CN107492400A - Dry type reactor heating system - Google Patents
Dry type reactor heating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107492400A CN107492400A CN201610862609.9A CN201610862609A CN107492400A CN 107492400 A CN107492400 A CN 107492400A CN 201610862609 A CN201610862609 A CN 201610862609A CN 107492400 A CN107492400 A CN 107492400A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 113
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020852 Hypertonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D9/00—Arrangements to provide heat for purposes other than conversion into power, e.g. for heating buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dry type reactor heating system, including：Containment, reactor vessel, reactor core, First Heat Exchanger, second heat exchanger and heating network, there is chamber in reactor vessel, chamber has vessel inlet and container outlet, reactor vessel is located in containment, reactor core is located in chamber, First Heat Exchanger is located in containment, the vessel inlet and container outlet of First Heat Exchanger and reactor vessel are connected together to the first loop of closing, second heat exchanger is located in containment or outside containment, second heat exchanger is connected together to the second servo loop of closing with First Heat Exchanger, heating network and the second heat exchanger are connected together to tertiary circuit.Dry type reactor heating system according to embodiments of the present invention, fuel of heat supply expense is few, heat cost is low, great economic benefit, zero-emission can be achieved, heating efficiency is high, and its peak regulation adaptability is stronger, heat caused by reactor core can eliminate radioactive pollution by multistage circuit transmission to heating network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear reactor technology field, more particularly, to a kind of dry type reactor heating system.
Background technology
Heat-supplying mode of the China based on coal make it that haze problem is increasingly severe at present, and nuclear energy is as cleaning energy
Source, it is possible to achieve zero-emission.Using nuclear heating, the consumption of traditional fossil energy, more preferable protection ring on the one hand can be reduced
Border；On the other hand the civil area of nuclear energy can be widened, increases heat supply purposes on the basis of original power generation applications.With regard to China's mesh
For the preceding energy and environment situation, to tackle the present situation that energy resources are rare, environmental pollution is serious, it is necessary to consider alternative fire coal
The heat-supplying mode of boiler and clean and effective, and as the gradual expansion of north city Areas benefiting from central heating, low-temperature heat supply pile up confession
The competitive advantage in hot field also will be emerged from progressively.
In correlation technique in the ripe large pressurized water reactor of operation, the power of minute-pressure reactor is high, fuel pellet and involucrum
Running temperature is higher, and thermal technology's safety allowance is low, and temperature, the pressure of cooling agent are higher, and its process system and security system are complicated, throw
It is high to provide cost, security is low.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solves one of technical problem in correlation technique to a certain extent.
Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of dry type reactor heating system, the dry type reactor heating system.(simple effect
Fruit).
Dry type reactor heating system according to embodiments of the present invention, including：Containment, reactor vessel, reactor core, first
Heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and heating network, the reactor vessel is interior to have chamber, and the chamber has vessel inlet and container
Outlet, the reactor vessel are located in the containment, and the reactor core is located in the chamber, and the First Heat Exchanger is located at
In the containment, the vessel inlet and container outlet of the First Heat Exchanger and the reactor vessel are connected together to close
The first loop, second heat exchanger be located in the containment or the containment outside, second heat exchanger with it is described
First Heat Exchanger is connected together to the second servo loop of closing, and the heating network is connected together to the 3rd time with second heat exchanger
Road.
Dry type reactor heating system according to embodiments of the present invention is and straight by the way that reactor core is located in reactor vessel
Connect and compare the pool heat reactor that reactor core is immersed in pond, the pressure of the first loop working medium is higher, can effectively improve
The heating parameter of dry type reactor heating system, in addition, compared with the coal heating mode of traditional heat supply, the dry type reactor supplies
Hot systems fuel of heat supply expense is few, and heat cost is low, great economic benefit, zero-emission can be achieved, and heating efficiency is much high
In coal-burning boiler, its peak regulation adaptability is stronger, and heat caused by reactor core, can by multistage circuit transmission to heating network
To eliminate radioactive pollution.
In addition, dry type reactor heating system according to embodiments of the present invention, can also have technology additional as follows special
Sign：
According to one embodiment of present invention, the dry type reactor heating system also includes：Heat-exchanging water tank and passive
Afterheat heat exchanger, the passive residual heat heat exchanger are located in the heat-exchanging water tank, the passive residual heat heat exchanger with it is described
First loop be connected with least one loop in the second servo loop with when accident occurs for the reactor will described at least
Waste heat heat exchange in one loop is in the heat-exchanging water tank.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the dry type reactor heating system also includes：First isolating valve, described
One isolating valve is located on the pipeline between the passive residual heat heat exchanger and at least one loop, first isolating valve
Close in the normal reactor operation and opened when accident occurs for the reactor.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the dry type reactor heating system also includes external heat exchanger, described outer
Put heat exchanger to be located at outside the containment, the external heat exchanger is connected with the heat-exchanging water tank to export in the heat-exchanging water tank
Heat.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the heat-exchanging water tank and the passive residual heat heat exchanger are located at the safety
In shell, the external heat exchanger is air cooler.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it is steady also to include water tank heat derives loop for the dry type reactor heating system
Depressor, the water tank heat derives loop voltage-stablizer are connected to the pipeline between the external heat exchanger and the heat-exchanging water tank
On.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the dry type reactor heating system also includes built-in heat exchanger, described interior
Put heat exchanger to be located in the heat-exchanging water tank, the external heat exchanger is connected with the built-in heat exchanger.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the dry type reactor heating system also includes low pressure peace water injection pipe, described
Low pressure peace water injection pipe is connected between the heat-exchanging water tank and the reactor vessel, and the low pressure peace water injection pipe is provided with water filling
Valve, the water injection valve are closed in the normal reactor operation, and in the reactor accident and described occurs for the water injection valve
Pressure in reactor vessel is opened so that the water in the heat-exchanging water tank to be injected into when being less than the pressure in the heat-exchanging water tank
In the reactor vessel.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the dry type reactor heating system also includes primary Ioops voltage-stablizer and two times
Road voltage-stablizer, the primary Ioops voltage-stablizer are located on first loop, described for adjusting the pressure in first loop
Secondary circuit voltage-stablizer is located on the second servo loop, for adjusting the pressure in the second servo loop.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the pressure in the second servo loop is more than the pressure in first loop.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the pressure in first loop is the micro- of 1.5-20 standard atmospheric pressure
Pressure.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the pressure in first loop is 5-12 standard atmospheric pressure.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the pressure in first loop is 6-9 standard atmospheric pressure.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of dry type reactor heating system according to embodiments of the present invention.
Reference：
100：Dry type reactor heating system；
10：Reactor vessel；
11：Chamber；
20：Reactor core；
21：Vessel inlet；22：Container outlet；
30：First Heat Exchanger；
31：First import；32：First outlet；33：Second import；34：Second outlet；
40：Second heat exchanger；
41：Triple feed inlet；42：3rd outlet；43：Heating network；
50：Passive residual heat heat exchanger；
51：4th import；52：4th outlet；53：First isolating valve；54：Heat-exchanging water tank；
60：Built-in heat exchanger；
70：Containment；71：Confined space；
80：External heat exchanger；
90：Water tank heat derives loop voltage-stablizer；91：Primary Ioops voltage-stablizer；92：Secondary circuit voltage-stablizer.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings.Below with reference to
The embodiment of accompanying drawing description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Dry type reactor heating system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention is specifically described with reference to accompanying drawing 1 first below.
As shown in figure 1, dry type reactor heating system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention, including containment 70, reactor
Container 10, reactor core 20, First Heat Exchanger 30, the second heat exchanger 40 and heating network 43.
Specifically, there is chamber 11 in reactor vessel 10, chamber 11 has vessel inlet 21 and container outlet 22, instead
Heap container 10 is answered to be located in containment 70, reactor core 20 is located in chamber 11, and First Heat Exchanger 30 is located in containment 70, and first changes
The vessel inlet 21 and container outlet 22 of hot device 30 and reactor vessel 10 are connected together to the first loop of closing, the second heat exchange
Device 40 is located in containment 70 or outside containment 70, and the second heat exchanger 40 is connected together to the second of closing with First Heat Exchanger 30
Loop, the heat exchanger 40 of heating network 43 and second are connected together to tertiary circuit.
In other words, dry type reactor heating system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention, mainly by containment 70, reactor
Container 10, reactor core 20, First Heat Exchanger 30, the second heat exchanger 40 and heating network 43 form.Wherein, defined in containment 70 close
Close space 71, reactor vessel 10, First Heat Exchanger 30, the second heat exchanger 40 etc. to be respectively provided in confined space 71, reactor
Chamber 11 is defined in container 10, reactor core 20 is located in chamber 11, and vessel inlet 21 is provided with reactor vessel 10 and is held
Device outlet 22, First Heat Exchanger 30 are located at the outside of reactor vessel 10, and there is First Heat Exchanger 30 first import 31, first to go out
The 32, second import 33 of mouth and second outlet 34, the first import 31 is connected with container outlet 22 and first outlet 32 and vessel inlet
21 are connected together to the first loop.Second heat exchanger 40 is also provided in outside reactor vessel 10, and the second heat exchanger 40 has the 3rd to enter
The outlet 42 of mouth 41 and the 3rd, triple feed inlet 41 is connected with second outlet 34 and the 3rd outlet 42 is connected together to the second import 33
Second servo loop, the heat exchanger 40 of heating network 43 and second are connected to form tertiary circuit.
Specifically, reactor core 20 is located in the chamber 11 of reactor vessel 10, and reactor core 20 has and chamber 11 and ft connection
Vessel inlet 21 and container outlet 22.First Heat Exchanger 30 is located at outside reactor vessel 10, the side tool of First Heat Exchanger 30
There are the first import 31 and first outlet 32, the first import 31 is connected with container outlet 22, and first outlet 32 and vessel inlet
21 are connected together to the first loop, the pressure adjustable section in the first loop.Second heat exchanger 40 is also provided in outside reactor vessel 10,
Second heat exchanger 40 has the outlet of triple feed inlet 41 and the 3rd 42, while the opposite side of First Heat Exchanger 30 also has the second import
33 and second outlet 34, the triple feed inlet 41 of the second heat exchanger 40 be connected with the second outlet 34 of First Heat Exchanger 30, second changes
3rd 42 the second import 33 then with First Heat Exchanger 30 of outlet of hot device 40 is connected together to second servo loop.
That is, heat caused by reactor core 20 can be passed by the first loop between First Heat Exchanger 30 and reactor core 20
First Heat Exchanger 30 is handed to, then can be by second servo loop by First Heat Exchanger between the second heat exchanger 40 and First Heat Exchanger 30
30 heat transfers received give the second heat exchanger 40.It is connected simultaneously by tertiary circuit between heating network 43 and the second heat exchanger 40
And can be by the heat transfer that the second heat exchanger 40 receives to heating network 43, heating network 43 can be conventional heating system, example
Such as municipal heating system, the heat supply of reactor is achieved in.
By setting First Heat Exchanger 30, heat caused by reactor core 20 between the heat exchanger 40 of reactor vessel 10 and second
By multistage circuit transmission to heating network 43, radioactive pollution can be eliminated.
Wherein it should be noted that because the pressure adjustable in the first loop is extremely more slightly higher than environmental pressure, make reactor
Core 20 is in the higher environment of pressure and run, thus can the reactor core 20 be referred to as minute-pressure reactor, it is anti-using minute-pressure
The heating system for answering heap is dry type heat reactor.
Thus, dry type reactor heating system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention, held by the way that reactor core 20 is located at into reactor
In device 10, compared with the pool heat reactor that directly reactor core 20 is immersed in pond, the pressure of the first loop working medium is higher,
The heating parameter of dry type reactor heating system 100 can be effectively improved, in addition, the coal heating mode phase with traditional heat supply
Than the fuel of heat supply expense of dry type reactor heating system 100 is few, and heat cost is low, great economic benefit, and zero-emission can be achieved
Put, and heating efficiency is significantly larger than coal-burning boiler, and its peak regulation adaptability is stronger, and heat caused by reactor core 20 passes through
Multistage circuit transmission can eliminate radioactive pollution to heating network 43.
According to one embodiment of present invention, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes：Heat-exchanging water tank 54 and passive
Afterheat heat exchanger 50, passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 are located in heat-exchanging water tank 54, the loop of passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 and first
It is connected with least one loop in second servo loop to hand over the waste heat heat at least one loop when accident occurs for reactor
Change in heat-exchanging water tank 54.
In other words, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes heat-exchanging water tank 54 and passive residual heat heat exchanger 50, its
In, passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 is arranged in heat-exchanging water tank 54 to export the heat in passive residual heat heat exchanger 50, i.e., dry
Formula reactor heating system 100 also includes the heat-exchanging water tank 54 to be exchanged heat with passive residual heat heat exchanger 50, passive residual heat
Heat exchanger 50 is positioned in heat-exchanging water tank 54, and there is passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 the 4th import 51 and the 4th to export the 52, the 4th
Import 51 is located between second outlet 34 and triple feed inlet 41, the 4th outlet 52 be located at the second import 33 and the 3rd outlet 42 it
Between, passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 is located between First Heat Exchanger 30 and the second heat exchanger 40 and connected with second servo loop, non-
Active afterheat heat exchanger 50 has the 4th import 51 and the 4th outlet 52, wherein, the 4th import 51 and second outlet 34 and the 3rd
Pipeline connection between import 41, the pipeline connection between the 4th outlet 52 and the second import 33 and the 3rd outlet 42, in accident
After generation, passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 connects with second servo loop, is absorbed to after the decay heat for coming from reactor core 20, passive
The water that afterheat heat exchanger 50 can be transferred heat in heat-exchanging water tank 54, realize the heat dissipation of reactor core 20.
Further, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes the first isolating valve 53, and the first isolating valve 53 is located at non-energy
On dynamic pipeline between afterheat heat exchanger 50 and at least one loop, the first isolating valve 53 closed in normal reactor operation and
Opened when accident occurs for reactor.First isolating valve 53 is then located at the second outlet 34 and passive residual heat of First Heat Exchanger 30
Between 4th import 51 of heat exchanger 50, the first isolating valve 53 is closed in 20 normal operation of reactor core, and in heap
Core 20 is opened when breaking down, and passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 connects with second servo loop, will be hot caused by reactor core 20
Amount passes to passive residual heat heat exchanger 50, is absorbed to after the decay heat for coming from reactor core 20, passive residual heat heat exchanger 50
The water transferred heat in heat-exchanging water tank 54, and then realize the heat dissipation of reactor core 20.
In this application, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes external heat exchanger 80, and external heat exchanger 80 is located at peace
Outside full shell 70, external heat exchanger 80 is connected with heat-exchanging water tank 54 to export the heat in heat-exchanging water tank 54.
It is understood that one of external heat exchanger 80 and the part of dry type reactor heating system 100, the 3rd
Heat exchanger is located at the outside of containment 70, and external heat exchanger 80 is connected to form passive sky with heat-exchanging water tank 54 by connecting pipe
Cooling system, when accident occurs, passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 absorbs the decay heat for coming from reactor core 20, transfers heat to and changes
Water in boiler 54, realizes the heat dissipation of reactor core 20, and external heat exchanger 80 can be further by the warm in heat-exchanging water tank 54
Amount discharge.
Alternatively, heat-exchanging water tank 54 and passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 are located in containment 70, and external heat exchanger 80 is sky
Cooler, confined space 71, reactor vessel 10, First Heat Exchanger 30, the second heat exchanger 40, heat-exchanging water are defined in containment 70
Case 54 and passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 are respectively provided in confined space 71, it is preferable that external heat exchanger 80 is air cooler, empty
Cooler is connected to form passive air cooling system with heat-exchanging water tank 54 by connecting pipe, to realize the heat in heat-exchanging water tank 54
Discharge.
It should be further stated that air cooler is located at outside containment 70, connecting pipe is through containment 70 and keeps pacifying
The sealing of full shell 70, using air as ultimate heat sink, realizes the heat exchange of water and air in heat-exchanging water tank 54, without time limit heat exchanging
Water is cooled down in water tank 54.After the coolant-temperature gage in heat-exchanging water tank 54, which rises, reaches a high temperature predetermined value, passive air cooling system
It will start, and form flowing under buoyancy lift driving after fluid heating in heat-exchanging water tank 54, hot fluid rises to outdoor air cooling device
Interior, under air cooling, density rises, and is flowed back under density contrast effect in heat-exchanging water tank 54, constantly reciprocation cycle, will decay
Heat is endlessly discharged in environment.
In certain specific embodiments of the invention, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes：Water tank heat derives
Loop voltage-stablizer 90, water tank heat derives loop voltage-stablizer 90 are connected to the pipeline between external heat exchanger 80 and heat-exchanging water tank 54
On, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes water tank heat derives loop voltage-stablizer 90, positioned at external heat exchanger 80 and heat exchange
On pipeline between water tank 54, water tank heat derives loop voltage-stablizer 90 is connected with connecting pipe, can be to passive air cooling system
The pressure of system is adjusted, and keeps the pressure stability of passive air cooling system, and voltage-stablizer also can be heated and sprayed by electric heater
The spray for drenching device adjusts voltage-stablizer internal pressure.
Advantageously, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes built-in heat exchanger 60, and built-in heat exchanger 60 is located at heat-exchanging water
In case 54, external heat exchanger 80 is connected with built-in heat exchanger 60, i.e., built-in heat exchanger 60 is located in heat-exchanging water tank 54, external heat exchange
Device 80 is attached by pipeline and built-in heat exchanger 60, when the coolant-temperature gage in heat-exchanging water tank 54 rises the predetermined value that reaches a high temperature
Afterwards, passive air cooling system will start, and in heat-exchanging water tank 54 after fluid heating under the driving of buoyancy lift, hot fluid, which rises to, to be reached
In outdoor air cooling device, under air cooling effect, density rises, and fluid is flowed back in heat-exchanging water tank 54 under density contrast effect
Heat exchanger 60 is put, so goes round and begins again to form circulation, decay heat is endlessly exported in environment, discharges heat-exchanging water tank 54
Interior heat.
Alternatively, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes：Low pressure pacifies water injection pipe, and low pressure peace water injection pipe, which is connected to, to be changed
Between boiler 54 and reactor vessel 10, low pressure peace water injection pipe is provided with water injection valve, and water injection valve is in normal reactor operation
Close, water injection valve is opened when the pressure that reactor occurs in accident and reactor vessel 10 is less than the pressure in heat-exchanging water tank 54
So that the water in heat-exchanging water tank 54 is injected into reactor vessel 10.
Dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes low pressure peace water injection pipe, positioned at heat-exchanging water tank 54 and reactor vessel 10
Between, water injection valve is arranged on low pressure peace water injection pipe, and water injection valve remains off in normal reactor operation, reactor hair
Make trouble thus when, when the pressure in reactor vessel 10 is less than pressure in heat-exchanging water tank 54, water injection valve is opened, and allows heat-exchanging water tank
Water in 54 is flowed into reactor vessel 10, ensures the normal operation of dry type reactor heating system 100.
According to one embodiment of present invention, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes：Primary Ioops voltage-stablizer 91 and two
Loop voltage-stablizer 92, primary Ioops voltage-stablizer 91 are located on the first loop, for adjusting the pressure in the first loop, secondary circuit voltage stabilizing
Device 92 is located on second servo loop, for adjusting the pressure in second servo loop.
Preferably, dry type reactor heating system 100 also includes primary Ioops voltage-stablizer 91 and secondary circuit voltage-stablizer 92, one time
Road voltage-stablizer 91 is connected on the pipeline between reactor vessel 10 and First Heat Exchanger 30, i.e., primary Ioops voltage-stablizer 91 is located at appearance
Device outlet 22 and first pressure in the first loop is adjusted between import 31, prevent the first loop hypertonia or
Too low, secondary circuit voltage-stablizer 92 is connected on the pipeline between the heat exchanger 40 of First Heat Exchanger 30 and second, i.e. secondary circuit voltage stabilizing
Device 92 is located between second outlet 34 and triple feed inlet 41 and the pressure of second servo loop is adjusted, and prevents the pressure of second servo loop
It is too high or too low.
Advantageously, the pressure in second servo loop is more than the pressure in the first loop, i.e., pressure in second servo loop is higher than the
Pressure in primary Ioops, when accident conditions occurs, nuclear pollution caused by the first loop will not leak into second servo loop,
It in order to avoid polluted to the water of second servo loop, ensure that pollution-free in second servo loop, and the first circuit system can be with pressurization
State is run, and heating parameter is higher, is ensured by secondary circuit voltage-stablizer 92 and the regulation of primary Ioops voltage-stablizer 91 in second servo loop
The pressure being higher than to pressure stability in the first loop, ensure the water "dead" pollution of second servo loop, in addition, second servo loop is simultaneously
Additional hot trap effect is played, under some accident conditionses, the waste heat of reactor core 20 in reactor vessel 10 can be partly discharged, avoid
The waste of waste heat, save the energy.
Furthermore dry type heat reactor body construction is by reactor vessel 10, reactor core 20, in-pile component and control rod driving
Mechanism etc. forms, and reactor core 20 is located in reactor vessel 10, with the reactor core 20 of reactor vessel 10 directly is immersed in into pond
In pool heat reactor compare, the pressure adjustable section of the first loop working medium obtains higher, its heating parameter is increased, instead
The upper and lower part of reactor core 20 of heap container 10 is answered to be respectively equipped with chamber 11, CRDM is located at the top of reactor core 20.
Alternatively, the pressure in the first loop is the minute-pressure of 1.5-20 standard atmospheric pressure.Further, in the first loop
Pressure be 5-12 standard atmospheric pressure.Advantageously, the pressure in the first loop is 6-9 standard atmospheric pressure.
The determination of the operational factor of dry type heat reactor is the technology according to design and user terminal (heating network 43)
It is required that what balance solidification obtained.Too low operating pressure (being less than 1.5 atmospheric pressure) can cause the outlet of dry type heat reactor to be asked
Inscribe too low (can only achieve 100 DEG C or so), the temperature is difficult to adapt to demand (the large-scale heat supply network return water temperature requirement of municipal heating systems
110℃).Although too high pressure can greatly improve the outlet temperature of reactor core 20, (for example presurized water reactor can reach 150
Individual atm higher, outlet temperature can reach more than 310 DEG C), but high pressure can bring cost to be significantly increased, system complex and
The problems such as dry type heat reactor security is greatly reduced.According to optimization design, the optimum pressure section of dry type heat reactor is
Between 5-12 standard atmospheric pressure, the operating pressure scope, can be with the premise of ensureing that dry type heat reactor is inherently safe
Realize the demand of large-scale heat supply network (more than 120 DEG C of heat supply temperature) and part industrial heating.Such as dry type heat reactor design side
Case uses 6 atmospheric pressure (in the range of 6-9 standard atmospheric pressure), and the system outlet temperature fully meets large-scale heat up to 120 DEG C
Network technology requirement, while economy and security have been taken into account well, it is a prioritization scheme dedicated for resident's heat supply.
Wherein it should be noted that minute-pressure is the pressure of coolant or the pressure of container outlet 22 in the first loop
Power, because reactor core 20 to that can produce a certain amount of pressure loss, the pressure of container outlet 22 between container outlet 22 is slightly less than reactor core
Pressure at 20.
Sum it up, dry type reactor heating system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention, structure is relatively simple, initial to throw
Provide relatively low, the characteristic of its low temperature minute-pressure makes it possess the condition for reducing equipment safety rank, advantageously reduces equipment manufacturing cost.And
Dry type reactor heating system 100 has security performance height, modularization construction, good economy performance, low-activity discharge, heating parameter
The advantages that high, the purposes such as refrigeration, desalinization are also provided simultaneously with the basis of heat supply.
1 specifically describe dry type reactor heating system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Specifically, dry type reactor heating system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention is by three circulation loops and safety
System composition, the first loop is coolant circuit, using cooling agent as carrier, the disintegration energy of reactor core 20 is effectively exported, second servo loop is
Radioactivity isolated loop, while play a part of additional hot trap, tertiary circuit is heat supplying loop, is connected with thermal source user's pipe network,
Security system is connected with second servo loop, there is provided ultimate heat sink.
Coolant circuit is mainly made up of reaction reator body and reactor coolant loop.Reactor body construction is then by anti-
Answer heap container 10, reactor core 20, the composition such as in-pile component and CRDM.Reactor core 20 is located in reactor vessel 10, with
The pool reactor directly reactor core 20 being immersed in pond is compared, and the pressure of working medium is higher in the first loop, makes it
Heating parameter increases.The upper and lower part of reactor core 20 is respectively equipped with chamber 11, and CRDM is positioned at reaction
The top of heap reactor core 20.
Reactor coolant loop is made up of several loops, each loop by First Heat Exchanger 30 primary side, first
The composition such as circulating pump pump and related pipeline, valve.The inlet pipeline of reactor core 20 is connected to the bottom of reactor vessel 10, also
It is to say, the lower chambers of reactor core 20 are connected with several cold pipes.The outlet conduit of reactor core 20 is connected to the upper of reactor vessel 10
Portion, that is to say, that the upper chamber of reactor core 20 is connected with several heat pipes.Reactor coolant loop is additionally provided with primary Ioops voltage stabilizing
Device 91, the internal pressure of primary Ioops voltage-stablizer 91 is adjusted by the spray of electric heater heating and spray thrower.
Dry type reactor heating system 100 is provided with second servo loop, and coolant circuit is connected with municipal heating systems.Second servo loop
It is made up of several loops, each loop is by the secondary side of First Heat Exchanger 30, the primary side of the second heat exchanger 40, second circulation
Pump, secondary circuit voltage-stablizer 92 and corresponding pipeline, valve composition.Second servo loop is by reactor coolant loop and city heat supply
Pipeline is isolated, and ensure that under any accident operating mode, will not carry out radioactive pollution to the heating net belt in city.And in second servo loop
The pressure of working medium is slightly above the first loop, and under accident conditions, the cooling agent in the first loop will not leak to second servo loop,
In order to avoid radioactive pollution is caused to the working medium of second servo loop；Second servo loop plays additional hot trap effect simultaneously, in some accident works
Under condition, the waste heat of reactor core 20 can be partly exported.
Dry type reactor heating system 100 is additionally provided with tertiary circuit, is connected with the heating network in city.Tertiary circuit by
One or several loops form, and each loop is by the secondary side of the second heat exchanger 40, constant pressure pump, the 3rd circulating pump and corresponding
Pipeline, valve composition.
The security system of dry type reactor heating system 100 mainly includes passive secondary side residual heat removal system and non-energy
Dynamic air cooling system.Passive secondary side residual heat removal system is isolated by passive residual heat heat exchanger 50, residual heat removal system first
Valve 53, heat-exchanging water tank 54 and connecting pipe composition.After accident generation, it is connected to First Heat Exchanger 30 and exports and passive residual heat
The first isolating valve of residual heat removal system 53 on the inlet duct of heat exchanger 50 is opened, passive residual heat heat exchanger 50 and second servo loop
Connection, the decay heat of reactor core 20 is exported to the opposite side of passive residual heat heat exchanger 50, i.e. water in heat-exchanging water tank 54.
Passive air cooling system mainly includes containment 70, air cooler, heat-exchanging water tank 54 and connecting pipe, valve.Air cooling
Device is located at outside containment 70, and connecting pipe is through containment 70 and keeps the sealing of containment 70, using air as ultimate heat sink,
The heat exchange of water and air in heat-exchanging water tank 54 is realized, water in boiler 54 is exchanged without time limit and is cooled down.When heat-exchanging water tank 54
After interior coolant-temperature gage rises the setting valve that reaches a high temperature, passive air cooling system will start, floating after fluid heating in the circulatory system
Under lift driving, hot fluid is risen in outdoor air cooling device, and under air cooling, density rises, and is flowed back under density contrast effect
Heat-exchanging water tank 54, so go round and begin again to form circulation, decay heat is endlessly exported in environment.
The pressure of working medium is slightly above the first loop in second servo loop, and under accident conditions, the cooling agent in the first loop will not
Leaked to second servo loop, in order to avoid the working medium of second servo loop is polluted.And the first circuit system can be with the shape that pressurizes
State is run, and heating parameter is higher.Passive residual heat removal system and passive air cooling system, have been effectively ensured under accident
Reactor core 20 cool down.Compared with traditional PWR nuclear power plant, reactor core 20 is simplified and applied in existing power plant using without boron scheme
Change hold system, simplify operation technological process.
Thus, dry type reactor heating system 100 uses passive air cooling system, and circulation is formed under density contrast effect,
Decay heat is endlessly exported in environment, safety guarantee does not have time restriction.The low pressure of reactor coolant loop is low
Warm operation characteristic, the passive feature of security system so that the design is able to ensure that reactor is inherently safe, actually eliminates
The failure risk of reactor core 20.
Compared with the coal heating mode of traditional heat supply, the fuel of heat supply expense of dry type reactor heating system 100 is few, heat supply
Cost is low, great economic benefit；Zero-emission can be achieved；And heating efficiency is significantly larger than coal-burning boiler, its peak regulation adaptability
It is stronger.Temperature, the pressure of cooling agent are relatively low in dry type reactor heating system 100, when reacting heap major loop breakage, no
Cause to cause reactor core 20 exposed because cooling agent is largely lost in and evaporated.The characteristic of low temperature minute-pressure, which possesses it, reduces equipment safety level
Other condition, advantageously reduces equipment manufacturing cost.
In addition, the system has fuel pellet, fuel can, main coolant loop border, the radioactivity of containment 70 4
Barrier, and reactor and thermal source user be by one, secondary circuit border dual resisteance, reduce to greatest extent normal operation and
Threat of the radioactivity release to surrounding resident and thermal source user under accident so that process heat reactor, which is arranged in dense population areas, nearby to be turned into
May.
Other of dry type reactor heating system 100 according to embodiments of the present invention are formed and operated for this area
It is knowable for those of ordinary skill, is not described in detail herein.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom " " interior ", " outer ", " up time
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as pin ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumference " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or
Position relationship, it is for only for ease of and describes the present invention and simplify description, rather than indicates or imply that signified device or element must
There must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance
Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the invention, " multiple " are meant that at least two, such as two, three
It is individual etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or integrally；Can be that machinery connects
Connect or electrically connect or can communicate each other；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be with
It is connection or the interaction relationship of two elements of two element internals, is limited unless otherwise clear and definite.For this area
For those of ordinary skill, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description
Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be with office
Combined in an appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, in the case of not conflicting, the skill of this area
Art personnel can be tied the different embodiments or example and the feature of different embodiments or example described in this specification
Close and combine.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changed, replacing and modification.
Claims (13)
- A kind of 1. dry type reactor heating system, it is characterised in that including：Containment；Reactor vessel, the reactor vessel is interior to have chamber, and the chamber has vessel inlet and container outlet, described anti- Heap container is answered to be located in the containment；Reactor core, the reactor core are located in the chamber；First Heat Exchanger, the First Heat Exchanger are located in the containment, the First Heat Exchanger and the reactor vessel Vessel inlet and container outlet be connected together to closing the first loop；Second heat exchanger, second heat exchanger be located in the containment or the containment outside, second heat exchanger with The First Heat Exchanger is connected together to the second servo loop of closing；Heating network, the heating network are connected together to tertiary circuit with second heat exchanger.
- 2. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：Heat-exchanging water tank；Passive residual heat heat exchanger, the passive residual heat heat exchanger are located in the heat-exchanging water tank, and the passive residual heat changes Hot device is connected with least one loop in first loop and the second servo loop with when accident occurs for the reactor By in the waste heat heat exchange at least one loop to the heat-exchanging water tank.
- 3. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include：First isolating valve, first isolating valve are located between the passive residual heat heat exchanger and at least one loop On pipeline, first isolating valve is closed in the normal reactor operation and opened when accident occurs for the reactor.
- 4. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described also including external heat exchanger External heat exchanger is located at outside the containment, and the external heat exchanger is connected with the heat-exchanging water tank to export the heat-exchanging water tank Interior heat.
- 5. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the heat-exchanging water tank and the non-energy Dynamic afterheat heat exchanger is located in the containment, and the external heat exchanger is air cooler.
- 6. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that also include：Water tank heat derives are returned Road voltage-stablizer, the water tank heat derives loop voltage-stablizer are connected to the pipe between the external heat exchanger and the heat-exchanging water tank Lu Shang.
- 7. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described also including built-in heat exchanger Built-in heat exchanger is located in the heat-exchanging water tank, and the external heat exchanger is connected with the built-in heat exchanger.
- 8. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also include：Low pressure pacifies water injection pipe, institute State low pressure peace water injection pipe to be connected between the heat-exchanging water tank and the reactor vessel, the low pressure peace water injection pipe is provided with note Water valve, the water injection valve are closed in the normal reactor operation, and in the reactor accident and institute occur for the water injection valve State when the pressure in reactor vessel is less than the pressure in the heat-exchanging water tank and open so that the water in the heat-exchanging water tank to be injected Into the reactor vessel.
- 9. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：Primary Ioops voltage-stablizer and Secondary circuit voltage-stablizer, the primary Ioops voltage-stablizer are located on first loop, for adjusting the pressure in first loop, The secondary circuit voltage-stablizer is located on the second servo loop, for adjusting the pressure in the second servo loop.
- 10. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure in the second servo loop More than the pressure in first loop.
- 11. the dry type reactor heating system according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that described first time Pressure in road is the minute-pressure of 1.5-20 standard atmospheric pressure.
- 12. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the pressure in first loop For 5-12 standard atmospheric pressure.
- 13. dry type reactor heating system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the pressure in first loop For 6-9 standard atmospheric pressure.
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| CN2016205646823 | 2016-06-13 | ||
| CN201610422796 | 2016-06-13 | ||
| CN2016104227969 | 2016-06-13 | ||
| CN201620564682 | 2016-06-13 |
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| CN201621091273.2U Active CN206210417U (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2016-09-28 | Dry type reactor heating system |
| CN201610862609.9A Active CN107492400B (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2016-09-28 | Dry reactor heating system |
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| CN201621091273.2U Active CN206210417U (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2016-09-28 | Dry type reactor heating system |
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| CN116110623A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-05-12 | 国科中子能(青岛)研究院有限公司 | Ultra-compact reactor system |
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| CN206210416U (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-05-31 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Dry type heat reactor |
| CN109405032B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2024-03-19 | 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Nuclear power station waste heat supply system |
| CN108443850A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 何满潮 | Waste heat collection and utilization system for underground neutron energy power station |
| CN108417282A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-08-17 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of loop structure of reactor circuit and a kind of low-temperature heat supply reactor with the reactor circuit |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN206210417U (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN107492400B (en) | 2023-11-03 |
| CN206210416U (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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