JPS58178087A - Emergency separator for fluid cargo-handling line - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an emergency disconnection device for a fluid handling line that is optimal for use in disconnecting a fluid handling line that transports fluid in an emergency to cut off the flow of fluid.

The fluid handling line is, for example, a LN docked at a sea berth.
'Used to unload LNG from a G tanker to a storage tank, or from a storage tank to an LNG tanker.

By the way, in the event of an emergency situation in which the LNG tanker is separated from the sea berth due to strong winds or waves while unloading or loading LNG, it is necessary to It is necessary to remove the coupling part provided on the sea berth to separate the cargo handling equipment and the LNG tanker onto the sea berth, and to shut off the flow of the dangerous LNG to prevent it from leaking. Therefore,
Usually, an emergency disconnection device is provided in the middle of the fluid handling line as described above, which disconnects in an emergency to interrupt the flow of fluid.

Conventionally, this type of emergency release device has a configuration shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, for example. That is, 'one and the other couplings C, , C2 are joined to the coupling B, and each coupling C, , C2 is provided with a slide valve v1 .
■2 is built-in. The slide valves V, , V2 are pushed against each other in opposite directions against springs S, , S2 to set the distance between the slide valves 1° and 2, and the couplings C, , C2 and the slide valves V, , V2 are connected to each other. Heather rods L, L2 are provided protrudingly to form a fluid flow path between them. and each slide valve v1. v
Seal packings P and P are attached to the head No. 2.

Therefore, during normal use when transporting fluid, as shown in FIG.
1 slot SL, and is discharged from the coupling C7. In addition, in an emergency G, the couplings B and B may be
is removed, the coupling ClIC2 is detached, and the slide valves V, , V, due to the repulsive force of the springs S, , S2 and the fluid pressure.

Seal packing P, P is coupling c, + C2
is pressed against the seal ring rI + r2, and the flow of fluid is blocked as shown in FIG.

However, in the conventional device, as described above, after the couplings C, C2 are disengaged, the seals are formed by the springs S, ,
Since it is carried out in a very short time due to the repulsive force and fluid pressure of S2, the kinetic energy of the fluid in the cargo handling line is abruptly interrupted and converted into pressure energy, resulting in the occurrence of bad writing such as water hammer. Become.

Therefore, when adopting the conventional bag tube, it was necessary to take measures such as separately providing a check valve.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points. In other words, this invention seals both couplings after a certain period of time without abruptly cutting off the kinetic energy of the cargo handling fluid after the couplings are separated. It is an object of the present invention to provide an emergency disconnection device for a fluid cargo handling line that can avoid bad writing such as.

Therefore, in order to achieve this object, the present invention detaches one and the other couplings provided in the middle of a fluid handling line in an emergency, and applies biasing force and force to each slide valve inserted in both couplings. In an emergency disconnection device for a fluid cargo handling line that slides under fluid pressure to put each coupling in a sealed state and shut off the flow of cargo handling fluid,
A guide ring provided on the slide valve and an enclosure ring provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder of each coupling are provided at a position on the outer periphery of each of the slide valves where cargo handling fluid can flow in. A gap is formed as a throttle between the guide ring and the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and between the enclosure ring and the slide valve, or a separate throttle hole is provided, so that when the slide valve slides, The guide ring, the enclosure ring, the slide valve, and the inner wall of the outer cylinder form a fluid-sealed portion.

The present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an emergency disconnection device for a fluid cargo handling line according to the present invention, and in the figure, reference numerals 1 and 2 indicate one and the other of a pair of left and right couplings.

The coupling 1.2 has the same cylindrical shape, and seal rings 5 are provided at both ends of the outer cylinders 3 and 4 on one side and the other side.
, 6 and a connecting flange 7.8 are formed. These one and other seal rings 5 and 6 are joined by a clamp 9 provided along the entire circumference, and this clamp 9 is pressurized and divided by a cylinder device (not shown) that is activated in an emergency. , immediately seal ring 5,
It has been removed since 6.

Furthermore, the connection flange 7 of the one coupling 1 is
It is fixed to a connecting flange 11 of a connecting pipe 10 provided protruding from the side of a tanker (not shown), and the connecting flange 8 of the other coupling 2 is connected to a loading arm ( (not shown). The loading arm freely moves the coupling 2 in the X, y, and z directions in order to hold the other coupling 2 in line with the position of the one coupling 1 on the connecting pipe 10 side. It has a structure that allows it to be positioned and held.

Next, the flow passages 13 of one and the other couplings 1 and 2,
The shape of No. 14 will be described. The flow passages 13, 14 of both couplings 1, 2 have the same shape, and each connecting flange 7.
From the 8th side to the middle of the outer cylinder 3°4, the first inner wall part has an inner diameter R of 15°16, and from the middle of the outer cylinders 3 and 4 to the seal rings 5 and 6, the inner wall has an inner diameter D2 (D2> R
) and the second inner wall portion 17.18 of the inner diameter D3 (Ds>D2
>R) third inner wall portion 19.20 is formed. And from the third inner wall portion 19.20, the seal ring 5,
The cross-section of the flow path tapers relatively gently to the connection openings 21 and 22 of No. 6, and there is a tapered sealing surface 23 in the middle of which the slide valves 27 and 28, which will be described later, come into contact.
．． 24 is formed. Further, the third inner wall portion 19
Enclose rings 25 and 26 are fixed to the stepped portion between the second inner wall 17 and 17.18.

The couplings 1 and 2 are thus joined together by the clamp 9, and the flow channels 13 and 14 are electrically connected through the connection openings 21 and 22.

In the flow passages 13 and 14 of the coupling 1.2 described above, one and the other slide valves 27.28 which are slidable in the axial direction of the couplings 1 and 2, and the slide valves 27.28 are provided.
a spring 29.30 as a biasing means for biasing the sealing surface 23.24 of the seal ring 5.6;
Ring-shaped stopper 3 that one end of ゜30 contacts
1.32.

The slide valves 27, 28 have the same cylindrical shape, and one end face of each is closed by a valve head 33, 34, and the other end face is an inlet opening 35, 36 into which fluid flows.
It is said that The outer diameter D1 of the slide ring 37.38 of this slide valve 27.28 is the same as that of the second inner wall portion 17.
18, and is also smaller than the inner diameter H of the enclosure ring 25 and 26, as shown in FIG. It is formed.

Furthermore, elongated holes 39 and 40 are formed over the entire circumference of the slide rings 37 and 38, and stepped portions 41 and 42 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the slide rings 37 and 38. The spring 29 is attached to the portions 41 and 42.
．． The other end of 30 is abutted. Further, guide rings 43 and 4 are provided on the inflow opening 35.36 side of the slide ring 37.38, that is, at the rear end of the slide valve 27.28.
．． 4 is fixed. The outer diameter of this guide ring 43.44 is smaller than the inner diameter D2 of the second inner wall portion 17.18, and a predetermined gap ΔS2 as a throttle hole is formed between the two. 'The aperture length is L.

Furthermore, the valve head 33.34 of said slide valve 27.28
has a spacer rod 47, 48 opposite to its central part.
is provided protrudingly, and this spacer rod 47.
'48 and the inner cavity of the slide ring 37.38 are provided with conical cones 49,50°51.52. Also,
At one end of the valve head 33, 34 a sealing gasket 53, 54 is attached over its entire circumference.

Note that the first inner wall portion 15.16 and the second inner wall portion 17.18
The guide rings 43.44 of the slide valves 27.28 contact the stepped portions 45, 46 between the slide valves 27.28.
It plays the role of a stopper that regulates the stroke. Also, the second inner wall portion 17.18 and the slide valve 27.
28 slide ring 37.38 and guide ring 43
．． 44 and the enclosure rings 25 and 26 are referred to as fluid sealing portions 55 and 56. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, coupling 1.
2 is assembled and the slide valves 27 and 28 are attached to the spring 2.
Slide against 9.30 and guide ring 43.44
In the state in which the fluid sealing parts 55 and 56 are in contact with the step parts 45 and 46, that is, in normal use with the coupling 1.2 joined, the fluid sealing parts 55 and 56 are elongated holes with an opening width of X, as shown in FIG. 39
The distance E between the guide ring 43.44 and the enclosure ring 25.26 is larger than the distance X between the seal ring 53.54 and the sealing surface 23.24.

Furthermore, the conical cones 49, 50, 51.52
The angle θ is set so that the cross-sectional area of the fluid flow path becomes substantially uniform when the couplings 1 and 2 are assembled.

Next, the operation of the second configuration will be explained.

First, the state in which the coupling 1.2 is assembled to the clamp 9, that is, the state in which fluid is handled during normal use, will be explained with reference to FIG. During normal use, the slide valve 27.2
8 is spacer rod 47, 4.8V spring 2
9. Pushed in the opposite direction against 30, the stepped portions 45, 46
The fluid sealing portions 55 and 56 are fixedly held in between.
A part of the elongated hole 39.40 of the slide valve 27.28 is opened.

When loading fluid from a storage tank to a tanker in the above-mentioned state, the fluid flows from the loading arm side into the first inner wall 16 of the coupling 2 and passes through the slide valve 28 as indicated by the arrow in FIG. through the inlet opening 36, the elongated hole 40, between the third inner wall 20 and the slide valve 28 and between the cone 50 and the sealing ring 6, and the connecting opening 21, 22.
It flows into the flow path 13 of the coupling 1.

The inflowing fluid then passes between the conical cone 49 and the seal ring 5, between the third inner wall 19 and the slide valve 27, and then passes through the elongated hole 39, the inflow opening 35, and the first inner wall 1.
5 and is loaded onto a tanker via a connecting pipe 10.

Conversely, when unloading from a tanker to a storage tank, the fluid flow is reversed to the above case, and the two fluids flow from the connecting pipe 10 through the long hole 39 and through the connecting opening, contrary to the arrow in FIG. 21, 22, and a long hole 40, and is loaded into a storage tank via a loading arm.

In this way, fluid can be stably handled in both directions via the couplings 1 and 2. Here, in any of the above cases, that is, during loading and unloading, since the fluid sealing part 55.56 and the elongated hole 39.40 are open, the liquid in the fluid sealing part 55.56'V is It will always be fulfilled.

Next, in an emergency situation where the tanker leaves the sea berth while loading fluid, and it is necessary to urgently shut off the fluid loading line, the clamp 9 is turned off as shown in Figures 3 to 5. Removed, coupling 1,
2 will be withdrawn.

Therefore, the slide valves 27, 28 are connected to the coupling 1,
Simultaneously with the separation of slide valve 27.2, the slide valve 27.2 is pushed and slid by the resultant force of the reaction force of the springs 29 and 30 and the fluid pressure, and as shown in FIG. When the slide rings 37 and 38 of 28 slide, the guide rings 43 and 44, the enclosure rings 25 and 26, the outer cylinder 3 and the slide rings 37 and 38 form a fluid sealing part 55 and 56, and the fluid sealing part 55
．． A fluid M is sealed in 56.

In addition, at this time, the seal packing 53, 54 and the seal surface 23
．． 24, there is an interval of X2.

Furthermore, slide valves 27, 28 and slide rings 37.
38 slides further, the guide ring 43.44
The distance between the guide ring 43.44 and the enclosure ring 25.26 becomes smaller, and the sealed fluid M in the fluid enclosure part 55.56 is pressurized.
A cushioning effect is produced by the enclosed fluid M between the two. Then, the sealed fluid M starts to leak out of the fluid sealed portion 55, 56 from the gap △SI and the gap 82, but at this time, the sealed fluid M starts leaking from the gap △S1. Since ΔS2 acts as a throttle to regulate the amount of leakage of the sealed fluid M, the slide valve 27
．． It takes a certain amount of time for the seal packings 53, 54 of No. 28 to slide by the above-mentioned distance X2 and come into contact with the sealing surface 23, 21H, in other words, it takes a certain period of time for the slide valves 27, 28 to slide. From this, the slide valve 27
．． 28 slides suddenly without resistance due to the reaction force of the springs 29 and 30 and fluid pressure, and there is no danger of sudden disconnection of both couplings, and the sliding speed is regulated.
Bad writing such as water hammer within the coupling-12 can be avoided. After a certain sliding time, the seal gaskets 53 and 54 of the slide valves 27 and 28 are pressed against the seal surfaces 23 and 24, and both couplings 92 are completely sealed.

Here, the slide time t can be secured using the following equation.

■Fluid sealing pressure crab P P2□ - (D, F-D, 2) F Resultant force of Nispring reaction force and fluid pressure D1 Outer diameter of Nispring ring D2: Inner diameter of second inner wall■ Gap △S1. △ Containment of leakage of sealed fluid from S2;
Q R: Gap diameter, /2 or D2/2 μ = Fluid viscosity L: Squeezing length■ Enclosed and discharged volume: V ■-〒(D2"-DI2) If the spacing between seal surfaces is the same as these 0 to 0 formulas and the aperture effects of △s1 and △s2 are different, the slide time t becomes ■XQ.Actual calculations show that △S = 0. If 05 mm SL = 12 mm, then t = 1.15 sec when the fluid is water.

Note that there are gaps ΔS1. as throttle holes between the guide rings 43, 44 and the outer cylinders 3, 4, and between the enclosure rings 25, 26 and slide rings 37, 38, respectively. Instead of forming ΔS2, the sliding speed of the nullide valves 27 and 28 may be regulated by providing a throttle hole in the guide ring, slide valve, or enclosure ring, for example.

As explained above, according to the present invention, the guide ring and the enclosure ring are provided at a position on the outer periphery of the slide valve where cargo handling fluid can flow in, and the guide ring and the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the coupling, Either a fluid restriction is made between each valve, or a restriction hole is provided separately, and when the slide valve slides, a fluid sealed part is formed by the guide ring, enclosure ring, slide valve, and outer AR1 part. Therefore, after the coupling is separated, a cushioning effect is obtained by the sealed fluid between the guide ring and the enclosure ring, and the gap or throttle hole serves as a restrictor to prevent leakage of the sealed fluid, and the slide valve Since a certain amount of time can be secured before the seal packing contacts the sealing surface, there is no risk that the slide valve will suddenly cut off the kinetic energy of the cargo handling fluid without resistance, and both couplings can be removed after avoiding bad writing such as water hammer. It has the effect of being able to rub the seal state G.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the emergency disconnection device for a fluid cargo handling line according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the fluid sealing part of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the slide valve is pressed against the sealing surface due to leakage of the sealed fluid; FIG. , partially cutaway front view showing a state in which the coupling is detached, No. 6
The figure is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional emergency release device, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the conventional device in a released state. 1.2...One side and the other coupling, 3゜4...
・Outer cylinder, 17.18...Second inner wall part, 23°24・
... Seal surface, 25.26 ... Enclose ring,
27.28... Slide valve, 29.30... Spring as biasing means, 37.38... Slide ring, 39.40... Elongated hole, 43.44... Guide ring, 55 .56...Fluid enclosure part, M...Enclosed fluid, ΔS1. △S2... Clearance around the aperture hole. Patent applicant Niigata Iron Works Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Norimitsu Nishimura

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an emergency, one and the other couplings installed in the middle of the fluid handling line are removed, and each slide valve inserted in both couplings is slid by biasing force and fluid pressure to seal each coupling. In the emergency disconnection device for a fluid cargo handling line that shuts off the flow of cargo handling fluid, a guide ring provided on the slide valve is provided at a position on the outer periphery of each slide valve where cargo handling fluid can flow in.
An enclosure ring provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder of each of the couplings described above, and an enclosure ring provided as a throttle between the guide ring and the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the slide valve. A gap is formed or a throttle hole is separately provided, and when the slide valve slides, a fluid-sealed portion is formed by the guide ring, enclosure ring, slide valve, and inner wall of the outer cylinder. Emergency disconnection device for fluid handling lines.