JPS58166132A - Automatic adjusting device for thrust pre-pressure of universal joint - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automate appropriate affording of a thrust pre-pressure to the universal joint by affording the thrust pressure to the universal joint, and measuring the swinging resistance to discriminate the thrust pre-pressure. CONSTITUTION:An engaging metal fitting 8 is meshed with the other yoke 2b of the universal joint 1 afforded with a thrust pre-pressure by pressing means, and a leaf spring 9 is swung by a swinging angle of 25 deg. in one direction by a hyraulic cylinder 10 for swinging. Upon this occasion, the quantity of strain generated in the leaf spring 9 is detected by a strain sensor 17 and further amplified by an amplifier 18 and introduced into a comparison discriminator 19. When the swinging resistance is discriminated to be unsuitable, a controller 21 issues an instruction to a variable type pressure drive source 22, and application of pressure with respect to the universal joint 1 is resumed by pressure application means 23.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a universal joint, and more specifically, after assembling the universal joint, there is a gap K (hereinafter referred to as thrust gap) between the yaw of the universal joint and the cross spider. In order to allow the universal joint to rotate as smoothly as possible without causing any friction, the surface pressure (hereinafter referred to as thrust preload) generated between the contact surfaces of the yoke and cross spider of the universal joint is automatically adjusted by mechanical force. This invention relates to an automatic thrust preload adjustment device 1 for a universal joint that ensures an appropriate thrust preload.

In order for the universal joint 1 as shown in Fig. 1 to rotate smoothly, K is the thrust between the yoke 2 and the cross spider 3).
Ideally, the universal joint 1 should be assembled so that the gap between 61 and 61 is zero and no thrust preload is generated. Smooth rotation will be impaired. In order to prevent this, the assembly is actually done with a thrust preload of one mass. That is, by assembling the yoke 2 of the free hand 1 to the cross spider 3 in a state in which it is elastically expanded slightly outward from the original shape shown by the imaginary line in the figure, its elastic original shape recovery force can be improved. This is used to provide the required thrust preload.

The way the thrust preload is applied differs depending on the assembly method. For example, in the case of the K caulking method as shown in Figure 2, the K
A thrust preload is provided by caulking the cup portion 4 of the yoke 20 at an appropriate point while elastically expanding the tj yoke 2 outward. 9. As shown in Fig. 3, in the case of the snap ring method, in order to elastically wipe the KFi yoke 2 to an appropriate point, a snap ring 5 which is moldy and thick is used.
Through repeated trial and error, the thrust preload was forcibly interposed between the yoke 2 and the four spiders 3.
I'm losing weight. However, due to variations in the machining dimensions of the parts constituting the automatic joint 1, it is sometimes very difficult to obtain an appropriate thrust preload number during actual assembly.

Therefore, after assembling the universal joint 1 with a slightly thicker thrust preload than the appropriate value, the yoke 2 is pressurized to relax the elastic recovery force of the yoke 2 (II deformation)
Let's do it and K.

A method of adjusting to an appropriate thrust preload is generally adopted;

In order to pressurize the hole 2, the operator hits the hole 2 with a hammer 6 as shown in FIG.

Not only are the workers forced to do heavy labor, but the adjustment of pressure requires considerable skill and is extremely difficult.

The operator repeatedly applies pressure with the hammer 4 while sensing the magnitude of the swinging resistance of the universal joint 1, which is approximately proportional to the large thrust preload. It was detected by K's ``intuition'', and they claim that it is unreliable and that the thrust preload varies widely.

This was done in consideration of the actual situation with the present invention company, and it is not possible to adjust the thrust preload of the universal joint automatically by manual force, but by adjusting it automatically by mechanical force.

The swing resistance is automatically measured accurately, this measured value is compared with the acceptable range, and if the swing resistance exceeds the pass range, the pressure of the universal joint is applied, the swing resistance is measured, An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic adjustment device for the thrust preload of a universal joint, which automatically ensures an appropriate thrust preload required for quality of the universal joint by repeatedly performing the comparison and judgment thereof. It is said that

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9.

In the figure, 7tli, the other yoke 2b of the universal joint 1
The swing resistance measuring means 7 measures the swing resistance of the universal joint 1 by locking K, and the swing resistance measuring means 7 is locked to the other yoke 2b of the universal joint 1, as shown in FIG. A plate spring (with an upper end connected to the locking metal fitting 8)
It is generally composed of an elastic member) 9 and a swinging hydraulic cylinder 10 for swinging the lower end portion of the leaf spring 9. The lower end of the leaf spring 9 is located in the recess 1 at the right end of the swinging hydraulic cylinder 10.
1 so as to be movable up and down.

As the swinging hydraulic cylinder 10 moves to the right, the leaf spring 9 swings in one direction by a swing angle θ of about 25＠, centering on the cross-shaped end portion 12 of the universal joint 1. It is set as follows.

At this time, minute vibrations generated at the lower end of the leaf spring 9 are absorbed and removed by the rubber holding member 15 provided with the recess 11 (1111).

Reference numeral 14 denotes an arc-shaped cam that moves integrally with the locking metal fitting 8, and has a cut groove 15 at its lowermost end. When this cut groove 15 engages with the tip of the limit switch 16 and is returned to the ζ position, the limit switch 1
6 electrically detects the return of the locking metal fitting 8 and the free hand 1 to their predetermined original positions. This limit switch 16 detects the position and a large electric signal is sent to a control device 21, which will be described later.

A strain sensor 17 is attached to the upper end of the leaf spring 9. The amount of distortion, that is, the oscillating resistance, is converted into an electrical amount and detected. Needless to say, the relationship between the amount of distortion and the amount of electricity is determined experimentally in advance. The electrical signal detected by the strain sensor 17 is amplified by the amplifier 18. If necessary, the amplified electric signal is used to digitally display the swing resistance on a digital display meter (not shown).

19t: t, a judgment device that compares the large electric signal amplified by an amplifier with a preset acceptance range, and here, Fi2, which satisfies the acceptance range, is of course judged as a "good product",
Items below the lower limit of the acceptable range are determined to be "defective", and "defective" are marked, for example, by applying spray paint.

Items exceeding the upper limit of the acceptable range are judged to be Fi ``products exceeding the upper limit''. Oh, comparison judge 1
The pass range setting signal at 9 is sent from the pressure setting device 20, and the pressure setting device 20 determines the appropriate thrust preload required for quality of the universal joint 1 as a product, that is, the passing range of rocking resistance. Adjustments can be made as desired depending on the product.

The five signals of "good product", "defective product" and "product exceeding the upper limit value" which are comparatively determined by the comparison/judgment device 19 are sent to the control device 21.
The control device 21 receives this comparison judgment signal and instructs to stop the automatic adjustment at that point when the signal indicates "good product" or "defective product". “Items exceeding the upper limit value”
In response to this signal, the automatic adjustment is instructed to continue.

In this case, the control device 21Ktj has a pressurizing force control program that has been experimentally modified in advance, and if the rocking resistance is large, the hydraulic pressure of the variable pressurizing drive source 22 is adjusted appropriately. While instructing the variable pressurizing drive source 22 to increase the pressure to the maximum pressure, K also instructs the pressurizing means 25 to pressurize the universal joint 1, and instructs the rocking resistance measuring means 7 to measure the &i rocking resistance. It has become.

When the pressurizing means 23 receives a pressurizing command from the control device 21,
Immediately, the entire pressurizing element 925 approaches the universal joint 1 set at a predetermined position to the front position where pressure can be applied. This pressurizing means 2
3 has a pressure claw 24 at the lower end, as shown in Figure 7.
Two pressure rods 25 are provided facing each other on the left and right sides, and a roller (rotating body) 26 is attached to the upper end. The pressure rod 25ti is swingably provided via a fulcrum 27 located approximately in the center thereof, and the distance between the inner surfaces of the upper ends of the two pressure rods 25 gradually increases from the fulcrum 27 toward the upper end. It has become.

On the perpendicular 2# line connecting the two fulcrums 27, there is a tapered cam 28 with its axis as its axis, and the tapered cam 28Fi is connected to the pressure rod 2 via a pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 29.
It is provided so that it can move forward and backward with respect to 5. The cross-sectional width of the tapered cam 28 gradually becomes smaller toward its tip, that is, toward the pressure rod 25 side. Here, the tapered cam 28 may be planarly plate-shaped or three-dimensionally shaped like a truncated cone.

As this tapered cam 28 moves forward while contacting rollers 26 attached to both inner sides of the upper end of the pressure rod 25,
The pressure claws 24 at the lower end of the pressure rod 25 work together to press (1!l deformation) one yoke 2a of the universal joint 1. Here, the roller 26 is attached to the pressure rod. 25th side Kll,
It is also possible to attach 1111D to the attachment allowance 11 of the tapered cam 28. After completing the pressurization of one of the 1-ri 21 of the universal joint 1, the tapered cam 26 immediately moves backward,
The pressurizing means 2s is shaped so that the metal body is separated from the universal joint 1. The oil pressure of the pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 29 is controlled by the variable pressurizing drive source 22 described above, and a large appropriate pressure is sent thereto.

Next, the operation of the device of the present invention will be explained.

The universal joint 1 is set at a predetermined position and confirmed by a limit switch (not shown) or a proximity switch, etc., and on this premise, the following series of operations proceed. First, the swing resistance of the universal joint 10 is measured by the swing resistance measuring means 7. That is, the other RbK locking fitting 8 of the swivel hand 1 is locked, and the leaf spring 9 is swung in one direction by about 25 degrees of oscillation by the oscillating hydraulic cylinder 10. At this time, leaf spring? The amount of distortion that may occur is detected as an electrical quantity by a distortion sensor 17, and this electrical signal is amplified by an amplifier 18 and sent to a comparison/judgment unit 19. Comparison judge 1? Then, the pressure setting device 20 sets the pressure in advance and makes a comparative judgment with the passing range, and those whose rocking resistance is within the passing range are of course considered to be "good", and those below the lower limit of the passing range are thrust preloaded. If the product is determined to be "defective" because there is almost no clearance or there is a suspicion that there is a thrust gap, this signal is sent to the control device 21 and the control device 21 Device 21Fi stops the following automatic adjustment at that point. On the other hand, if the product exceeds the upper limit of the 1-pass range, a signal indicating "product exceeding the upper limit" is sent to the control device 21, and the following automatic adjustment is continued as is.

That is, when the control device 21 receives a signal indicating "a product exceeding the upper limit value," it inputs the rocking resistance determined experimentally in advance into the main pressure control program, and based on this result, the control device 2
1 instructs the variable pressurizing drive source 22 to generate an appropriate hydraulic pressure, and also instructs the pressurizing means 23 to pressurize the free hand 1, and pressurizing by the pressurizing means 23 is completed and the nine ridges are reached. .

A command is given to the rocking resistance meter means 7 to measure the rocking resistance.

Upon receiving the pressurizing command, the entire pressurizing means 23 immediately presses the universal joint 1.
approach to a position where it can be pressurized. Then, the pressurizing hydraulic cylinder 29 receives an appropriate hydraulic pressure from the variable pressurizing drive source 22 and moves the tapered cam 2a forward to the pressurizing rod 25 degrees.

As the tapered cam 28 moves forward while contacting rollers 24Km attached to both inner sides of the upper end of the pressure rod 25, the pressure claw 24 presses one yoke 2m of the universal joint 1. Immediately after completing the pressurization of one yoke 2m of the free hand 1, the tapered cam 28 moves backward, and the pressurizer 1jI2! The whole is also separated from the universal joint 1.

Universal joint 1 is the pressure means! 3, after the universal joint 1 is pressurized, the swing resistance measuring means 7 measures the swing resistance of the universal joint 1 in the same manner as before.

If the rocking resistance still exceeds the upper limit of the passing range, a second pressurization will be performed, but the magnitude of the second pressurization will vary from the previous one depending on the magnitude of the rocking resistance. In this way, the rocking resistance is measured by the rocking resistance measuring means 7, the comparative judgment device 19 makes a comparative judgment, +N and the pressure is applied by the pressing means 23. By repeating this series of operations, the swing resistance of the universal joint 1, that is, the thrust preload, will be automatically adjusted to satisfy the acceptable range, but the adjustment time will be unnecessarily long. To avoid this, in this example, if #i does not satisfy the pass range even for the third time, it is called a "defective product" in L2, and this "defective product Jij" is called the "defective product" for the first time.
Automatic marking including .

The automatic adjustment of the thrust preload described above is performed with one yoke 2a of the universal joint 1 and the other yoke 2b in a different direction.
Even if K is applied, the rocking resistance, that is, the thrust preload, will of course be automatically adjusted in the same way.
For example, as shown in Fig. 98, after automatically adjusting the thrust preload of one yoke 21 in the direction of axis A, the universal joint is
Alternatively, the thrust preload of the other yoke 2b in the direction of the axis B may be automatically adjusted using the same device of the present invention by rotating it by 0°, as shown in FIG.

Alternatively, if another device of the present invention is installed side by side and the universal joint 1 is transferred to a rotary movement system, for example, the thrust preload of one yoke 21 and the thrust preload of the other yoke 2b
The thrust preload may be automatically adjusted sequentially. When the number of automatic hands 1 exceeds a certain number, the latter is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity.

Finally, a supplementary explanation will be given regarding the precision fK of the device of the present invention.

The measurement accuracy of the rocking resistance measuring means 7 was compared with a commonly used measuring tool such as a torque wrench, and as shown in No. 10rMK, the measurement accuracy of the rocking resistance measuring means 7 and the rocking resistance meter III of the device of the present invention were as follows: The experimental results were almost the same as those measured by the + stage 7, and the pressurizing means 2
Regarding the accuracy of pressurization according to 3, when compared with conventional hammer work, in conventional hammer work, as shown in Figure 11, there were about 15 cases that exceeded the K/passing range, and moreover, it exceeded the passing range. There were about 32 books that were close to the lower limit value, and there was a large variation as a whole, but as shown in Fig. , and there were not even a single defective product. Of course, there are only a few that are close to the lower limit of the acceptable range, and the overall variation is small. The above experimental results confirm once again how accurate the device of the present invention is.

As mentioned above, in the device of the present invention, the universal joint is pressurized by mechanical force, and the rocking resistance of the universal joint is automatically and accurately measured to provide an appropriate thrust preload. This not only frees you from the harsh outside mold work of hammer work, but also makes the work easier, increasing work efficiency and significantly improving the quality of the universal joint.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the main parts of the universal joint, Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing how to apply thrust preload to the universal joint using the caulking method, and Sla is a partial cross-sectional view showing how to apply thrust preload to the universal joint using the snap ring method. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing how to lean the universal joint. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing how to relax the thrust preload of the universal joint using a manual hammer. Pukuk wJ showing an example of koji
. FIG. 6 is a front view showing the rocking resistance measuring means according to the present invention. Fig. 7 is a front view WJ showing four stages of pressurization according to the present invention, Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing the swinging direction of one side of the universal joint, and Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the swing direction of the other side of the universal joint. A perspective view showing Rino's *@ direction. Fig. 10 is a graph showing a comparison between the measured value of the oscillating resistance meter according to the present invention and a constant value obtained by the measuring tool; Fig. 11 is a graph showing the pressurizing accuracy using a conventional hammer; Fig. 12 FIG. 2 is a graph diagram showing the pressurizing accuracy by the pressurizing means according to the present invention. 1...Universal joint 2a...One eye 2b
...Other yoke 7...Swinging resistance measuring means 8...
・Latching metal fitting 9...Plate d (elastic member) 10・
... Hydraulic cylinder for swinging 17 ... Strain sensor 19
... Comparison judge 21 ... Control device 23 ...
Pressure means 24... Pressure system 26... Roller (
Rotating body) 27...Fully point 28...Tapered cam (1 person)? / Zuko 2m! 1 year old 3 figure t6* spear 7!121 spear 8WJ 19 figure Δ

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Pressurizing means for pressurizing one yoke of the universal joint; rocking resistance measuring means for measuring the rocking resistance of the universal joint by being locked to the other yoke of the universal joint; and the rocking resistance. A comparison judgment device that compares and judges the swinging resistance measured by the measuring means with a preset pass range, and a comparison judgment device that receives a signal that makes a comparison and judgment, and if the swing resistance exceeds the pass range, it satisfies the pass range. a control device that instructs to repeat pressurization by the pressure means, measurement of rocking resistance by the rocking resistance measuring means, and comparison determination by the comparison determination, in order to . (In the description 1 m of claim 1 of 2141, the pressurizing means is provided with two pressurizing rods that are swingably provided via a fulcrum, and is capable of moving forward and backward with respect to the two pressurizing rods. A tapered cam provided therein and a rotary body provided on either one of the two pressure rods and the tapered cam, each of the two pressure rods having one end with the fulcrum as a boundary. The tapered cam comes into contact with both inner sides of the other ends of the two pressure rods via the rotating body, and the two pressure claws move forward from the bar. , to pressurize one yoke of the universal joint set between the two pressure claws in cooperation with each other. The means includes a locking metal fitting for locking the other yoke of the universal joint, an elastic member having one end connected to the locking metal fitting;
Swinging hydraulic cylinder capable of swinging the other end of the elastic member, Ii
In addition, nine strain sensors are attached to the elastic member to detect the rocking resistance of the universal joint.