JPS58154667A - Anemoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a small-sized anemoscope having durability and quck response which can measure even for the gentle wind without having any moving part, by fitting plural temperature sensing elements to the circumference around an electric heater to heat passing air at equal intervals, and detecting temperature distribution due to the flow of heated air. CONSTITUTION:A wind detecting part 1 consists of an electric heater 10 and four temperature sensing elements. Temperature depending resistors 11-14 are used as the temperature sensing elements. A measuring circuit 2 consists of a heater controlling circuit 3, detecting circuits 4-1, 4-2 and an operation circuit 5. The electric heater 10 is connected to the heater controlling circuit 3. The heater controlling circuit 3 has a function to control the electric heater at a constant temperature. A pair of temperature depending resistors 11, 13 are connected to the detecting circuit 4-1 and a pair of temperature depending resistors 12, 14 are connected to the detecting circuit 4-2. Detecting signals from the detecting circuits 4-1, 4-2 are sent to an operation displaying circuit 5 to calculate and display the wind direction. An arrow X shows the direction of air flow.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a wind vane that electrically detects the direction of wind.

Conventionally, there have been devices that measure wind direction by rotating arrow blades using wind pressure.

Since this has mechanically movable parts, it suffers from friction and abrasion, lacks durability, and has the drawback of being somewhat large in size. Additionally, due to the large mass, the response was slow due to the influence of inertia, and the wind direction could not be measured in light winds.

An object of the present invention is to provide a wind vane that is small and simple, has no moving parts, can measure even light winds, and has excellent responsiveness.

The principle of the present invention is to heat air with an electric heater and utilize the fact that the temperature distribution around the electric heater changes depending on the direction of the wind.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram of a wind vane as an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, l is a wind detection section, and electric heater 1
It consists of 0 and 4 temperature sensing elements. This temperature-sensitive element has a temperature-dependent resistance of 11°Is! , 18.14 is used. 2 is a measurement path, which includes a heater control circuit 8 and a detection circuit 4-1.4-
2. Consists of an arithmetic circuit. The electric heater 1oti is connected to the heater control circuit 8. This heater control circuit 3 has a function of controlling the electric heater to a constant temperature.

The humidity-dependent resistors 11.18 form a pair and are connected to the detection circuit 4-1, and the temperature-dependent resistances 12.14 form a pair and are connected to the detection circuit 4-2.

This detection circuit, for example, 4-1 is a humidity dependent resistance 11.18
It has the function of extracting the temperature difference between the two as a voltage, dividing the temperature difference range into eight, and outputting it as a digital signal. The detection signals from the detection circuits 4-1 and 4-2 are sent to the calculation and display circuit 5, where the direction of the wind is calculated and displayed.

Note that the arrow X indicates the direction of air flow.

Hereinafter, the wind detection section 1, heater control circuit 8, detection circuit 4-1, 4-2, and calculation display It circuit shown in FIG. 1 will be explained in detail.

Figures 2 and 8 respectively show the wind detection section l of Figure 1.
Top perspective view and normal view. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a temperature-dependent resistance 11.1! is placed on the circumference around the electric heater 10! .

Ml, 14 is located, temperature dependent resistance 11° 134
1 The temperature-dependent resistances 12.14 are also located symmetrically with respect to the electric heater 1O, and the straight line connecting each temperature-dependent resistance 11.18 and the temperature-dependent resistance Ig, 14 are arranged so that the straight lines connecting them intersect at right angles at the position of the electric heater. electric heater lO
The temperature-dependent resistors 11, 12, 13, and 14 have a structure in which platinum resistance wires are stretched between the upper plate 15 and the lower plate 16. Pillar 17
supports the upper plate 15 and lower plate 16 with four pieces.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the heater control circuit 80 of FIG. In FIG. 4, resistance 凰1, 凰2. A bridge circuit is formed between the breather 8 and the electric heater lO. The resistance iL of this bridge circuit
The connection point a between l and the electric heater 10 is an operational amplifier or1o
The connection point between resistor Rg and iL3 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier OPI. The output of the operational amplifier OPI is connected through a resistor (Nl'N) to the pace of the amplifier TIILI. Power is supplied to the bridge circuit through transistor TRI.

114 Explaining the one-way operation in Figure 114) Let the emitter voltage of the fungistor TiL1 be V, the inverting input terminal voltage V+ and the non-inverting input terminal voltage V of the Sult operational amplifier OFI.
- is (assuming the resistance value of the electric heater lO to be '4cK10) If a temperature-dependent resistance such as a platinum resistor ml is used as the electric heater lO, its resistance value RIO is assumed to be the temperature T. ILL Q=iLl 0(0) (1 -1te) ・
......(3). In this circuit, the emitter current of TILl is controlled so that the inverting input terminal voltage V- of the Or amplifier OFl and the non-inverting input terminal voltage ¥0 are approximately equal, so the following equation holds true.

RI ORB −πm iLg+]ls ”””−” (transfer) When electric current flows through the electric heater lO, the temperature rises and the resistance value increases, so the following equation (from equation 4) holds ml o =
-! ! l, R1---,, -, (BIL!! That is, if the resistances R1, Rg, and lL3 are set to constant values, the electric heater lO has a constant temperature. Therefore, jL71
When M is large, the current flowing through the electric heater 10 is large, and when the reverse KjL speed is small, the current is small.The current flowing through the electric heater 10 is adjusted according to the wind speed, and the humidity f of the electric heater 10 is kept at a nearly constant value. This will be automatic control.

5g is a circuit diagram of the detection circuits 4-1 and 4-2 and the calculation display circuit 50 of FIG. 1. In Fig. 5, the detection circuit 4
-1 is a constant voltage source VIO to apply a constant voltage to the temperature dependent resistor 11.18 and dividing resistors R11, R12, R1
8, and comparators CPII and CF1g. The detection circuit 4-2 also has the same configuration as the detection circuit 4-1. In the calculation display circuit 5, 51.5! ! are the OR gates, and the inputs are E, F and 0, respectively. D to II
I! It is continued. Also 58.54.55,56°57
．． 5g and 59.60 are anime games), respectively or games) output of 61 and 0. C and Σ, E and or gate 52
output, E, output of OR gate 51, D and F,
F and the output of the OR gate 6z, F and CK:JI are connected. B l -B @ is a buffer, L)lND'8 is a light emitting diode, and a current control resistor of the light emitting diode manufactured by Moto48 Co., Ltd.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the detection circuit 4-1, 4-2 and the arithmetic display circuit 5 of FIG. 5, Inc.; FIG.

In Figure 6, #1! This figure shows the relationship between the four temperature-dependent resistances 11, 11, 18, and 14 of the wind detection unit 10 of J and the wind direction angle 1. Electric heater 10 is heated and temperature dependent resistance 11.12.1B.

14 is heated and subjected to the influence of air, causing a change in resistance. Due to this resistance change, the temperature dependent resistance of the detection circuit 4-1 in FIG. 5 changes depending on the angle α with the wind direction as shown in FIG. Also detected [BJ
The voltage on B of path 4-2 is also 906 out of phase. Here, in the detection circuit 4-1, the voltages Vll and V1g are the sixth
If the resistors R11, Rlg, and R13 are connected so that the value indicated by MK is reached, the output voltages 0 and D of the comparators CPII and C1'1g become as shown in Figure 6, No. 5. Similarly, the detection part w? In 4-2, the outputs Σ and F are also changed.

This 0. The signals D, E, and F are converted into the signals G and N shown in FIG. 6 by the OR gates 51, 52, and AND gates b8 to b60 of the arithmetic and display circuit 5. Each! 6 diagrams (j, M, I, J, L.

The M and N signals are 180' and 226°+ in the wind direction a.
270°, 815°, 0°, 45°, 90°, 185°
The signal corresponds to Therefore, buffer n1. According to ng, the light emitting diode 1) l-I) 8 has a wind direction angle of 41
= 180°, 225°, 270', 815°l
O°, 45”.

90°, 8860 lights up. This allows the wind direction to be displayed in eight directions. If the angle is between these angles, it will be displayed as the closer angle.

In the Yuryo example above, a platinum humidity-dependent resistor was used as the temperature-sensitive element, but other temperature-dependent resistors or thermistors may be used, or the temperature dependence of the forward voltage drop of a diode may be used. good.

As shown in Figure 7, the temperature-dependent resistance of platinum as a temperature-sensitive element! I is wound into an 8N thin air-core coil and stretched between the upper plate 16 and the lower plate 16. This prevents the temperature-dependent resistor from sagging and increases its strength. Further, in this embodiment, four temperature-sensitive elements were used to detect wind directions in eight directions, but it is possible to increase the number of elements to easily detect wind directions in eight or more directions.

Next, a case where a turbulence plate is provided in the wind detection sl of FIG. 1 will be described. Fig. 9 is a top perspective view, No. 101i
1 shows a front view. Temperature-dependent resistor 11, which is a humidity sensing element.
Ig, 18.14 is stretched using a platinum wire in a structure similar to that shown in Fig. 1112 and Fig. 8. This temperature dependent resistance 11.11
A turbulence plate 20t is provided at a point equidistant from , and a temperature-dependent resistance 1! , 18. A turbulence plate 21 is provided at a point an island distance from , 18. A uniform turbulence plate 22,28 is provided. The turbulence plate is the upper plate 15
, also has the function of supporting the lower plate 16.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram when this wind detection section is used. If the angle of the wind direction is α, then the detection circuit 4-1 in Fig. 5
17) Voltage at A and detection circuit 4-T-2 in 1s4 diagram
The voltage at B becomes as shown in FIG. 11 depending on α. If there is a turbulence plate, Q = 45@, 185°, 2
The voltage change at 25°, 8150, is larger than without the turbulence plate. For this reason, the 5th vlJ no.
Vl 2 , vg l , Vj! 2 (D14 adjustment f
It is easier than i. This makes it easier to detect wind directions that are multiples of the number of temperature sensing elements.

According to Zero-Hatsu@, the electric heat that heats the passing air tJIg and the flow of air heated by the electric heater by providing multiple moisture-sensing elements at equal intervals on the circumference around this electric heater By detecting temperature distribution, it is small and
Since it has no moving parts, is durable, and detects only the flow of heat, it can also measure Ig wind, making it possible to provide a wind vane with high responsiveness.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

w, 1btJ are block diagrams of a wind vane as an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are top perspective views and front views of the detection unit l in FIG. 1, and FIG. heater control g
The iI 80 circuit diagram, FIG. 5, is the detection circuit 4-1 of FIG.
．． 4-2 and a circuit diagram of the calculation display circuit, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the detection circuit 4-1.4-2 and the calculation display circuit. A top perspective view and a front view of another embodiment of the detection unit l shown in FIG.
91i4 and 10 are a top perspective view and a front view of the second embodiment of the detection unit l of FIG. 1, and FIG. 11 is a FIG. 9. Detection unit W & 4 when using detection unit l shown in Figure 1O
Explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of -1.4-2. l...detection section, 2...measuring circuit, 3...heater control circuit, 4-1.4-2...detection circuit, b...calculation display circuit, IO...electric heater, 11, 12, 11.
14...Temperature dependent resistance, 20, 21, 22.28...
・Turbulent flow plate is shown respectively. Representative patent attorney Oka s.a.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) An electric heater that heats the air surrounding the electric heater, a plurality of temperature sensing elements arranged at equal intervals on a circumference around the electric heater, and a support that supports the electric heater and the temperature sensing elements. A wind vane comprising: a wind vane; and a measuring circuit that controls heat generation of the electric heater and measures wind direction using an output signal of a temperature sensing element. (2) The temperature-sensing elements are all composed of temperature-sensing elements of the same configuration, and the measuring circuit is composed of at least two pairs of two temperature-sensing elements facing each other with the electric heater at the center K, Using the magnitude relationship between the temperatures of the two temperature sensing elements of the element pair,
The wind vane according to claim 1, characterized in that it measures wind direction. (3) The temperature-sensitive element uses a temperature-dependent resistance wire, and
) A turbulent flow plate is provided to disturb the flow between two adjacent temperature sensing elements.
A wind vane described in any of Jlji.