JPS58177470A - Explosion cladding method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

Honnari W! A relates to a method of applying a stimulant using a high-grade spray tube, and in particular to a method and apparatus for performing the explosive type, as well as a structure of a consumer for performing the method. The present invention has % advantages when applying multi-component coatings and when applying single coatings of flagstone materials. The explosive coating method has been known for a relatively long time and is widely used in the United States and the Soviet Union. However, various difficulties still exist when applying coatings with reactive materials and coatings with materials containing alloying additives. Especially if reactive metals such as titanium and other metal alloys are exposed to explosive waves? If it is possible to do so, there are still significant gaps left. Materials such as those mentioned above are prepared using conventional methods (for example, U.S. case PJ, 7
73°2! No. specification, 3. Attempts to alluvialize using rr≠,≠11 specification←)1 could not give the desired results. The above conventional method involves mixing the powdered consumable material with a g1 gas mixture, igniting the mixture to cause an explosion, and transporting the powder by the flow of the explosion product to form a powdered coating. consists of depositing the material onto the workpiece; inspection of the formed 11I has confirmed that the quality of the deposited material is much lower than the quality of the consumable material before deposition. 0 for reactive materials. This is explained by the rapid oxidation of the material in the flow of explosion products. In the case of alloyable materials KFi, a reduction in the quality of the deposited material is caused by burnout of the alloying additives. One of the better known methods for multi-component deposition (see U.S. Pat. The method consists of the following repeated operations: powder and Qin gas mixture

[The above powder t-explosion product #lt'L is sent to the cylinder, and the explosive mixture gas is ignited to cause an explosion in the cylinder.
Then, the powdered consumable material is transferred to the workpiece. A coating is formed by the ilK collisions. Although the above method seems promising, it does not solve the problem of high quality coatings with reactive and alloyable materials. There are major drawbacks, namely the failure of alloying properties and reactive components. It is well known that these drawbacks are caused by the consuming material remaining open for too long in the high temperature atmosphere of explosive products, but existing methods and equipment do not allow for this. It cannot be excluded that the above drawbacks t-
The only way to eliminate KI is near the outlet of the workpiece tube.
l〈It was. It is not practical to shorten the tube because doing so will significantly reduce the movement and thermal energy of the powdered coating material when it collides with the substrate (workpiece). The quality of the resulting coating is extremely poor. The apparatus for carrying out the above method has a cylinder with a discharger, a gas mixer, a powder unmetered feeder holding IZ, a frame,
The gas mixer and the powder quantitative feeder are connected to each other in the above-mentioned case, and a workpiece holder is placed in front of the outlet end of the case.
1.However, this device exhibits all of the above-mentioned drawbacks during the percussion operation.The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a sixth method and apparatus for explosive coating, in which: This allows the consumable material travel path and the explosion product flow path to be significantly shortened, and the application of high quality coatings with reactive and alloying materials, without increasing the capacity of the device. The explosion was carried out using a tube with a trowel with a discharge of 1,118 gF!, and this method involves feeding powder and explosive mixed gas into a tube, igniting the mixed gas, and causing an explosion within the tube. , the above-mentioned powder is transferred from the Rt'lK of the explosion product to the workpiece, and the consumable material is formed by a repeated step of depositing it on the surface of the workpiece, and in the main process, the consumable material is -S is used in the form of a solid body, and a stream of detonation products is directed towards said solid body, so that particles from the solid body of said consumable material are knocked out by the powder carried by said stream. The time during which the dispersed consumable material is exposed to the explosive particles is significantly reduced, and in this case the consumable material is virtually All of the desirable factors of stiffness make it possible to use explosive coating methods to form high-quality coatings of alloyable and reactive materials. Instead of powders used to knock out particles from consumable materials, shore-based materials such as silicon dioxide (sand) can be used.
It can also be used. To apply a composite coating, for example a two-component coating 81, it is desirable to use a modified method of the above method, in which particles of one Imm acid component are used as the powder, The particles ejected from the surface of the body are carried along with the powder particles onto the surface of the workpiece by the flow of explosion products. Of course, the material from which the powder is made must not be reactive or alloyed. This modified method allows for a uniform distribution of the ingredients in the coating, which is not achievable by conventional methods in which powder mixtures are used. Decentralized Jfll! When the sacrificial material is used as a powder, Ktj,
It is desirable that the particles ejected from the consumer are separated from the powder particles and transported onto the surface of the workpiece, which may adversely affect the workpiece. Particles of shore-side material are prevented from forming a coating. Non-heat resistant materials (e.g. pufstik) l! When applying 11F coating by the explosive coating method on the substrate (workpiece) of and that sufficient kinetic energy is present in the particles ejected from the consumer to force them out of the flow, which is not possible in any prior art method. does not offer such a possibility. In order to obtain a high quality material, it is preferable that the abrasive material has a higher melting point and hardness than the consumable material;
This not only makes it possible to effectively knock out the particle tube from the consumer, but it also makes it possible to heat these particles to a temperature sufficient to bond them to the workpiece. Covering at-
In this case, it is recommended to heat the consumer before deposition. When heated, the hardness of the powder is reduced and the powder is crushed due to the collision of the powder. -] Particles are more likely to be knocked out from the surface of the bone body. When carrying out the entire process, it is desirable that the consumer be heated to a temperature at which the hardness of the consumable material is less than that of the l# rigid powder used. Preferably, the consumer is heated by passing an electric current through it. The device according to the present invention comprises a cylinder having a discharger 1r, a frame for holding a gas mixer and a vessel for supplying unquantified powder, each of which communicates with the cylinder, and a frame placed on the frame facing the outlet end of the cylinder. Further, in the present invention, a holder for a solid body of consumable material gauged with # is provided in front of the workpiece holder. Such a structure of the device according to the invention makes it possible to minimize the thermal and chemical effects (oxidation effects) of the explosion products on the consuming materials. In a simple embodiment of the O device OE of the present invention, the O device OE is an O device in which the outlet end of the cylinder O is used as a holder for the consumer.
In order to prevent damage to the workpiece due to explosive powders and explosive products, the outlet end of the cylinder is made in a V shape, and the inner lumen is divided into two outlets, and the consumer object holder is connected to the One of the outlets is used to direct the particles ejected from the consumer to the workpiece, and the other outlet is located on the shore side. It serves to deflect the powder tube away from the workpiece. It is desirable to provide a current Ilt, one pole of the above power supply is connected to the skeletal body holding gSK, and the other pole is connected to the workpiece holder. tIR is generated in the ionized flow, and the particles of the consumable material are transported onto the workpiece. !This consumer body is made up of a large number of elements made of various materials that are coating components, and is packed in a dense pack. By using this, it is possible to apply a high-quality camphor covering.◇The above-mentioned consumer body can be made in the form of a number of rods or in the form of a number of plates.〇The following: Accompanying drawings (Accordingly, the embodiments of the present invention will be described. The inventive method according to the present invention is carried out using the T device shown in the attached drawings. The above device has a frame T (Figure I). Has, frame/
At the top, a cylinder housing the discharger 3, a gas mixer V, and a powder quantitative feeder j are arranged, and the quencher V communicates with the cylinder through the connecting pipe 6, and a 91 feeder tiJ is installed. Connecting pipe 7? RH communicates with the same ease, ・In the bow ←, on the frame L, facing the outlet of the tube 2, the wave force "1 body 9'IIr and the retainer t held by the gold gauze, t. , the device has a holder ic for the consumer//, the object holder 10 is moved in front of the workpiece holder r in the top/top trap, and the object holder 10 is moved in front of the workpiece holder r, and the identification is carried out in the holder l. The conscious consumer l/f!t″lJ to the accumulating earth of the product of moral development. Consumable Materials 0 Used in the form of a solid body made into various shapes. In the implementation shown in Fig. 2, the outlet end of the cylinder is connected to the consumer/
Functions as &%@10 of /. In this case, the cane is made up of a consuming body 11FX, an interpolator /C, a streamlined part /3 fixed coaxially to the support body /If, and a force. The example shown in FIG. 3 is suitable for applying the pressure on a workpiece made of a non-heat resistant material. As shown in the figure, the retainer l of the cover body is oriented smoothly relative to the axis of the simple λ, and the wave force is applied to the explosion products.
11. A flat table tilted at an angle α with respect to the axis of the cylinder @/
We have 3 meetings. In this case, since O@〈α＜to'', the area of the surface facing the cylinder is the projection m1 of the cross section of the cylinder onto this surface. , at a distance of 1vr from the consumer body// ＼1Table 711J/3 It is fixed perpendicularly to the table 711J/3. The distance D from the end of the cylinder to the center point of the surface /3 is the inner diameter β of the cylinder, which is the angle of flow of the explosion products. It is possible to prevent the explosion products from having a negative impact on the workpiece. In this embodiment, the outlet end of the shaft is made in a V-shape, and the lumen 16 of the barrel has two exits 17. and /l, and in this case, the body 10 of the consumer l/l has a lumen 16
is placed where it branches to the above two exits. Exit/7f
i. Used for partial pipe drawing of dispersed lateral material used as powder. Facing the exit /l, the body of the workpiece is scorching with force. Fig. 5 shows the implementation of 'f' (see Fig. 1), which is similar to y, and t2 further has a DC power supply /9.
The anode of 9 is connected to the holder 10K of the consumer l/tl, the above holding@%IC and the consumer 11 are conductive 11@Material power, and the cathode of 1 is the holder 1K41I' of the workpiece body. Continue. This holding @r and the workpiece body are also made of electrically conductive material. If the consumer l/ is to be heated, the device is provided with a conventional heating element & (not shown) V, and the terminals of the above means are connected to the 4! of the consumer l/. If the weight of a sheet of if%@io can be calculated as 0', a consumer body consisting of a large number of elements made from various materials N, which are secondary components, is used. It is important that the above elements are assembled into a duck pack (Figs. 4 and 7). At this time, the above elements are arranged in the shape of a card X, and these are combined into a lampshade. It is also possible to do this (Fig. 4), and as a method, the elements can be made in the shape of a rice bowl, and they can be fastened together using bolts and strips.
2. (Figure 7). The curvature-wrinkle covering method according to the invention is carried out using the above-described apparatus as follows. Powder from metered supply AT is sent to No. 2 via connecting pipe 7, and at the same time, stationary gaseous drifts from the gas mixture IiF are sent through connecting pipe T1- to cylinder 2, where the explosion occurs in the cylinder. 8 mixture is ignited and exploded by electric discharge ijK. The gas produced by the explosion also dispersed the powder within it! ? accompany the situation. In the present invention, at least a part of the consumable material is used in solid form.
+, this solid shaped consumer body l/ can be placed on the flow path of the explosion products Kfl. The flow of explosion products is directed towards the consumer and knocks out particles of the consumable material from the surface of the powder consumer ii moving in the flow of the explosion products, and these particles strike the surface of the workpiece 20. This table 11i1
Forming a coating by colliding with the object - One of the methods of the present invention! l! In the examples, particles of a material used as one of the ingredients to be milled are used as the powder, but in this case, the particles knocked out from the consumer l/ are the same as the particles of the powder. The body of the machined object! ! It is m1 on the surface. The creeping action of the particles ejected from the consuming body onto the surface of the workpiece is due to the kinetic energy and the flow of explosion products seen in the particles as a result of the 1F of the powder particles reaching the surface of the consuming body. This is done by the dynamic pressure of t. The method according to this gk example allows the application of composite coatings*! Nisui・4th Cabinet and IF! By using a consumer of the type shown in 71H, it is possible to implement a multi-component complex machine at. The device according to the embodiment shown in No. Jg is similar to the case described above and P1.
The movable powder particle in one of the six cylinders is similar to the goose, but the difference is that the consumer // is made in the shape of an insert /J made from consumable material and an R#-shaped part 13. Particles of consumable material are ejected from the inserter l and the streamlined portion 13. This operation is performed at the end of the tube. Due to dynamic pressure, atsoyIeS min 1
Covering the surface of the workpiece behind the workpiece with an extremely hard, tidal-responsive coating or alloyed good material can be done by using the cage shown in Figure 3. In this method, a 1-dispersion t1-order material is used as a powder. Consumer body// table In* et al.
The particles are separated from the particles of the above-mentioned shore-side material and directed to the fIPIiI of the workpiece. In this case, the consuming body//(FIG. 3) is used as a diverter for separating such particles. Without moving into the area of deposition of the coating material, the small and light particles of the consumable material are directed onto the surface of the workpiece by the vortices remaining in the flow of the explosion products and onto this surface. When vRbRb number formation is performed on a workpiece made of non-heat resistant material,
It is common to keep the workpiece body out of the flow of the generated paraboloids, and in this case, the surface 15 of the bone stopper // (facing simply λ) is aligned with the axis of the cylinder. The power should be applied at an angle α (FIG. 3) to 't-form'''f, and even in this case, dispersed shore-oriented material should be used. It is desirable that the shore-side material has a higher melting point and hardness than the consumable material. By using a method of heating the consumer body before applying heat, high efficiency can be obtained.
There is no need to read the terms and conditions set out in the law as a membership fee. The consumer/I can also be heated during continuous coating formation. This kind of heating (and the simple method of doing it)
By heating the consumer body to a degree such that the material has a hardness number considerably lower than that of the friable material used as a powder. The apparatus according to the example shown in Fig. The particles are ejected from the outlet 17 after colliding with the consumer body L/, and are directed to the processing body D from the particle lamp outlet /L that has been completely knocked out from the consumer body L/. A feature of the device is that in the detonation OII, an additional charge is imparted in the flow of ionized detonation products between the consumer body l/ and the workpiece body, and this charge causes the detonation of the workpiece body The transfer of the consumable material onto the r If made in such a shape, it can be used to apply a multi-component composite IIe1.Detailed description of the present invention follows. It was carried out using a device with a cylinder of Jm.The oxidation side of the combustible gas (acetylene), the IF element), an inert gas (nitrogen), and was made by thoroughly mixing the above mixture with acetylene and diluting it with tube nitrogen.The ratio of the fractions in the above gas is as follows: 0, H, :O, :Bird=/:/,!:/,!Before the repulsive mixture is ignited to cause Ij explosion, silicon dioxide powder is placed in the cylinder. The powder supply was carried out by injecting the powder with inert gas (nitrogen).The nitrogen consumption was o, l-/h, and the powder supply time was It was for one-component use, and it was fired 70m5 before the start of the Fi explosion, when the powder was co-fed into the cylinder.As the consumer, a rectangular plate of alloy steel with the following components was used: 1493% iron. , pamu i3s, carbon 0.07 (b) The above plate is placed so as to form an angle of 0 with respect to the axis of the cylinder, and the upper end of the plate is placed at the height of the axis of the cylinder. Body 1III
The distance between the exit end of the blade and the surface of the workpiece is 100cm. e) 5. Give 100 liters of sodium chloride every second, and then the workpiece will be processed! ! On the screen iros rhinoceros alloy steel wear sm sinks 11
1 was given. The physical properties of the coating made with ζO11 were as follows: Adhesive force of the bond between the coating and the substrate = Porosity =
Height irregularities e /j Jl For comparison, similar workpieces were coated by conventional explosive coating methods. The powder of the consumable material was an alloy steel having a primary component of 1. ---
---------- Q07 The results of a comparison between the coating made by the method of the present invention and the coating made by the conventional method are shown in the following table. As is clear from the above table, carbon burnout is significantly reduced in the method of the present invention. EXAMPLE A composite binary IIe was prepared from tungsten and copper using the method of the present invention. The willowing was carried out using a device having a cylindrical part with a length of /, μ, and an inner diameter of ν. The ignition rate was low with ginseng shots per second. The explosive mixture is made in the ratio of acetylene/oxygen/, j-411JJI
Grain 4! Tungsten with
The consumer body is made of steel, and the workpiece is
ss was placed in a separate place. As a result of the analysis of the coating made by forming a coating of @Ir1s thickness of ion (carbon dioxide), both components (tungsten, copper) were found.
was shown to be evenly distributed in the coating layer. The height of the irregularity does not exceed KI&, and the adhesive strength of the bond between the coating and the substrate (-) and 0 is λ! It was H-. Conventional methods using mixtures of tungsten powder and steel powder make it possible to produce coatings in which the components are evenly distributed.1 The produced coating can have a layered structure. Dormitory Example J A composite cover can be applied to a steel workpiece by a similar method.
The coating material consists of tungsten and steel. The conditions for overburden formation were similar to those described above, except that the SO consumer was heated to a snow level of uoo@@, and the thickness of the formed sheath reached pcijOs. Heating of the consumer was carried out by passing an electrical current through it. The above results show that the efficiency in this case is twice that of the previous case.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an explosive coating device made by Honsei 8AK. Fig. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of an apparatus in which the cylinder serves to hold the consumer, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the axial direction of the apparatus in which the cylinder serves to hold the consumer. Description of the device to be used - Figure 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of the device with a V-shaped outlet end [Fig. Figure 7 is an oblique first view of a consumer body in the form of assembled rods. Figure 7 is an oblique view of a consumer body made in the form of stacked plates. ...discharger, da...gas mixer,! ... Powder quantitative feeder, t... Holder for workpiece, Ri... Workpiece, 10... Holder for consumer, ii... Consumer, /A... Simple lumen, 17...
・First exit of the inner cavity of the cylinder, /l...Simplified O inner lumen O second outlet, /9...DC power supply, to...rod, -...plate, Applicant's representative #111k Qing F/E,
J 10 I''//il Continued from page 1 0 Inventor Anatoly Ivanovich Zverev Soviet Union Kiev Uritsutsa Superdlova 13 Karbe 1 0 Inventor Allura Lukinichina Borisova Soviet Union Kiev Uritsutsa Dobrokhotova 14 Karbe 8 0 Inventor Anatoly Grigorievich Pogorily Soviet Union Kiev Uritsutsa Saksaganskovo 30 Karvey 25 0 Inventor Sergei Anatolyevich, Khlebnikov Soviet Union Kiev Uritsutsa Metrostroevskaya 1/35 Carvey 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] / The method is carried out using a device equipped with a discharger, and a mixture of powder and explosive gas is conveyed into a tube. The explosive gas mixture is ignited in the cylinder to cause an explosion, and the powder is produced! In an explosive coating method consisting of delivering a consumable material to a workpiece in a flow of generated pasture and depositing a consumable material on the surface 1 of said workpiece, at least part of said consumable material is in one form. used in the form of V, - the generated acid product is directed to the solid body;
In this case, the upper F powder carried by the flow K knocks out the particles of the consumable material from the solid body, and these particles are directed toward the surface of the workpiece. λ above 1 powder is overcome by one particle of the coating component, and the above-mentioned consumable material oiin physical strength is knocked out from the particle and bomber biological material 0
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein mold is transported onto the surface of the workpiece together with the particles of the powder by the tlL rolling. (5) The powder is characterized in that the powder is composed of a dispersed torturous material, particles are knocked out from the isomorph of the consumable material, and are separated from the particles of the powder and directed onto the surface of the workpiece. A method according to claim 1 in which the solid body of the consumable material is heated 1 before depositing the material.
? A method according to claim 1, characterized in that: t. Above of the solid body of the above-mentioned consumable material! The particles ejected from the I-plane are deposited on the workpiece outside the flow of the explosion products, and as they are ejected, the optical energy imparted to these particles is absorbed by the particles above the flow.・Cape l of the patent claim characterized in that it is sufficient to extrude from! Section J: Soft method. 4. A method of softening according to claim 4, wherein said torturable material has a higher melting point and temperature than said consumable material. 2. The method according to item 4c, characterized in that the solid body of the consumable material is heated to a temperature at which the hardness of the consumable material is lower than that of the powder. L The solid body of the above-mentioned consumable material conducts an electric current K
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is further heated. A cylinder having a discharger, a gas mixer, and a powder quantitative feeder are placed on the frame, and the mixer and the feeder communicate with the cylinder, and the workpiece is placed on the frame. In the apparatus for explosive coating, in which a workpiece holder for holding the workpiece is placed facing the outlet of the cylinder, a solid body (/l) of the consumable material is further placed on the frame (1). A cage (IC) is arranged, and this cage (IC) holds the cage (r) of the workpiece (rip).
> is placed in front of 1! ! Explosion wave with i characteristic
O equipment for performing. Device according to claim 0, characterized in that the outlet end of the /G consumable material solid body (/l) is used as the holder (10) of the solid body (/l) of the consumable material. // $(2J above KFi DC power supply Q is arranged and the above power supply is a solid body of consumer material (//) CCl0
) K is connected, and the workpiece (force retainer (r) K
It will be repeated 11 times! 41F eaves apparatus according to claim d. 12 The outlet end of the above-mentioned simple (λ) is made in a V shape, and the inner cavity of the cylinder (
14) is divided into two exits (17) and (15),
Device according to claim 10, characterized in that a holder (IC) of (6) form (/l) of consumable material is placed where said lumen (lυ) divides into two outlets. /, ] 4I In a solid body of consumable material for carrying out the method according to claim 1, the coating component is composed of a large number of elements made of various materials and assembled into a single set. A consumable material body according to claim 73, characterized in that the said element is made in the form of a rod (3). Features FFfII that are made into a VlI feature! Consumable materials listed in item 13 within the scope of the request.