JPS58153090A - Fluidized bed type heat exchanger with drain pipe assisted by airflow - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fluidized bed heat exchanger, and more particularly to a heat exchanger in which heat is generated by burning granular fuel within a fully fluidized bed.

The use of fluidized beds has long been recognized as an effective method of generating total heat. In normal fluidized bed equipment,
For example, a perforated plate or grino 1 supporting an article W- containing a mixture of a fuel, such as high sulfur historical coal, and an absorbent material for absorbing the sulfur released by the combustion of the coal. 3, the air is blown up through the bed, causing the bed to flow like a boiling liquid, promoting the combustion of the fuel. The basic advantages of this configuration are high heat transfer coefficients, nearly uniform bed temperature, relatively low combustion temperatures, easy coal handling,
These include less boiler corrosion and soot generation, and the ability to reduce the size of the boiler.

In the fluidized bed combustion process, coal and absorbent material are continuously introduced into the bed by means of suitable feeders or injection devices, and the spent coal and absorbent material are transferred from the lower part of the bed to a conventional cadmium. Fully bend the tube and discharge. One end of the drain pipe is aligned with a discharge opening formed in the perforated plate of the tray, and the other end is connected to the screw cooler 1, conveyor belt, etc. However, if the particle size of the coal is concentrated in a relatively large range, the large particles of coal will migrate to the upper area of the drain pipe, creating a viscous area of coal that is difficult, if not impossible, to fluidize. easy. As a result, large particles of coal are not drained, which significantly reduces the operating efficiency of the drain pipe 'Ir: casing bed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fluidized bed heat exchanger in which sufficient drainage of spent bed material is achieved even when all materials with a wide particle size range are used.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a system for distributing air across the drain pipe population to fluidize the bed material in the immediate area of the drain pipe inlet to ensure continuous drainage of the spent bed material. An object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed heat exchanger equipped with a nozzle.

Briefly, the heat exchanger of the present invention includes a means for blowing air through a number of holes in the perforated plate to mobilize the particulate matter supported by the perforated plate, and a means for blowing air through a number of holes in the perforated plate to mobilize the particulate matter supported by the perforated plate, and to discharge all spent particulate matter. It has a drain pipe connected to a perforated plate for this purpose, and air is blown out over the Vc run pipe to facilitate the flow of used material into the drain pipe.

The diagonal top and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, 6 is an enclosure that constitutes the main part of a fluidized bed heat exchanger such as a boiler, a combustor, or a chemical process reactor. The enclosure 6 consists of a front wall 8, a rear wall 10, and both side walls 12 (only one of which is shown).

The can wall is formed in a conventional manner by connecting a plurality of parallel vertical tubes 14 (r) and a plurality of fins 16 that protrude over the entire length opposite to each other on both sides. 1.

The upper part of the enclosure 6, which is not shown for convenience, is a conventional structure consisting of a convection section, a roof and an outlet for discharging the combustion product gases.

The particulate material bed 18 is located in the enclosure or combustor or boiler 6.
It is loaded in a circle and supported by perforated plates 20 extending horizontally in the lower part of the H boiler. Bed 18 is comprised of a mixture of fuel particles, such as charcoal, and an absorbent material, such as limestone, for absorbing the sulfur released by combustion of the fuel.

An air-filled chamber 22 is provided on the lower side of the perforated plate 20, and an air inlet pipe 24 is provided to supply air to the air-filled chamber from an external supply source (not shown). 26 to control the air flow. Valve 26 is of conventional construction and will not be described in detail here. A floor ignition gunner 28 is provided for igniting the floor 18 when starting the device.
It is installed through the front wall 8 just above the perforated plate 20.

Three words - Parhead feeder 30.32.34 is 1+1
11 and is installed by penetrating the wall 32. Fuel supply device 30
．． 32 and 34 are designed to receive granular coal from an introduction duct, etc., and supply it to the soil surface of the floor 18.
jJF outlet type, spreader supply pipe '1.
or any similar device. 3. The same feeders as 30.32.34 are attached to the front wall 8 and the back wall 10.
And any one of the other 91+1 walls 12! It can also be installed on walls. A similar feeder may also be provided for discharging absorbent material onto the bed 18.

Air distribution pipes 36 are inserted through a plurality of holes drilled in the perforated plate 20 at intervals. Distributor 36
is in the form of a vertical tube fixed to the plate 20 in a conventional manner, for example by pole I-4 or by welding. Distributors 36 extend a predetermined length upwardly from plate 20 into particulate material bed 18 and have their lower ends receiving air from plenum chamber 22. The air passes through the distributor 36 and exits the plate 20 at a predetermined height into the fluidized bed.

As a result, an inactive layer of particulate material is created between the top surface of plate 20 and distribution tube 36 for purposes described below.

A pair of horizontal headers 40 are connected to the space 14 comprising the front wall 8 and the rear wall 10, and another pair of horizontal headers 42
are connected to tubes 14 forming both side walls 12. Headers equivalent to headers 40.42 are walls 8.10. ．． It is also connected to the upper end of 12.

Thus, the tubes of the fluid to be heated with full walls 8.1 O1 12 can be passed outside the city, twisted or in parallel, in order to absorb the heat from the fluidized bed in a conventional manner.

A drain pipe 44 for discharging used floor material extends through the air-filled chamber 22 and includes an inlet portion 44 thereof.
The large-diameter opening drilled in the ai perforated plate 20 is completely penetrated and then slightly protruded upward. A support ring 46 is fitted into this large diameter opening and fixed by welding or the like. ring 4
6 is an annular support member 48 that protrudes into the air-filled chamber 22.
It is coupled to the drain pipe 44 by Vc. The lower portion VC of the drain pipe 44 is provided with a flow control valve 49 which operates in a conventional manner to selectively control the discharge of material from the pipe 44 as described below.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, there are five air jets spaced around the upper end portion of the drain pipe 44.
to be placed. Each nozzle extends through an opening in the perforated plate 20 and is secured to the plate 20 by a bolt/nut assembly 52.
0, and the upper end portion of the nozzle is bent approximately 90 degrees to form a horizontal extension portion 50b'i extending over the upper end portion of the drain pipe 44, that is, the inlet portion 44a. As shown in Figure 2, the horizontal extension 50b of the nozzle 50 extends generally toward the axis of the drain tube 44, but is slightly offset from the radial direction of the drain tube.

The nozzle 50 has a lower end portion 50a'? r: All the air is received from the air-filled chamber 22, covers the upper end of the drain pipe 44, and is ejected approximately toward the center axis of the drain pipe in turns (as shown by broken lines in FIG. 2).

In operation, the valve 26 on the air inlet tube 24 is opened and air flows through the plenum 22 into the distributor 36 and the artificial end of the nozzle 50. Is the air distributed through the distributor 36? Il-
The air flows through the outlet end and ejects into the floor 18 in a plane above the plane of the perforated plate 2o.

Thus, the part of the particulate material in the bed 18 that is directly above the outlet end of the distributor 36 is fluidized, whereas the part of the particulate material that is between the outlet end of the distributor and the soil surface of the perforated plate 20 is not. 3 remains active or stagnant, then the ignition burner 28 is ignited to heat the bed to a predetermined level, and once the predetermined temperature level has been reached, the feeder 30.32. A full supply of granular fuel is supplied from 34 and absorbent material is supplied as needed to the top of bed 18 from another supply (not shown).

Once the bed 18 has been fluidized and has reached a predetermined temperature 11, the ignition burner 28 is turned off and the feeder 30.32.34 is turned off.
Continue to use granular fuel at a predetermined rate? Supply to the top of the floor. The inactive layer of particulate material between the top surface of the perforated plate 20 and the outlet end of the distributor 36 serves as thermal insulation for the perforated plate 20.

The air ejected from the nozzle 50 across the upper end of the drain pipe 44 is distributed around the drain pipe! 1lVc Mobilizes bed material that is about to accumulate, prevents large particulate matter from clogging the drain pipe inlet, and prevents spent fuel and absorbent material, primarily in the form of ash, from flowing into the drain pipe 44. The used materials are discharged through the drain pipe 44 through the drain pipe 44 through its outlet end portion 44b to a screw cooler or a conveyor belt under the control of the valve 49.

Meanwhile, the fluid to be heated (usually water) is passed to the header 1-40.42 and from there in parallel or series flow through 14 tubes in the can wall 8.10.12, between which the fluidized bed is It absorbs heat and sends it to external processing equipment.

According to the above-described configuration of the present invention, even if relatively large particles of fuel are present, the end portion 44a of the drain pipe 440
Since the area immediately above the reed and perforated plate 20 is maintained in a fluid state, large particles do not clog the drain pipe inlet.
The particulate matter in the area between and the top of the distributor 36 is kept inactive and thus serves to insulate it from the relatively high temperatures within the perforated plate bed 18.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope and scope of the present invention. For example, the number and arrangement of nozzles 50 can be varied as desired.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the fluidized bed combustor of the present invention, Figure 2 is a partially enlarged plan view of the combustor in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a cross section taken along line 3--3 in Figure 2. It is a diagram. In the figure, 6 is an enclosure, 18 is a granular material bed, 20 is a perforated plate,
22 is the air-filled chamber, 30.32.34 is the patent applicant.
Foscou-Wheeler-Ennernoy Procedural Amendment (
Method) July 12, 1980 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office Kazuo Wakasugi 1 Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 32480 2 Title of the invention Drain pipe assisted by air flow Relationship to the case Patent applicant address Name: Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation 6 Number of inventions increased by the amendment (C engraving, no change in content) Contents of the amendment 421- as attached

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) a perforated plate adapted to support granular material;
means for completely introducing air through the plurality of holes of the perforated plate in order to completely fluidize the particulate material; supply means for supplying all the particulate material to the bed; a drain pipe communicating with the bed for discharging from the floor; and an air jet for blowing out all the air over the inlet of the drain pipe to facilitate the flow of used particulate matter into the drain pipe. A low-flow heat exchanger with all means and features.