JPS58160038A - Automatic tool changer of turret with two saddles - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to reduce the tool changing times by a structure wherein a carrier equipped with an automatic tool changing arm shiftable in the X-axis direction between a tool magazine and turret carriages, both of which have two tool changing positions, on a numerically controlled lathe. CONSTITUTION:When tool changing instructions are issued from a numerical controller in accordance with a workpiece to be machined, both A and B turret carriages 9 and 12 shift to respective specified tool changing positions so as to align in the X-axis direction with the clamping faces of tool holder of turrets 10 and 13. On the other hand, in the tool magazine 20, a tool holder T to be changed is indexed into the position A corresponding to the turret carriage and the tool changing arm 30 extends its grasping claws 319 and 320 in order to grasp tool holders T respectively and pivots 180 deg. in order to perform the tool changing between the carriage and the magazine. After that, the carrier 301 equipped with the tool changing arm 30 is shifted by means of the B tool changing instruction and a changing operation is performed in a similar manner. Consequently, during the tool changings at the respective carriages, no shifting of the carrier is necessary, resulting in enabling to remarkably reduce the tool changing time in case of two saddles.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer between a tool rest and a tool magazine in an NC lathe having two saddles and one turret tool rest on each saddle.

The present invention aims to provide an automatic tool changer suitable for shortening the tool change time of a turret tool post on two saddles, and the present invention particularly aims to provide an automatic tool change device suitable for shortening the tool change time of a turret tool post on two saddles. The carrier is equipped with an automatic tool changing arm that is movable in the X-axis direction and positioned at the two positions in the X-axis direction when the tool magazine and turret tool rest are opened and positioned at the same two positions in the X-axis direction as the tool changing position. It is characterized by this.

Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

First, the overall configuration will be explained. On the lathe bed 1, two parallel and horizontal guides 2.2 are formed on the upper surface, and a triangular saddle 6 whose upper surface is inclined forward is mounted so as to be slidable in the main axis (Z-axis) direction, and a servo (not shown) is mounted on the lathe bed 1. The position is independently controlled by a command from the NC device 14 by a feed screw rotated by a motor.
In addition, there are two guides 4 and 4 parallel horizontally arranged above and below on the front.
A triangular saddle 5 whose upper surface is flush with the inclined surface of the saddle 3 and inclined forward is mounted so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction, and is connected to the NC device 14 by a feed screw rotated by a servo motor (not shown). The position is controlled independently by commands. Further, on the left side of the bed, a headstock 7 is fixed to rotatably support a main shaft having a chuck 6 fastened to its tip. On the saddle 3, an A-turret tool post 9 whose rotation axis is in the X-axis direction is fixed on a middle stand 8 that is placed so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction (X-axis direction). A plurality of tool holders T that can be used in common with the i-thinning center are replaceably attached to the outer periphery, and the intermediate stand 8 is independently rotated in the X-axis direction by a feed screw rotated by a servo motor (not shown) by a command from the NC device 14. Position controlled.

Further, on the saddle 5, a B turret tool rest 12 whose rotation axis is in the X-axis direction is fixed on an intermediate stand 11 that is placed so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction, and the outer periphery of the turret 15 is used in common with the machining center. A plurality of tool holders T are replaceably attached, and the position of the intermediate stand 11 is independently controlled in the X-axis direction by a command from an NC device 14 by a feed screw rotated by a servo motor (not shown). Furthermore, on the end surface of the bed 1 opposite to the main axis, a tool magazine 20 storing workers on an endless chain is installed at an angle so as to be flush with the tool changing position of each of the upper rows of tools TtA-B turret tool rests. ing. Furthermore, a tool exchange arm 30 is provided between the turret turret and the magazine 20 for exchanging tools with the tool magazine when the A turret turret and the B turret turret are at the tool exchange position in the X-axis direction. It is being

Next, the structure of the turret tool rest will be explained. Since the A and B turret tool rests are the same, the explanation of the B turret tool rest will be omitted. A turret 10 is integrally fixed to a rotating shaft 100 which is slidably and rotatably supported in a horizontal direction on a turret main body 9 placed on a middle stand 8 and is stopped by a key.

A piston body 102 fitted into a cylinder 1o1 provided in the tool rest main body 9 is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft 1oo, and a split plate disc 103 for coarse positioning and a gear 104 are concentrically arranged at the end. is fixed to. Indexing disc 106
The same number of grooves 106a are cut on the outer periphery corresponding to each tool mounting position of 10.
A piston rod 107 of a piston 106 fitted into a cylinder 105 serves as a positioning pin. Also provided is a gear 108f that meshes with the gear 104 - a tool position detector 109 which is fixed to the manual shaft and is a rotary switch having a number of contacts corresponding to the number of tools, eight in this example.

At a position where the turret 10 and the tool rest main body 9 face each other, a curvic coupling 110 having teeth an integral multiple of the number of attached tools is fixed concentrically with the rotation 11i1100.

In addition, an internal gear 111 with a long meshing width is fixed to the inside of the coupling 110 on the back side of the turret) 10@.
It meshes with a pinion 115 at the tip of a rotating shaft 114 which is rotatably supported on the tool rest main body 9 by a rotary shaft 112 via a gear 113. Therefore, when pressure fluid is sent to the rear chamber of the cylinder 101 and the piston 102 moves forward, pushing out the turret 10 together with the rotating shaft 100, the curvic coupling 110 is disengaged and becomes rotatable, and engaged by the rotation of the motor 112. Binion i in state
is f: The internal gear 111 and the turret 10 are connected to the chest. The mounting holes in the flat part of the hexagonal side surface of the turret 0 each have gripping grooves for the tool and the exchange arm 30.116 T-A female taper into which the provided taper shank 117 is fitted. A socket 118 having a hole 118& and a positioning pin 119 for the tool holder T is fitted and fastened.

And in the hole at the back of this socket 118 is a pullstat 1.
Two symmetrical collet claws 120 for pulling up the collet claws 16 are housed, and a draw bar 121 for pulling up the collet claws 120 is housed so as to be slidable in the axial direction. This drawbar 121 has a flange 12i' at its outer end.
compression spring 1 interposed between the socket 118 and the socket 118;
22 constantly urges the collet pawl 120 in the direction of pulling it up, and a rectangular window bored in the axial direction of the 't'-bar 121 at the end has a pivot point 126 near the back side of the turret 10. One end of the short arm of the supported lever 124 is facing forward.

The other end of the long arm of this lever 124 is located directly above the tool holder T of the turret 10, which is the replacement position of the tool holder T.
The end of the piston rod 127 of the piston 126 fitted in the unclamp cylinder 125 provided therein is in contact with the end of the piston rod 127.
Therefore, when pressure m is sent to the cylinder 125, the lever 1
24 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 3 to open the fret 120. The other end of the long arm of the lever 124 is engaged with a key at the end of a piston rod 160 of a piston 129 fitted in a clamp cylinder 128 provided on the tool rest main body 9 right next to the tool use position. Therefore, when pressurized fluid is sent to the front chamber of the cylinder 128, it is pulled by the key and rotated clockwise in the JIIB diagram, and the drawer 121f: collet pawl 120t and pulling tool holder T are firmly fitted into the socket 118. Provides rigidity against cutting force.

Next, the tool magazine 20 will be explained. Two sprocket wheels 203, 203 are fixed on a shaft 202 which is rotatably supported on a magazine drive unit 201 of a tool magazine frame with a gap of 9 At.
2 extension part of the chain 1 pitch cocoon release groove 204&
The index disk 204 and the gear 20 are cut at equal intervals on the outer periphery.
5, 206 etc. are fixed.

The end of the piston rod 209 of the piston 208 fitted in the cylinder 207 provided in the index disk 204 serves as a positioning pin for the index disk 204.
The chain is inserted into the groove 204a according to a command to reliably index and position the pitch of the chain. The drive gear 205 is connected to a servo motor 211 via a gear group 210. Further, the gear 206 is connected to a tool number detector 213 via a gear 212. A driven sprocket wheel 214 paired with driving sprocket wheel #203 is provided parallel to the tool magazine frame, and an endless chain 215 serving as a tool magazine is hung between both sprocket wheels 205 and 214.

The endless chain 215 has a tool bond 216 for each pitch, and this pot accommodates a tool that can be shared with the tool holder T of the machining center.

When the tool holder T is inserted into the tool pot 216, there are 24 m long holding claws 217 that are always biased in the closing direction by a spring that engages with the pull stud at the tip of the shank and are located symmetrically.
is built-in. Then, the chain is stretched such that the upper surface of the tool pot 216 of the upper chain matches the upper surface of the socket of the A-B talent tool rest, and is indexed and positioned at two positions A and H as tool exchange positions corresponding to the turret. .

Next, the tool exchange arm 60 will be explained.

Two guide rods 300 are located in the center between the A and B talent tool rests 912 located at the exchange position in the Z-axis direction and the magazine 20.
, 300 are provided in parallel to the magazine frame or a support on the bed 1, and a carrier 301 is slidably mounted on the guide rods 300, 300. carrier 601
is an air cylinder 302 fixed together with a guide rod 300.
This arm is provided with a triple cylinder outer cylinder 603 that passes through the carrier 601 so as to be movable in the axial direction perpendicularly to the carrier 601, and is supported at its lower end. Cylinder 304 provided in parallel
Piston rod 1' 50 of piston 305 fitted in
A shifter 307 is fixed to 6 flA, and a box body 308 is fixed to the upper end. Then, the triple cylinder is moved in the axial direction by the shifter 307 to take out and insert the tool holder T, which will be described later. The middle cylinder 309 of the triple cylinder is the outer cylinder 603
A replacement arm support 310 is fixed to the lower end below the carrier 601, and a gear 311 is fixed to the upper end, and a piston fitted in an air cylinder 312 provided in the box 608. It meshes with a rack carved on the piston rod 614 of 613.
This cylinder mechanism rotates the arm 180°. The exchange arm support 610 has two exchange arms horizontally supported in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the middle cylinder 609 at positions on both sides equidistant from the middle cylinder 609, and each exchange arm cylinder rod 315, 316 Claw holders 317 and 318 are fixed to opposite ends, and a pair of gripping claws 319 are supported at the center.
120 is normally biased in the closed direction by a compression spring 621. A key 622 for positioning the tool holder T is fixed between the gripping claws 619. Cylinder 61
The cylinders 323 and 324 are fixed to the opposite end of the 5° 616, and the V surface of the V cedar plate 629 at the 27° 628 end of the fitted piston 325 and 326 is the gripping claw 619.
When pressurized fluid is sent to cylinders 323 and 324 in contact with roller 630 at the rear end, gripping claws 319 and 320 are released. Furthermore, rank cylinders 331 and 332 having racks carved on their opposing surfaces are fixed to the middle of the cylinder rods 315 and 316.

A pinion 364 is fixed to the lower end of the central shaft 636 of the triple tube, and the racks of the rack tubes 331 and 332 are engaged with each other at positions 180° apart.A gear 665 is fixed to the upper end, and is attached to the box body 308. It engages with a rack carved into a rod 668 of a piston 667 fitted in a cylinder 666, and when pressurized fluid is sent into the front and rear chambers of the cylinder 336, the exchange arm is extended and contracted.

Next, the present invention configured as described above will be explained in detail.
When a tool change command is issued from the NC device according to the workpiece to be machined, both A and B turret tool rests move to Z.
The turrets 10 and 13 are moved to the specified exchange position in the axial direction.
The tool holder mounting surfaces of are lined up along the - line in the X-axis direction. Exchange on the turret turret! ! 1! Cylinder 1 is used to rotate and index the tool holder T to the upper position, which is the talent exchange position.
Pressure fluid is sent to the rear chamber of 01, and the turret 10 is pushed out through the piston body 102 and the rotating shaft 100, and the curvic coupling 110 is disengaged. The motor 112 is rotated to rotate the turret 10 using the pinion 115 and the internal gear 111, and the required tool holder T is determined based on the signal from the tool position detector 109.
0t - Socket 118 indexed in engaged, up position
The lever 124 corresponding to the unclamp cylinder 126
When pressure fluid is sent to the rear chamber of the unclamp cylinder 125, the piston rod 127 pushes the end of the lever 124 and turns it clockwise, so the drawper 121 resists the force of the spring 122. Pushed outward to open the collet 120 and unclamp the tool holder T. In this way, preparations for replacing the turret are completed.

On the other hand, in the magazine 20, the tool holder T to be replaced is indexed to the A position corresponding to the turret tool rest by a command from the NC device. That is, pressurized air is sent to the front chamber of the cylinder 207 to pull out the sprocket wheel index positioning pin 209 from the groove 204& of the index disk 204. The servo motor 211 is driven by this extracted signal, and the gear group 210
, 205, the drive sprocket wheel 203 is rotated and the chain 215 is moved. The detector 213 outputs a signal corresponding to the tool one pitch at a time.
When the specified tool holder T determined by the C device is indexed to the A position, the servo motor 211 is stopped and the cylinder 20
The supply of pressurized air at No. 7 is switched and sent to the rear chamber, and the positioning bottle 209 is fitted into the groove 2041 of the indexing disk 204, and the chain 215 is locked to complete indexing, and the first preparation on the magazine side is completed. end. The tool exchange arm 60 retracts the arm by sending pressurized air into the front chamber of the cylinder '536 at the exchange A position, that is, the position corresponding to the A turret tool post and the hemlock 923 position, by the cylinder 302, and retracts the arm.
4 Sending pressurized air to the rear chamber and gripping claws 519, 320 *
It's open and waiting. NC@@4A outputs the tool change command after receiving the preparation completion signals from the turret turret side, magazine side, and exchange arm side. Pressure fluid is sent to the rear chamber of cylinder '504 to lower outer cylinder 606, thereby making the triple cylinder take up its lower position. Next, the pressurized air is sent to the rear chamber of the cylinder 666 via the gear 665 by the forward movement of the piston rondro 68 with the rack.
Rotate 6'5' ft clockwise to extend the exchange arm holder D and advance the gripping claws 319 and 320 to the positions where they engage with the gripping grooves of the tool holder at the turret (A) and hemlock 923 positions, respectively. Next, pressurized air is sent to the front chambers of the cylinders 323 and 324 at the rear ends of the cylindrical rods 315 and 316, and the rods 327 and 328 are moved back, and the gripping claws 319 and 320 are closed by the force of the compression spring 321 to grip each tool holder T. do. Next, pressurized air is sent to the royal chamber of the cylinder 304 to pull up the triple cylinder and pull out the tool holder T from the socket 118 and the bot 216. Next, pressurized air is sent to the front chamber of the cylinder 612 to move the piston rod 14 with a rack back, and the exchange arm 60 is moved back through the hob gear 611 and the middle cylinder 609.
Turn it around 80 degrees and replace the tools in the turret and magazine.
Next, by sending pressurized air to the rear chamber of the cylinder 604 and pushing down the piston rod 306 to lower the triple cylinder, the shank 117 of the tool holder 1' is fitted into the socket 118 and the hole of the bot 216, and the collet pawl is actuated by the spring force. The awn is gripped by 120°217 so as not to protrude.

Next, the pressure chamber air is sent to the rear chambers of the cylinders 323 and 324, and the rods 327 and 328 are advanced, and the V cedar plate 629 at the tip is moved forward.
Pull the rollers 330 of the gripping claws 319 and 320 and release the claw ft8. Next, pressurized air is sent to the front chamber of the cylinder 666, and the center shaft 666 is rotated counterclockwise to retract the exchange arm 60. Next, pressurized air is sent to the lower chamber of the cylinder 304 to pull up the triple cylinder and return to the standby state.

After one tool is exchanged at position A in this manner, the A turret tool rest 9 and magazine 20 are subsequently indexed and the necessary tool exchange is performed.

Furthermore, the magazine 20 is changed to the 8th position M index by the B tool exchange command, and in the NC, the magazine address is converted to the B position standard, and in the same way, the B turret tool rest 12 and the magazine 20 are respectively specified at the B position. Figure out the tools of
Unclamp the tool holder T on the tool post to prepare for replacement, and at the same time send pressurized air to the upper chamber of the cylinder rotor 02 to advance the piston rod 302a and advance the carrier 601 to the B position. Thereafter, necessary tools are replaced in the same manner, and when all the tools in the B turret tool rest 12 have been replaced, pressure fluid is sent to the royal chamber of the cylinder 602 and the carrier 30
1 Return to the standby position at the t-A position.

As described in detail above, the present invention provides two tool changing positions on the magazine side corresponding to the tool changing positions of the turret tool rests of the two saddles. The magazines are indexed at the B position of the magazine in the tool post, so if there is only one magazine exchange position, at least one tool post must be moved to the exchange position when changing tools. It is not necessary to move the carrier in the X-axis direction for this purpose, but the carrier does not move when replacing each tool post, so it is possible to significantly shorten tool replacement time in the case of two saddles.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is the exact 1Ili diagram 2 of a lathe equipped with a tool changer.
The figure is the same right side figure. Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the main safety part of the structure of each part in cross section. Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the tool exchange position. Turret 20...Magazine 60...Tool exchange arm 60
1...Career patent applicant Okuma Kuwa Co., Ltd. 1H., 2. Agent Patent Attorney Yumi Kato Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a lathe having a two-saddle, two-talent tool post, the A and B turret tool posts, which are positioned at a predetermined tool exchange position in the X-axis direction, have an automatic tool attachment/detachment mechanism, and the A. a tool magazine arranged in parallel with the B turret tool post to store tools and having two positions, one position corresponding to the A turret tool rest and eight positions corresponding to the B turret tool rest, as tool exchange positions; a carrier element which is located between the A and E turret tool rests positioned at the exchange position and the tool magazine and is moved between the A turret tool rest and the B turret tool rest to be positioned at the 1st position and the 8th position; An automatic tool changing arm is provided on the carrier for changing tools between the tool changing position of the A turret tool rest and the 1 position of the magazine, and between the tool changing position of the B turret tool rest and the 8th position of the magazine. An automatic tool changer for a two-saddle turret, which is characterized by: