JPS58149435A - Non-vibrating piston mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To offset effectively reactive forces generated when an engine is operated, by a constitution wherein a gear device having four gears engaged with each other and arranged on the same plane so that lines connecting the respective shafts of the gears form a square is interposed between pistons arranged opposite to wach other. CONSTITUTION:Four gears 1, engaging with each other, are arranged on the same plane so that lines connecting the respective shafts of gears form a square, and thereby an aligned gear device is constituted. When the gear device thus constituted is employed for a four-cylinder opposed-pison mechanism, acting powers P1 and P4, and P2 and P3 operate oppositely and reversely to each other on the same lines of action, on condition that four pistons 4 have equal mass. Therefore, the resultant force thereof turns zero, and vibrations caused thereby are not generated. In addition, reactive forces C1-C4 generated by the operations of connecting rods 5 balance both in the directions X and Y, and thus the vibrtions caused thereby are not generated either.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a piston-cylinder-crank mechanism.

The piston-cylinder-crank mechanism converts reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and vice versa, and is used in prime movers such as steam engines and internal combustion engines, as well as in air compressors and pumps. It is a mechanism that has a wide range of applications.

Therefore, it is essential to solve the vibration problem related to this.

In the conventional piston-cylinder-crank mechanism,
[Vibration Ml 1: The main causes are the following two points. The first is due to the reciprocating movement of the piston, and the second is due to the connecting
This is due to the hidden movement of the rod. Here, as for the problem caused by the reciprocating motion of the first piston, a solution has already been revealed by arranging a pair of pistons facing each other (however, the conventional method is approximately facing (many things). As for the movement of the second connecting rod, a complete method has not yet been realized.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibration-free piston mechanism that comprehensively solves the above-mentioned problems using a quadrupole synchronized gear J and realizes vibration-free operation of the piston-cylinder-crank mechanism.
Our goal is to provide the following technology.

Hereinafter, the vibration-free piston mechanism of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to several examples of figures.

4) Equal (equal in shape, size, device, etc.) gears (
1) are combined as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, and arranged on the same plane so that the lines connecting the four axes (2) form a square, and the position of each axis (2) is changed. It is supported in a rotatable state by a rigid body (3: actually an approximate rigid body such as #1111) so that it does not occur. Such a combination of m-city (1) will be referred to as a "four-datum pole tuning gear J."

Next, the mechanical characteristics of the quadrupole tuning gear will be described.

The first characteristic is that [quadrupole tuning gears are rotatable, and the directions of rotation of adjacent gears are opposite to each other,
The number of rotations is the same for each gear. ”. The explanation is as follows. The four tooth widths (1) are in mesh with each other, and the direction of rotation is as shown by the arrow in FIG. 3, so it is rotatable. Also, since the number of teeth is the same, the number of rotations is the same.

The second characteristic is that "quadrupole interstage gears do not move or vibrate during rotation. This characteristic generally holds during constant speed rotation and accelerated rotation." The reason is as follows. Assuming that the centers of the axes of the four tooth widths (1) are PL +P2 +P3+P4 as shown in Fig. 4, each gear (
1) is homogeneous and a rotating body symmetric about the axis, so
The force applied to the shaft due to its rotational motion is only a couple,
The magnitude of the force couple is the same in all four axes at the same time. Moreover, since the direction of the couple is opposite in one adjacent tooth, if Pl and P3 are positive, P2 and P4 are negative. Therefore, the sum of the couples acting on the four mutually connected axes is zero.

Next, by connecting the - set of quadrupole tuning gears and the four sets of piston cylinders with four connecting rods, a four-cylinder piston mechanism as shown in Fig. 5 is created. If we consider the force due to the mass of the parts during operation in this case, we get the following. The first working component is the "four-pole synchronizing gear", the second is the four pistons, and the third is the four "connecting rods" (including the shafts at both ends). The rotation of the first quadrupole tuning gear does not cause vibration or recoil, as already mentioned. The second four pistons are synchronized as shown in FIG. 5, and have the same mass. Therefore, Pl and P4, P2 and P
3 each face the same line of action E and operate in opposite directions, so their resultant force is zero (the four cylinders are (
9) does not produce vibration or recoil.

Regarding the third four connecting rods, the fifth
The four connecting rods are tuned as shown and have equal masses. Therefore,
The reaction force due to the operation of each connecting rod is as follows. Regarding the vector components in the X direction, C1 and C
Since the pairs C2 and 03 have the same magnitude and opposite directions and act on the same line of action, they cancel each other out and the resultant force becomes zero. Regarding the vector component in the Y direction, the resultant force of the pairs of C1 and C2 and C3 and 04 becomes zero, as in the case of the X direction. Therefore, no vibration or reaction occurs during operation due to the mass of the tuned connecting rod as shown in FIG. That is, a four-cylinder piston mechanism with four-pole synchronized gears as shown in FIG. 5 does not generate vibration or reaction when the mass of its parts is operated [Vibration-free piston machine 11. It becomes the "-potential" of J.

Next, - set of "4@polar intertone tooth market" and 2 sets of "piston"
When these four qualities are the same (the shapes are partially different, see Figure 10) and are connected by a connecting rod, the ``-potential'' of the simplest type of ``vibration-free piston mechanism'' as shown in Figure 7 is obtained. I can do it. This example is the same as the case shown in FIG. 5, except that a pair of connecting rods are connected to one piston, and there are two pistons. First, a case where a pair of connecting rods are coupled to one piston will be described. In order to prevent vibration or reaction from occurring when the connecting rod is operated, the shape and mass of the connecting rod become issues. 8th
The figure is a plan view of a prototype of a connecting rod in the case where two connecting rods are attached to one piston. FIG. 9 shows the CC@ plane shown in FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 8. As is clear from FIGS. 8 to 10, the configuration of the two sets of connecting rods is symmetrical except for the bearing portion on the piston side. As shown in No. 9 [1211], the bearing part on the piston side must be symmetrical with respect to the Z direction when it is in a reclined state. force may be generated). That is, the pair of connecting rods shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 are effective in the "vibration-free piston mechanism" shown in FIG. 7 because their masses move symmetrically with respect to the X-axis.

Below, the above two types of vibration-free piston mechanisms [@Similar J
Let's discuss the case of concatenating. First, let us show the case of a connection with four pistons in one unit.-For example, the 11th
It will look like the figure. The quadrupole tuning gear itself doubles as a crank (it is also possible to use a separate crank and connect it to the quadrupole tuning gear), and at the same time it has the function of connecting the forces acting on each piston to each other. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the four consecutively connected equal quadrupole tuning gears all rotate and synchronize with each other. In this case, the synchronization of the piston and connecting rod can be freely determined in accordance with the performance of the piston mechanism. Next, an example of a connection having two pistons in one unit is shown in FIG. 12. Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the continuously connected equal picture electrode tuning gears all rotate and synchronize with each other. In this S-coupling, the synchronization of the piston and connecting rod can be freely determined in accordance with the performance of the piston mechanism. In addition, in the above two units, power can be freely input and output from either the gear itself or the shaft of the gear.
I can enter and exit J. Also, since the four-adjustable gear may operate in response to stress from multiple pistons, adjacent gears may alternately act as a driving wheel and a driven wheel. In such a case, if you take out the two gears as shown in Figure 15, the gear on the left (A) will become the driving wheel and the gear on the right (
When 10 rotates as a driven wheel, (a) in Figure 16
The two gears meet in a similar shape. On the other hand, the gear on the right (
When the drive 11 (B) rotates and the left gear (A) becomes the driven wheel, the two gears come into contact as shown in FIG. 16 (b). Therefore, at the intersection t1: (a ) and (b) are repeated, small-amplitude vibrations may occur.Therefore, for quadrupole tuning teeth I1.j, the gear tooth profile, accuracy, and lubrication method are important. The amount will be the same, so I will talk about it below.

Adjacent gears alternately become the original and driven wheels, so
It is best for the shape of the gear to be in contact with each other in the opposite direction. - Examples include "continuous contact gears". This is shown in FIG.

Gears need to be both strong and precise. Next, methods for increasing moisture include a method using lubricating oil, a method using compressed air, and a method using magnetism.

By taking such considerations as L-Shi, the quadrupole tuning gear operates normally. Therefore, "vibration-free piston mechanism J
also works properly. That is, the "vibration-free piston mechanism" of the present invention can be applied to all devices that use a piston mechanism, so it is possible to reduce pollution caused by vibrations of such devices and improve the performance of the devices themselves. . - For example, when used in an engine, there is no vibration, which makes engines made of ceramics more practical. And this ceramic engine is highly necessary when future engines start to use hydrogen as fuel. This is because metal engines are easily corroded by hydrogen, but ceramic engines are guaranteed not to corrode.

The vibration-free piston mechanism is an ideal means for revolutionizing the materials of machinery.

In addition, there are the following embodiments of the vibration-free piston mechanism J using four-way gears according to the present invention.

■-set of four 1dilii synchronized tooth widths and four sets of pistons.
The cylinder is connected with four connecting rods. (See Figure 5) - A set of quadruple-like 1crJIJIi gears and two sets of pistons and cylinders are connected by two connecting rods. (Refer to Figure 7) +3) h (The eye position forms of D are connected in a plane. (See Figure 12 IIfI) (/D The eye position forms of L are connected in a plane. (
(Refer to Fig. 12) (The eye position form of 51h record ■ is three-dimensionally connected by connecting the shaft of the 14th adjustment gear. (See @13 figure) (See Figure 14)

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view conceptually showing a negative set of "quadrupole tuning gears." FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the rotational state of the - set of quadrupole interlocking gears (tooth profiles are not shown for simplicity). Figure 4 shows
Diagram with symbols attached to the shafts of the quadruple-like tuning gear (for simplicity, the tooth profile is not shown). FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of one potential of a non-vibration piston mechanism using a set of quadrupole tuning gears (in this example, the crank is in the "position" position) and four sets of pistons. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line B-Bh shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of one potential of a vibration-free piston mechanism using a set of quadruple-like tuning gears (in this example, it also serves as a crank) and two sets of pistons. FIG. 8 is a plan view of a pair of connecting rods when two connecting rods are connected to one piston. FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line CC shown in FIG. 8. Figure @1O is an exploded perspective view of Figure 8. Figure 11 is a diagram in which a non-vibration piston mechanism is connected in a plane (pointing to the same surface as the surface of the quadruple-like tuning gears), in which the combination of the quadruple-like tuning gears and four pistons is at one potential. (In this figure, three units are connected). FIG. 12 is a diagram in which a non-vibration piston mechanism, in which one unit is a combination of a set of four-pole synchronized gears and two pistons, is connected in a plane (three units are connected in this figure). FIG. 13 is a diagram in which the same type of points as in FIG. 11 are three-dimensionally connected (pointing in the direction of the axis of the gears forming the quadrupole tuning gear) (three-potential connection in this figure).
Fig. 14 is a diagram in which units of the same type as Fig. 12 are three-dimensionally connected (three units are connected in this figure). FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the state of rotation of two adjacent gears that are part of a four-pole tuning gear. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the valley shape 1!11 (a state, b shape part) of the meshing of the two gears shown in FIG. 15. FIG. 17 is a diagram of a "continuous contact gear" which is an example of a practical tooth profile of a gear used in a quadrupole interstage gear. 1. ・Tooth-ri (As an example of a practical example, a continuous contact gear: Figure 17). 2... Axis of tooth width. 3...
...Rigid body (actually made of copper as an example of an approximate rigid body). 4
····piston. 5... Connecting rod. 6...Cylinder. 7...Axle of the connecting rod on the piston side. 8...The shaft of the connecting rod on the crank side. 9...Crank case. 10... Suction valve. 11...Exhaust valve. 12・
···crank. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 5 Figure 11 Figure 12...i+:+ figure
Figure 16 193- (j) (b)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A "vibration-free piston mechanism" that produces no Mm or recoil during operation is achieved by symmetrically arranging the piston and connecting rod around the "Situn pole intertone tooth market".