JPS58137527A - Surface finishing method by electrolytic compound processing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform high-grade surface finishing work in a short time by giving a vibration in the direction perpendicular to the pressing direction of a grinding grain material in compound work of electrolytic processing and grinding work. CONSTITUTION:D.C. voltage is applied to an electrode 1 and a conductive workpiece 3, and electrolytic processing is performed through electrolyte such as sodium nitrate aqueous solution and the like. Further, a surface finishing work is performed through a compound work owing to composition of electrolytic processing and grinding work by a grinding grain material 2, which is a viscous and elastic body such as urethane sponge and the like holding grinding grains. Compound work is performed through vibrating the electrode 1 in the direction B perpendicular to the pressing direction A of the electrode 1 against the workpiece 3. Thus, high-grade surface finishing work in a short time can be achieved

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a surface finishing method using electrolytic composite processing, particularly to improving processing speed.

Recently, many so-called electrolytic composite processing methods have been implemented, which use a combination of metal elution from the surface of processed metals through electrolytic reactions and mechanical grinding using abrasive grains to finish the surface quickly and with high quality.

In this method, when the processed surface is a flat surface, for example, as shown in the side view in Figure 1-1, an electrode (1
The abrasive grain material (2) attached to the lower surface of ) is provided in contact with the processed surface of the conductive workpiece (5) that is rotated in the direction of the arrow in the figure, and the electrode (1) is used as the cathode and the workpiece (5) is used as an anode, and while flowing the electrolyte (5) from the nozzle (4), a hole (1
(b) may be provided as a nozzle), and is carried out in the following manner. That is, first, by applying a low voltage, the spear 2 fc
After forming a passivation film (6) by electrolytic treatment as shown in the cross-sectional side view shown in Fig. 2 (1)), the surface is abraded with an abrasive grain material (2), as shown in Fig. 2 (1)) K. The passivating film (6) is removed and the metal surface is serrated at the projections (7). Then, by increasing the voltage and concentrating the current on the exposed metal parts, the metal is eluted and the protrusion (7) is smoothed.
Then, the above series of operations are repeated to process the surface as shown in Fig. 2 (C).

Unlike conventional mechanical grinding methods, this method requires many steps such as rough machining, intermediate machining, and cleaning.
It is possible to achieve a surface roughness of approximately 0005 to 10 μm Rmox, which does not have so-called high-frequency components, without requiring high-precision processing equipment, and it is easy to implement on your own, which is essential for mass production. It has various advantages that cannot be obtained by mechanical grinding methods.

In particular, as an abrasive grain material (2), instead of the conventional hard material made by hardening abrasive grains with a binder, a viscoelastic material, such as a nonwoven fabric such as an insulating and water-permeable urethane sponge, can be used. When using a non-woven fabric with abrasive grains or a non-woven fabric of an appropriate thickness with abrasive grains glued to one side, the abrasive material (2
) makes it easy to set the pressing pressure and finely adjust the electrode gap length.
Moreover, by absorbing vibrations such as disturbances by viscoelastic abrasive grains,
It is possible to prevent vibrations from reaching the finished surface and creating large periodic waviness on the machined surface. Therefore, a higher quality surface finish can be achieved with simpler operations than conventional electrolytic composite processing.

The present invention is intended to enable grinding of a passivated film using an abrasive grain material at high speed and in a short time in the conventional electrolytic composite machining and the improved electrolytic composite machining using a viscoelastic abrasive material as described above. This improves productivity, and also reduces the number of directions of grinding, making it possible to perform even higher quality machining. Next, the details will be explained using the drawings.

Figure 16 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention (the same reference numerals as in Figure 1 (1) indicate equivalent parts 4+), in which △ is an electrode, (2) is a viscoelastic abrasive material, This can be done by fixing the abrasive material to the tip with adhesive so as not to impede its water permeability, or by rolling a strip of abrasive material so that new abrasive material can be placed on the processing surface at the appropriate time. 6 (5
) is a conductive workpiece, (4) is a nozzle, (5) is an electrolyte,
(8) is an excitation device, for example, an electromagnetic solenoid (8b) excited by an oscillator (8a) whose oscillation frequency and output voltage are variable is used to generate a , and generate vibrations with a predetermined constant frequency and amplitude in a direction that intersects with the direction of pressure applied to the abrasive grain material (2) by the support (1α) (indicated by the arrow in the figure), for example, in a direction perpendicular to (in the direction of arrow B in the figure).
As 8), a known vibration source may be used, such as a mechanical type driven by an electric motor or an oscillation type using air cutoff.

The feature of the present invention is that the above-mentioned vibrating device (8) applies orderly vibrations with a constant amplitude and frequency in a direction perpendicular to the pressing pressure of the abrasive grain material (2), and Orthogonal to this, that is, the workpiece (3
) in such a way that a rubbing force is applied parallel to the surface.

In this way, the abrasive force by the abrasive grain material (2) can be made larger than before, so the passivation film (6) can be quickly removed, and metal elution at the removal protrusion can be prevented. The processing time can be shortened, processing speed can be improved, and production efficiency can be increased. In addition, according to the present invention, abrasive grains are used in three different directions to perform abrasion due to the rotation of the workpiece (5) and the vibration amplitude perpendicular to the rotation. Therefore, the amount of grinding can be increased compared to unidirectional abrasion due to only the rotation of the workpiece (3), and the consumption of abrasive grains can be reduced accordingly. Furthermore, in the present invention, since grinding is performed in one direction using the workpiece (5) and grinding is performed using vibration perpendicular to this direction, the directionality can be reduced compared to the conventional method. Therefore, according to the present invention, high quality surface finishing can be achieved while increasing productivity.

Using a viscoelastic abrasive material made of urethane sponge impregnated with abrasive grains, we finished the surface of an aluminum material under the conditions shown in Table 1 below. , 0.005 to 10 μm Rmax surface roughness state could be achieved.

Figure 1 and Figure 4 are examples of delivered results in which the condition of the machined surface was measured by surface roughness. I found out that I can get it. Also, no influence of vibration from the vibration device was observed. Figure 5 shows the finished surface obtained by superfinishing and is shown for reference.

The present invention has been explained above by taking as an example the case where the machined surface is a flat surface, but when the machined surface is a curved surface, the workpiece (3) is rotated in the direction of the arrow in the figure, as shown in the embodiment diagram shown in Figure 6. However, while the abrasive grain material (2) provided with the electrode (1) is in contact with this surface, vibration in a direction perpendicular to the pressing pressure direction may be applied using the vibration excitation device (8).

As is clear from the above explanation, the present invention provides excellent advantages such as shortening the surface finishing time by electrolytic composite processing and improving production efficiency, and has significant practical effects. Hey.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are explanatory diagrams and processing process diagrams of the electrolytic composite device, Fig. 5 and Fig. 4 are diagrams showing one embodiment of the present invention and an example of its processing, and Fig. 5 is processing by super finishing. A diagram showing an example, FIG. 16, is an explanatory diagram of a processing device when the processing surface is a curved surface. (1)...electrode, (2)...abrasive material, (3)...
...Workpiece, (4)...Nozzle, (5)...Electrolyte, (6)...Passivation film, (7)...Protrusion,
(8)... Vibration device. Patent applicant Shindengen Kogyo Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Otsuka 1 person from outside the university

Claims (1)

[Claims] A surface finishing method using electrolytic composite machining, which is characterized by applying vibration in a direction intersecting the direction of action of pressing pressure of abrasive grain material.