JPS5818044B2 - silo - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION For the past several decades, tall concrete silos with numerous smaller diameter compartments have been commonly used to store grain and other vegetables.

This is because different grain compartments are kept separate so that the quality, i.e. products, etc. do not mix, and the grain is kept separate.
This is because it is desirable to allow ventilation of the grain by moving it from one section of the silo to another section using a conveyor.

However, recently there has been a need for a type of silo suitable for storing large quantities of the same material.

On a fundamental basis, problems arise regarding aeration of the grain or conditions that preserve the quality of the grain.

It is almost inconceivable to rely on rearrangement or transfer of grain in silos that are divided into sections.

Also, relocation or transport is not amenable to conventional silos.

This is because the grain is subject to the consequent adhesion of dust.

Additionally, conventionally used concrete silos are not waterproof, allowing rainwater to penetrate into the silo and change the humidity within the silo, even dampening the grain adjacent to the silo walls and roof.

) The object of the invention is to provide an improved method and apparatus for storing grains and other vegetables in large capacity silos at a fair price and without the need to rearrange them during storage. That's true.

This is achieved according to the present invention. After loading the grain into a silo made of air-tight material, such as sheet metal, the grain is placed in a cycle of humidity- and temperature-controlled air so that suitable climatic conditions are maintained within the silo. is continuously and continuously supplied and remains undisturbed during the entire storage period.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the supplied air flows through the grain stored within the silo and/or along the outer surface of the silo.

The air supplied to the grain stored in the silo is mixed with a disinfectant.

In order to achieve the aforementioned method for storing grains and other vegetables, according to the invention a silo is used which has a device for loading grains, distributing them into the silo and removing them from the silo. be done.

According to this invention, the silo is made of airtight material;
It is completely sealed with only controllable ventilation openings.

An air conditioning unit is also provided for supplying air with controlled humidity and temperature to the silo.

The silo has double walls defining a space extending over at least a large portion of the silo's boundary surface.

The air conditioning unit can be connected via ventilation openings to the storage space of the silo or into the space formed by the double walls of the silo.

Or you can connect to both.

Features according to the invention include the following description, claims,
It will become clearer from the attached drawings, which also show preferred embodiments.

The illustrated silo consists of a concrete base 10 supporting a shell 11 with a roof 12.

An inner shell 13 is disposed inside the outer shell 11, and the outer shell 1
A first space 14 is formed between the inner shell 1 and the inner shell 13 .

The first space 14 extends around the inner shell 13 over almost its entire circumference.

The outer shell 11 and the inner shell 13 are made of an airtight material, preferably of sheet metal.

Further, the outer shell 11 and the inner shell 13 are integrally constructed so as to airtightly surround the grain storage space 27, except for the ventilation openings described below.

As is clear from the drawing, the inner shell 13 ends short of reaching the upper end of the outer shell 11, so that the first space 14 formed by the inner shell 13 and the outer shell 11 is connected to the roof 12 of the outer shell 11. It opens into a chamber formed by the upper end 28 of the grain stored in the storage space 27 .

The bottom of the silo has a double floor forming a second space 16.

, the ventilation opening 17 is formed in the inner floor, and the storage space 27
communicates with a second space 16 in the floor via a ventilation opening 17.

A line 18 with a valve member 19 and branched off from the main line 20 opens into the second space 16 .

A line 21 is also branched off from the main line 20.

A valve member 22 is provided in the conduit 21 .

The conduit 21 opens into a first space 14 formed between the outer shell 11 and the inner shell 13 of the silo.

The main line 20 is connected to the pressure side of the fan 23.

On the other hand, the suction side of the fan 23 is connected via a conduit 25 to a ventilation opening 24 in the roof 12 of the silo.

An air conditioning unit 26 of conventional construction is connected to the main line 20.

The silo includes devices 33, 34 for loading, distributing and removing grain from the silo.

Devices 33, 34 are not a component of this invention and will not be described in detail.

After loading the silo with grain or other vegetables, for example to a height indicated by 28, the silo is sealed.

Whenever necessary, the fan 23 and the air conditioning unit 26 are operated to blow conditioned air through the conduit 18 , the second space 16 and the ventilation opening 17 into the space 27 .

Air is thus generated which escapes through the grain stored in the space 27 and through the discharge opening 24 and finally returns to the fan 23.

In this way, proper temperature and humidity are maintained in the space 27 by a simple device.

Such adjustment may take place, for example, immediately after feeding the grain into the space 27 for a predetermined period of time to increase or decrease the moisture content of the grain.

Although the conditioning of the space 27 usually takes place over a defined period of time, it is of course also necessary to continuously ventilate the space 27, especially in different environments.

A unit 35 for mixing disinfectants, e.g. disinfectants, insecticides, etc., is connected via a conduit 36 to the line between the fan 23 and the conduit 18, e.g. in cooperation with an air conditioning unit 26; This makes it easy to sterilize or kill insects if necessary.

For such processing, the silo must be closed.

This is realized by a valve member 31 at the ventilation opening 24, a valve member 32 at the discharge opening in the floor or the like.

As an alternative to, or as a supplement to, the aeration of the grain in the space 27, a regulated air flow from the fan 12 and the air conditioning unit 26 along the outside of the inner shell 13 and through the first space 14 is provided. It can also be generated.

In this case, valve member 19 is closed and valve member 22 is opened.

Such ventilation can be carried out continuously or intermittently, with the advantage that little air is required.

As can be understood from the above, in the silo of the present invention, a plurality of openings can be formed in the floor to provide airflow from below to above between the grains, and the inner shell and outer shell The space between them can be opened at the top to allow controlled air to be sent to the top of the grain, and the space between the base and floor and the space between the inner shell and outer shell can be separated to selectively By having a configuration that allows air to be sent into either one of the spaces or both spaces, air can be sent from different directions, thereby
Temperature, humidity, etc. can be adjusted quickly,
This makes it suitable for large-capacity silos that are generally difficult to adjust due to the large amount of grain.

From the above description, it will be easily understood that the present invention provides a very simple method and apparatus for maintaining the high quality of materials stored in large capacity silos.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a silo according to the invention. 10...Foundation, 11...Outer shell, 12.
...Roof, 13...Inner shell, 17...
...Vent opening, 20... Main pipe line, 23...
...Fan, 25... Conduit, 26...
Air conditioning unit, 35... Disinfectant mixing unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A base, an airtight wall consisting of an inner shell and an outer shell forming a first space between them, a floor forming a second space between the base, a roof, and the interior of the silo. a device for loading grain into a silo, a device for distributing the grain into a silo, a device for pulling out the grain from the silo, and an air conditioning unit, the first space and the a second space is separated, the floor is formed with a plurality of ventilation openings extending between the second space and a space of the silo in which the grain is stored; The first space extends from the floor and terminates at a distance from the roof so that the first space opens into a space between the top surface of the grain stored in the silo space and the roof, and Large capacity for storing grains and other vegetables, characterized in that an air conditioning unit is selectively connected to either or both of the first space and the second space. silo.