JPS58152319A - Electrode for vacuum interrupter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electrode for a vacuum interrogator, 7F,! In order to improve the mechanical strength, etc. of the vacuum interrogator, the electrical strength of the vacuum interrogator was improved.

In general, a pair of space interlockers, which are provided in a vacuum vessel so as to be freely attached to each other, are generally disk-shaped and made of t&jl or a copper alloy.

Therefore, the mechanical strength of the material itself is low (V), and the electrodes cannot be driven by arc or magnetic e.
1dr L, the so-called magnetic drive type is designed to improve the breaking performance, and the axial magnetic field parallel to this is applied to the arc to prevent damage and to completely disperse the arc to improve the breaking performance. In all of the so-called vertical magnetic field types, mechanical strength is further deteriorated due to brazing with electrode rods, etc., or annealing due to degassing treatment1, especially vertical 41? ? In the electrodes of a field-shaped vacuum interrogator, radial interlocking is used to completely prevent eddying and currents that occur in the electrodes due to interlinkage of axial magnetic fields, which degrades the blocking performance. j1! Since measures such as providing several slits are provided, there are problems such as further reduction in mechanical strength.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the object thereof is to provide a resistor portion made of ceramics formed in a circular willow shape so as to penetrate the resistor portion in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface. And the copper fC is about 0.1 to 0 at a distance from each other.
．． To provide an 'It' pole of a vacuum interrogator which can enhance mechanical strength, whistle capacity, etc. by composing an electrode by fully burying a plurality of conductive poles made of copper containing 6% of chrome. It is in. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a vacuum interrupter equipped with electrodes according to the present invention. A single layer of sealing metal fittings 2, 2 fixed to both ends of the glass 1 are connected in series to form a single insulating cylinder, and the open end is connected to the other sealing metal fittings 2, 2 to form a circle made entirely of metal. Airtightly closed by plate-shaped end plates 3, 3,
Then, the internal sound level is evacuated to a vacuum to form a vacuum container 4, and in this vacuum container 4, a pair of electrodes 5, which will be described later, is connected and separated by 5 degrees from the center of each end plate 8. The electrode rods 6, 6 are configured to maintain the airtightness of the vacuum valley device 4 and are introduced so as to be able to approach and separate from each other.

In Fig. 1, 7 is a bellows which is movably introduced into the movable side (lower part in the figure) electrode rod 6 to the vacuum valley device 4 while maintaining its airtightness, and 8 is an electrode 5, etc. in a purple-converted shape. This is a shield that surrounds the shield, and its intermediate portion is supported by a ring-disk shaped support fitting 9 which is sandwiched between one layer of sealing fittings 2, 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, which are examples of the magnetically driven electrode 5, the electrode 5 is formed into a substantially disk shape with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the electrode rod 6. A shunt conductor 10 having the same diameter and formed in the shape of a thin disk is interposed between the electrodes 4f.
A button-shaped contact 11 is self-effectively joined to the inner end of the button 16, and has a ring-shaped protrusion or recess 11a in the center of the contact portion (upward in FIG. 2). ing.

Note that the shunt conductor 10 has an electrode 5 formed with complete anisotropy in electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability, as described later.
This is for energizing by allowing the entire current flowing from the electrode rod 6 to flow, and is not limited to a disk shape.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a circular center s10a that is the joint with the electrode rod 6, a plurality of arm portions 10b extending radially outward from equally divided positions on the outer periphery of the center portion 10a, The radius of the electrode 5 is the same as the radius of curvature from the end of each arm part 10b. It may have a plurality of pedal parts extending in a spiral shape,
Next, the contactor 11 is not necessarily necessary,
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, four circular portions 5a' may be provided at the center of the contact surface of the electrode 5, and the energizing current may be passed in a U-shape to obtain magnetic drive.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the electrode 5 consists of a resistance section 120 made of ceramics such as alumina, mullite, zircon, steatite, etc., formed into a disk shape, and its plate surface. Vertical direction (vertical direction in Figure 2)
A plurality of through holes 18' spaced apart from each other and passing through the stomach are provided, and a coating 14 of chromium oxide such as chromium oxide (Cr203) with a thickness of about 0.1 μ or more is completely formed on the inner circumferential surface of each through hole 18. The chromium oxide coating 5 is then completely formed, and each through hole is filled by infiltration as will be described later, thereby forming a plurality of holes in the entire portion 15.

Note that the area occupancy rate of the resistor section 12 is determined by the current flow equivalent amount and mechanical strength.
It is provided so that it becomes 10 to 9 () inches in the A5 cut surface.

In order to manufacture the entire electrode 5 having the above configuration, first, a metal with a length similar to the desired electrode thickness, an inner diameter of 0.1 mm or more, and an outer diameter of 0.3 mm or more is made of alumina, mullite, etc. A plurality of circular pipes made of ceramic are tied together into a disc shape using an appropriate binding member (for example, a temporary band). Next, chromium is deposited on the entire surface of the bundled pipes (inner and outer peripheral surfaces of each pipe) to a thickness of 1100A' or more, or 11.1μ of chromium is deposited on the entire surface of the bundled pipes (inner and outer peripheral surfaces of each pipe).
Plate to a film thickness of 1O-s or more, and then
Oxidation treatment is performed by continuously heating at a temperature of 100°C or more for 10 minutes or more in an air atmosphere of Torr or more, resulting in a chromium oxide coating. Form on the entire surface of the tied pipe. Then, the entire bundle of nine disk-shaped pipes was coated with chromium oxide, the hollow part of each pipe was placed vertically, and the entire copper block was placed on the upper end, and a short cylindrical shape made of ceramic was formed. Place it in a vacuum atmosphere (vacuum furnace) below 10"-' TOrr or in a gas atmosphere such as helium, hydrogen, etc. that does not cause oxidation.Finally, place the steel block in a disc-shaped container with the entire steel block placed on it. Pipe Togane Copper is heated to a temperature above the melting point of the steel in a constant volume atmosphere, i.e. 1083°C or higher, to form through-holes (through-holes) in the hollow parts of each pipe and between adjacent pipes. ), and by slowly cooling a bundle of disc-shaped pipes completely infiltrated with steel in the same atmosphere, the desired electrode 5 is completed.

In addition, in the above-mentioned method of manufacturing a pipe, a case is described in which a film of chromium oxide is formed on the entire surface of the Hiramix pipe after it is bundled into a disk shape.
Not limited to this, the skin is formed by forming a chromium oxide coating on the entire surface (inner and outer circumferential surfaces) of Tani Ceramics pipes in advance, and then binding the pipes into a disc shape. It may be done as follows.

Of course, in order to form the entire chromium oxide film 14, it is not limited to the fC case mentioned above, but for example, chromium oxide ( Cr, 03) k Vapor-deposited to a film thickness of 100A' or more, or made into a paste using an appropriate solvent. :, -1,0(l mesh of chromium oxide powder) A chromium oxide film may be formed by coating the film with a film thickness of 1 to 1 μm or more.

Additionally, the pipe made of ceramics is not limited to a circular shape, but may be polygonal, such as a triangle, quadrangle, or hexagon, or oval.

In addition, in order to completely form the almost disk-shaped resistor section 12 made of ceramic having a plurality of through holes that penetrate in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface and are spaced apart from each other, pipes connected to each other are tied together. The present invention is not limited to this case, and for example, a plurality of four-hole holes may be provided in a circular plate made of ceramics, perpendicular to the curve of the plate and spaced apart by 1111 f.

Here, the state of the joint between the resistive part 12 and the current-carrying part 15 in the electrode fabricated by the method described above is as follows.
A plurality of alumina ceramic pipes are bundled together, and a chromium film of approximately 1μ is formed on the entire surface by vacuum deposition, and the
After forming a film of chromium oxide by heating at a temperature of 00°C for 1 minute, a film of 10''~10-
Figures 6, 7, and 7 show the case of ``tonal infiltration at a temperature of 1083°C or higher in a vacuum atmosphere of Torr, and slow cooling in the same atmosphere''.

i4'i Enlarged views shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10 (
grain boundary diagram). In other words, Figure 6 is a secondary electron image taken with an X-ray microanalyzer. The black part on the right is alumina ceramics, the slightly white part on the left is copper, and the wave-shaped part that lies between the two is chromium oxidation. -It is a thing. Moreover, FIG. 7 is a characteristic X-ray image taken by an X-ray microanalyzer showing the dispersed state of chromium, and the white part in the center is chromium. Furthermore, FIG. 8 is a characteristic X-ray image obtained by an X-ray microanalyzer that shows the entire state of oxygen dispersion, and the white dots on the right are oxygen. ′! In addition, FIGS. 9 and 10 are characteristic xH images taken by an X-ray microanalyzer that similarly show the dispersion of aluminum and copper.
The white part on the right in Fig. 9 is aluminum,
The white part on the left side of the diagram is the enemy.

Therefore, in the electrode 5 manufactured by the method described above, the bonding strength between the resistive portion 12 and the current-carrying portion 15, tg', or in other words, the bonding strength between copper and ceramics is 5 kli'/
mrn” or more.

The chromium film formed on the entire surface of an individual bi-two or a bundle of pipes made of ceramics can be formed to a uniform thickness at a minimum of 100A' by vapor deposition, and the bonding with copper is also uniform and the chromium film is not diffused. Experiments have confirmed that the desired bonding strength can be obtained (both in ceramics and steel), and that in the case of plating, a uniform diffusion layer cannot be obtained unless the film thickness is at least 0.1μ. .

Even when applying 1,100 mesh chromium oxide powder that has been frozen and made into a paste form with an appropriate solvent to form a complete chromium oxide film, it is necessary to apply the film to a thickness of 0.1μ or more or the desired result will not be achieved. It was also confirmed experimentally that the bond strength could not be obtained.

Furthermore, chromium coating (/, rfli treatment conditions are film)
q, but under the above-mentioned conditions (1,0'-' Torr, 100°C, 1
0 minutes) Bonki low necessity (, required. This is because chromium has a large sum of ¥11.0 with acidic acid, so it easily turns into chromium oxide with a trace amount of oxygen in the air.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the electrode according to the present invention, in which the electrodes 5 of the first embodiment described above are passed through in a direction perpendicular to their contact surfaces and are properly connected to each other. A plurality of spaced apart through holes 13? It consists of a disc-shaped resistance part 12 made of high-quality ceramics, and a plurality of current-carrying parts 15 formed by infiltrating and filling the through holes 13 of these parts, and the bonding between the part and the ceramic. Strength? In contrast, Mffi ceramics containing a total of 1% to 0.6% chromium by weight (approximately 1) and 1% to 0.6wt. Each through-hole 13 of the disc-shaped resistor section 12 is filled with barley to form a plurality of current-carrying sections 15a.

2. Is the above-mentioned example of leprosy an electric mute? To manufacture, as in the above-mentioned fabrication process, 1) a plurality of short pipes made of alumina 4.7) ceramics; Bind into a roughly disc shape using the binding member's sound.

Next, a bundle of disk-shaped pipes? , the hollow part of each pipe is in the vertical direction, and the upper end has a diameter of about 0.1 to α6.
Place all the copper blocks containing all the chromium in the heavy bath.
10' through a short circular container made of ceramics, etc.
The vacuum atmosphere (vacuum furnace) below TOrr is placed in a gas atmosphere such as helium, hydrogen, etc. that does not oxidize the copper. Finally, these pipes are heated in the above-mentioned atmosphere to a temperature above the melting point of the copper, and the copper pipes containing about 0.1 to 0.6% by weight of chromium are heated in the hollow parts of each pipe and in the gaps between adjacent pipes. The desired electrode is completed by infiltration and slow cooling in the same atmosphere.

However, in the above-described manufacturing method, a case has been described in which a plurality of circular ceramic pipes are bundled into a disc shape to form the resistance part 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is similar to that of the first embodiment. The entire resistance part is formed by binding polygonal ceramics in a vise, or by using a ceramic disc having multiple through holes that penetrate perpendicularly to the plate surface and are spaced apart from each other. Of course it's okay.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the case where the electrode of the g1i air-driven type vacuum interrupter is used is described, but it is not limited to this, and the axial magnetic field sound can be generated. It can be an electric VIL5 of a vertical magnetic field type vacuum interrupter combined with the coil body 16.

That is, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. A plurality of arm portions 16b extending radially outward from the position shown in FIG. The coil body 16 is made up of a connecting pin part 16d extending in the axial direction (in the vertical direction in FIG. 12) to connect the ends of each arcuate part 16c and a shunt conductor 10 to be described later. They are connected in series through the central portion 1fJak. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 14, the coil body 14 includes a circular center portion 10a and a plurality of arm portions 10b extending radially outward from equally divided positions on the outer periphery of the center portion 10a. , the radius of the electrode 5 from the end of each arm portion 10b in the same circumferential direction opposite to the arc portion 16c of the coil body 16. The electrode δ, which has a shunt conductor 10 formed of a circular arc portion 10C curved in an arc shape as a radius of curvature, is connected to the contact back surface (lower surface in FIG. 12) of the shunt conductor 1.
A disk-shaped insulating spacer 17 made of a high-resistance metal such as stainless steel or an insulating material such as ceramics is interposed between the central portion 10ak of the coil body 16 and the central portion 16a of the coil body 16. At the same time, the connection bin part LED of the coil body 16 and the shunt conductor ] 0 arc @ 10
It is installed fully connected to c.

Note that the electrode 5 and coil body 16 of the vertical magnetic field type vacuum intercalator are not limited to those described above; for example, as shown in FIG. Also, the shunt conductor 10 has a disk shape '1' like that of the magnetically driven vacuum ink jetter mentioned above. fC
has a spiral pedal, and further includes one or more first arm parts lee extending radially outward from the inner end outer periphery of the coil body 16 and the electrode shaft 6, and a first arm part 16θ. A circular arc 916Q that curves in an arc shape from the end as the middle diameter of the entire radius of the electrode 5, and a second arm 516f that extends radially inward from the end of the circular arc portion 16c.
It may also consist of a disc-shaped connection spacer 18 joined to the end of the second arm 18f.

Further, the electrodes 5 of each of the above-mentioned embodiments are connected in series to form a single insulating cylinder, and are airtightly joined by a double-opening tuning metal end plate 8 of the insulating cylinder. We have described the case where it is used in a magnetically driven type and a vertical magnetic field type vacuum ink lugme in which the internal part is evacuated to a high vacuum and the entire vacuum container 4 is formed. For example, both open ends of a single insulating tube made of glass or ceramics? Either directly or with a sealing metal piece such as Kovar and airtightly closed with a metal end plate to create a vacuum container, or the opening of a metal cylinder can be airtightly closed with an end plate made of an insulating material such as tuning ceramics. Electrode of a magnetic drive type or vertical magnetic field type vacuum interrupter, which is made into a vacuum container, or is made into a vacuum container by airtightly closing the open end of a bottomed cylindrical body made of metal with a fully insulated end plate. Of course, it is fine as .

As described above, the present invention provides an electrode for a vacuum interrupter that is provided in a vacuum container so as to be freely accessible and detachable through a pair of electrode rods.
In the resistance part made of ceramics formed in the shape of a disk,
A plurality of through holes are provided at a distance from each other in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface, and a chromium oxide film is formed on the inner peripheral surface. Since the entire part is formed, the current carrying capacity t' can be greatly improved, and together with the improvement in the bonding strength between the resistor part and each current carrying part, the mechanical strength is higher than that of the conventional one. This can be dramatically increased compared to . In particular, when used in combination with a coil body that generates axial magnetic field sound in a vertical magnetic field type vacuum interrupter, it has anisotropy in conductivity and magnetic permeability in the direction of current flow and in the direction orthogonal to this. , it is possible to suppress the noise generated by the thin current, and it is possible to efficiently utilize the axial magnetic field resistance.

In addition, a plurality of through holes are provided in the ceramic resistor part formed in the shape of a circular plate, spaced apart from each other in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface, and each through hole has a diameter of about 0.1 to 0.1 mm.
Since it is 1% of the vacuum interrupter made of 0.6% by weight of chromic filler, multiple energization, and total formation, it has the following advantages as well as the ease of manufacturing. be effective.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a vacuum interoperator equipped with all electrodes according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the electrode assembly of the magnetically driven type according to the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4. are respectively t! for the magnetically driven M type. FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a plan view and a front view of another embodiment of the section. 7, 8, 9, and 10 are enlarged views (grain boundary diagrams) of the junction between the resistive part and the current-carrying part of the first embodiment of the electrode according to the present invention, and FIG. 11 is the main Second electrode according to the invention
An enlarged cross-sectional view of the embodiment, FIG. 12 is a partially cutaway front view of the Yoikokukai vertical magnetic field type according to the present invention, and FIG.
13 and 14 are plan views of essential parts of the vertical magnetic field type, respectively, and FIG. 15 is a -mk cutaway front view of another embodiment of the vertical magnetic field type. 4...Vacuum container, 5...Electrode, 6...Electricity! #, God, 12...Resistance part, 13...Through hole, 14...Chromium oxide coating, i5.15&... Current carrying part. Agent Shiga Fujiya 1. 1, ?, f,, 1. 1, ?, f,, 1.Fig. - 4μ Fig. 10 4μ Fig. 11 Fig. 15a Fig. 12 Fig. 13 Procedural amendment imported) 1. Indication of the case Patent Application No. 34939 of 1982 2. Name of the invention Electrode of vacuum interrogator 3 Person making the amendment Relationship with 1'1- Applicant (810) Meidensha Co., Ltd. 4, Agent Address: 1-29 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104 Riseikai 5 Column for detailed explanation of the invention in the specification. 0 , Statement of amendments #lfl Book 12, line 15 to page 18, line 11
In the first line, the words ``Figure 8... (omitted)... of aluminum and copper'' are purple, [Figure 8, Figure 9 and 10].
The characteristics are as shown in the photo shown in the figure. In other words, the characteristic photograph in Figure 6 is a secondary image taken with an X-ray microanalyzer, and the black part on the right is a mixture of alumina and the slightly white part on the left is copper, which is interposed at the boundary between the two. The corrugated portion is chromium oxide. The characteristic photograph in FIG. 7 is a characteristic xi image taken by an X-ray microanalyzer showing the dispersion state of chromium, and the white part in the center is chromium. moreover,
Characteristic 6' in Figure 8 is the true state of oxygen dispersion? In the characteristic X-ray image taken by an X-ray microanalyzer, the white dots on the right are oxygen. [The characteristic photographs in FIGS. 9 and 10 are similarly corrected to "for aluminum and copper." Written amendment to the above procedure (method) % formula %) 2 Name of the invention Vacuum interrupter electrode 3, relationship to the supplementary case Applicant (610) Meidensha Co., Ltd. 4, Agent Address: 104 East I: ζTochuo] Meimei 1-cho 1-29 Suiseikai Hill 03 (545) 2251 (Representative) Kairi 1: (
62] 9) Shiga Fujiya 5, date of amendment order a Column for a brief explanation of drawings in the list of items subject to amendment. 7 Amendment Content Reveal 1411, page 24, line 18:
...(Omitted)...The original J and r are corrected to read ``Characteristic photograph taken by the Xa microanalyzer of the joint of the part, Figure 11 is the original.''that's all

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The electrodes of the vacuum interrogator are installed in the vacuum vessel at intervals of contact and separation through a pair of electrodes, and the resistor part made of ceramics is formed into a disc shape in a direction perpendicular to the plate surface. Multiple through-holes that penetrate and are spaced apart from each other, with a chromium oxide coating formed entirely on the inner circular surface? An electrode of a vacuum interrogator is provided, and a plurality of current-carrying parts are formed by fully filling each through hole with a hook. (2) A pair of electrode rods? The chopsticks of the vacuum incretor are installed in the vacuum chamber at intervals of contact and separation, and the poles are placed on the resistor part made of ceramics, which is formed in the shape of a disk, and are spaced apart from each other in the direction perpendicular to the back. Multiple direct holes? At the same time, each front hole contains a chromium-containing base of approximately 0.1 to α6 heavy metals. Filling (Electrical assembly of a vacuum interrogator made up of two to several communication parts.