JPS58179542A - Production of particle-dispersed metal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a particle-dispersed metal in which dispersion particles are dispersed easily and uniformly by flowing molten metal to a cooling body to solidify and feeding the particles to be dispersed heated by plasma into the unsolidified metal simultaneously. CONSTITUTION:The molten metal in a crucible 2 is pressed by a pressurizing gas to eject through a nozzle 2a onto the surface of a cooling roll 31 under rotation. At the same instant, the particle powder 12 to be dispersed in a hopper 11 is fed by the feed gas from a feed pipe 16 into a plasma torch 20 and is passed through the inside of a plasma arc 32, whereby the powder is heated. The heated particles to be dispersed are fed into the unsolidified metal which is then solidified quickly on the roll 31 and is released in the direction tangential to the roll 31. A flaky-or thin belt-like particle-dispersed metal 40 dispersed therein uniformly with the particles to be dispersed is obtained easily by the above- mentioned method.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a particle-dispersed metal suitable for uniformly dispersing particles in a metal (metal alone or alloy) to obtain a nine-particle dispersed metal.

Oxides, nitrides, carbides, borides in metals.

Dispersing non-metal particles and metal particles such as sulfide and carbon,
Properties of the metal, such as wear resistance and hardness.

Many attempts have been made to improve the strength, creep characteristics, etc.

Conventionally, methods for manufacturing such particle-dispersed metals include: (1) melting a metal and adding dispersed particle powder to the molten metal; and (2) adding powder metallurgy to the metal without melting the metal. There is a method of dispersing dispersed particle powder.

Among these methods, the former method (■) includes the method of ■-(&) molten metal 1+ adding dispersed particle powder to semi-molten metal and stirring; There is a method in which the dispersed particle powder is blown into and mixed with an inert gas or the like, and (i) a method in which the metal powder and the dispersed particle powder are simultaneously sprayed to form a sprayed overlay layer of the particle dispersed metal.

However, among the above methods, in method (1), when there is a large difference in specific gravity between the metal and the dispersed particles,
This difference in specific gravity causes floating or sinking of the dispersed particles, which limits the selection of metals and dispersed particles, and even when the difference in specific gravity is small, the relationship between the molten metal and the solidification of the molten metal is limited. This method had problems such as the dispersed particles sometimes coagulating. In methods 1+ and ■-(b), the dispersibility is not necessarily reduced because the dispersed particle powder is injected, and in addition, with such a blowing method, it is difficult to inject sufficiently fine dispersed particles. , which has problems such as limited use. Further, in the method 1<b>-(e), the dispersed particle size was generally large due to thermal spraying, and the amount of dispersed particles was also large.

On the other hand, in the latter method (2) described above, a metal (alloy) powder with a predetermined component or a plurality of metal (alloy) powders corresponding to a metal (alloy) with a predetermined component, dispersed particle powder, and appropriate This is a method in which the powder is mixed with a binder in a T-ball mill, and the mixed powder is molded/w8WI.

However, in method (2), if there is a large difference in specific gravity or particle size between the metal powder and the dispersed particle powder, a powerful ball mill must be used for a long time to uniformly mix these powders. It is necessary to carry out stirring and mixing for hours, and in addition, it may cause the contamination of impurities from the ball mill, and moreover, the rounding to produce the particle dispersion may exceed several hundred X. Finely dispersed particle powder must be used as a raw material, and there have been several problems in obtaining such ultrafine dispersed particle powder in large quantities at low cost.

This invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to uniformly disperse dispersed particles in metal in a short time and very easily.
The purpose of this study is to develop a manufacturing method that can produce particle-dispersed metals having the properties required for various applications, such as mechanical properties and chemical properties.

The method for producing a particle-dispersed metal according to the present invention is to flow a molten metal toward a cooling body and solidify it, and at the same time feed dispersed particles heated by a plasma arc into the unsolidified metal, Dispersing the dispersed particles in the metal is referred to as % mold, and in the case of Act No. 11, the dispersed particles are fed into a plasma arc and the dispersed particles are heated by the mosquito plasma arc. A trap is fed into the solidified metal, or a raw material for dispersion particle synthesis is fed into a plasma arc, the dispersed particles are synthesized in the plasma arc, and the dispersed particles are fed into the unsolidified metal. Furthermore, the plate K is characterized in that the unsolidified gold W4 is rapidly solidified.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the implementation of this invention am will be described in detail based on drawings.

FIG.
J! This is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example, in which a metal S hot water 1 is housed in a crucible 2 equipped with a nozzle 2, and can be heated and maintained by an induction coil 6 and a power source 4 disposed around the crucible 2. ing. Further, the upper end of the crucible 2 is closed by a pressurized gas supply pipe 6. valve 7,
Pressurized gas is fed into the crucible 2 from the pressurized gas feed device 8, so that the molten metal 1 can be jetted out from the nozzle 2a. On the other hand, the hopper 11 accommodates the dispersed particle powder 12, and can feed the dispersed particle powder 12 to the dispersed particle powder feeder 15 via the dispersed particle powder feed pipe 16 and the valve 14. This dispersed particle powder supercharger 15 includes a gas supply 7 supply f16 and a valve 17.
A dispersed particle powder feeding gas is fed through the dispersed particle powder feeding pipe 18. Plasma torch 2OK is fed through valve 19. This plasma torch 20 has a hollow nozzle 21 connected to the dispersed particle powder feeding pipe 18 and a hollow nozzle 22 arranged concentrically with the hollow nozzle 21, and the upper end of the hollow nozzle 22 is closed by a closing member 26. A plasma gas supply pipe 25t having a valve 24 is connected to the hollow nozzle 22, and a power filter is connected to the hollow nozzle 21.
The configuration is such that the cathode sides of the two are connected.

A rotatable cooling roll 61 that acts as a cooling body for the molten metal 1 and the dispersed particle powder 12 is disposed below the plus 1 torch 20 and the crucible 2. The plasma arc 62 is connected between the plasma torch 20 and the cooling roll 61.
to occur.

Nine, the cooling roll 31 has a rotatable wire brush 3.
The roll surface can be cleaned by touching it with 6tIyj.

When producing particle-dispersed metal using such a production apparatus, pressurized gas is fed into the crucible 2 from the pressurized gas supply pipe 6 to press the molten metal 1 in the crucible 2, The molten metal 151E1 is ejected from the nozzle 21 toward the 5th surface of the cooling roll 61.

At the same time, the dispersed particle powder 12 in the hot spring <11 is fed into the plasmatope 20 by the dispersed particle powder feeding gas sent from the gas feed pipe 16, and the source 50 (D
The dispersed particle powder 12 is passed through a plasma arc 62 formed by the plasma gas pressure sent from the plasma gas feed pipe 25 and heated by a force U, and the dispersed particles heated by the plasma arc 52 are heated by the plasma arc 62. Feed into solidified metal. At this time, the cooling roll 61 is rotating in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure, and the material is rapidly cooled on the cooling roll 61 without giving an opportunity for uneven distribution or clumping of dispersed particles. When applied in the tangential direction, the dispersed particles 42 are uniformly dispersed in the metal 41, as partially shown in Figure 2, and a particle-dispersed metal 40 in the shape of a thin strip is obtained. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, one crucible 2 for storing molten metal 1 and one hopper 11 for storing dispersed particle powder 12 are installed, but the number of these installed can be increased as appropriate.

When the particle-dispersed metal is manufactured in this way, even when the dispersed particle powder 12 used is of coarse particles,
It is not necessary to use ultra-fine powder, which is crushed by thermal shock caused by rapid heating of the plasma arc 62, and raw materials are easily available, and the dispersed particle powder 12 can be smoothly fed. The ratio of the dispersed particles 42 and the metal 41 can be arbitrarily changed by changing the feeding amount of the dispersed particle powder 12, and this type of change has the advantage that it can be changed even during production. This has the advantage that the dispersed particles 42 are uniformly dispersed in the metal 41 and a nine-particle dispersed metal 40 can be obtained.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of the particle-dispersed metal manufacturing apparatus used in carrying out the present invention, and the same components as those in the apparatus in FIG. The explanation will be omitted. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 3, the hollow nozzle 22 of the plasma torch 20 is connected to the plasma gas supply and raw material material supply f55 for dispersion particle synthesis, which has 5 cylinders, and the hollow nozzle 521 is connected to the valve 59t-
The difference is that a feed pipe 58 for dispersion particle synthesis raw material fs is connected.

Such manufacturing equipment! When producing a particle-dispersed metal using the pressurized gas supplied into the crucible 2, the gold @ molten metal flow 11 is ejected toward the cooling roll 61, and at the same time, a One raw material for dispersion particle synthesis is fed, and at the same time, plasma gas and the other raw material for dispersion particle synthesis 'K are fed from the plasma gas supply/raw material feed pipe 55, and both are fed into the plasma arc 62. By feeding the raw material for dispersion particle synthesis of
Dispersed particles are synthesized by the reaction in the plasma arc 62, and the dispersed particles are fed into the non-III metal region. At this time, the cooling roll 61 is rotating in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure, and the metal page is rapidly cooled by the cooling roll 61-H and discharged in the tangential direction.
A flake-like or ribbon-like particle dispersion W in which dispersed particles 42 are uniformly dispersed in 1041
440 is obtained.

When the particle dispersion group X is manufactured in this way, the raw material for dispersion particle synthesis is fed into the plasma torch 20 and the dispersed particles are synthesized in the plasma arc 62, so that the dispersion The particles can be uniformly dispersed in the metal 41 in a non-contaminated state, and if the dispersed particle powder is fed at a constant sound rate over a long period of time, it is easy to cause various problems, including the problem of trap agglomeration. When it is desired to uniformly disperse dispersed particles in a metal, -F
The above-mentioned problems when feeding the powder can be avoided, and by changing the concentration of the raw material for dispersion particle synthesis, the feed rate, etc., the severity of the dispersion particles and the amount produced can be easily controlled. By selecting the raw materials, it is possible to uniformly disperse various types of dispersed particles in the metal with 0T capacity, and it has nine advantages such as the ability to uniformly disperse two or more types of dispersed particles if necessary. are doing.

Figure 4 shows nine particles of dispersed gold used to carry out this invention! /@It is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a third embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus, and the same components as those of the apparatus in FIG. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, metal bath #h1 is melted by a plasma torch 70 and fed onto a cooling roll 61. That is, the metal powder 62 is stored in the hopper 61, and the pre-md metal powder 62 can be fed to the metal powder feeder 65 through the metal powder feed pipe 66 and the valve 64. A metal powder feeding gas is fed into the metal powder feeding pipe 68.65 through a gas feeding pipe 66 and a valve 67. valve 69
and is fed to another plasma torch 70 through. This plasma torch 70 is connected to the metal powder feeding pipe 68 and grows a running hollow nozzle 71, a Lit hollow nozzle 72 arranged concentrically with this hollow nozzle 71, and the upper end of the hollow nozzle 72 is closed by a closing member 76. A plasma gas supply m1F75 having a hollow nozzle 72 and a Niharvest 74 is connected to the hollow nozzle 71, and the cathode side of a power source 80 is connected to the hollow nozzle 71.
0 anode 1111 is connected to the cooling roll 61, a plasma arc 82 is generated by opening the plasma torch 70 and the cooling roll 61, and the metal powder 62 is transferred to the molten metal 62 &
It is configured such that it can be flowed toward the cooling roll 31 and solidified.

Even when such a device 11t is used to produce a particle-dispersed metal, the particles 42 are uniformly dispersed in the metal 41 as shown in FIG. Even when the metal powder 62 used is of coarse particles, it is crushed by thermal shock caused by the rapid heating of the plasma arc 82, so the metal powder 62 is not necessarily ultra-fine. There is no need to use a metal powder 62, raw materials are easily available, and one metal powder 62 is smoothly fed, and the dispersed particles 12
By changing the feeding rate of the metal powder 62 and the feeding rate of the metal powder 62, the ratio of the dispersed particles 42 to the gold [41] and the production rate per hour of the particle dispersed metal 40 can be arbitrarily changed. Although it has the advantage that changes can be made even during the manufacturing process, it is also possible to mix different types of dispersed particles simultaneously by using a plurality of plasma torches 2o. By using a plurality of torches 7o, alloying of metals, etc. is also possible.

20. Plasma torch used in each example.
As 70, a transfer set or a non-transfer set can be used.

Further, as the metal 41, F@, Ni, Co
, cy.

Various metals or alloys such as At, 'l''i, W, Mo, etc. can be used.

Furthermore, various oxides can be used as the dispersed particles 42.

nitrides, carbides, silicides, sulfides, borides.

Non-metallic powder or metal powder such as carbon or glass can be used.

The resulting particle dispersion 1140 may be crushed into particles of appropriate particle size, and then shaped and sintered, heated and forged, etc., to obtain a desired product.

The F1 embodiment will be described below.

Example 1 In this example, the apparatus shown in FIG.
- The test was carried out in an argon atmosphere tank with a diameter of approximately 15001 ml and @ approximately 1500 m. In addition, the implementation items are shown in Table 1.

, 1s, .

Table 1 JP-A-58-179542 (5) Then, when the structure of the chopped metal dispersed in the chopped particles produced under these conditions was observed using a t-electron microscope, the particle size of the dispersed particles was 200 to 5 oool, and was ultrafine. , and it was confirmed that it was extremely uniformly dispersed in the metal. Further, when specific gravity was measured, the volume ratio of the dispersed particles was approximately 1.2%. By uniformly dispersing the K Y, 0□ imitation particles in the Ni-based alloy in this way, the creep characteristics of the Nl-based alloy could be further improved.

In addition, other molten metal 1 and dispersed particle powder 12't
- I carried out the same procedure using the same method, and was able to obtain good results as well.

Example 2 In this example, the device shown in Fig. 3 is used, and this device f
The test was carried out in a nofurgon atmosphere tank with a diameter of about 1500 m and a diameter of about 1500 mm. Further, the implementation conditions are shown in Table 2.

7 to Table 2 8 Next, the structure of the nine-chop-shaped particle-dispersed metal manufactured under these conditions was observed with an electron WJ4 microscope, and the particle size of the dispersed particles was 300 to 6001, which was an ultra-fine state. Moreover, it was confirmed that it was extremely uniformly dispersed in the metal. Further, when specific gravity was measured, the volume ratio of the dispersed particles was approximately 1.3 cm. Furthermore, identification of the dispersed particles by selected area diffraction showed that the dispersed particles were mainly TiN, with some Tie, 4 seen, and thus, N
By uniformly dispersing mainly TIN fine particles in the N1-base alloy, the creep characteristics of the N1-base alloy could be further improved.

In addition, when the same procedure was carried out using other molten metal 1 and raw materials for dispersion particle synthesis, good results were also obtained.

As explained above, according to the present invention, the molten metal is flowed toward the cooling body and solidified, and at the same time, dispersed particles heated by a plasma arc are fed into the unsolidified metal, Since the dispersed particles are dispersed in the metal after solidification, (1) a particle-dispersed metal in which the dispersed particles are uniformly dispersed in the metal can be produced in an extremely short time and with high efficiency; Since the dispersion particles heated by a plasma arc are fed, the degree of adhesion with the metal is quite high. ■Adjust the feed rate of molten metal and the feed rate of dispersed particle powder or raw material for dispersion particle synthesis as appropriate. By this, the ratio of the metal to the dispersed particles can be changed arbitrarily and extremely easily, and such a ratio can be easily changed even during the production of the particle-dispersed metal. By rapidly solidifying the molten metal using Numerous publications have published, such as ``By adding the characteristics of the dispersed particles to the characteristics of the metal, it is possible to obtain a composite material with excellent overall characteristics.'' It has a great effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example of a nine-particle fractional metal manufacturing apparatus used in the practice of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a nine-particle dispersed metal manufactured by the apparatus of FIG. "Figure 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing other examples of particle-dispersed metal manufacturing equipment used in the practice of the present invention. 1... Molten metal, 1 m... Metal bath #J flow, 12.・
・Dispersed particle powder, 20...Plasma torch, 61...
・Cooling roll (cooling body), 62... plasma arc,
40...Particle fraction metal, 41...Metal, 42...
Dispersed particles, 55.58... Raw material powder feed pipe for dispersion particle synthesis, 62... Metal powder, 62&... Metal molten metal flow,
70...Plasma torch, 82...Plasma arc. Patent applicant: Daido Steel Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) At the same time as the molten metal is allowed to flow toward a cooling body and solidified, dispersed particles heated by a plasma arc are fed into the unsolidified metal, and the dispersed particles are transferred into the solidified metal. A method for producing a particle-dispersed metal characterized by dispersing the metal.