JPS58138211A - Feeding of steam by boiler and steam accumulator and apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the max. amount of heat to be recovered through the min. heat transmission area by control-operating a boiler as a hot-water boiler, storing the supplied water in the form of the max. pressure saturated steam, hot water, and the cold water having the min. saturation temperature, when steam is supplied from an accumulator. CONSTITUTION:A boiler 1 is operated as a hot-water boiler through the control by a throttle control valve 16, the hot water from an outlet pipe is made to pass through the valve 16 and sent into an upper space 18, which is filled with the max. pressure saturated steam, and the hot water 19 which stores heat in the lower part of the upper space and the min. pressure cold water 20 having a saturation temperature in an accumulator in the lowest part are stored in two layers, having the boundary surface 21 therebetween. A cylindrical body 22 is arranged in the accumulator 14, and thus the disturbance on the boundary surface is prevented by the rectification action. Steam is supplied into a turbine 5 from the upper space 18 in case of necessity, and the steam utilized as power is condensed in a condenser 7, and sent into a water supply tank 9, and heated in a heat exchanger 13, and is allowed to circulate into the lower part of the accumulator 14, and sent into the boiler 1 again.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a foam-free supply method and apparatus using a boiler and a foam-free accumulator.

There are a variety of systems that store thermal energy generated in a boiler in a non-foam accumulator and release it when necessary to supply the generated non-foam to various types of non-foam consumption equipment. In order to cover the electric power supply system using diesel generators (IKs) used for diesel engines during special loads, a waste heat boiler is attached to recover the waste heat of the diesel engine, and the recovered thermal energy is The steam is stored in a non-capturing accumulator, and when the load is on two 7js, steam is released from the accumulator to drive a turbine generator, and the electric power from the turbine generator is supplied to the load.

A typical system conventionally used as a waste heat recovery turbine power generation system for this purpose is shown in Figure 1. In other words, in Fig. 1, the conventional system includes a waste heat boiler (1), a steam water separator ψ), and a feed water pump (3), which are operated using the waste heat of exhaust gas from the engine exhaust system of a diesel power generation facility. It consists of a boiler system that connects a During low circulation, waste heat from diesel power generation equipment is transferred to the boiler (
1) and stored in the accumulator (4), and during the evening haze load, the pressure in the accumulator (4) is lowered and the required amount of F9T is evaporated to turn the turbine (5).
Thereby, electric power is obtained from the turbine generator (6), thereby supplementing the output of the diesel generator. In this case, the steam used to generate power within the turbine (5) is transferred to the condenser (7), the condensate pump (8), and the make-up water tank (9).
), returns to the water supply side of the steam water heater (2) via the supplementary water pump (10) and the feed water heater (11), and returns to the boiler (1)
).

In such a conventional system, the boiler pressure is maintained at a constant pressure, which is the maximum pressure of the accumulator (4) plus the resistance of the piping and the O bubble-free jet nozzle in the accumulator (4), and therefore The heat transfer surface temperature of the boiler (1) is equal to or higher than the saturated humidity of the operating boiler pressure. In this friend waste heat boiler (1), the waste heat recovery limit is narrowed,
There are unavoidable drawbacks such as the need for a large number of heat transfer surfaces for the same amount of heat recovery, and in particular, if you try to increase the amount of heat storage per unit volume by increasing the size of the accumulator (variable range tube), the boiler pressure will increase. As a result, the aforementioned drawbacks have become more prevalent.

This invention was made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and it is possible to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer surface in the boiler so that it does not rise to the saturation temperature of the operating boiler pressure, and it is possible to maintain high heat transfer surface temperature with a small boiler heat transfer area. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cost-free supply method and device that can obtain heat recovery efficiency.

That is, in this invention, the thermal energy generated in the boiler is stored in the non-destructive accumulator, and steam is generated in the accumulator when required to be used in non-foam consumption equipment such as turbine power generation systems, building III systems, fuel oil heaters, etc. When supplying the steam to the powerless power system and others, the boiler is operated in a controlled manner as a hot water boiler to raise the temperature of the feed water to the maximum pressure saturation temperature of the accumulator, and the water is fed to the upper part of the accumulator. When the upper space of the accumulator is filled with the highest pressure saturated steam, two layers of water are formed: high-temperature water that has stored heat in the lower part of the tank, and low-temperature water that corresponds to the 11k low-pressure saturation temperature at the time of free discharge from the accumulator. steam evaporated from the accumulator is supplied to the bubble-free consumption equipment when required, and mixed water of low-temperature water and make-up water after bubble-free generation in the accumulator is supplied to the mailer. In this case, a vertical type device is used as the bubble-free accumulator, in which a cylindrical body for rectifying flow and promoting natural circulation is arranged parallel to the axis, and the high temperature water outlet of the boiler is A throttle control valve is installed in the pipe, and the opening degree is adjusted so that the temperature of the high-temperature water reaches the saturation temperature of the maximum pressure.

In this invention, as described above, the boiler always maintains an operating state in which the mixture of low-temperature water and make-up water at the lowest pressure saturation temperature of the accumulator is heated to the highest pressure saturation temperature, and this operating state is defined by the fact that the boiler is heated to the highest pressure saturation temperature. Even during heat storage, the tortoise remains unchanged during heat dissipation for free supply and contraction to free consumption. Further, in this case, the boiler is operated as a hot water boiler, and therefore, all of its heat transfer directions are in contact with hot water, and preferably, the boiler combustion gas and the hot water flow in the heat transfer tubes are arranged so that the directions are opposite to each other. It is possible to obtain a sufficient temperature difference and obtain the maximum heat collection efficiency with the minimum heat transfer area. Furthermore, the pot pressure type accumulator used in the conventional system was a crude type with a large number of pressureless jet nozzles and distribution pipes inside, like a general Roots-type horizontal accumulator, but with this invention, The modified EEL fish steam accumulator that we use does not require such a large number of steam jetting nozzles, but is simply a vertical type with cylindrical bodies arranged in parallel for rectifying the flow (preventing disturbance) and promoting natural circulation. One advantage is that it only requires a pressure vessel similar to that of a standard pressure vessel.

An embodiment of the present invention using a waste heat boiler and a turbine power generation system for low-demand use as a free consumption facility will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 182 is a system diagram showing the configuration of the waste heat recovery power generation system according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the same symbols as in Fig. 11N1 indicate the same effects. (12) is a turbine inlet no cover valve, (13)
is a heat exchanger as a feed water heater, for example, a boiler (1)
The engine cylinder cooling water of a diesel generator that recovers waste heat is
15) is a makeup water flow rate control valve.

In the boiler yarn in the system of this invention, the boiler (1
) forms a loop with the accumulator (14) and the water supply pump (3) through the dispersion control valve (16) installed in its outlet pipe, while the turbine yarn also forms a loop through the accumulator (14). Closed.

Throttle control valve (16) company, hot water outlet temperature control device I (1
7), while monitoring the hot water temperature in the outlet pipe of the boiler (1) and controlling the flow rate of hot water in the outlet pipe by adjusting the opening degree of the accumulator (1).
This is to maintain the saturated humidity corresponding to the maximum pressure in 4). The boiler (1) is operated as a hot water boiler under the control of the throttle control valve (16), and the control valve (16) operates the boiler (1) as a hot water boiler.
16) and then fed into the upper space (18) of the accumulator (14). The upper space (18) of the accumulator (14) is filled with saturated high pressure, and heat is stored in its lower part. Hot water (19) is stored below the hot water (19), and low temperature water (20) at the saturation temperature of the am pressure of the accumulator is stored as two-layer water with an interface (21) in between. A sieve-like body (22) is disposed in the accumulator (14) to store the two-layer water, and its Il flow action prevents disturbance of the interface due to 7 lashing or the like. Hydrogen is supplied to the turbine (5) from the upper space (18) of the accumulator (14) via the turbine variable control valve when required. ) is closed by The power used for power inside the turbine is the condenser (
After the water is condensed in step 7), it is sent to the make-up water tank (9) via the condensate pump (8). The make-up water line from the make-up water tank (9) is heated by the heat exchanger (13) via the pump (10) and then transferred to the accumulator (via the control valve (15)).
14) It will be circulated to the lower part of the O and sent to the boiler (1) again.

In this case, the cylindrical body (2
Due to the action of 2), the boundary direction of the Shini layer water is maintained and they do not mix, the boundary surface descends during heat storage, and a natural shield flow occurs around the top and bottom of the cylindrical body (22) during free release. Due to the mixing action, the overall temperature t gradually decreases to the lowest temperature, and one cycle is eventually completed.

The boiler (1) is operated under the same conditions both when heat is stored in the accumulator (14) and when it is discharged without heat generation, and when heat is discharged without heat generation, 7 lashing occurs temporarily after exiting the throttling control valve (16), which is a particular problem. Also, the throttle control valve (16) (D@@ Company 112 shows an example of the L temperature control valve, but the accumulator (16)
14) may be replaced with a method of monitoring the internal pressure. However, in this case, the valve opening is held in the hold state when the accumulator discharges without charge, or the control signal is controlled by the hot water temperature immediately before the ridge control valve (16). It is necessary to put a limit on

In one embodiment of the invention, an accumulator (
14) The maximum pressure of 20 ai drops to the lowest pressure of 4 aim during the free release, and some of the Honan high temperature water (19) is about 3
After evaporating 31 tons of water, the remaining water is approximately 200 tons.
It becomes low-temperature water with a saturation temperature of about 143°C. When the turbine (5) is not operating, this low-temperature water is supplied to the water supply pump (3).
The waste heat is sent to the boiler (1) and heated by the boiler (1) to reach a saturation temperature of 211° at 20 ata.
C and the accumulator (
14), and the upper space (18) is 20 et
The pressure inside the accumulator becomes 20 ata as the accumulator is filled with a O saturated gas. On the other hand, about 33 toll of condensate, which is discharged from the accumulator (14) without charge and worked in the turbine (5), is transferred to the make-up water tank (9).
and a pump (10) in the heat exchanger II (13) for example with cylinder cold instant fresh water 85 of a Niesel engine.
°C to 75 °C, - day and night.
The water is supplied to the suction pipe section of the water pump (3), that is, the Fil of the accumulator (14), approximately evenly in a 1 m1111 valve (15) without any change. Therefore, the temperature at the outlet of the feed water pump (3) is about 134°C, which is within a safe temperature range as a countermeasure against low-temperature corrosion of the boiler. Inside the accumulator (14), water is divided into upper and lower high-temperature water at 211°C and lower low-temperature water at 143°C, as described above, and the boundary surface (21) between them descends during heat storage and is free from water. During substitute release, the temperature is lowered throughout with uniform humidity due to mixing by natural circulation 11.

As mentioned above, according to the present invention, the boiler is always operated as a hot water boiler, so there is no evaporation of hot water in the boiler heat exchanger tubes, the temperature of the water added to the boiler is constant, and the outlet temperature is also controlled to be constant. Therefore, the thermal energy or waste heat of combustion gas can be recovered with high efficiency by effectively utilizing the heat transfer area of the boiler.
A non-foam supply system for steam consuming equipment for each aill steamer, which eliminates the need to install multiple O-free jet nozzles in the accumulator, and provides auxiliary power equipment for supplying power during peak loads of diesel power generation equipment. A suitable system can be constructed as follows.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an example of a conventional waste heat recovery power generation system, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. (1) Industrial waste heat boiler, (5): Turbine, (6) Two generators, (14): Vertical transformer typeless accumulator, (
16): Throttle control valve, -(22): Cylindrical body. Agent Patent Attorney Masatoshi Sato

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) KI91 system, which stores good thermal energy generated in a boiler in a non-foam accumulator, generates steam from the accumulator when necessary, and supplies the non-foam to non-foam consuming equipment; is controlled and operated as a hot water boiler to raise the temperature of the feed water to the maximum pressure and saturated humidity of the accumulator, and sends this to the upper part of the accumulator, thereby filling the upper space in the water-extracting accumulator with the maximum pressure and saturation humidity. At the same time, the layer 86 is filled with two layers of water: high-temperature water stored in the lower part 86, and low-temperature water corresponding to the lowest pressure saturation temperature of the accumulator at the time of free discharge, and when necessary, the water is self-released from the accumulator. A bubble-free supply method 0 (2) characterized in that the evaporated water is supplied to the water-free consumption equipment, and the mixed water of low-temperature water and make-up water after the water discharge in the accumulator is supplied to the boiler. ) A non-foam supply device comprising a boiler and a non-foam accumulator for storing thermal energy generated in the boiler, and supplies non-foam gas released from the non-foam accumulator to non-foam consumption equipment when required; In order to operate the boiler as a hot water boiler, a throttle control valve whose opening is adjusted so that the temperature of the high temperature water from the boiler reaches the saturation temperature of the highest pressure of the accumulator is connected between the high temperature water outlet pipe of the boiler and the accumulator. A free supply device characterized by the following. (3) The non-volatile accumulator is of vertical shape, and has a cylindrical body inside thereof that functions to rectify hot water when storing thermal energy and to promote natural circulation of hot water when discharging 1L steam. The second claim characterized in
The free supply device described in paragraph