JPS58180404A - Promotor for synthesizing plant hormone - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:The titled promotor for synthesizing plant hormone that contains extracts from microalgae such as chlorella or scenedesmus, thus having effect of promoting the biosynthesis of endotrophic plant hormones such as auxin or giberellin by their own control. CONSTITUTION:1-1,000g of cell bodies of microalgae such as chlorella or scenedesmus on the dry base is extracted with 1 liter of an appropriate solvent, preferably an aqueous solvent, at 50-150 deg.C for 0.5-120min to give an extract that contains proteins, polysaccharides and nucleic acids of 1,000-1,000,000 molecular weight and has an effect of promoting the biosysthesis of plant hormones. The extract is used directly, or fractionated according to molecular weights to use its low-molecular fractions or high-molecular fractions or their concentrates or dried products by freezing or spraying. These products are applied to plants directly or indirectly, preferably a liquid product is sprayed on leave surfaces or watered to the soil.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an agent for promoting the synthesis of plant hormones that are endogenous to plants themselves, and particularly to an agent that promotes the synthesis in vivo.

Plants produce specific physiological function regulators called phytohormones. Plants do not have specific tissues or organs that produce this phytohormone, nor do they have specific target organs that receive the specific action of individual hormones. However, plant hormones are generally produced in limited areas of the plant body, and control almost all qualitative and quantitative changes that occur in the plant body, such as plant development and differentiation.

In other words, the life of a plant is influenced by external factors such as energy, sunlight, etc., as well as internal factors as a plant. Hormones move within the body and exhibit significant physiological effects in small amounts at specific sites.

The compounds that have been confirmed to function as plant pormons so far are auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, and abscisic acid, which are relatively low-molecular organic compounds. These organic compounds are synthesized and applied as plant hormones in agriculture and forestry. but,
When these synthetic plant hormones are applied to plants,
Treatment methods such as treatment concentration, treatment time, treatment area, etc. are delicate, and if the treatment is incorrect, the desired physiological effect may not be achieved, and the opposite effect, that is, phytotoxicity, may occur, or in severe cases, the survival of the plant may be affected. It may even jeopardize.

The purpose of this invention is to overcome these disadvantages in the treatment of exogenously synthesized plant hormones, and to provide a drug that promotes the biosynthesis of plant hormones by controlling them in vivo. .

This invention is a plant hormone synthesis promoter characterized by containing a microalgae extract.

In the present invention, microalgae include Chlorella, Scenedesmus,
Unicellular or similar algae such as Dunaliella and Spirulina, including naturally occurring and cultured algae.

The microalgae extract in the present invention is an extract obtained by extracting the gravels of the microalgae with an appropriate solvent, and the solvent is particularly preferably an aqueous solvent. Examples of the aqueous solvent include water alone or a solution containing an acid, a base, or an organic solvent. The extraction method involves connecting the algae to a solvent and performing extraction at room temperature or under heating conditions. A particularly preferred extract is a hot water extract, which is prepared by suspending algae in a dry weight of 1 to 1,000 Q' to 1 liter of water.
It is obtained by contacting the algae at 0° C. for 0.5 to 120 minutes, preferably at 100° C. for 1 minute or more, and then separating the algal bodies by centrifugation or the like after the contact. The extract can be purified by gel filtration, dialysis, etc., if necessary.

13 The microalgae extract obtained above has a molecular weight of i, o
Contains oo to 1,000,000 sugars, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, and other substances, and exhibits phytohormone synthesis promoting activity in plants. Extracts that can be used in the present invention include the extracts obtained in the following manner, high-molecular fractions or low-molecular fractions obtained by molecular fractionation of these extracts, or concentrates or frozen products thereof. Alternatively, there are extract powders dried by spray drying or the like.

The above-mentioned microalgae extract can be used as a plant hormone synthesis promoter in liquid form, powdered solid form, and can be applied directly or indirectly to plants for treatment. For example, liquid ink is suitable for treatment by foliar spraying, coating, watering, soil irrigation, etc., and powder or solid ink is suitable for treatment by furrow treatment, soil mixing, etc. Especially from the point of view of effectiveness or work, it is important to spray liquids on the medicinal surface, soil 11JII, etc.
It is preferable to note this.

The amount of microalgae extract applied to the plant body depends on the type of plant,
It varies depending on the form, growth situation, application method, etc., and can be confirmed experimentally. For example, when treating trees or herbs such as vegetables with a solution,
0.002 to 21ψ/ in terms of dry weight of microalgae extract
! It is desirable to treat with a solution of a certain concentration and an amount of liquid that is sufficient to wet the stems and leaves.

By treating a plant body with a microalgae extract in this manner, efficient biosynthesis of endogenous plant hormones such as auxin, schihererin, cytokinin, ethylene, and apsisic acid can be promoted in the plant body. Therefore, these plant hormones are accumulated on the leaves, stems, roots, rhizomes, etc. of plants, and can be collected by operations such as extraction. In this case, known methods can be used for collection operations such as extraction. Furthermore, through the synthesis of plant hormones in living organisms, their physiological effects promote the growth of the plant itself, control the formation of flower buds,
It is possible to promote flowering or fruit enlargement, which can be widely applied to agriculture, forestry, etc., such as improving the quality and quantity of useful products.

Note that there are no restrictions on the method of extracting the microalgae extract of the present invention and the method of treating the plant body, and during treatment, it is possible to use it in combination with other leeks, etc., and it is also possible to apply plant hormones at the same time. You can go.

As described above, according to the present invention, treating a plant body with a microalgae extract has the effect of promoting the synthesis of endogenous plant hormones in the living body of the plant.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

Example: 60 parts of chlorella powder to 1 part of water! The extract was suspended in water and extracted with hot water at 100°C for 30 minutes, the extract was centrifuged, and the supernatant was dried to obtain a powdered extract. A stock solution was prepared by dissolving the solution at a concentration of e. Then, dilute this stock solution to 1.0[]0 times and prepare
siamatrellaL. ).

Two days after spraying, the lawn was dug up, roots and rhizomes were collected as samples, crushed in 70% ethanol and soaked for 24 hours to extract cytokinin.

From the extracts Staden, J. Zy1/kainin was separated by the method of Van (1976), purified using an ion exchange resin, and developed using a pH chromatograph.

The developing solution is isozolopanol, 25% ammonia, water (1
0:1:IV/V), the chromatographically developed portion was divided into 10 equal parts, eluted with 80% ethanol, and Bidd
ington, N. I,. and Thomas, T. H
.

Amaranthuabi according to the method of (i973)
Cytokinin assay was performed using oassay. That is, cotyledons and hypocotyls of Amaranthus were cultured in a medium containing the specimen, betacyanin was extracted, and the difference in absorbance at 542 nm and 620 nm was measured using a two-wavelength spectrophotometer.

The results are shown in the graph of FIG. In Figure 1, (A)
(B) is when untreated root 16/ is sampled, (B) is when root 16 treated with extract is sampled, (Cl is when untreated underground rhizome 8y' is sampled, (D) is When 8 rhizomes treated with the extract were used as samples, (E), (
F) shows the production amount of betacyanin when zeatin is used, the vertical axis shows the ozotene force density, the horizontal axis shows (Al-(D+ is Rfvalue), (E).
CF+ indicates the performance of zeatin (μg/.#), and the control is the value of M/75 phosphate buffer.

Next, the cytokinin assay was similarly performed using Amaranthus bioassay on the stock solution used in the treatment and the diluted solution thereof, and the results are shown in the graph of FIG.

The results shown in Figure 1 show that when not treated with microalgae extract, almost no cytokinin was produced in both roots and rhizomes, whereas when treated, a large amount of cytokinin was produced in both roots and rhizomes; From the results shown in Figure 2, it is clear that cytokinin is not present in the extract itself. Therefore, it can be seen that the synthesis of endogenous plant hormones is promoted by treating plants with microalgae extracts.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a graph showing the results of the amaranthus bioassay in the example. (A) is when untreated roots are used as samples, (B) is when treated roots are used as samples; When treated rhizomes are used as samples, (DJ is when treated rhizomes are used as samples, (EL (F) is the amount of betacyanin produced when soleceatin is used,
The figure is a graph showing the results of Amaranthus bioassay of microalgae extract. -26-

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A plant hormone synthesis promoter characterized by containing a microalgae extract (2) The plant hormone synthesis promoter according to claim 1, wherein the microalgae is Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Dunaliella, or Spirulina. (3) The plant hormone synthesis promoter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extract is an aqueous solvent extract. (4) The plant hormone synthesis promoter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extract is a hot water extract.