation chamber. and the aeration pipe 247, and in addition to being crushed and agitated again by this 5, as clearly shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the separation and diffusion device 12
is connected to a pincushion-shaped short pipe 14 connected by a pin joint 13 onto a small disk with wings 34 constituting the top of the driven body 30 of the fermentation section, so that the raw material for the first stage is If the fermentation section driven body 30 is driven to rotate even during charging, the switching action by the separation/diffusion tool 12 can be made more effective.

When the fermentation section uppermost stage A is filled with the input raw materials, the drive section 3 is operated to slowly rotate the fermentation section driven body 30 in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3, and raw materials are input for the next stage. .

At this time, the raw materials stored in each fermentation chamber of the top stage A of the fermentation section are prevented from moving by the support blades 24 despite the slow rotation of the bottom disc 31, so they remain on the disc 31. 5 cannot co-rotate with this.

However, since the shape and dimensions of the notch hole 311 of the disc 31 are designed in advance to be approximately the same as the bottom shape of the fermentation chamber, the disc 31
The raw material in the fermentation chamber where the cutout hole 311 reaches the bottom due to the rotation of the fermentation chamber 1 falls down one stage below, that is, to the second stage of the fermentation section, by the time the cutout hole 311 finishes passing through at the latest.

The cutout hole 311 of the disk 31 constituting the second stage of the fermentation section is arranged in the uppermost pincushion-shaped short tube so that the cutout hole 311 of the disk 31 constituting the second stage of the fermentation section is located at a phase angle different from that of the cutout hole 311 of the uppermost stage A, as shown in FIG. 32
Since the raw material that has fallen from the uppermost stage A of the fermentation section will not pass through the second stage of the fermentation section and be directly stored in the third or lower stages.

In this way, the raw material stored in the uppermost stage A of the fermentation section is transferred to the disk 3.
1 falls to the next stage one after another while slowly rotating up to 360 degrees, so the top stage A of the fermentation section is filled with new raw materials that are introduced for the second time, starting from the fermentation chamber where the raw materials were dropped. To go.

Thereafter, one stage of raw material is sequentially introduced in the same manner.

As a result, the raw materials that had already been stored in the Nth stage of the fermentation section (where N is an integer) fall to the (N+1) stage of the fermentation section, so the raw materials that were already stored in the Nth stage of the fermentation section where the raw materials fell are stored in the fermentation chamber of the Nth stage of the fermentation section. The stored raw material is repeatedly moved between the stages, in which the raw material falls and accumulates from the second stage (N-1), from the top stage A to the bottom stage B of the fermentation section, and inside the discharge wheel 5. space 5
When the raw material is stored in 7, the input of the raw material from the input port 1 and the rotational drive of the fermentation section driven body 30 are stopped.

The spacing between the supporting blades 24 in each stage of the fermentation section is the same horizontal angular interval, but as clearly shown in FIGS. Since there is no second stage (in the illustrated example, there is a half-pitch shift), the collision and stirring action is almost the same as that already mentioned in the explanation of the process of charging raw materials to the top stage. This is also carried out when moving the raw material between stages in the charging and storage process, so that the so-called switching of the raw material is sufficiently performed throughout the entire process of this charging and storing process.

When the above-mentioned charging and storage step is completed, the next stationary fermentation step is started.

This static fermentation process is a process in which the raw materials charged and stored in each stage in the previous process are allowed to stand still at an appropriate temperature for 2 to 5 hours to promote aerobic fermentation of the stored raw materials, and unlike conventional fermentation processing methods. Since the raw material is not constantly stirred, the fermentation heat generated by the fermented material can be sufficiently accumulated inside the raw material.

In order to promote aerobic fermentation, it is necessary to maintain the raw material at a temperature of 30 to 75 °C (for example, 40 ± 5 °C in the protein fermentation process) for a certain period of time, although it varies depending on the fermentation process. The fermentation method using static fermentation has the advantage that the fermentation heat of the raw materials themselves can be utilized to the maximum extent to maintain the above-mentioned temperature, so that the heat energy to be supplied from the equipment can be significantly reduced.

Another advantage is that it is possible to easily uniformize the temperature of the raw material, which is extremely difficult with the conventional method of introducing thermal energy from the outside to maintain the temperature.

When static fermentation is carried out for 2 to 5 hours, water vapor, carbon dioxide gas, ammonia gas, etc. increase inside the piled raw material, causing changes such as differences in the moisture content in each part of the raw material, and reducing the fermentation speed of aerobic fermentation. In addition, since an imbalance in fermentation rate occurs, it is essential to switch the raw materials in order to ferment the entire product quickly and uniformly.

At that point, the type and amount of raw materials, temperature, moisture, hydrogen ion concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, oxygen concentration, etc.

Although it depends on the condition, it usually takes about 3 to 4 hours after being left still.

Therefore, when fermenting organic waste using the apparatus of the present invention, the static fermentation process usually takes 3 to 4 hours.
Depending on the case, it may take about 2 hours or 5 hours.

If the time required for this step is less than 2 hours, heat storage within the raw materials will not be sufficiently maintained, so at least 2 hours are required.

Therefore, the standing time of the raw material in each stage of the fermentation section is 2 to 5 minutes.
When the time has elapsed, the drive section of the device of the present invention is operated to drive the fermentation section.

The body 30 is slowly rotated.

The rotational speed of the driven body 30 is 1/2 o to 115 r-p.
-m・ is desirable.

The stored raw material is moved between stages by slow rotation of the driven body 30, that is, slow rotation of the disk 31 constituting each stage of the fermentation section,
At that time, the material is switched back due to collision with the supporting blades 24, as already mentioned in the explanation of the charging and storage process, but the rotational speed of the disk 31 is set within the range mentioned above. When this is done, a small amount of the raw material stored in the fermentation chamber for one chamber is removed from the accumulated part on one side of the fermentation chamber where the notch hole 311 has arrived.
It collapses and falls one by one, and does not fall in large chunks at once, or exhibit the so-called bridging phenomenon, where the non-falling F part remains, so this collapse process is also a kind of reversal. will be held.

In order to release water vapor, carbon dioxide gas, ammonia gas, etc. generated during static fermentation for about 2 to 5 hours, it is actually sufficient to perform the above two types of switching once, so this step is necessary. In this case, it is not necessary to gently rotate the disk 31 by more than one rotation.

Although it varies depending on the opening angle of the notch hole 311, it is usually 2
A rotation within the range of 70 degrees to 350 degrees is sufficient.

Before starting such a reversing process, please prepare the discharge port 4 in advance.
A receiving section of a conveyor or other conveyance device (not shown) is made to face inside.

As a result, the raw material stored in the internal space 57 of the discharge wheel 5 is pushed to the discharge plate 56 and the discharge notch hole 9
2. This is to wait for and receive the items falling through the chute 93.

As shown in FIG. 4, the discharge plate 56 is provided on the rotational direction side of the disc 311, so as the discharge wheel 5 slowly rotates, the raw material stored in the internal space 57 is pushed and discharged, and the raw material directly above the disc 56 is The raw material falling from the lower stage B of a fermentation member is transferred to the internal space 57.
can be deposited inside.

The raw material discharged from the internal space is placed on the receiving part of the conveyor and is carried out of the apparatus of the present invention from the discharge port 4.
The discharged raw material is conveyed to the input port 1 at the top of the apparatus of the present invention by a conveyance means such as the conveyor or a conveyor system formed by connecting a separate conveyor to the conveyor, and is again input from the input port to the top stage of the fermentation section.

When this discharge and re-input is completed and the inter-stage movement of the raw materials in each stage is completed, the next stationary fermentation process is started again.

As a result, the raw materials stored in each stage are transferred from the uppermost stage A of the fermentation section to the second stage - the lowermost stage B of the fermentation section → the internal space of the discharge wheel 5 → the uppermost stage A of the fermentation section, and the raw materials are circulated. This means that you have completed the first stage.

Therefore, the above-mentioned switching process performed between the first stationary fermentation process and the second stationary fermentation process will be referred to as the raw material circulation process.

In this raw material circulation process, as can be easily understood from the previous explanation, why is it necessary to limit the re-input light of the discharged raw material to the input port 1 of the fermentation device that discharged the raw material?
Connect.

Two or more devices of the present invention are installed in parallel, and the raw material discharged from the first device is input into the second device, the raw material discharged from the second device is input into the input port of the third device, and the raw material discharged from the second device is input into the input port of the third device. Naturally, this process also includes re-injecting the discharged raw materials into the input unit [ ] of the first machine.

In addition, a fermentation device other than the device of the present invention or a device that cannot be called a fermentation device from a functional point of view, such as a temporary temporary storage tank, etc. may be installed in parallel, and the raw materials discharged from the device of the present invention may be separated from these devices. Returning the body device to the input port 1 of the device of the present invention through the system also corresponds to a modified implementation of the raw material circulation process in the present invention.

In addition, gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide gas, ammonia, etc. released at each stage by switching back and forth in the raw material circulation process are transferred to the fermentation section 2.
Since the air is forcibly exhausted from the upper exhaust section 8, the subsequent stationary fermentation will not be inhibited.

The exhaust route from each stage to the exhaust section 8 is as follows: "Gap between the supporting blades 24 of each stage of the fermentation section and the disk 31 of the immediately upper stage → Notch hole 311 of the disk 31 → Fermentation cavity above the notch hole → This is the path formed by the gap between the supporting blades 24 of the fermentation stage and the disk 31 of the upper stage.

After reaching the exhaust part 8, from the bottom opening of the partition 82 or the intake pipe 824, "short pipe 83 → small exhaust pipe 84 → annular pipe 85 →
The waste is sucked through the exhaust duct 86 into a blower equipped with a de-solidifying device.

The second static fermentation process is basically the same as the first static fermentation process.

However, since the fermentation process for stored raw materials is a continuation of the first stationary fermentation process, it is often necessary to raise the raw material temperature to be maintained in this process by 5 degrees higher than the previous one. .

Furthermore, the standing time is not necessarily the same.

However, the time range for the second static fermentation step is necessary and sufficient within a range of 2 to 5 hours.

When the time within this range has elapsed, the process moves to the second raw material circulation process, and thereafter the static fermentation process and the raw material circulation process within the range of 2 to 5 hours can be repeated.

In this way, the combined steps of the static fermentation step and the raw material circulation step can be reduced in this order.

If this continues for more than 18 hours, most of the relatively difficult-to-decompose organic substances in the stored raw materials will eventually be decomposed by aerobic fermentation, and the fermentation heat will cause the temperature of the fermented material to reach 65°C or higher; If you control the temperature so that it does not exceed ℃, aerobic microorganisms will develop.

Since only its activity can be slowed down without destroying it, the exothermic reaction gradually declines and the temperature of the fermented material gradually decreases, and the drying of the fermented material progresses further until the moisture content reaches 20 or more. A fermented product with a remarkable fertilizing effect of about 50% can be obtained.

Once it is confirmed that all the raw materials stored in each stage have been processed into a good fermented product, the product is transported out.

This product discharge is basically carried out in the same manner as in the raw material circulation process, but the product discharged to the discharge port 4 is loaded onto the loading platform of a transport vehicle by a conveying device without being reinjected.

In response to this discharge operation, a charging and storage step for the next fermentation process is carried out from the charging port 1.

As a result, the removal of the product and the new input storage process can be completed almost simultaneously, and the static fermentation process of the new input storage raw material can be started immediately, so the operating efficiency of the equipment is lower than that of the conventional one. Dramatically improved compared to others.

Not only that, the temperature of the product when it is taken out is considerably higher than the temperature of the newly input raw material, so the new raw material is transferred to the stage that maintains a considerably high temperature immediately after the product falls. can be stored, so a large amount of thermal energy for heating raw materials to promote static fermentation can be saved.

Furthermore, in the device of the present invention, the driven body of the fermentation section is constructed by connecting unit rotating bodies, and the fermentation section fixing structure can also be made into a unit by using a unit casing, so the site area can be reduced. Even in cases where it is difficult to install the devices of the present invention in parallel due to narrow spaces, it is possible to increase the processing capacity of organic waste by increasing the number of stages.
The unit rotating body constituting the driven body has a hollow structure and a shape that minimizes resistance to the stored raw material, so it has various advantages such as being able to be driven with minimal power.

Finally, when using the device of the present invention, as described above, the blower 7
The supplied air passes through the shaft hole 61 of the coupling 6 and the shaft hole 51 of the discharge wheel 5, and then flows out from the through hole 323 of the pincushion-shaped short pipe 32 of each unit rotating body 33. As shown in FIG. A through hole 233 that is blocked by the short exterior pipe 23 and slightly bored in the tube wall of the short exterior pipe 23, a cavity 245 in each support wing 24 that communicates with the through hole 233,
It communicates with the fermentation chamber only through the aeration holes 246 and the aeration pipe 247.

Therefore, the air supplied from the blower 7 is supplied to the diffuser pipe 24 of each fermentation chamber.
However, during the operation of the apparatus of the present invention, especially during the static fermentation process, the air diffuser pipes 247, 247 are buried in the stored raw material, so the installation height of the air diffuser pipes is For example, by setting appropriately as shown in the figure and appropriately selecting the shape of the outlet opening of the diffuser pipe, fresh clean air (oxygen) can be almost uniformly diffused into the stored raw material.

As a result, the oxygen consumed by the aerobic microorganisms is constantly and sufficiently replenished, and this works in conjunction with the above-mentioned forced exhaust of aerobic fermentation inhibiting gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide gas, and ammonia gas generated during fermentation. Therefore, the effect of promoting aerobic fermentation is remarkable.

In addition, the phase of the notch holes 311 of the disks 31 in each stage of the fermentation section is advanced in the direction of rotation of those in the lower stage, and the upper part of the notch hole 311 of the disk 31 in each stage of the fermentation section is changed to a small disc so that the raw material does not enter directly into the notch hole of the top stage A. By covering the raw materials with 34 blades 341, we have devised a way to prevent raw materials input in different orders from mixing in the lower stage, making it possible to maximize the uniformity of the fermentation state of the stored raw materials in each fermentation chamber, thereby eliminating uneven quality. It has many excellent effects that contribute to the improvement of fermentation processing technology for organic waste, such as the ability to produce good fermented products without waste.

Example Moisture 65.4%, total amount of nitrogen 1.66%, total amount of phosphoric acid 2
．． Raw chicken manure containing 92% potassium and 1.79% total potassium was treated for 48 hours by the method of the present invention using the apparatus of the present invention.

The fermented chicken manure obtained was in the form of uniform fine particles, and when its components were analyzed, it was found to have a moisture content of 24.13% and a total nitrogen content of 2.93%.
The total amount of phosphoric acid is 6.03, and the total amount of potassium is 3.11.
There was no contamination of malignant gas.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings all show embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the structure of the fermentation section fixing structure that constitutes the fermentation section of the apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the fermentation part driven body, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the drive part and discharge port of the apparatus of the present invention. 1... Input port, 2... Fermentation section, 3... Drive section, 4
...Discharge port, 5...Discharge wheel, 6...Coupling, 7...Blower, 8...Exhaust section, 9...Fixed disc, 11...Roof, 12...・Separation and diffusion tool, 13
... bottle joint, 14 ... pincushion-shaped short tube, 20 ... fermentation part fixing structure, 21 ... cylindrical casing, 22 ...
...Unit casing, 23. ,. Exterior short pipe, 24... Support wing, 30... Fermentation part driven body 31... Disc, 32... Pincushion shaped short pipe, 33...
Unit rotating body, 34... Small disk, 51... Shaft hole, 52
...Outer wheel, 53...Inner wheel, 54...
Shaft short pipe, 55-0° lower flange, 56...discharge plate,
57...Space, 61...Shaft hole, 62...Pin joint, 81.・0 Cylindrical casing, 82...Partition, 8
3... Short pipe, 84... Exhaust small pipe, 885... Annular pipe, 86... Exhaust duct, 91... Coupling hole, 92... Discharge notch hole, 93... Uyut.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A multi-stage organic waste fertilizer conversion device in which an input port is provided at the top, a fermentation section consisting of multiple stages is provided at the middle section, and a drive section and a discharge port are provided at the bottom. All or most of the stages of the section are: i) Connecting a pincushion-shaped short pipe with outer flanges at both upper and lower ends to the center part of the upper surface of a disc with an appropriately shaped cutout hole or notch between the center and outer periphery. 11) A fermentation section driven body formed by vertically connecting an appropriate number of fermentation group unit rotary bodies formed by the following methods; radially from the outer periphery of each short armored tube at constant horizontal angular intervals so that the short armored tubes (plurality) that fit into the outer circumferential tubes are arranged one above the other at intervals equal to or more than the thickness of the disk. A fermentation part fixing structure supported and fixed inside an insulating cylindrical casing having an inner diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the disk by support wings having a height substantially equal to the pipe length of the extended outer short pipe. The disk constituting the driven body of the fermentation section has a central hole in its center with a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the outer flange of the pincushion-shaped short tube, and the pincushion-shaped short tube has a central hole in its wall. Each has an appropriate number of through holes, and the center hole of the lowest disc is connected to the air outlet of the blower by appropriate means, and the pincushion-shaped short pipes or discs in any stage except the lowest stage are connected to the The pipe portion or center hole thereof is closed by appropriate means 1 so as to prevent the air supplied from the blower from being blown upward any further, and the support blades constituting the fermentation section fixing structure are It extends to cover the through hole bored in the tube wall of the short tube, and has a cavity in its interior that communicates with the inner space of the exterior short tube through the through hole, and a cavity in its outer surface that communicates with the cavity. An apparatus for converting organic waste into fertilizer, characterized by having an appropriate number of aeration pipes. 2. Active culture with an almost uniform population of aerobic microorganisms on organic wastes such as animal or plant food residues or plant cellulose waste such as bark, urine treatment sludge, wastewater sludge, or accumulated feces. All or most of the stages of the multi-stage fermentation section use the raw material obtained by dispersing the raw material through the outer flange at the center of the upper surface of a disk having an appropriately shaped cutout hole or notch between the outer periphery of the center. A fermentation unit driven body formed by connecting an appropriate number of fermentation group unit rotating bodies vertically connected with pincushion-shaped short tubes having Exterior short tubes (plurality) whose both ends fit into the upper and lower outer flanges of the pincushion-shaped short tube.
approximately along the pipe length of the armored short pipes that extend radially from the outer circumferential side of each of the armored short pipes at constant horizontal angular intervals so that they are arranged vertically at intervals equal to or more than the thickness of the disks. An organic waste fertilization device comprising a fermentation part fixing structure supported and fixed inside an insulating cylindrical casing having an inner diameter approximately equal to the diameter of the disk by means of support wings of equal height. From the input port provided at the top of the tank to the multi-stage fermentation section in the middle, 1
After an input and storage step in which raw materials are charged into each stage and stored in all stages of the multistage fermentation section, (1) a stationary fermentation step in which the raw materials stored in each stage are allowed to stand still at an appropriate temperature for 2 to 5 hours; (2) By rotating the fermentation unit driven body linked to the fermentation unit fixing structure by 270 to 350 degrees, the raw materials placed in each stage are simultaneously moved and dropped to the next stage; A conveyor system such as one or several conveyor systems connected to each other is installed in advance at the lower discharge port, and the raw materials that fall into the discharge port as the fermentation section driven body rotates are transported by the conveyor. An organic waste fertilizer characterized by repeating two steps in this order for at least 18 hours, including a raw material circulation step in which the raw material is transported to the input port of a fermentation device or a separate device and re-injected from the input port. How to use the conversion equipment efficiently.