JPS58161987A - Slow-release nitrogen fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to nitrogen fertilizers, and more specifically, the present invention relates to nitrogen fertilizers, and more specifically, the present invention relates to nitrogen fertilizers, including diglycosylurea (hereinafter referred to as DGU) of the following formula (1), which is a reaction product of glucose and urea, and a nitrogen fertilizer of the following formula (2). The present invention relates to a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer containing as an active ingredient at least one compound selected from glycosylurea (hereinafter referred to as GU) and glycosylureide (hereinafter referred to as GUR) represented by the following formula (3).

NH-C-C-C-C-C-0M20HHOHHH 0=C(3) \NH2 Chemical fertilizers that have been commonly used in the past are mostly water-soluble and fast-acting, so they have many advantages, but the following It has its drawbacks.

(b) The utilization rate for plants is low due to runoff due to rainfall or irrigation - this is especially serious when crops are grown in sandy soil or bed soil for potted plants.

(b) The 9 fertilizer components that have been washed away are rivers, lakes and marshes: 4! It flows into the water, becomes eutrophic, and causes environmental pollution.

(→ If excessive fertilization is carried out, a large amount of fertilizer may be absorbed by the crops at once, causing chemical damage.

2) Crops that have a relatively long cultivation period must be fertilized several times, which requires a lot of effort and expense. To compensate for the shortcomings of these fast-acting chemical fertilizers, slow-release fertilizers are also used. Various efforts have been made to provide this.

For example, a coated fertilizer that has a slow-release performance of 14 by coating the surface of granular fertilizer with a water-insoluble film and gradually eluting the internal fertilizer components through pinholes on the film, and converting ammonia nitrogen in the soil into nitrate. Slow-release performance is achieved by adding a shed that suppresses the activity of nitrate bacteria and nitrite IO, which converts it into nitrogen, and suppresses the absorption of nitrogen into crop roots, while at the same time reducing nitrogen runoff.
An aldehyde-processed urea fertilizer that has slow-release performance by condensing aldehydes with urea and gradually hydrolyzing it in the soil or decomposing it by microorganisms. etc. are known1.

However, among the above-mentioned coated fertilizers, fertilizers coated with high-molecular organic compounds tend to have fluctuations in the elution rate of fertilizer components due to non-uniformity of the coating film caused by fluctuations in the particle size of the raw fertilizer, so these should be avoided. The disadvantage is that this creates a large technical and economic burden and is therefore very expensive.

Coated fertilizers using water-repellent inorganic substance powder as a coating agent, fertilizers containing nitrification inhibitors, and aldehyde-processed urea fertilizers are manufactured at relatively low cost, but do not have sufficient slow-release performance, and the fertilization period can be freely adjusted. The drawback is that you can only do so much.

Furthermore, another drawback of conventional slow-release fertilizers is that when they are used as a base fertilizer, the concentration of nitrogen components in the soil during the initial growth of crops is not sufficient. There is a difference in the quality of life, and it may not be possible to recover from this lag due to his upbringing.

As a result of various studies conducted by the present inventors in order to improve the shortcomings of the conventional technology, it was discovered that DGU, GU and GUR, which are reaction products of glucose and urea, can be used as fertilizers exhibiting excellent slow-release performance. In particular, the present invention t-n is a fertilizer that is provided with GURu slow-release performance and fast-release performance simultaneously.
It has come to this.

When used as DGU, GU or GUR, or their heated fertilizers, they decompose very slowly into glucose and urea in the soil, providing a slow-release performance suitable for cultivating crops; The glucose produced by this method has no adverse effect on the roots of the crop and can serve as nutrients for soil microorganisms, so the fertilizer according to the present invention is an extremely safe fertilizer.

DGU, GU, and GUR can be used as a fertilizer either alone or mixed with each other, and can also be mixed with any conventional powder, granular, or liquid fertilizer.

DGU, GU and GURii according to the invention, generally D-
It can be produced by reacting glucose and urea in the presence of an acid catalyst, preferably in stoichiometric amounts. Examples of acid catalysts include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, etc. Although there are no particular restrictions on the amount of these acid catalysts used, generally 0.05 to 0.0% per mole of glucose.
3 mol, preferably in the range of 0.8 to 0.15 mol. After addition of the acid catalyst, the reaction mixture is generally heated to allow the reaction to proceed. The reaction temperature is generally 40 to 1.
The reaction is completed at about 00°C, preferably about 50 to 70°C, in about 3 to 6 hours.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below using examples of tubes according to the present invention.

Below is the blank space 1IIA Example 1 Put model 400f of humic volcanic ash soil into a 500-liter Neupaquel and add 100 liters of humic volcanic ash soil.The nitrogen equivalent is 4019.
Groups of pots were prepared in which DGU, GU, GUM, or urea were added separately and thoroughly mixed with soil so that The soil water level of each pot is maintained at the maximum water level of 60-, and the temperature is 2.
The pots were maintained at 5°C. Every predetermined day, 373 pots were selected from each pot group of each test agent and the contents of ammonia 11"ii and nitrate nitrogen were measured. The results are as shown in the graph in Figure 1). 6. As is clear from the graph in Figure 1, the fertilizer DGU of the present invention
and GU are ±1 compared to urea, a fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer.
In addition, G (Jul) shows a mineralization rate intermediate between DGU and GU and urea, and is different from conventional fertilizers. I can't do it,
It can be seen that it is an extremely excellent companion fertilizer that has both fast-acting and slow-acting performance.

Example 2 Put 3.21 x 111 pieces of air-dried nine-humus volcanic ash soil into a 1/5000 Earl Wagner pot, mix the base fertilizer well into the upper third layer, sow Mitsuba (Kanto free weight), mourn, and practice. Additional fertilization in the fertilized area was done 811 months after sowing as liquid fertilizer.
Fertilizer was applied to the entire topsoil three times in total, one after 1 month and 3 months later. Cultivation was carried out in a greenhouse, and after 1 month of sowing, the plants were thinned to 5 plants/pot.The test was repeated 4 times in each test plot.

Fertilization in each test plot was as shown in Table 1.

Tables 2 and 3 below show the growth status during cultivation and the surveyed rice supply at the time of harvest.
118 days after sowing, the leaf color in E section is already medium yellow-green, and in F section it has turned yellow. From the results of DGυ, GU and GtJR, it was found that if the total amount of fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer, it will be more effective than the chemical fertilizer that is applied in portions. It is clear that it is a very good slow-release fertilizer.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the daily changes in the soil content of nitrate nitrogen (dotted line in the figure) and ammonia nitrogen (solid line in the figure) in DOυ, Gυ% Gull, and urea fertilized bales in Example 1. Patent applicant: Showa Denko K.K. Patent agent: Akimizu Akira, patent attorney: Kazuyuki Nishidate, patent attorney: Ishi 1) Honorable patent attorney: Akira Yamaguchi

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A nitrogen fertilizer containing at least one reaction product of glucose and urea.