JPS58133543A - Hot water supply device for air conditioning - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to perfomer a comfortable air conditioning operation and to supply hot water of a sufficiently high temperature by a method wherein the air conditioning operation of a heat pump is performed by controlling the capacity of the heat pump in proportion to the air conditioning load applied on the pump while the hot water supply operation of the heat pump is performed without controlling the capacity of the pump. CONSTITUTION:A circulation pump 3 circulates the hot water obtained by the heat pump 1 through a supply hot water heat exchanger via a supply hot water circuit 7 and also circulates hot water obtained by a service side heat exchanger 13 of the heat pump 1, through a fan coil unit 4. Further, changeover valves 5 and 6 switch selectively the hot water circuit 7 and a cold water circuit 8 such that the circuit 7 is operated at the time of hot water supply while the circuit 8 is operated at the time of cooling operation. In addition, a capacity control means comprising high and low temperature side contacts of a thermostat 10 for heating and high and low temperature side contacts of a thermostat 9 for cooling is provided so that the capacity of the heat pump 1 is controlled in proportion to the amount of load applied on the heat pump at the time of cooling and heating operations while the heat pump is operated to the full capacity by a full capacity operating means comprising the high temperature side contact of the thermostat 10 at the time of hot water supply.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an air-conditioning/heating/water supply system that uses a heat pump device and switches water circuits to supply hot water and perform air conditioning/heating.

Conventionally, a heat pump device connects a compressor, a four-way switching valve, a heat exchanger on the user side, a throttling device, and a heat exchanger on the non-user side in sequence, and supplies cold and hot water through a well-known heat pump cycle. In an air-conditioning and water-heating system that uses a piping-connected hot water tank and a fan coil unit to perform cooling, heating, and hot water supply, the capacity (capacity) of the heat pump device is controlled according to load fluctuations during air-conditioning and heating operation using the fan coil unit. Generally, the heat pump device is equipped with a capacity control means to provide comfortable cooling economically, and the capacity is usually controlled by detecting the condensate temperature of the heat pump device. However, when using an air conditioning/heating water heater equipped with the above-mentioned capacity control means and performing hot water supply operation using a hot water tank, when the hot water temperature in the hot water tank becomes relatively high, the condensate temperature to the heat pump device becomes high. Since the capacity control means mentioned above comes into play, -
The heating capacity of the heat pump device becomes smaller, and the hot water outlet temperature of the heat pump device becomes lower. As a result, the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water tank became low.

This invention was made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides comfortable air conditioning using the capacity control function during cooling/heating operation, and releases the capacity control function during hot water supply operation to supply hot water with a sufficiently high hot water temperature. The purpose is to provide an air conditioning, heating, and hot water supply system that adjusts the temperature.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG.

In FIG. 1, (l) is a heat pump device composed of two mutually independent heat pump cycles, aυ and M are the first and second compressors, respectively, and rabbit and Qη are the heat pumps, respectively. The four-way switching valve No. 1, the second four-way switching valve, and the Akomabi Q9 are the first four-way switching valve, respectively.
of non-use side heat exchanger and second non-use side heat exchanger, α
Hiroomabi (to) is each.

These are a first diaphragm device and a second diaphragm device.

Q1 is a user-side heat exchanger that shares the respective heat pump cycles, and the water circuits of the first heat exchanger (18c) and the second heat exchanger (18d) are connected in parallel, and the water flow is Water is taken in from the inlet (18a), heat exchanged with the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump cycle in the first and second heat exchangers (18c) (18d), and the water is then transferred to the water outlet (18).
b) It is configured to be taken out from the (2) is the user-side heat exchanger Q3 of the heat pump device (1). ! This is a hot water tank that stores hot water obtained by exchanging heat with the hot water supplied by the hot water supply via the hot water heat exchanger (2a), and the makeup water pipe (2b).
), has a hot water outlet pipe (2c), hot water taken in from the make-up water pipe (2b) is heated in the hot water heat exchanger (2a), and used as hot water from the hot water outlet pipe (2c). be done. (3) is a circulation pump installed in the middle of the water circuit, which will be described later, to circulate cold and hot water, and (4) is installed indoors, and the cold and hot water supplied from heat pump device (1) is used to cool and heat the room. It is a fan coil unit. (5) and (6) are a first circuit switching valve and a second circuit switching valve, respectively, which are provided in the middle of the water circuit, which will be described later. When the first circuit switching valve (5) opens, the second circuit When the switching valve (6) is closed, the water circuit is connected to the user-side heat exchanger (to) of the heat pump device (1) and the hot water supply heat exchanger (2a) of the hot water supply tank 12).
) to form a hot water supply circuit (7). In addition, when the first circuit switching valve (5) is closed and the second circuit switching valve (6) is open, the water circuit is connected to the user-side heat exchanger (to) of the heat pump device (1) and the fan coil. It communicates with the unit (4) to form a cold/hot water circuit (3). That is, the hot water supply heat exchanger (2a) and the fan coil unit (4) are connected in parallel with each other, and act selectively depending on the switching of each circuit switching valve f5) (61. are a cooling thermostat and a heating thermostat installed at the water inlet (18a) of the heat pump device (1), respectively, (a) is a hot water thermostat installed in the hot water tank (2), and each of the above thermostats (91QG
together with heat pump device (1) and circulation pump (3)
control the operation of In addition, the above cooling thermostat (
9) Omabi Heating Thermostat Q (I is capable of 2-step temperature adjustment, and can independently control the operation of two independent heat pump cycles. In the figure, the solid line arrow Broken line arrows indicate the refrigerant flow direction during heating operation and cooling operation of the heat pump device (1), respectively, and white arrows and black arrows indicate the water flow direction during hot water supply operation and cooling/heating operation, respectively.

Next, the electric circuit will be explained. In Fig. 2, the electric motors of the first compressor αυ and the second compressor αQ are indicated by (a) and the electric motor of the circulation pump (3), respectively.
(c), gB, - are sequential operation switches, cooling/heating changeover switches, and hot water supply command switches. Niomabi (27a)
are the magnetic contactor coil and its contacts for the first compressor Qη, respectively, (g) and (28a) are the second
The electromagnetic contactor coil for the compressor α0, its contacts, and (29a) and (29b) are the circulation pump (3), respectively.
electromagnetic contactor coil and its contacts.

(to) and (b) are respectively the first circuit switching valves (5)
and an electromagnetic coil of the second circuit switching valve (6), which opens the water circuit when the coil is energized. (To) and (To) are a first four-way switching valve port and a second four-way switching valve port that enable heating operation and cooling operation of the heat pump device (1) by switching the refrigerant flow path in the heat pump device (1). Each of the switching valves αη is a coil, and when energized, the first
The heating operation is performed by switching to the refrigerant flow direction as shown by the solid line arrow in the figure, and the cooling operation is performed by switching to the refrigerant flow direction as shown by the broken line arrow when the power is not energized.

■The supplements (84a) are the auxiliary relay coil for operation command and its contacts, (7) and (85a) (85f).
) are the auxiliary relay coil for hot water supply command and its contacts, and (to) (86a) = (86d) are the auxiliary relay coil for heating operation command and its contacts, respectively.

(b) and (87a) are a thermo-short circuit auxiliary relay coil and its contacts. (to) and ■ are the contacts of the heating thermostat αQ and the cooling thermostat (9), and are the high temperature side contacts (88a) (89a), respectively.
) and low temperature side contacts (88b) (89b). The ring is the contact point of the hot water thermostat (E) installed in the hot water tank (2).

Next, the operation of the air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply apparatus having such a configuration will be explained. First, in summer cooling operation, the cooling/heating selector switch (c) and the hot water supply command switch (7) are open, so the auxiliary relay coil (7) is deenergized.
The contact (85a) is closed, and the contact (85c) is open. Therefore, the first circuit switching valve coil ω is
Since the circuit switching valve coil (2) is energized, the water circuit is connected to the heat pump device' (1), the second circuit switching valve (6),
A hot and cold water circuit (8) is formed which communicates with the fan coil unit (4) and the circulation pump (3). From this state,
When the operation switch is turned on, the auxiliary relay coil
is energized, its contact (a4a) is closed, and its contact (a4a) is closed.
85b) is closed, the pump electromagnetic contactor coil (2) is energized and its contact (29a) is closed, energizing the electric motor 4 of the circulation pump (3), and the circulation pump (3)
starts operation and circulates water in the cold/hot water circuit (83) as shown by the black arrow in Figure 1.On the other hand, the contact (29b) of the magnetic contactor coil (2) for the circulation pump (3) is closed; The contacts (86a) (86b) of the auxiliary relay coil (to) are closed,
Contacts (86c) (86d) # (open), so if the contact - of the cooling thermostat (9) is closed, the electromagnetic contactor coil for the compressor east (to) @ (e) is energized, the contacts (27a) and (28a) are closed, the motors (2) and (2) of the compressor aυaS are energized, and the compressor α1)a* starts operating. Note that since the cooling/heating selector switch (2) and the hot water supply command switch (7) are not turned on, the four-way switching valve coil (to) (2) is in a de-energized state, and the refrigerant flow direction in the heat pump device (11) is in the non-energized state. 1
It will look like the dashed arrow in the figure. In other words, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor aυa and the four-way switching valve Q207
) to the non-use side heat exchanger aSO*, which radiates the latent heat of condensation and becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which is then passed through the expansion device a4 (7).
The pressure is reduced in the heat exchanger (18c) and it becomes a low-pressure liquid refrigerant.
d), which absorbs heat from the water flowing into the user side heat exchanger (2) and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant, causing the four-way switching valve UQ7)
A well-known cooling operation cycle is formed in which the air is returned to the compressor (af) via the air. Then, the user side heat exchanger (2
) cools the water in the cold/hot water circuit (8) and supplies the cold water to the fan coil unit (4) by the circulation pump (3) to cool the room. When the cooling load decreases due to factors such as a decrease in the number of operating fan coil units (4) in the above-mentioned state, the return water temperature of the cold/hot water circuit (8) decreases, and the high temperature side contact (89a) of the cooling thermostat (9) decreases. ) is first opened, the first compressor upper electromagnetic contactor coil is deenergized, the operation of the first compressor east is stopped, and capacity control operation begins. Furthermore, the cooling load is reduced,
When the return path water temperature of the cold/hot water circuit (81) further decreases, the low temperature side contact (89b) of the cooling thermostat (9) opens and the second compressor magnetic contactor coil (T) is deenergized. Then, the operation of the second compressor O is stopped.Then, the operation is maintained in the stopped state until the cooling load increases, and if there is a rise in the return water temperature in the cold/hot water circuit (81) due to the increase in the cooling load, , the contact point - of the cooling thermocut (9) is closed, so the compressor QηQlG starts operating.The order of starting operation is first the second compressor QQ, then the first compressor αυ From then on, the operation of the compressor QIIQ, that is, the heat pump device (1) is controlled according to the load by the cooling thermostat (9) described above.Next, the heating operation in winter will be explained. Since the hot water supply command switch (7) is not turned on, the circuit forms a cold/hot water circuit (8) in which water circulates as shown by the black arrow in Figure 1, just like during cooling operation, and the heat pump device (1) ), the four-way switching valve coils (to) and (to) are energized when the cooling/heating selector switch (to) is turned on, so the four-way switching valve Q2Q''h switches to the heating cycle, and the first The refrigerant flow direction is as shown by the solid arrow in the figure, and the user-side heat exchanger acts as a condenser, so the water led to the user-side heat exchanger circle is heated and becomes hot water, which flows into the fan coil unit (4). Therefore, heating is performed.

In the case of this heating operation, the operation of the heat pump device (1) is controlled by the heating thermostat αG that detects the condensate temperature in the cold/hot water circuit (81). The return order is the opposite of that for cooling operation.

In other words, if the thermostat stops, the heating thermostat)
The low temperature side contact (88b) of the QG and the electromagnetic contactor coil (g) for the second compressor (a) are connected to the high temperature side contact (88a) of the heating thermostat αQ and the electromagnetic contact for the first compressor east. Since the compressor coils are connected in series, the second compressor a6 stops first, and then the first compressor αη. In addition, in the case of thermoreturn, the first compressor αυ is operated, and then the second compressor α@ is operated.

Next, a description will be given of the hot water supply operation when the hot water supply command switch 4 is turned on. When the hot water supply command switch (to) is turned on, the auxiliary relay coil is energized, and its contacts (85a) (8
5b) is open, and contacts (85'c)-(85f) are closed. Therefore, the first circuit switching valve coil (to) is energized, the second circuit switching valve coil 01 is deenergized, and the water circuit is
A hot water supply circuit (7) is formed which communicates the heat pump device's opening), the first circuit switching valve (5), the hot water supply heat exchanger (2a), and the circulation pump (3). In addition, heat pump equipment (1
), the refrigerant flow direction is as shown by the solid arrow in Fig. 1 because the four-way switching valve coil (2) is energized by closing the contact (85e) regardless of the operation of the cooling/heating selector switch (c). direction, thus forming a heating operating cycle. On the other hand, in operation of the heat pump device (11), the auxiliary relay coil (to) is energized, and its contacts (86a) (86b
) is open, and the contacts (86c) and (86d) are closed, so the first compressor 011 is controlled by the high temperature side contact (88a) of the heating thermostat α, and the second compressor Q6 is controlled by the heating thermostat α. Low temperature side contact of thermostat aO (ASB
), auxiliary relay contact (85f) and contact (87a)
Controlled by a series circuit and a parallel circuit. In other words,
In such a water circuit and an air-conditioning/heating/water heater located in the direction of refrigerant flow, the hot water in the hot water supply circuit (7) whose temperature has been raised by the user-side heat exchanger (to) gets stuck in the circulation pump (3) and passes through the hot water heat exchanger. (2a), and this hot water heat exchanger (2a)
The hot water supply operation is performed by raising the temperature of the relatively low temperature hot water in the hot water tank +2). From this state,
Continue to operate the heat pump device (1) and open the hot water tank +
As the water temperature in the hot water supply circuit (7) rises, the condensate temperature to the heat pump device (1) in the hot water supply circuit (7) rises, and the low temperature side contact (88b) of the heating thermostat operates. However, in this case, since the high temperature side contact (88a) of the heating thermostat QG is closed, the auxiliary relay coil is energized, its contact (87a) is closed, and the hot water supply command auxiliary relay contact (85f) is energized. ) is closed, the energized state of the electromagnetic contactor coil (to) for the second compressor QQ is maintained, and the operation of the second compressor Ql continues. Then, when the hot water temperature in the hot water tank (2) further rises, the high temperature side contact (88a) of the heating thermostat (IQ) also opens, and the magnetic contactor coil (b) for the first compressor aη is deenergized. , the electromagnetic contactor coil (g) for the second compressor aQ is also deenergized by the opening of the auxiliary relay contact (87a), so each compressor aηa stops operating at the same time.However, the operation described above The stopped state does not mean that the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank 12) has finished rising, but rather the temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank +2) and the hot water circuit (7).
) The water temperature in the hot water supply circuit + 7) decreases in the water temperature in the hot water heat exchanger (2a) due to the decrease in the heat exchange capacity of the hot water heat exchanger (2a) due to a decrease in the temperature difference between the internal hot water temperature and the internal hot water temperature. This is due to a decrease in the amount. In other words, since the temperature difference between the entrance and exit of the hot water heat exchanger (2a) becomes small, the condensate temperature to the heat pump device (1) becomes relatively high, and the high temperature side contact (88
a) is open, but the circulation pump (3) continues to operate via the hot water supply command auxiliary relay contact (85d) and the hot water supply thermostat contact (a), so the hot water is not heated. The heat exchange in the exchanger (2a) is maintained, and the condensate temperature gradually decreases, and when it drops to a predetermined temperature, the high temperature side contact (88a) of the heating thermostat αO closes again, and each compressor αηa6 starts operating and performs hot water supply operation, and thereafter repeats the operation cycle as described above, and the average temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank (2) gradually increases.Finally, the average temperature of the hot water in the hot water tank (21) increases. When the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature (for example, 50'C), the contact of the hot water supply thermostat (E) opens, so the pump electromagnetic contactor coil wire is deenergized, and its contact (29a) (
29b) is opened, and the circulation pump (3) and each compressor α1
1QG operation will stop completely. Note that the set temperature of the hot water thermostat (E) mentioned above, that is, the hot water tank (2
] The upper limit of the average internal hot water temperature is determined by the hot water temperature at the water outlet (18b) of the user-side heat exchanger □□□.
Generally, the temperature is 2 to 8 inches (m) lower than the temperature of the hot water at the water outlet (18b).

Further, in this invention, the high temperature side contact (88a) of the heating thermostat QQ is also used to control the operation during hot water supply operation, but a dedicated hot water supply thermostat may be separately attached to the user side heat exchanger (13). The same effect can be obtained by using a non-contact temperature detection element such as a thermistor in addition to a thermostat as the temperature detector.Furthermore, in the above embodiment, each of a plurality of independent heat pump cycles was started and stopped to control the capacity, but the Either form a single heat pump cycle with multiple compressors connected in parallel and turn the compressors on and off sequentially depending on the heating and cooling load, or form a heat pump cycle with a single compressor and A similar effect can be obtained even if the capacity is controlled by controlling the rotation speed.

As described above, in this invention, the heat pump device performs capacity control operation according to the air conditioning load during air conditioning operation, and releases capacity control and operates at full capacity during hot water supply operation. In addition to efficient air conditioning, the outlet temperature of the hot water raised by the heat exchanger on the user side of the heat pump device during hot water supply operation can be maintained high, and the ultimate hot water temperature in the hot water tank can be increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are a system diagram and an electric circuit diagram of essential parts of an air-conditioning, heating, and hot-water supply system, respectively, showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, C1) is a heat pump device, (2) is a hot water tank, (2a) is a hot water heat exchanger, (3) is a circulation pump, and (4) is a hot water supply tank.
) is the fan coil unit, (5) and (6) are the first
circuit switching valve and second circuit switching valve, (7) is the hot water supply circuit, (3) is the cold/hot water circuit, ancui is the compressor, and the
η is a four-way switching valve, 05Q9 is a heat exchanger on the non-use side, Q41
Qal is the diaphragm, and 餞 is the user-side heat exchanger (9) and ■
(88a) and (88b) are the heating thermostat high temperature side contact and low temperature side contact, (89a) and (88b) are the heating thermostat high temperature side contact and low temperature side contact.
9b) is a high-temperature side contact and a low-temperature side contact of a cooling thermostat, and 9b is a hot water supply thermostat and its contacts. Agent Makoto Shimano

Claims (1)

[Claims] Compressor, four-way switching valve, heat exchanger on the user side, throttling device,
A heat pump device consisting of a heat exchanger on the use side of the heat pump device, a hot water tank that stores hot water heated through the hot water heat exchanger by the hot water obtained by the heat exchanger on the user side of the heat pump device during hot water supply, and a hot water tank that stores hot water heated through the hot water heat exchanger during heating or cooling. A fan coil unit that performs heating or cooling by being filled with hot water or cold water obtained by the heat exchanger on the user side of the heat pump device, and a hot water supply circuit that communicates the heat exchanger on the user side of the heat pump device with the hot water heat exchanger. , a cold/hot water circuit that communicates the user-side heat exchanger of the heat pump device with the fan coil unit; and a cold/hot water circuit that connects the heat exchanger of the heat pump device with the fan coil unit; A circulation pump that circulates hot water or cold water obtained by the heat exchanger on the user side to the fan coil unit, and selectively operates the hot water circuit when supplying hot water and the cold/hot water circuit during heating and cooling. a switching valve for switching the circuit; a capacity control means for controlling the capacity of the heat pump device according to the size of the heating or cooling load during the heating or cooling; and an operation of the capacity control means during the hot water supply. and full capacity operation means for operating the heat pump device at full capacity by disabling the heat pump device.