JPS5813269A - Bypass-unloader valve - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to bypass unloader valves for use in fluid handling systems and is an improved construction of 4IK such valves for use with relatively high fluid pressures. This pertains to devices that allow long-term use.

Applicant's prior U.S. Pat. No. 1G4,171,708 discloses a bypass unloader valve configured for use in a fluid handling system in which fluid delivery is intermittently shut off. - In devices such as 7, 1
Pumps are used to deliver high pressure fluid to one or more discharge nozzles and are arranged to provide high pressure spray at multiple locations. For example, in a coin-operated car wash system, a common fly is used to deliver water or other chemicals to multiple spray guns located in separate chambers. Ru. At any given time, all, less than all, or no spray guns are activated. Therefore, a device must be provided to effect unloading of liquid into the bypass so that the pump is not exposed to excessive back pressure.

Although the unloader valve of Applicant's prior patents is well suited for fluid handling systems where the associated pressures are relatively low or moderate, its construction is not necessary in systems using relatively high pressures. is also not completely suitable. for example,
The valve stem or syringe is kept in tension by a strong spring element, and because of the bypass valve, the syringe is not forced to move against the force of the spring as the outlet pressure increases. What should not be done is the excessive amount disclosed in the prior patents. If high fluid pressures occur, the forces can be significantly greater, with the result that the plunger member may fail under tension. This may be prevented by increasing the diameter of the syringer, but this necessarily increases the size, weight and cost of the unloader valve. Furthermore, it is placed on the piston structure connected to the shiranja! Seals are forced through the interlocking interlock between the piston and cylinder sidewalls and therefore, depending on the pressures encountered, can leak and degrade performance, requiring frequent repairs.

According to the principles of the present invention, several problems in the first prior patent are solved by modifying the configuration of the valve housing, the plunger member, the type of spring used, and the arrangement of the valve and the coolant. be done. - Specifically, instead of using a solid rod-shaped plunger maintained in tension by a strong tension coil spring, the present WA
In this system, a tubular plunger is used to convey the fluid, and a floating poppet valve is attached to this sylunger. The floating poppet valve is adapted to cooperate with a spaced ring-shaped fixed valve seat mounted within the valve housing. A compression type spring acting on the plunger constantly compresses the poppet valve into a fluid blocking relationship Km with its valve seat. Further coupled to the %f9 jar are a cup seal, an extrusion stop ring and a guide member. These elements are placed between the bypass port and the discharge/-). A check ball valve assembly is attached to one end of the plunger.

Under steady-state operation, the non-return ball valve assembly is forced into the open position by fluid flowing from the suction port through the derailleur of the pipes, , -, thereby forcing the fluid into the discharge port. It is discharged from. However, when the discharge port is stopped due to the equipment being shut off, the pressure within the discharge chamber increases, forcing the check ball valve into contact with the cliff and creating a differential against the cup-seal-guide Y-gage assembly. Apply dynamic pressure. This differential pressure acts against the compressive force of the spring, and if the outlet pressure reaches a predetermined amount, the poppet valve is opened and fluid is directed from the suction boat to the bypass port. Allow the flow of humanity. Since the spring is generally straight, the opening transition of the poppet valve is the discharge port)K
As a function of the pressure present, the present bypass unloader valve can therefore be used to regulate the flow rate through the remaining utilization devices included in the system. Furthermore, the pressure force acting on the effective area of the poppet valve creates a force that counteracts the fluid force exerted on a large effective area (such as the seal between the bypass chamber and the discharge chamber), so that the valve can be used in other ways. A spring may be used that has a smaller maximum displacement force parameter (substantially less than that applied to the spring).

Therefore, the main objective of the present invention is that the operating pressures encountered are relatively high, e.g.
st), to provide an improved bypass unloader valve for use in a fluid handling system.

A second object of the invention is that the plunger shaft is tubular and serves as a conduit from the suction chamber to the discharge chamber and is movable to serve as a support for the pet element as well as the rounding of the fstone assembly which can be displaced. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an unloader valve designed to

A third object of the present invention is to provide a bypass unloader valve in which a single check ball member is placed in a fluid-tight relationship with the outlet of a tubular fluid-carrying valve plunger.

A fourth object of the invention is to provide a bypass designed such that the plunger member is subjected to only a compressive force and the fluid forces are effectively canceled out so that less force is required for normal operation.・This is Jin, who provides An4-11F.

These as well as other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of one preferred embodiment, provided with reference to the attached page RJ7A.

Refer to Figure 1 to understand the principle of the present invention! l! The bypass unloader valve provided is indicated at 10. The valve 10 has a three-piece outer housing including a spring housing 12, a valve body 14, and an end carriage 16. Valve housing 12 is generally cylindrical but includes a generally conically tapered intermediate section 18 that integrally connects a reduced diameter end section 20 to a larger diameter section 22. . The large diameter portion 22 is internally threaded 24, thereby providing a means for connecting the spring housing 12 to the valve body 14.

At the end of the spring housing 12 an internally threaded member 26 is arranged for receiving an adjustment screw 28. A lock nut 31 is provided to maintain the set position of the adjusting screw 28.

The spring itself is indicated at 30 and comprises a compression spring, which in the illustrated embodiment is approximately 9/281.
cm” (4000 pji), typically about 500 kf (1100 bond) per 2.54
It has a spring constant in the vicinity of cm (1 inch). but,
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the associated spring constants are a function of the operating pressure at which they are used and, therefore, no limitation to any particular spring constant is intended or should be implied. Dew.

The spring 30 has a cylindrical alignment stud P32 disposed at one end thereof, which extends a portion of the spring 30 into the coil of the spring 30 to provide a centering effect on the conical recess 34.

The recess 34 cooperates with the tapered end of the adjusting screw 28. Additionally, the spring 30 is secured by the inner cylindrical surface of the end portion 20 of the spring housing 12 to the center of the bypass unloader valve. It is restrained to be approximately coaxially aligned with IK. That is, the tendency of the spring 30 to buckle under load is counteracted by its bearing against the inner surface of the end portion 20 of the spring housing 12.

As mentioned above, the spring housing 12 is threadedly coupled to the valve body 14 and the port 36 maintains the interior of the spring housing 12 at atmospheric pressure.

Before explaining the various parts constituting the shiransha piston assembly, details of the structure of the valve body 14 will be explained. Valve body 14 is formed from a suitable material, such as stainless steel, which may be cast or machined. The dimensions of the valve body 14 are determined to an extent by the operating pressure at which the valve is used, and with this in mind, the valve body 14 is designed to accommodate the suction port 38, the discharge mate 40 and the bypass 42 (FIG. 2).
It can be understood that it has the following. Each of these &-) is provided with an internal thread 44], whereby a connecting member (not shown) is threadedly coupled to said internal thread to connect the bypass unloader valve to a source of pressure fluid and to connect the bypass unloader valve to a source of pressure fluid. can be connected to the utilization device.

Bypass & -) 42 is the high pressure fluid handling system? hmm! (not shown) or arranged to be connected to the taper by a suitable hose.

Suction port 38 is indicated at 46 and communicates with the suction chamber. In a somewhat similar manner, discharge portion 40 communicates with discharge chamber 48 and bypass port 42 communicates with bypass chamber 50. Each of these chambers is formed inside the valve body 14.

As seen in FIG. 1, the valve body 14 is located at its left end 5.
4 is formed with an axial hole 52 extending from the suction chamber 46t. The hole 52 is provided with a female thread so as to receive the male thread of the bearing holding member 56. The bearing holding member 56 has a collar passing through it. Ara 8 is formed. A nine solid cylindrical shaft 60 fitted into the end of the tubular syringe 62 extends through the counterbore 58 and abuts the spring retaining element 64 . Cough element 64 has a tapered recess 66 which extends between opposite end supports of spring 3o constituted by members 32 and 64.
Provides automatic centering of

The bearing presser 56, which allows the shaft 60 and the silansha 62 to reciprocate, has an extrusion prevention cylinder 68, a cup seal 10, and a guide three differential 2 arranged from left to right inside its axial hole. . These elements are cylindrical spacers arranged in recesses of the bearing retainer 56. 74 and the entire assembly is held together by a snap ring 76. The extrusion stop ring 68 and the cylindrical guide sleeve are preferably formed from graphite, which preferably incorporates a plastic binder to provide a lubricated surface that resists long-term wear. Cup seal TO is formed from neoprene or other suitable material. Cup seal TO is relatively high (typically about 281kl//am” [4000p gallery 1])
Because of exposure to suction fluid pressure, the sealing material typically tends to be extruded and deformed. However, such extrusion can be prevented by providing an extrusion prevention ring 68 that slips tightly onto the outer surface of the shaft 60.

Continuing to refer to both cross-sectional views in FIG.
It can be seen that a plurality of holes T8 are formed in the side wall of FIG. 2, and these holes 78 are exposed to the suction chamber 46. ? The hole 78 from -7'e'1 communicates with the longitudinal hole 80 of the syringe 62], and the longitudinal hole 80 of the shell is open at its rightmost end.

A check valve is screwed to the rightmost end of the syringe 62, and the check valve has a slot formed in the cage 82.
, a ball 84 , and a ball holding pin 86 . The cage 82 is machined to define a spherically recessed valve seat 88 and an O-ring 90 connects the outer surface of the plunger 62 with the cage 82.
K is disposed between the inner surface of the K and the inner surface of the K, thereby preventing leakage between these mating parts. It should be noted that this ball valve or check valve assembly is located within the discharge chamber 48 of the bypass unloader valve 10.

A cylindrical recess 92 is defined between the suction chamber 46 and the bypass chamber 50 within the valve body 14, and a poppet valve seat s4 is installed within the shell recess 92. The PET valve seat 94 has a generally annular structure, but includes a 1 m chamfered recess arranged in a manner to cooperate with the floating PET valve member 1160 coupling surface.

The floating poppet valve member 96 is loosely mounted on the expansion gear li2. An O-ring 98 is placed in a recess formed in the outer surface of the annular valve seat s4, thereby normally eliminating any fluid leakage between the suction chamber 46 and the bypass 1iiso.

If the tubular plunger 62 is observed in detail in FIG. It is recognized that the direct expansion is made as follows. The shoulder thus formed at the intersection of the large diameter section and the small diameter section acts as a stop that is negotiated by the floating poppet valve member 96. Again, an O-ring 102 is placed in a recess formed in the plunger 62 and acts as a seal to prevent leakage from the suction chamber 46 to the bypass chamber 50.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1, the inner valve body side immediately to the right of bypass chamber 50 is recessed inwardly to receive sleep member 104. As shown in FIG. Sleep member 104 is generally cylindrical and has an inner diameter that is a predetermined dimension greater than the outer diameter of the portion of the plunger that sharpens therethrough. A cup seal 106, an extrusion prevention ring 108, and a guide ring 110 are disposed between the sleeve 104 and the syringe 62. A spacer member 112 surrounds the syringe 62 and has a length that extends when the poppet valve element abuts its associated valve seat 94. It is selected to be in contact with the PET valve member 96. Spacer member 112 has a forward end that diverges to a substantially larger diameter to define the two ends of the guide ring 110. Preferably, the guide ring 110 and the extrusion stop ring 108 are formed from powdered graphite with a suitable plastic binder so that a hard, lubricated sliding surface is formed between the outer diameter of the guide ring and the sleep member 1040. maintained in relation to the inner diameter. The extrusion prevention ring 108 is formed by extrusion of the ferrous material by high pressure acting on the cup seal 106 made of neoprene.
10 and the sleep member 104.

The assembly is completed by a nine-end cap f16 connected to the valve body 14 by a screw 116, the front edge of which abuts the sleep member 104 to secure it against displacement in the longitudinal direction.

An O-ring 118 is positioned between the front surface of the end cap 16 and the valve body 14 proximate the still contact area of these components with the sleep member 104. Similarly, the O-ring 120 is connected to the valve body 14.
is mounted in a recess formed in the rightmost end of the threaded table m1sKm-, thereby preventing leakage from the high pressure discharge port to the environment.

The details of the bypass unloader valve of the present invention have been explained in detail above, and then the mode of operation thereof will be explained. Thereby, various structural relationships will be disclosed in detail.

The bypass unloader valve of the present invention is adapted for use in a fluid handling system in which fluid under high pressure, such as from a pump, is intermittently distributed from one or more utilization devices. The most illustrative is a grinding device that is started by inserting a coin. In such a device, water or a mixture of water and other chemicals is supplied from a low-pressure source, for example a public water supply, and a suitable The liquid pressure is raised to the desired level by being pumped through a pump. By suitable piping, the high pressure liquid is transferred to a utilization device, each in the form of a spray gun, and an on-off flow control attached thereto. At any one time, all or some of the spray guns are activated! 1-1 Also, there are times when none of the spray guns are activated.

Due to the nature of such equipment, the pump is subject to a range of back pressures, which are at a minimum when all spray guns are in use and at a maximum when all spray guns are not in use. It is. By incorporating an unloader valve of the type disclosed, the discharge can be performed by stopping or interrupting operation of the pump itself t2. j, l, LK・+I, C41yf
If excessive pressure is applied to the bond which may permanently destroy the bond, it can be shut off without. By incorporating a bypass mechanism, if part of the spray guy is not in use and the outlet is only partially closed,
Alternatively, a partial bypass may be provided if the discharge orifice is throttled so that the full capacity of the pump is not delivered under steady-state conditions. In the above case, the pressure increases in the discharge pipe, and the bypass mechanism of the bypass/unroof pre-valve of the present invention operates to cause a partial bypass of the liquid being pumped by the bonde. When the discharge is completely closed, e.g. when the entire spray gun is not in use, the unloader valve acts to completely bypass the entire pump discharge, thereby preventing the unloading of the entire ponso discharge. cause

In use, the outlet of the pump (not shown) is connected by a high-pressure hose to the suction/-) 38, and the outlet port 40 is connected by suitable piping to a plurality of utilization devices, e.g. Connected to high pressure spray gun. Assuming that a full spray gun is used, the compression spring 30
applies sufficient force to bring the floating pet valve member 96 into tight contact with the chamfer of the valve seat 14) on the syringe shaft 60.
The spring bias pressure adjustment screw 28 is rotated so as to supply the spring pressure. This set position of the adjusting screw 28 is locked by rotating the lock nut 31 relative to the surface of the member 2B. Under the hypothesized conditions, high pressure fluid within suction 1i 146 flows through hole 78 formed in tubular sylanger 62.
The hot water flows through the longitudinal hole 80 of the #7 langeer and displaces the ball $4 from the valve seat 88 formed in the cage 82. Ball retaining bottle 86 prevents balls 84 from completely leaving cage 82. The nine cages 82 formed with a stopper allow fluid to flow into the discharge chamber 48;
The fluid is discharged from the
reach cancer.

Next, a mode in which unloading is performed will be described assuming that all of the plurality of utilization devices are shut down. With the discharge flow stopped, the cup seal 101i is exposed to a pressure higher than that present in the suction port 38 and the gourd jar 62 is moved against the force of the spring 30. This releases the floating poppet valve 96 from its seat 94 so that the pressure within the suction chamber 46 decreases. When the pressure in the suction chamber 46 decreases, the ball 84
jiKjj to close the check valve so that one discharge outlet pressure is applied to the flow control valve (not shown) of the utilization device.
Rack the syringe 62 in this position until it is released by opening. With f-bet valve 96 open, fluid flowing from l:/de flows through suction chamber 46 and the poppet valve into bypass chamber 50, from where fluid flows into bypass boat 42 (FIG. 2). through which it is allowed to flow into the suction side of the pond (as shown).

Because of the unique dimensions of the various components, a bias spring of substantially less maximum deflection force than would be required if it were necessary to offset only the force applied to the HIMTIJK exposed to outlet pressure. It is possible to use. To explain in more detail, if the area of the circle defined by the outer diameter of the cup sea*1 OS is expressed by the area M, and the area of the circle defined by the inner diameter of the pet valve seat s4 is expressed by the area B. , if the cross-sectional area of the shaft 60 is expressed as area 0, then the spring curve is the operating pressure curve and the area (mu+0
-B): 1-p(mu+0-B). From this relationship, the poppet valves 94-96 are arranged between the suction chamber 46 and the bypass chamber 50, and the bypass chamber 5o is discharged from the suction chamber 46! ! 48 allows the constant operating pressure of the fluid to be used to offset the force that would compress plunger 62 to the left, thus creating a substantially smaller maximum It can be understood that a curve with a deflection parameter can be used.

! The maximum stroke of the plunger 62 is the rightmost surface of the spacer T4! This is the distance from the left end of the plunger 62. In the maximum bypass mode, the sylanger 62 is arranged to move through its maximum stroke, thereby interfacing the suction chamber 46 and the bypass chamber 5o: I*os ovt@'*,! 5K
i5m, 2+. □Assume that less than all of the plurality of utilized devices are shut off. In this case, the backpressure present within discharge chamber 48 is less than that required to produce maximum stroke deflection. As such, floating poppet valve 96 is opened, but flow from suction chamber 46 to bypass chamber 50 is somewhat restricted, and check valve 84 is opened. As such, the amount of flow from discharge/-) 40 is reduced to meet the requirements of the specific application equipment in use.

The bypass unrome valve of the present invention thus provides proportional control of the flow rate present at the discharge port 40 when less than all spray guns are used, with the remaining partial flow □ of the system I. Bypassed to the inlet side.

Since the poppet valve 96 is sized to have a specified tolerance between its inside diameter and the outside diameter of the plunger 62, it will float within specified limits, thereby allowing the valve with its mating design to float within specified limits. It is also free to decide on a completely binding relationship with the seat. The O-ring 100 serves to prevent leakage from the suction chamber 46 to the bypass chamber 50 through a defined gap.

In the design of the present invention, attention has been paid to structures that facilitate manufacturing and subsequent repair. IItK.

Remove the end collar f16 and unscrew the ball check valve assembly from the end of the syringe 62 for inspection and replacement. Take ring 110]
By unscrewing the removable zero-order tK1 spring housing 12 from the valve body 14, the bearing hold-down member s6 can be unscrewed from the valve body and the entire detent can then be removed, which K Access to the poppet valve assembly and its associated zero ring is thus achieved.

Another important feature of the present invention is that the force applied to plunger 62 and shaft 60 is always compressive in nature, whereas in prior art configurations the sylunger is maintained in an inflated state. It is in contrast to As such, in the design of the present invention, the structure of the plunger has a lower chance of failure and is made from parts that are lighter and have smaller dimensions than those required in other systems. Can be assembled.

In view of the foregoing, the present invention provides practitioners with the information needed to comply with patent statutes and apply the novel principles, as well as to fabricate and use such specialized components as required. , explained in considerable detail.

However, it is to be understood that the invention may be practiced, particularly with different parts and components, and that various modifications may be made in details and operating procedures without departing from the scope of the invention. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one recommended embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a recommended embodiment of the present invention;
- Figure 1 is an end view showing the general orientation of the blade; On the drawing, 10 is the "Pipa Ai Ann Da Valve" knee, 12 is the "spring housing", 14 is the "valve body"; 16Fi
"r end cap": 28 is "adjustment screw": 30 is "screw"
32 is "matching stuff r": 38 is "suction port":
40 is the "discharge port"; 42 is the "bypass port"
6 is a "suction chamber"; 48 is a "discharge chamber"; 50 is a "bypass chamber"; 52 is a "hole"; 56 is a "bearing holding member"; 60 is a "shaft"; 62 is an r plunger"; 64 is a ""Spring holding element": 68 is "Extrusion prevention ring" Near 0 is "Ka! Seal"; 72 is R guide sleep" Near 4 is "Spacer";
78 is "hole": 8 ◎ is "hole": 82 is "cage"; 84
is “ball”; 86 is “r ball holding vy”; 811 r valve jl
J14ti "valve seat"; 96 "floating poppet valve member";
104 is the sleep member, 106 is the r cup seal, 108 is the extrusion prevention ring J, and 110 is the guide ring J.
; 112 indicates a "spacer member". 5 people, 4 people

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 111 (11) A valve body having a suction port, a discharge port, and a bypass port, wherein the training port communicates with a suction chamber formed in the valve body, and the discharge port communicates with the suction chamber formed in the valve body. It communicates with the discharge chamber formed in the valve body, and the bypass//
-) is formed in the valve body and communicates with the bypass chamber, the suction chamber, the discharge chamber, and the bypass chamber are generally aligned along the longitudinal axis of the valve body, and the bypass chamber is in communication with the suction chamber and the discharge chamber. The valve body is disposed intermediate between the three chambers, and the valve body has a hole extending in the axial direction that communicates the three chambers: (bl
disposed in the bore, supported for reciprocating movement within the bore in the longitudinal direction thereof, having a radial bore through its side wall communicating with the suction chamber, and having an open end disposed in the discharge chamber; Tubular sylanger: (Limmed to the C1!! member and carried by the plunger, disposed within the axial direction Kg and nine holes, so as to isolate the suction chamber from the bypass chamber when closed. A PET valve is installed concentrically with a syringe in the form of a front pipe that isolates the bypass chamber from the discharge port, and fluid under pressure is introduced into the suction chamber through the suction port and the (e) an axially displaceable seal assembly adapted to be exposed to the pressure of fluid within the discharge chamber when forced to flow through the radial bore and the tubular plunger; (e) disposed within the discharge chamber; a ball check valve assembly coupled to said open end of the tubular plunger and adapted to direct liquid flow through said open end when pressure within said discharge chamber exceeds that within said suction chamber; a device for coupling said axially displaceable seal assembly to said poppet valve for urging said poppet valve to its open position when the outlet pressure exceeds a specified value; and (gl) for pressing said poppet valve to its closed position. A bypass unloader valve comprising a spring device for applying a compressive force to the tubular sylanger for the purpose of applying a compressive force to the tubular syringe. a generally cylindrical housing; a compression spring contained within the housing and abutting the cylinder/jar to apply a force to the cylinder; and adjusting the amount of force applied to the cylinder/jar by the compression spring; 3. The bypass unloader valve of claim 1, wherein the axially displaceable seal assembly comprises: la) a cylinder of defined diameter; (b) a tubular sleep member disposed in said axial hole to define a shaped surface;
an inner diameter for receiving an outer diameter of the tubular plunger;
an annular graphite-containing plastic guide cylinder having an outer diameter slidably received within said cylindrical surface; (e) an extrusion disposed adjacent to said annular guide ring and abutting said cylindrical surface; a blocking ring; and (dl) a deformable elastic plastic having an inner diameter surrounding said annular plunger and an outer diameter engaging said cylindrical surface, one end of which abuts said annular guide ring; - the bypass unloader valve including a cup seal, wherein the guide ring, the extrusion stop ring and the cup seal are secured together to the tubular syringe by the ball check valve assembly. The bypass unloader valve according to claim 1, wherein the axially extending hole formed in the valve body extends over the entire length of the valve body. 151 4? The bypass unloader valve of claim 4, further comprising a recessed end cap member coupled to one end of the valve body and enclosing the ball check valve assembly; The bypass unloader valve wherein the cap member is formed with a plurality of holes in a pattern permitting fluid communication with the discharge chamber. (6) The bypass unloader valve according to claim 4, further comprising a good bearing holder screwed onto one end of the valve body, through which the arc length of the tubular sylanger passes. an axial aperture for allowing an extrusion stop ring, a resilient plastic annular cup seal, and a prize guide sleeve to be arranged in juxtaposed relationship; a syringe extension extending through and reciprocally supported by the extrusion stop ring, the annular cup seal, and the annular guide sleeve.