JPS58135379A - Rotor blade for wind-force turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the depiction of blades for wind turbine rotors intended for use in wind turbines.

Wind turbines are becoming increasingly important as a power source.

In order to generate sufficient power, the rotor brake 1 must be large and must offer a large surface 71' to the wind. For example, a large wind turbine is approximately 3. It can have a diameter of Il meter (/20 ft) and the blade weighs approximately 7 g. It can have a length of 2 meters (20 feet). Play 1? Approximately 2. II from 2 meters (g feet) to the tip of the blade. It can have a width tapered to 2 feet. Blades typically have a twist about a radial axis.

Such blades should preferably be rigid and have sufficient fracture strength and fatigue strength for the intended use. The size of such rotor boards is such that the cost of construction materials is an important factor. Furthermore, the assembly effort of different subassemblies of different materials can also be important.

iqgo September 51 entitled “Solar Heat Collector Structure”]
N application originating number/g 4',,! 0, r
and radiation reflector structures and its division dated July 20, 2007, 2 g 3.7 qq, a technique for making solar reflectors and reg antennas is described. ing. This technique involves spraying fiber-reinforced concrete, such as glass-fiber-reinforced concrete, onto molds and fabricating reinforced beams by the same technique. A monolithic structure is provided, which has sufficient strength and is more economical than similar structures made of wood, metal, reinforced plastic or a combination thereof.

Mr. Motoide is now developing two-piece bonded beam structures using such spraying techniques.
eam structure-on) is the wind outlet ~
It has been discovered that it can be advantageously used in assembly with Brake 1 for maintenance.

(//) Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, the female mold 10 is shown in cross-section, the ribs being overhanging with material //, which may be, for example, wood, metal or plastic. The material may be carved, molded, or otherwise machined to provide cavities of appropriate geometry and dimensions. As can be seen with reference to FIG.
-3, there is a hub, and 1, there is a tip at the right end.

A suitable release agent, for example a hydrocarbon fluid, is applied to the surface of the mold cavity/2. Then, progressively thicker layers of a concrete or mortar mixture consisting of sand, hydraulic cement, such as Portland cement, and a suitable combination of water are applied. Preferably,
The formulation also contains fibrous reinforcements such as glass fibers, organic U-conjugated fibers such as polypropylene, or fibers commonly used to reinforce composite materials.

This material can be spray coated on the walls of the swimming sol (/L2
) is preferably applied by means of a spray gun of a type well known in the art, such as those used for. It is equipped with a susol that rapidly injects the mortar or concrete mixture and twists the fibers, and a cutting device that cuts the strands into short lengths as the celtal is mixed and blown. The cut fibers are thus forced to mix intimately with the mortar or concrete. Alkali-resistant glass fibers made from zirconia sand can be used and are commercially available under the trade name "Cem-Fil." This results in a layer/3 of the composite phi-concrete monolith.

Now, referring to Figure 3, before layer/3 is cured too much, the male part! 4/lI is placed on the surface of layer/3. The shape of the male member could be polygonal with flared sides, as shown in cross section. However, other shapes may also be used. This mold member can be coated cardboard, wood, metal, plastic, foamed plastic or.

It can be any other suitable material. Preferably, the material is provided with a surface that does not stick to the hardened concrete, or it is provided with a release agent (r) that performs the same function.
release agent), thus,
It can be removed at an appropriate stage, as described below.

However, since this mold member may remain in the structure, 9 it is lI1. It is tapered as shown in FIG. 1 to provide shoulders such as A and /lIB.

Referring to Figure S, another layer 15 of concrete is applied to the male member /'#J-, preferably by the same spraying technique, so that it is continuous with layer /3.

To remove air bubbles, it is preferred to stir layer /3 and stir layer L1 /j before mold part /l is applied. This is done by standard processing methods, in which a suitably shaped perforated form, e.g. rolled out metal, is placed in a concrete layer and an agitator
Alternatively, use a nonoibrator to vibrate the perforated foam. The function of the agitation combined with the perforated foam is to bring the short length of fiber into intimate contact with the concrete and also to remove air bubbles so that no significant voids are left in the fiber concrete layer. .

Referring now to FIG. 3, mold members are inserted into both sides of the mold member, and the mold members fit into the cavities on both sides.

The first and second mold portion sides may have the same structure as the mold member/Il. Then a top cover or mold member /7 having an internal surface that is flat except for a downwardly extending semi-circular rib.
is applied. The mold part side /7 is the mold part 1 as shown in Fig. 3.
0 and a partially erected concrete structure G. Mold portions 4'AIB and /7 may be integrated or separate.

Mold members /4' and /B are tapered, and ribs /g allow for the taper of the concrete layer /S, so it is logical that the number of ribs is small in different parts of mold member /7. Good morning. It will also be appreciated that each mold may be made in one piece or in separate parts which are held together by suitable devices such as flanges. tth,
The stages shown in Figures j and 3 take the shape formed by molds /O and /7, so the concrete layers /3 and 75
is also carried out while being sufficiently soft: I”I!
I'm going to get M.

After the appropriate spacing, when the concrete has become sufficiently hard, the structure is removed by removing the top mold part 7.2 and removing the molded structure from the mold cavity 7.2. removed. Mold members /g will be removed by stretching the ribs from the hub end, and mold members /O and /7 will be removed by lifting them. 1-As can be noted, the mold section! A'/ll and mold parts/B may be left in place if they are of inexpensive, disposable construction, such as coated cardboard or foamed plastic. .

This results in a monolithic structure shown at 25 in FIG.
g1 consists of a central portion 32 with flat side surfaces 30 and 37 and an elongated groove 33 separated by a surface 3Il. Surfaces 30.3/3 lie in a similarly twisted plane surface. The torsion determines, for every radial point on the rotor plani P, the optimum angle of attack of the blade section into the airflow.
ck).

Now referring to Section G, surfaces 30.3 and 31 are coated at 33 with an acrylic copolymer/water emulsion or a two part epoxy adhesive such as Aquatapoxy.

Referring now to FIG. 9, a steel reinforcing rod or cable 3 is placed within the groove 33.

Referring to FIG. 10, the second structure 1. ! 5A is shown. Is the kneading structure? Structure except that it is a mirror reflection image of S! Similar to S, it is made in the same way. if,
If the aerodynamic surface t10 of structure 2S is different from the aerodynamic surface tOA of structure 25A, then the mold cavity/,
2 is different for the two structures. The mating surfaces 30.3/ and 31 with the adhesive layer 3S are brought together and pressed, for example in a press, as indicated by the arrow. Tunnel with cavities 2, II3, and IIt
Rotabrae F+Balance I/-2 can be used.

Surface G0 and GOA are water-based acrylic paints, etc.
Treat with waterproofing, sealing agent.

Referring to Fig. 12, which is an exploded view showing the lower and upper parts of the rotor brake i-12, 25 and 2SA, it will be understood that the ends of the rods 3 are truncated; Thus, a washer SO and a nut S/ are provided at the shoulder S3 in order to secure the outer shorter rod 3tA in the blade. A hub plate sIl is provided which is formed with a bolt hole for receiving the threaded end of the rod 3O. Washer St and nut s7
is applied to the protruding threaded end of the rod 3. The hub Sg is provided with a mounting 7 lange S9 with a bolt At0, so that the rotor blade 112 will not be attached to the top of the wind rotor.

A tip plate is provided with similar bolt holes and is bolted to the tip of the blade by a washer and nut applied to the protruding end of the rod 3. The rods are combed in tension, thus placing the concrete structure in compression. As is well known, concrete is resistant to compression. For example, carbon fiber reinforced clean cement (no sand) has a 70'
It exhibits a fatigue strength of l kg/cl (10,0OOpS1) (zero to compression) and is suitable for use in the present invention.

Referring now to FIG. 13, there is shown a complete wind rotor, generally designated by the reference numeral 70.

It has four torpedo generators 7 attached to the top of the tower 7 with a shaft 73, and a rotor 7 attached to the shaft 73. Such a rotor consists of three rotor blades 12. Don't use fewer or more blades either.

Referring to FIG. 11, there is shown a different type of wind rotor, generally designated gO, which has a base,
! i' Consists of 21 shafts g/. The rotor blade g3 is attached to the shaft g/10 by means of a plate 2. Referring to FIG. 14A, seven of the rotor blades 3 are shown. As you can see, it's two halves, jr! ; It is composed of A and gSB, and they are similar. The two halves are joined by adhesive. The reinforcing rods 7 and end plates fl are shown. 5A and gSB are structured in half of rotor brake 1゜! ! ;A and! It is constructed like 5B and joined in the same way.

Refer to Fig. 1Sff (j), which shows a cross section similar to Fig. 10.
It is made up of two halves q/ and q/A joined at 2 and a reinforcing rod q3 placed in tension. Blade qo is small enough that no beams or girders are required.

Referring to Figure 1 O, blade 10 has parts similar to blade II2 in Figure 10 and has the same numbers as L1.
0 is shown, but the reinforcing rods 30 are different and younger.

It will be apparent that new and useful rotor blades and rotor blade components are lacking.

The plays are made of economical materials (composite fibers/concrete) and when they are held in compression by rods or tension members, for the purpose
It has sufficient bending and fatigue strength. The tension member is
It can be a composite fiber/resin construction or a cable. The rods are placed in tension after the rotor blades are formed. Such tension forces the final concrete material into a state of compression, which essentially
Increases the flexural and fatigue strength of concrete materials.

It will be clear that the techniques of the present invention may also be employed to assemble tubular members outside of rotor blades.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the mold structure adopted for this purpose, showing a fragment of the bare mold structure and a fragment of the part in which the rotor blades are fully molded (the normal torsion of the blade mold is not shown). Figures 2 to 3 are lines 2-. of Figure 7 showing the subsequent stages of assembly of the monolithic portion of the rotor blade. Figures 7, 9 and 9 are similar cross-sectional views showing the completion of the assembly operation, and Figure 70 shows the two halves or parts of the rotor blade brought together. , Figure 1/shows the end of the rotor blade (hub end) of Figure 1O with no end plate installed.Figure 7.2 shows the end of the rotor blade (hub end) of Figure 1O with no end plates attached. In an exploded view, Figure 13 is a perspective view of a wind turbine rotor using the rotor blades shown in the preceding figures, and Figure 11 is a perspective view of a different type of wind turbine rotor using vertical rotor blades with an elliptical cross section. In the figures, Fig. 1IIA is a cutaway perspective view of seven of the rotor blades of Fig. 1II, and Fig. 1S is a view similar to Fig. 70, but smaller.
L1 shows a cross section of a rotor blade that does not require beams or 4S girders. Figure 1 O is the same diagram as Figure 70, but reinforcement rod 1:
Indicates that the position of `` is different. 10°゛Female type //... Tori, /2... Cavity, /3
...gradually thickened layer, /G...male member, /S
...Layer, /Otsu, /7...Mold member, 7g...Rep, 2
S... Monolithic structure 11.2 Otsu... ff<g section 1.2
7. ．． 2g...Side cavity, 30.37...Side surface,
32. Central part, 33. ,. Long horizontal groove, 311...Surface, 3O...Steel reinforcement rod 1 or cable, 11O, 11Oa...Aerodynamic surface, 1.2...Single rotor blade body, 113,
ll'4... Cavity S4t... Hub play 1, Sq...
...flange, 70...wind rotor, 72...generator, 73...shaft, 7g...rotor, go...
Wind rotor, g/...shaft, g, l! ...Base, Za 3... Rotor blade, Za 7... Reinforcement Rondo, Wa 0... Rotor brake 1-'', Wa 3... Reinforcement Rotsu I・ゝ. Names of 11 people instead Kawahara 1) -F/G2/IQ FIG 7 FIG 9 FIG 10 FIG // , -9026400

Claims (1)

Claims: (1) A rotor blade component having an aerodynamic surface, characterized in that a thin monolithic composite reinforced concrete forms the body of the component. (2) A rotor blade component according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite reinforcement is in the form of fibers. (3) The rotor blade component according to claim 2, wherein the fibers are short fibers. (4) for the concrete composite forming the L1 aerodynamic surface extending in the longitudinal direction of the part - rock-like;
Rotor blade component according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an internal beam cast in composite fiber/concrete. (5) the part has a second surface opposite the aerodynamic surface, such second surface being a complete rotor brake 1;
(6) A pair of blades. elongated rotor blades formed by parts, each having a first aerodynamic surface and a second surface, the second surfaces being fixed together, each part being monolithic with reinforced concrete; (7) The rotor blade according to claim 6, characterized in that the reinforcement is in the form of fibers. (8) The fibers are short fibers. A rotor brake 1″′ according to claim 7, characterized in that: (9) Each component is formed by an internal beam extending in the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade, and the two beams in the rotor blade are in a face-to-face relationship, with a single beam extending in the longitudinal direction of the rotor blade. 4. The rotor blade according to claim 3, wherein the rotor blade has a single beam, and the beam is of fiber-reinforced concrete structure, and the entire concrete body and the beams of each part are monolithic. 00) The rotor brake according to claim 9, wherein the rotor brake is provided with a reinforcing member in the longitudinal direction. . (11) A rotor blade according to claim 70, characterized in that such longitudinal reinforcing members are in the form of rods in tension. 02) In a method of forming parts of an aerodynamic rotor blade, the following steps: a) providing a female mold with an open mold cavity presenting a surface with the desired aerodynamic shape and morphology; b) applying a thin layer of wet concrete mixture to such surface;
C) removing the resulting concrete structure from the mold after the concrete has hardened. (13) The method according to claim 12, wherein the concrete is reinforced. (3) 04) The method according to claim 73, wherein the reinforcement is in the form of fibers. (15) The method according to claim 73, wherein the fibers are short fibers. 06) The method according to claims 1-2, characterized in that the concrete is applied with a blower. θ7) Tubular. In a method of forming a component of a concrete structure, the steps of: a) providing a female mold with an open mold cavity into which a mold surface having the desired morphology is applied; b) applying wet concrete to such surface. C) Applying a thin layer of the mixture onto the exposed surface of the resulting layer, while it is malleable, extending in the longitudinal direction of the female mold, such that d) Applying a thin layer of wet concrete mix to the MtJI surface of such male mold, protruding from a thin layer of concrete; The thin layer applied in step (b) is thus applied to the surface of the mold. forming a concrete structure; and e) removing the resulting monolithic structure from the mold after hardening. 09) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete is reinforced with fibers. (c) The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the fibers are short fibers.Ql) The mold surface of the female mold is shaped so as to form the aerodynamic surface of the rotor blade 19. A method according to claim 19, characterized in that the method for forming a tubular concrete structure comprises: a) forming it into the desired form; forming a first tubular element by applying a thin layer of wet concrete mixture to the mold cavity of the female mold having a mold surface that is in contact with the female mold and forming providing a first tubular element having a first surface exposed in the mold and a third surface exposed in the mold; b) curing the layer of concrete; C) then removing the finished tubular element from the mold; d) similarly forming a second tubular element according to steps a), b) and C); and e) combining the two elements. A method characterized in that it comprises the steps of - fixing the elements together so as to form a durable tubular structure together with their second surfaces in contact with the U. (c) The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the concrete layer is applied by spraying. 04) The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the concrete is reinforced with fibers. (2) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibers are short fibers. 24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the method is adapted to: The first tubular element is formed by applying a thin layer of wet concrete to the mold cavity of the female mold having a mold surface that is in contact with the female mold and is shaped. b) providing a first tubular element having a seventh surface that is exposed in the mold and a second surface that is exposed in the mold; (7) C) Applying a thin layer of concrete to the surface of the male mold, such that such layer covers the female mold G. d) allowing the concrete to harden; e) removing the finished tubular element from the female J5; f) likewise step a). , b) shaping the second tubular element by repeating steps C), d) and e); and g) shaping the two tubular elements so that their second surfaces are in contact with each other. A method as described above, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: - straining the elements together so as to hold them together; and fixing the elements together. (c) Claim No. 1, characterized in that the concrete layer is applied by blowing + J! The method described in Section 7. (29) Claims characterized in that the concrete is reinforced with fibers, No. 2 g J
The method described in T., i. 01 The fiber is a short fiber (g
) The method according to claim 29. H stages a) and b) result in a second surface that is planar and are applied to the seventh and second segments formed by the edges of the first layer of concrete and to the male mold. forming a third segment formed by the two-part surface of the layer of concrete, and before the concrete hardens, a longitudinal groove is formed in the third segment to Place elongated reinforcing members in the grooves and embed them by means of two silk grooves, fit the other element over such members, add end plates, tension the rods, and insert the two 28. A method according to claim 27, characterized in that the method comprises the step of fixing the element.
30. A method according to claim 29, characterized in that it is applied to form an aerodynamic surface of.