JPS58170353A - Axially directional gap type semiconductor motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suppress generation of switching noise by a method wherein fan shaped coils are juxtaposed on a magnetic material yoke without overlapping mutually. CONSTITUTION:Armature coils 14a, 14c and armature coils 14d, 14b constitute respectively two phase armature coils, and alternating currents in phases being different by 90 deg. in the electric angle are flowed in the armature coils 14a, 14c and in the armature coils 14d, 14b to drive a field magnet 3. Armature coils 16a, 16b are provided at the entirely same phase position with the armature coils 14a, 14b, and an alternating current in phase being different by 90 deg. in electric angle is flowed in the armature coils 16a, 16b. The armature coils 14a, 14b are formed in a fan shape, and are positioned in the shallow groove parts of magnetic flat board 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an axial gap type semiconductor motor that suppresses the generation of mechanical noise.

Axial gap type semiconductor motors (hereinafter referred to as TISF motors) can be constructed flat, and are used in various types of equipment and have found wide applications. In addition, since it is a coreless type, it is efficient, does not cause clumping, and is lightweight, providing an effective technical means as a drive source.

For example, the implemented form is
No. 507. The armature coil in this case is an overlapping winding, but the armature coil in the same phase is removed to form a flat armature that does not overlap.

Even with the above-mentioned advantages, disk-type motors have some drawbacks. One of them is that switching noise is large. The causes of switching noise will be discussed later, but due to switching noise,
Semiconductor motors, which should normally operate quietly, generate noise that is louder than the noise generated by the commutator and brushes.
This may hinder practical application. This drawback is particularly problematic when used in audio equipment. Moreover, when the output is 10 watts or more, the noise generated becomes large, and there is a drawback that the noise exceeds that of a commutator motor.

The device of the present invention relates to a technique for removing the above-mentioned switching noise.

Next, the details of FIG. 1 and subsequent figures will be explained. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the capstan of a magnetic recording/reproducing machine using a cassette is directly driven.

In FIG. 1, an oil-less metal bearing 8a is fixed to a deck 2 that is a part of the main body, and a rotating shaft 8 that also serves as a capstan is supported on this. The center portion of a disk-shaped field magnet 3, which serves as a rotor, is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 8 via a plastic material 3c. The field magnet 3 is attracted upwardly and downwardly by the magnetic yokes 12 and 13, but is arranged so as to be balanced.

The one shown in Fig. 2 is the field magnet described above.
The magnets are magnetized so that the NX and S poles alternate in the axial direction with an opening angle of 100 degrees.

FIG. 4 shows a developed view of the armature coil 5.6 and the field magnet 3. Armature coil 14a% 14 (! and armature coil 14d, 14b are each 2
It becomes the armature coil of the phase, armature coil 14a114c
The armature coils 14 d and 14 b are energized with alternating current whose phase is 90 degrees in electrical angle to drive the field magnet 3 in the direction of arrow E.

Even if the armature coils 14c and 14d are removed, the above-mentioned driving torque can be obtained, so the armature coils 14a14b
As a result, the non-overlapping juxtaposition means mentioned at the beginning of the text can be obtained. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the purpose is achieved by arranging fan-shaped coils 14a and 14b side by side. According to such means, the armature can be made flat and its thickness can be reduced, and the armature coils 14a, 1
Since it becomes easy to embed 4b with plastic material and mold it into a disc shape, it is effective in mass production. The above-mentioned energization of the armature coil is controlled by a position detection device that detects the rotational position of the field magnet 30 and obtains a detection signal. When the field magnet 3 has eight poles, there are four armature coils. Furthermore, the above-mentioned means can also be implemented by known means in the case of a three-phase armature coil.

In FIG. 4, armature coils 14a and 14b are
The armature coil 5 of FIG. 1 is shown. Armature coil 1
An armature coil 16a is placed in exactly the same phase as 4a and 14b.
16b, which are shown as armature coils 6 in FIG. When the armature coils 16a and 16b pass an alternating current whose phase is 90 degrees in electrical angle, a torque is generated that drives the field magnet 3 in the direction of arrow E.

Next, the details of FIG. 5 will be explained. Reference numeral 12 denotes a magnetic flat plate serving as a yoke, which is circular in shape and has a protrusion 12c in one part. Symbol 12 a is a hole, which corresponds to bearing 8 in Fig. 1.
A is the part to be inserted. The magnetic flat plate 12 (hereinafter referred to as a yoke) is shown with the same symbol in FIG. Projections 12d, 12f, 12e
, 12g are provided, and the armature coil 1 is placed in the shallow groove part.
4a114b are glued and localized. As for the depth of the groove, it is easier to carry out the above-mentioned localization as the groove is deeper, but since this causes twitching during rotation, it is preferable to make the groove as shallow as possible. The protrusion 12c will be described later with reference to FIG.

Yoke 12 is manufactured as follows. The first method is to use Fe3O4, which acts as an insulator, on the surface of mild steel fine particles.
is formed into a film by well-known means, and then mixed into a plastic material and injection molded.
The shape is as shown in Fig. 5. The mild steel particles to be mixed are:
A volume ratio of about 50% is good.

As a second method, the magnetic flat plate shown in FIG. 5 can be made by preparing fine particles of mild steel coated with a plastic material, placing them in a mold, and molding them by heating and pressurizing them.

As a third means, it is also possible to use a ceramic made by sintering a ferromagnetic oxide made by exactly the same method as the soft ferrite core.

The magnetic flat plate described above can be used as a yoke, has a different potency from a silicon steel plate, and can be formed into any shape with a mold.Since it is an insulator, there is no eddy current loss, and printed wiring can be formed directly on its surface. Therefore, it is possible to provide effective means for the configuration of the present invention.

Returning to Fig. 1, the armature carp) v 5 explained in Fig. 5
The armature coil 5 is buried in the yoke 12 equipped with the yoke 12 by means described later with reference to FIG. 6, and a fixed armature is made by injection molding of a plastic material. In FIG. 1, a cross section of the armature 4 is shown. The armature 1 is made by embedding a yaw 13 having exactly the same configuration as the yoke 12 and by injection molding.

The armature 4 has its protruding parts (plastic material) 4a and 4b.
are made to protrude from the holes in the deck 2, and then heated and melted to fix the armature 4 in a predetermined position. The armature 1 is formed into a cylindrical shape, and the peripheral edge 1a of the armature 1 is bonded to the outer periphery of the armature 4.

Symbol 12c indicates a protrusion with the same symbol as in FIG. 5, and symbol 13c indicates a protrusion of the yoke 13 having a similar configuration. This protrusion includes, as will be described later with reference to FIG.
The input terminals of the armature coils 5 and 6 are led out, and these parts are molded to be exposed from the plastic molding material. The central part of the armature 1 is connected to the rotating shaft 8
As mentioned above, since the field magnet 3 is located between the yokes 12 and 13, the upper and lower air gap lengths are adjusted so that the attraction forces are balanced and the attraction force toward the bottom is slightly larger. is set.

As described above with reference to FIG. 4, when the armature coil 5.6 is energized in a predetermined manner, the field magnet 3 rotates.
It becomes a disk motor that directly drives the capstan 8. Naturally, constant speed control is performed, but it is not shown in the figure. Since the yokes 12 and 13 have no eddy current loss, they have the effect of improving efficiency.

Next, referring to FIG. 3, the effect of using the armature coil 5.6 will be explained. FIG. 3 shows the field magnet 3 and armature coils 5.6 (armature coils 14a and 1 in FIG. 4).
4b and armature coils 16a, 16b, respectively.

) is shown.

The conductor part effective for the torque of armature coil 14a is designated by symbol 1.
When expressed as 4g and 14f, their opening angles are equal to that of the magnet 3a. Only part of the magnetic poles 3a and 3'b of the field magnet 3 are shown. The direction of the magnetic field due to the NX S pole is indicated by arrows 17a117b, 17c
, 18a, 18b, 18c.

The conductor portion 14g is energized from the top to the bottom of the paper, and the conductor portion 14f is energized in the opposite direction.

Therefore, both the conductor parts 14g and 14f are connected to the arrow 19a11.
The field magnet 3 receives Fleming's force in the direction of 9b, and the field magnet 3 rotates to the left due to the reaction. ~Field magnet 3
When the conductor portion 14g is rotated to the position of the conductor portion 14e, the current direction is switched to the opposite direction by the output of the position detection element. Fleming's force at this time is arrow 2
1a, and as a result of the reaction, the field magnet 3 receives a force in the opposite direction. This force is unrelated to the driving torque, causes the field magnet 3 to vibrate, and causes switching noise.

According to actual measurements, when the output is about 10 watts, the noise is more than the sliding noise of the commutator and brush of the commutator motor, and the practicality is lost.

In this embodiment, conductor portions 14g and 14f (armature coil 5
), the armature coil 6 having the conductor portions 16e, 16d is disposed in the same phase position as the above-mentioned drawbacks. Next, I will explain it.

Since the conductor parts 14g and 16C and the conductor parts 14f and 16d are energized in the same direction, the conductor part 16c
, 16d, the Fleming force due to arrows 20a, 20b
This causes the field magnet 3 to rotate to the left. Also, the conductor portion 16e at the boundary between the magnetic poles 3a and 3b is the conductor portion 1
Since the current is applied in the same direction as 4e, the Fleming force is applied in the direction of arrow 21b. Therefore, it becomes a force that presses the field magnet 3 in the opposite direction. Since this force cancels out the force exerted by the conductor portion 14e described above, the force applied to the field magnet 3 disappears, and switching noise is prevented from occurring. Also, armature coil 5.6 (Fig. 1)
are also subjected to forces in opposite directions at the boundaries of the field magnetic poles, but
This is also canceled out via armature 4.1 and disappears, so the switching noise is reduced.

As described above, the configuration of this embodiment provides a semiconductor motor with low switching noise.

In FIG. 1, only the yoke 12.13 is made of a magnetic material, but the object of the present invention can also be achieved even if the armature 1.4 and the yoke 13.12 are each made of a magnetic material. .

Next, details of the armature 1.4 will be explained with reference to FIG.

The magnetic yoke 12, 13 in FIG. 1 has an armature coil 5 or 6 fixed thereon. The material of the magnetic yoke must be molded by injection or compression, and at least the armature coil mounting surface must be an insulator, and in the case of a high-speed motor, the entire yoke must be a non-conductor. There is. Therefore, as mentioned above, a sintered body of fine particles of mild steel or a cough insulation coating of fine particles is provided, and pressure is applied by compression work.
It is obtained by heat molding or injection molding. It can be made of a sintered body of a ferromagnetic oxide, that is, a ceramic.

In FIG. 6, a wooden magnetic yoke 12 is used as an example, and the symbol 4 indicated by a dotted line is the symbol for all the armatures. A two-phase armature coil 1 is attached to the magnetic yoke 12.
4a and 14b are fixed in place with an adhesive using the protrusion 15a115b as a guide member. The hole 12a in the center corresponds to the hole with the same symbol in FIG. 5, and is a through hole for a bearing, a rotating shaft, etc., and its size is determined by design.

Symbols 40 a, 40 b, 41 a, 41
b is a printed wiring arranged on the yoke 12. If the yoke 12 is electrically conductive, such as a sintered body of mild steel particles, a plastic film is formed on its surface.
The purpose is achieved by placing printed wiring on top of it. Printed wiring can be done by etching or
It is made by well-known means such as plating.

One end of the printed wiring 40a, 40b, 41a, 41b is connected to the winding start 42 of the armature coil 14a, respectively.
soldered to the end of X winding 42 b, the beginning of winding 43 a of the armature coil 14 b, and the end of winding 43 b;
At the other end, a protrusion 12cvc is derived. After the above-described soldering is completed, the yoke 12 is attached to the armature coil 14 by injection work using plastic material.
A114B etc. are buried and molded as a disc-shaped armature 4. At this time, a Hall element that reciprocates to the lead-out portion 44a of the printed wiring and has a phase difference of 90 degrees in electrical angle is omitted and not shown.

The above-mentioned armature 4 is characterized by the following points.

First, since the yoke is made by molding, it can have the most desirable shape and is suitable for mass production. Second, since each armature coil can be connected using printed wiring, the process is simplified, and the terminals 42a, 42b, 43a, 43b of the armature coils can be easily connected (
(approximately 6 millimeters) Also, since the underlay is led out from a fixed position, it is possible to use an automatic soldering machine, which helps reduce costs. Furthermore, since the lead-out terminal is small, the armature coil, which is mass-produced by an automatic machine, can be easily transported and installed on the yoke.

Thirdly, the armature coil can be positioned at an accurate position by the guide member consisting of a protrusion. Fourthly, when the armature 4 is molded into a disk shape from plastic material, the armature coil is fixed and its wiring has been completed, which simplifies the molding process and prevents accidents such as wire breakage. Decrease. Fifth, since the lead-out terminals 44as44b, . Sixth, if the yoke material has mechanical strength such as ceramic, the injection process of embedding it in the plastic material can be omitted. Seventhly, using a ribbon-shaped electric wire wound in a fan shape as an armature coil is the only means for increasing conductor density and efficiency.

However, there is a problem in the processing of the lead-out terminal, but this problem can be solved by the means of the present invention. For example, in FIG. 6, the printed wiring 40a can be installed below the armature coil 14a, and even if the terminal 42a is ribbon-shaped, it can be easily soldered to the printed wiring. If terminal 42 a
If it were to be folded back and guided out over the upper side of the armature coil 14a, the work would be difficult and the process would be complicated. According to this embodiment, the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the explanation is given for a two-phase armature coil, and the same means can be applied to a three-phase armature coil.

As can be understood from the above description, switching noise is removed and the object of the present invention stated at the beginning is achieved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a semiconductor motor according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a field magnet, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a field magnet magnetic field and Fleming's force between armature coils. Figure 4 is a developed view of the field magnetic poles and armature coil;
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the magnetic yoke of the device of the present invention, and FIG.
Explanatory views of other embodiments of the magnetic yoke are shown. 1.4... Armature, 2... Main body deck, 5.
6... Armature coil, 3... Field magnet,
8... Capstan, 8a... Bearing, 12.1
3I...Magnetic yoke, 12c, 13c...-Protrusion, 3a. 3 b - magnetic pole, 14 g, 14 f,
14 e, 16 c X16 d... Conductor portion effective for armature coil torque, 14 a, 14 b, 1
4c, 14d, 16a, 16b...armature coil, 12d, 12e, 12g, 12f...
Projection, 12 a-hole, 40a, 40b, 41
a, 41 b--Printed wiring, 42 a%
42 b % 43 a, 43 b - terminals of the armature coil. Figure l Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] The above-mentioned main body is composed of a main body that can be divided into upper and lower parts, first and second magnetic yokes each having a flat bottom face made of a magnetic material, and a main body that is perpendicular to the center part of the bottom face of the main body. a rotating shaft rotatably supported by the bearing; and a multi-phase fan-shaped first electric machine arranged and fixed on the bottom surface of the first magnetic yoke without overlapping each other. An armature coil having the same number of phases and the same angular phase as the first armature coil is disposed on the bottom surface of the second magnetic yoke, facing the child coil and the armature coil. A second armature coil is arranged and fixed without overlapping each other, and N and S magnetic poles magnetized in the axial direction are arranged alternately at equal pitches in the circumferential direction, A field rotor fixed to the rotating shaft and provided so that magnetic flux penetrates the first and second armature coils, and the field rotor,
The first and second
What is claimed is: 1. An axial gap type electric motor comprising an armature current control circuit that simultaneously controls energization of an armature coil.