JPS5815793A - No-load operation control device of compressor - Google Patents
No-load operation control device of compressorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5815793A JPS5815793A JP56113447A JP11344781A JPS5815793A JP S5815793 A JPS5815793 A JP S5815793A JP 56113447 A JP56113447 A JP 56113447A JP 11344781 A JP11344781 A JP 11344781A JP S5815793 A JPS5815793 A JP S5815793A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- surging
- pressure
- valve
- load
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0253—Surge control by throttling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
り、特にサージング発生直前に生じる空気振動を検出し
て無負荷運転にすることにより、サージングの発生を未
然にしかも確実に防止し得るよう(こした圧縮機の無負
荷運転制御装置に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] In particular, by detecting air vibrations that occur immediately before surging and setting the compressor to no-load operation, the occurrence of surging can be reliably prevented. It relates to an operation control device.
サージングの発生を防止する方法として、圧縮機の吸入
側に設けられた吸入弁を閉じると共に、吐出側に圧気を
大気に開放すべく設けられた放風弁を開放して圧縮機を
無負荷運転にする方法が知られている。この方法によれ
ば、圧縮機【こ対する背圧を低下させることから、低圧
気消費量時(こおける圧縮機の動力消費量を可及的に低
減させることができるという利点を有する。One way to prevent surging is to close the suction valve on the suction side of the compressor and open the blow-off valve on the discharge side to release pressurized air to the atmosphere, thereby operating the compressor without load. There are known ways to do this. This method has the advantage that the power consumption of the compressor during low-pressure air consumption can be reduced as much as possible since the back pressure against the compressor is reduced.
ところで、上記無負荷運転は吐出側に接続された負荷機
器の圧気消費量の減少に伴い、吸入側の吸入風量が減少
すると共に吐出側管路内の圧気の圧力が上昇することに
よって、サージングが惹起することから、これを防止す
べ〈実施されるのであり、サージング領域内への突入前
に実施されるのが望ましい。この場合、サージング領域
を予めコンピュータにインプットしておき、無負荷運転
を自動的に行うようにすることも考えられるが、上記サ
ージング領域は吸入弁の開度による吸入圧力の変化によ
って多様に変化することから、吸入圧力ととlこインプ
ットしなければならず、操作が複雑で、コストアップを
余儀なくされる問題がある。By the way, in the above-mentioned no-load operation, as the pressure air consumption of the load equipment connected to the discharge side decreases, the suction air volume on the suction side decreases and the pressure of the pressurized air in the discharge side pipe increases, resulting in surging. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent this from occurring, and it is desirable to prevent this from occurring before entering the surging area. In this case, it may be possible to input the surging area into the computer in advance and automatically perform no-load operation, but the surging area changes variously depending on changes in suction pressure depending on the opening degree of the suction valve. Therefore, it is necessary to input the suction pressure, which complicates the operation and increases costs.
そこで、本発明者は、鋭意研究の結果、上記サージング
領域突入前(こ圧縮機吐出口に空気の微細な振動(プレ
サージ)が発生するという知見を得て、このプレサージ
を検出して無負荷運転にすれば、サージングの発生を極
めて容易に且つ確実に知り、これを未然に防止し得るこ
とを見出し、本発明を完成するに至ったものである。な
お、本発明者は先にサージングの発生直前を吐出流量か
ら検出してサージングの発生を未然に防止できるように
した圧縮機の容量制御方法及び装置(特開昭53−11
3306号)を提案したが、本発明はそれを更に簡単に
したものである。As a result of intensive research, the inventor of the present invention obtained the knowledge that minute vibrations (presurge) of air occurs at the compressor discharge port before entering the above-mentioned surging region, and detected this presurge to enable no-load operation. The present inventors have discovered that the occurrence of surging can be known very easily and reliably and can be prevented from occurring by using the following methods, and have thus completed the present invention. Compressor capacity control method and device capable of preventing the occurrence of surging by detecting the immediately preceding surging from the discharge flow rate (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-11
No. 3306), but the present invention further simplifies it.
本発明は、簡単な構成においてサージングの発生を未然
に防止することができ、もって定圧制御と負荷無負荷制
御とを組合わせた容量制御を容易に実施し得る圧縮機の
無負荷運転制御装置を提供することを目的とする。The present invention provides a no-load operation control device for a compressor that can prevent the occurrence of surging with a simple configuration and that can easily perform capacity control that combines constant pressure control and load-no-load control. The purpose is to provide.
以下に本発明の好適一実施例を添付図面に従つて詳述す
る。A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第1図に示す如く、この圧縮機1の吸入側管路2の入口
には吸入される空気中の塵埃等を除去する吸入フィルタ
3が設けられ、この吸入フィルタ3と圧縮機1との間の
吸入側管路2には圧縮機1への吸気量を調節するための
吸入弁4か設けられている。この吸入弁4には、これを
開閉駆動するための駆動手段として流体圧あるいは電動
モータ等を駆動源とする吸入弁駆動器5が設けられ、こ
の吸入弁駆動器5は後述する圧力調整器6.空気振動検
出手段7または圧力スイッチ8からの作動信号によって
開閉操作されるよう構成されている。As shown in FIG. 1, a suction filter 3 for removing dust, etc. from the air being sucked is provided at the inlet of the suction side pipe line 2 of the compressor 1, and between the suction filter 3 and the compressor 1. A suction valve 4 for adjusting the amount of intake air to the compressor 1 is provided in the suction side conduit 2 . This suction valve 4 is provided with a suction valve driver 5 that uses fluid pressure or an electric motor as a driving source to open and close the suction valve. .. It is configured to be opened and closed by an activation signal from the air vibration detection means 7 or the pressure switch 8.
具体的にいうと、吸入弁駆動器5は圧気調整器6からの
作動信号に応じて吸入弁4を連続的に開閉操作し、この
状態【こおいて空気振動検出手段7からの作動信号を受
けると優先的(こ吸入弁4を全閉にし、この全閉状態に
おいて圧力スイッチ8からの作動信号を受けると吸入弁
4を全開にするように構成されている。Specifically, the suction valve driver 5 continuously opens and closes the suction valve 4 in response to the actuation signal from the air pressure regulator 6, and in this state [here, the actuation signal from the air vibration detection means 7 is detected]. When the pressure switch 8 receives an actuation signal from the pressure switch 8, the suction valve 4 is preferentially fully closed, and when an actuation signal from the pressure switch 8 is received in this fully closed state, the suction valve 4 is fully opened.
一方、圧縮機1の吐出側管路9には、この管路9内の圧
気の圧力を検出すべく圧力調整器61こ導かれた圧力検
出管10が接続されると共番こ、管路9内の圧気を大気
に開放する抜気管11が接続されている。On the other hand, a pressure detection pipe 10 guided through a pressure regulator 61 is connected to the discharge side pipe 9 of the compressor 1 in order to detect the pressure of the air in this pipe 9. An air vent pipe 11 is connected to release the pressurized air inside 9 to the atmosphere.
上記圧力調整器6は、図示しない圧力設定器を備え、こ
の設定器をこよって定められた希望吐出圧POと圧力検
出管10を介して得られた実際の吐出圧Pとをフラッパ
機構等を介して比較し、その偏差を比例、積分等適宜演
算処理した後、これを補正するに要する作動信号を吸入
弁駆動器5ζこ発信するように構成されている。The pressure regulator 6 is equipped with a pressure setting device (not shown), and the desired discharge pressure PO determined by this setting device and the actual discharge pressure P obtained via the pressure detection tube 10 are connected to a flapper mechanism or the like. After the deviation is subjected to appropriate arithmetic processing such as proportional or integral processing, an actuation signal necessary to correct the deviation is transmitted to the suction valve driver 5ζ.
上記抜気管11にはこれを開閉する放風弁12が介設さ
れ、この放風弁12にはこれを空気振動検出手段7また
は圧力スイッチ6からの作動信号によって開閉駆動する
ための駆動手段として上記吸入弁駆動器5と同様の放風
弁駆動器13.が設けられている。この放風弁駆動器1
3は通常放風弁12を閉じた状態に保持しており、空気
振動検出手段7からの作動信号を受けると、放風弁12
を全開にし、この全開状態において圧力スイッチ8から
の作動信号を受けると放風弁12を閉じるように構成さ
れている。The air exhaust pipe 11 is provided with an air discharge valve 12 for opening and closing the air exhaust pipe 11, and the air exhaust valve 12 has a driving means for opening and closing it in response to an operating signal from the air vibration detection means 7 or the pressure switch 6. A discharge valve driver 13 similar to the suction valve driver 5 described above. is provided. This discharge valve driver 1
3 normally holds the blowoff valve 12 in a closed state, and when it receives an activation signal from the air vibration detection means 7, the blowoff valve 12 closes.
is fully opened, and in this fully open state, when an activation signal from the pressure switch 8 is received, the blowoff valve 12 is closed.
ところで、空気振動検出手段7は、圧縮機1のサージン
グ発生直前に生じる空気振動(プレサージ)を検出する
もので、空気振動を拾うセンサ部7aと、このセンサ部
7aからの検出信号によりサージング発生直前にあるこ
とを検出して上記吸入弁駆動器5と放風弁駆動器13と
に作動信号を同時に与える制御部7bとから構成され、
そのセンサ部7aは第2図に示す如く圧縮機1の吐出口
14内に臨ませて設けられている。なお、第2図中、1
5は圧縮機1の吸入口16はインペラである。この検出
手段7は、例えばセンサ部7aに歪ゲージを埋込み、空
気振動で共振するセンサ部7aの共振による歪を電圧変
化として取出し、更にこの電圧変化を空気振動数に比例
したパルスとして取出すようにしたいわゆるパルス検出
センサからなり、プレサージの振動数を予め制御部7b
に記憶しておくことによって、その振動数を検出したな
ら上記吸入弁駆動器5に閉の作動信号をかつ放風弁駆動
器13に開の作動信号をそれぞれ与えるように構成され
ている。By the way, the air vibration detection means 7 detects the air vibration (presurge) that occurs immediately before the occurrence of surging in the compressor 1, and includes a sensor section 7a that picks up air vibrations, and a detection signal from this sensor section 7a to detect the air vibration immediately before the occurrence of surging. a control section 7b that simultaneously detects that the suction valve driver 5 and the discharge valve driver 13 are in the same position and simultaneously provides an operating signal to the suction valve driver 5 and the discharge valve driver 13;
The sensor section 7a is provided facing into the discharge port 14 of the compressor 1, as shown in FIG. In addition, in Figure 2, 1
5, the suction port 16 of the compressor 1 is an impeller. This detection means 7 is configured such that, for example, a strain gauge is embedded in the sensor section 7a, and the strain caused by the resonance of the sensor section 7a that resonates with air vibration is extracted as a voltage change, and this voltage change is further extracted as a pulse proportional to the air frequency. It consists of a so-called pulse detection sensor that controls the presurge frequency in advance by a control unit 7b.
By storing the vibration frequency in the memory, when the frequency is detected, a closing operation signal is given to the suction valve driver 5, and an opening operation signal is given to the discharge valve driver 13.
また、上記抜気管11より後流側の吐出側管路9には逆
止弁17を介してレシーバタンク18が接続され、この
レシーバタンク18の後流側には負荷機器が接続される
。上記レシーバタンク18には内部に蓄積した圧気の圧
力を検出する圧力スイッチ8が設けられ、この圧力スイ
ッチ8はレシーバタンク18内の圧力が設定圧以下にな
った時に圧縮機1を負荷運転にすべく吸気弁駆動器5に
開の作動信号をかつ放風弁駆動器13に閉の作動信号を
それぞれ与えるように構成されている。Further, a receiver tank 18 is connected to the discharge side conduit 9 on the downstream side of the vent pipe 11 via a check valve 17, and a load device is connected to the downstream side of the receiver tank 18. The receiver tank 18 is provided with a pressure switch 8 that detects the pressure of the air accumulated inside, and this pressure switch 8 switches the compressor 1 into load operation when the pressure inside the receiver tank 18 falls below the set pressure. It is configured to give an open actuation signal to the intake valve driver 5 and a close actuation signal to the discharge valve driver 13, respectively.
次に、上記構成を基に、定圧制御プラス負荷無負荷制御
の実施(こついて述べる。Next, based on the above configuration, constant pressure control plus load no-load control will be implemented (we will discuss the details).
今、圧力調整器6を希望突出圧poに設定し、圧力スイ
ッチ8もこれより低圧の設定圧Pn に設定して、定
圧制御運転状態をこあるとする。Tf、にわち、希望突
出圧POを一定(こ保持すべく負荷機器の圧気消費量に
応じて吸気風量Qを自動的に調節する定圧制御がなされ
ている。この場合、第3図の運転制御曲線上のA点とB
点との間で制御が行なわれる。この状態で、負荷機器の
圧気消費量が減少し、これに伴って吸気風量Qが減少す
ることにより定圧制御しきれない範囲に至ると、ついに
はサージング領域に突入するようになる。このサージン
グ領域への突入寸前に、圧縮機1の吐出口14に設けら
れたセンサ部γaを介して制御器7bはプレサージを検
出し、吸入弁駆動器5に吸入弁4を閉じる作動信号を与
えると共lこ放風弁駆動器13(こ放風弁12を開放す
る作動信号を与え、もって吸入弁4が閉じると共に放風
弁12が開放して無負荷運転となる。この場合、第3図
においてB点で無負荷運転となり、吐出圧Pおよび吸気
風量Qは6点まで低減する。この無負荷運転が続く中で
、負荷機器の圧気の消費によりレシーバタンク18内の
圧力が減って設定圧Pn 以下になると、圧力スイッチ
8が働いて吸入弁駆動器5に吸入弁]1
5を開放する作動信号をかつ放風弁駆動器13に放風弁
12を閉じる作動信号が発せられ、圧縮機1は第3図(
こ0点で示す負荷運転に入る。この負荷運転によって吐
出1lllj管路9内の圧力が増加して希望突出圧PO
に達すると、圧縮機1は上述した如き定圧制御運転に移
行する。Now, it is assumed that the pressure regulator 6 is set to the desired ejection pressure po, and the pressure switch 8 is also set to a lower set pressure Pn to enter the constant pressure control operating state. Tf, in other words, constant pressure control is performed to automatically adjust the intake air volume Q according to the pressure air consumption of the load equipment in order to maintain the desired ejection pressure PO at a constant value.In this case, the operation shown in Fig. 3 Point A and B on the control curve
Control is performed between the points. In this state, the pressure air consumption of the load equipment decreases, and the intake air volume Q decreases accordingly, reaching a range where constant pressure control is no longer possible, and eventually entering the surging region. Just before entering this surging region, the controller 7b detects the presurge via the sensor section γa provided at the discharge port 14 of the compressor 1, and gives an actuation signal to the suction valve driver 5 to close the suction valve 4. At the same time, the blow-off valve driver 13 (the blow-off valve driver 13) gives an actuation signal to open the blow-off valve 12, thereby closing the suction valve 4 and opening the blow-off valve 12, resulting in no-load operation. In the figure, no-load operation occurs at point B, and the discharge pressure P and intake air flow Q decrease to point 6.While this no-load operation continues, the pressure inside the receiver tank 18 decreases due to the consumption of pressure air from the load equipment, and the pressure in the receiver tank 18 decreases to the set point. When the pressure falls below Pn, the pressure switch 8 is activated, and an actuation signal is issued to the suction valve driver 5 to open the suction valve [15], and an actuation signal to the discharge valve driver 13 to close the discharge valve 12. Machine 1 is shown in Figure 3 (
The load operation indicated by the 0 point begins. Due to this load operation, the pressure in the discharge 1llllj pipe 9 increases to the desired output pressure PO.
When the pressure is reached, the compressor 1 shifts to the constant pressure control operation as described above.
なお、定圧制御がなされている状態において、負荷機器
の圧気消費量が増大してレシーバタンク18内の圧力が
設定圧Pn 以下になると、圧力スイッチ8が負荷運転
にすべく働くのであるが、この場合、放風弁12は既に
閉じた状態にあるので、吸入弁4のみ全開に開放操作さ
れることになる。Note that in a state where constant pressure control is being performed, if the pressure air consumption of the load equipment increases and the pressure in the receiver tank 18 becomes less than the set pressure Pn, the pressure switch 8 works to switch to load operation. In this case, since the blowoff valve 12 is already in a closed state, only the suction valve 4 is fully opened.
しかして、定圧制御プラス負荷無負荷制御の複合容量制
御が極めて容易にかつ確実に実施されることになる。な
お、空気振動検出手段7のセンサ部7aはマイクロホン
によって構成しても良い。Therefore, the combined capacity control of constant pressure control plus load-no-load control can be carried out extremely easily and reliably. Note that the sensor section 7a of the air vibration detection means 7 may be configured by a microphone.
以上要するに、本発明によれば次のような優れた効果を
発揮する。In summary, the present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.
(1) サージング発生直前に生じる空気振動を検出
することにより、圧縮機を無負荷運転にするようにした
ので、構成が極めて簡単であるにも拘らず、サージング
の発生を未然にかつ確実に防止することができる。(1) By detecting the air vibrations that occur just before surging occurs, the compressor is put into no-load operation, so surging can be effectively prevented from occurring even though the configuration is extremely simple. can do.
(2)無負荷運転に移行させることが極めて容易である
ので、圧力調整器や圧力スイッチ等の付属機器を用いる
ことにより定圧制御と負荷無負荷制御とを組合わせた容
量制御を容易に実施することができる。(2) Since it is extremely easy to shift to no-load operation, capacity control that combines constant pressure control and load-no-load control can be easily implemented by using attached equipment such as pressure regulators and pressure switches. be able to.
(3) また、上記無負荷運転は吸気を完全に遮断す
ると共に吐出圧気を大気へ放出することによってなされ
、圧縮機(こ対する背圧を低下させるので、低圧気消費
量時における圧縮機の動力消費量を可及的に低減させる
ことができる。(3) In addition, the above-mentioned no-load operation is performed by completely shutting off the intake air and releasing the discharge pressure air to the atmosphere. Consumption can be reduced as much as possible.
第1図は本発明の一実施例を示す制御系統図、第2図は
圧縮機に検出手段を設けた状態を示す要部拡大断面図、
第3図は運転制御状況を説明するための吐出圧と吸入風
量との関係を示すグラフである。
図中、1は圧縮機、4は吸入弁、5はその駆動手段、7
は空気振動検出手段、12は放風弁、13はその駆動手
段、14は圧縮機の吐出口である。Fig. 1 is a control system diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of main parts showing a state in which the compressor is provided with a detection means,
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the discharge pressure and the intake air volume to explain the operation control situation. In the figure, 1 is a compressor, 4 is a suction valve, 5 is its driving means, 7
12 is a blowoff valve, 13 is a driving means thereof, and 14 is a discharge port of the compressor.
Claims (1)
を大気に開放する放風弁を設けて、サージング時に吸入
側を閉じると共に吐出側を開放し、無負荷運転制御する
装置において、吐出口にサージング発生直前に生じる空
気振動を検出する検出手段を設け、該検出手段から得ら
れる検出信号tこより吸入弁を閉じ放風弁を開放する駆
動手段を設けたことを特徴とする圧縮機の無負荷運転制
御装置。■ In a device that controls no-load operation by providing a suction valve on the suction side of the compressor and a blowoff valve on the discharge side to release pressurized air to the atmosphere, closing the suction side and opening the discharge side during surging. A compression compressor characterized in that the discharge port is provided with a detection means for detecting air vibrations that occur immediately before surging occurs, and a drive means is provided that closes the suction valve and opens the discharge valve based on the detection signal t obtained from the detection means. Machine no-load operation control device.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP56113447A JPS5815793A (en) | 1981-07-22 | 1981-07-22 | No-load operation control device of compressor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP56113447A JPS5815793A (en) | 1981-07-22 | 1981-07-22 | No-load operation control device of compressor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5815793A true JPS5815793A (en) | 1983-01-29 |
Family
ID=14612456
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP56113447A Pending JPS5815793A (en) | 1981-07-22 | 1981-07-22 | No-load operation control device of compressor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5815793A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03290093A (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1991-12-19 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Surging preventing device for turbo-refrigerator |
JPH0460195A (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1992-02-26 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Turbocompressor |
FR2804999A1 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2001-08-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | DEVICE FOR LIMITING THE RPM OF A TURBOCHARGER |
DE10237416A1 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2004-02-26 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Operating method for turbocharger compressor which monitors frequency characteristic of air flow sensor signal to indicate presence of compressor pumping |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4216222Y1 (en) * | 1965-05-11 | 1967-09-19 | ||
JPS53113306A (en) * | 1977-03-15 | 1978-10-03 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Capacity control method and device for compressor |
JPS5638599A (en) * | 1979-08-22 | 1981-04-13 | Ici Ltd | Method and device for controlling surge in rotatoryypowered fluid compressor |
-
1981
- 1981-07-22 JP JP56113447A patent/JPS5815793A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4216222Y1 (en) * | 1965-05-11 | 1967-09-19 | ||
JPS53113306A (en) * | 1977-03-15 | 1978-10-03 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Capacity control method and device for compressor |
JPS5638599A (en) * | 1979-08-22 | 1981-04-13 | Ici Ltd | Method and device for controlling surge in rotatoryypowered fluid compressor |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03290093A (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1991-12-19 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Surging preventing device for turbo-refrigerator |
JPH0460195A (en) * | 1990-06-29 | 1992-02-26 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Turbocompressor |
FR2804999A1 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2001-08-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | DEVICE FOR LIMITING THE RPM OF A TURBOCHARGER |
DE10237416A1 (en) * | 2002-08-16 | 2004-02-26 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Operating method for turbocharger compressor which monitors frequency characteristic of air flow sensor signal to indicate presence of compressor pumping |
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