JPS58131371A - Hydraulic machinery - Google Patents

Hydraulic machinery

Info

Publication number
JPS58131371A
JPS58131371A JP57012880A JP1288082A JPS58131371A JP S58131371 A JPS58131371 A JP S58131371A JP 57012880 A JP57012880 A JP 57012880A JP 1288082 A JP1288082 A JP 1288082A JP S58131371 A JPS58131371 A JP S58131371A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
runner
blades
guide vanes
speed ring
excitation force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP57012880A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Osao Okamura
岡村　長生
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp, Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Priority to JP57012880A priority Critical patent/JPS58131371A/en
Publication of JPS58131371A publication Critical patent/JPS58131371A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/04—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator for diminishing cavitation or vibration, e.g. balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the vibrational force imposed on runner blades by an arrangement wherein the number of blades of the runner relative to that of guide vanes is set to be a prime number having no common measure. CONSTITUTION:A speed ring (a) is provided with a plurality of guide vanes b, and a runner (d) having a plurality of blades (e) is mounted on a main shaft (c) disposed inside the speed ring (a) so as to rotate freely. The number of runner blades (e) relative to that of the guide vanes (b) is set to be a prime number having no common measure for both of them so that the vibrational force imposed by the fluid flowing through the guide vanes (b) to the runner (d) may be exerted in the same direction as the direction of rotation of the runner (d). This arrangement eliminates the risk of occurence of cracks or failure of the hydraulic machinery even if it is installed at a location where it is subjected to a high liquid head.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の技術分野〕 本発明は、例えば、水車やポンプ水車等のランナー羽根
に生じる加振波による亀裂や損傷と防止する水力機械に
関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a hydraulic machine that prevents cracks and damage caused by excitation waves occurring in the runner blades of, for example, water turbines and pump water turbines.

〔発明の技術的背景〕[Technical background of the invention]

従来、この種の水車やポンプ水車等による水力機械は、
低落差の場所Ｋｌｌ＆置されているとき、水力による加
振力が、ランナー羽根（ランナー羽根乃に対して、重要
視されていなかつ危けれども、最近、これらの水力機械
を高落差の塙所に設置することが要望されるようになり
、これによって高落差のポンプ水車等も採用されるよう
なってきている几め、これまで重要視されていなかった
水車やポンプ水車における圧力流体による加振力が増大
し、これに起因して、水力機械に組込まれるランナーの
ランナー羽根の付根に亀裂生じｔす、損傷するおそれが
ある。Conventionally, hydraulic machines using this type of water turbine, pump water turbine, etc.
When placed in a location with a low head, the excitation force due to hydraulic power is This has led to the adoption of high-head pump-turbines, etc., and the excitation force caused by pressurized fluid in water turbines and pump-turbines, which had not been considered important until now, has become more important. This increases the risk of cracking and damage to the bases of the runner blades of runners installed in hydraulic machines.

又一方、ランナー羽根の保強手段として、ランナー羽根
とランナーとを強固に連結することも考えられるけれど
も、これは、主軸と一体をなすうンナーを大きく、シか
も、重量物のものに形成する之め、水力機械として運転
効率を低下させるおそれがある。On the other hand, as a means of reinforcing the runner blades, it is possible to firmly connect the runner blades and the runner, but this would require the runner that is integrated with the main shaft to be large, thin, and heavy. Therefore, there is a risk that the operating efficiency of hydraulic machinery may be reduced.

〔発明の目的〕[Purpose of the invention]

本発明は、上述しｆｃφ情に鑑みてなされたものであっ
て、水力機械において、スピードリングのガイドベーン
の使用指数に対してランナーのランナー羽根の使用枚数
を、この両者の共通公約数をもたない素数にすると共に
、ガイドベーンからランナー羽根に与える加振力をラン
ナーの同一回転方向にし、これにより、加振力を低減し
て高落差による水力機械のランナー羽根の亀裂や損傷を
防止することを目的とする水力機械を提供するものであ
る。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned fcφ situation, and in hydraulic machines, the number of runner blades used in the runner is determined by the number of runner blades used in the speed ring with respect to the usage index of the guide vane in the speed ring. At the same time, the excitation force applied from the guide vane to the runner blades is in the same direction of rotation of the runner, thereby reducing the excitation force and preventing cracks and damage to the runner blades of hydraulic machinery due to high head. The purpose of this project is to provide a hydraulic machine for the purpose of

〔発明の概要〕[Summary of the invention]

特に、本発明は、スピードリングに多数のガイドベーン
を設け、このスピードリングの内がわに配設された主軸
に複数のランナー羽根を備え几ランナーを回転自在に設
けた水力機械において、上記ガイドベーンの枚故に対し
て上記ランナー羽根の枚数を、この両者の共通公約数を
もたない素数とし、上記ガイドベーンの流体から上記ラ
ンナーに与える加附力を上記ランナーと同一回転方向に
して加減力を低減するよう圧したものである。In particular, the present invention provides a hydraulic machine in which a speed ring is provided with a large number of guide vanes, a main shaft provided inside the speed ring is provided with a plurality of runner blades, and a runner is rotatably provided. The number of the runner blades is a prime number that does not have a common common divisor for the number of vanes, and the additional force applied to the runner from the fluid of the guide vane is set in the same rotational direction as the runner. The pressure was applied to reduce the

〔発明の実施例〕[Embodiments of the invention]

以下、本発明を、例えば、ポンプ水車による水力機械に
適用した図示の一実施例について説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an illustrated embodiment in which the present invention is applied to, for example, a hydraulic machine using a pump-turbine will be described.

第７図乃至第３図において、符号１は、ポンプ水車のス
ピードリングであって、このスピードリングａＫは、説
明の便宜上、（ｌ）〜（社）の番号を付した多数のガイ
ドベーンｂが一定のピッチ間隔を存して設けられており
、このスピードリングａの内がわには主軸・が図示され
ない軸受によって回転自在に設けられている。又、この
主＠　ａ　Ｋはランナーｄが上記スピードリングミＫ近
接して同心的に配設されており、このランナーｄＫは、
説明ノ便宜上、（１）〜（２）の番号を付した複数のラ
ンナー羽根（ランナーベーン）・か付設されている。7 to 3, reference numeral 1 indicates a speed ring of a pump-turbine, and for convenience of explanation, this speed ring aK has a large number of guide vanes b numbered from (l) to (company). They are provided at a constant pitch interval, and a main shaft is rotatably provided inside the speed ring a by a bearing (not shown). Also, in this main @ a K, a runner d is arranged concentrically close to the speed ring Mi K, and this runner dK is
For convenience of explanation, a plurality of runner vanes numbered (1) to (2) are provided.

特に、このランナー羽根・の・ｌ用枚数は、上記ガイド
ベーンｂの使用枚数を／を枚若しくは３枚としたとき、
７枚になるようにしたものである。In particular, the number of runner blades, when the number of guide vanes b used is / or 3, is as follows:
The number of sheets is 7.

即ち、上記ガイドベーンｂの使用枚数に対して、上記ラ
ンナー羽根・の枚数は、この両者の共通公約数をもたな
い素数（例えば、Ｊ、ｊ、７．／３．／７・・・）とし
たものである。又、一方、上記ランナーｄが上記ガイド
ベーンｂによる流体から与えられる加振力を上記ランナ
ーｄの同一回転方向になるように構成されている。That is, with respect to the number of guide vanes b used, the number of runner blades is a prime number that does not have a common divisor of the two (for example, J, j, 7./3./7, etc.). That is. On the other hand, the runner d is configured so that the excitation force applied from the fluid by the guide vane b is directed in the same direction of rotation of the runner d.

このように１本発明は、高落差による流体の加振力によ
って、ランナー羽根・の付根に発生する亀裂や］負傷を
解消するために、ガイドベーンｂとランナー羽根・との
関係において、模型による実験によりて調べた結果、第
１表に示される結果を得ることができた。In this way, the present invention is designed to eliminate cracks and injuries that occur at the base of the runner blades due to excitation force of the fluid due to high head, in order to eliminate cracks and injuries that occur at the base of the runner blades, the relationship between the guide vanes b and the runner blades is determined based on a model. As a result of the experimental investigation, the results shown in Table 1 could be obtained.

第７表　組合せ表 即ち、本発明は、低落差時には配慮されずにいたランナ
ー羽根・に及はす加振力の関係を、高落差時に発生する
原因を調べた結果、上記ランナー羽根・に加わる加振力
を如何にして低減するかに着目したものであって、ラン
ナー羽根・に加わる加振力が、ランナーｄの回転方向と
同一方向に回転する前進波（第１図において、反時計針
方向）ＰＫなるとき、加振力が低減し、他方、上記ラン
ナー羽根・に加わる加振力がこのランナーｄの回転方向
と反対方向（逆方向）に回転する後退波（第１図におい
て、時計針方向）Ｂになるとき、加振力が増大すること
を模型による実験によりて実証した。Table 7 Combination Table That is, in the present invention, as a result of investigating the cause of the relationship between the excitation force exerted on the runner blades, which had not been taken into consideration when the head was low, and the cause of the force exerted on the runner blades when the head is high, This method focuses on how to reduce the excitation force, and the excitation force applied to the runner blade is a forward wave rotating in the same direction as the rotation direction of the runner d (in Fig. 1, the counterclockwise hand (direction) PK, the excitation force is reduced, and on the other hand, the excitation force applied to the runner blade is a backward wave (in Fig. 1, the clockwise It was demonstrated through experiments using a model that the excitation force increases when the needle direction) becomes B.

従って、本発明は、ランナー羽根・に加わる加振力を低
減するｔめに、ランナーｄの回転方向と同一方向に回転
する前進波ＦになるようＫすると共に、この前進波ＦＫ
なるランナー羽根・の素数による羽根数を選定したもの
である。Therefore, in the present invention, in order to reduce the excitation force applied to the runner blades, the forward wave F rotates in the same direction as the rotation direction of the runner d, and the forward wave FK
The number of blades was selected based on the prime number of runner blades.

今、第１図に示されるように、第１ガイドベーンｌとｋ
Ｉ、／ランナー羽根Ｉとが時間的に重なった状態（半径
方向に並んだときであって、第２図では熱印で示す位置
）から、少し時間が経過すると、第１ランナー羽根夏が
、第一ガイドベーンぴの一直線上に並んで時間的に重合
する。しかして、上記流体（水）が上記第一ガイド、ベ
ーン−からランナーｄに流れ込むと幹に、第一ガイドベ
ーンーと第２ランナー羽根璽とか時間的に重合したとき
に加振されるので、極力、この両者の重合回数を低減す
るために、上記第１表に示すように１模聾実験によって
実証した。Now, as shown in FIG. 1, the first guide vanes l and k
After a short period of time has passed since the runner blades I and runner blades I overlapped in time (when they are lined up in the radial direction, the position indicated by the heat mark in Figure 2), the first runner blade summer The first guide vanes are aligned and polymerized over time. When the fluid (water) flows from the first guide and vane into the runner d, the main body is vibrated when the first guide vane and the second runner vane overlap over time, so as much as possible, In order to reduce the number of polymerizations for both of them, a demonstration was carried out by a 1-deaf experiment as shown in Table 1 above.

即ち、この模型実験結果は、第１図及び第１表において
、 ガイドベーンｂの枚数・・・・・・Ｚｇ　（７６枚）ラ
ンナー羽根・の枚数・・・・・・Ｚｒ　（７枚）とした
とき、 １１はスピードリングａの第１ガイドベーンｌと第１ガ
イドベーン参との間隔を示し、この間隔はＪ　ＩＩ　ト
なシ、１怠は、第１ランナー羽根！と第１ランナー羽機
曹との間隔を示し、この間隔“ｌ″となるく第１宍参照
）。That is, the results of this model experiment are as follows in Figure 1 and Table 1: Number of guide vanes b...Zg (76 pieces) Number of runner blades...Zr (7 pieces) Then, 11 indicates the distance between the first guide vane L and the first guide vane of the speed ring a, and this distance is J II, and 1 is the first runner blade! The distance between the first runner and the first runner blade is shown, and this distance is "l" (see No. 1).

又、上記ランナーｄの回転方向と同一方向（前進波）を
Ｆとし、上記ランナーｄの回転方向と逆方向（後退波）
をＢとし、さらに、ｎは加振周波数ｗｆを示したもので
ある。Also, the same direction as the rotation direction of the runner d (forward wave) is F, and the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the runner d (backward wave)
is B, and n is the excitation frequency wf.

さらに、このｗｌ　ｚ　ｗｌ　（回転周速Ｉｆ）ＸＺｇ
（ガイドベーンの枚ａ）としたと救、 Ｚ：＝Ｚｇ／Ｚｒ　　・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・　（！夛ａΔｔ
＝（１□Ｚｇ−１ｇＺｉ）　　・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・　（２）となる。Furthermore, this wl z wl (rotational circumferential speed If)XZg
(Plate a of the guide vane), then Z:=Zg/Zr ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・ (!夛aΔt
= (1□Zg-1gZi) ・・・・・・・・・・・・
......(2).

又一方、　Ｚｇ　：＝ｇＪ＊　　Ｚｒ　”　’　＊　　
前進波（ト）のとき、上記ランナー羽根０）〜（６）の
時間的な重合点（熱印）は、第２図に示されるようにな
り、他方、　Ｚｇ　＝　２ｔ）　、　　Ｚｙ　＝　／７
　、　　前進波（９）のとき、ランナー羽根（１）〜（
２）の時間的な重なシ点（黒点）は、第３図に示される
ようになる。On the other hand, Zg :=gJ* Zr ” ' *
At the time of the forward wave (g), the temporal superposition point (heat mark) of the runner blades 0) to (6) becomes as shown in Fig. 2, and on the other hand, Zg = 2t), Zy = /7
, When there is a forward wave (9), the runner blades (1) to (
2) temporally overlapping dots (black dots) are shown in FIG.

このようにして、模型実験の結果は、Ｚｇ　、　Ｚｙの
組合せを選定すると、上記ランナー羽根・に加わる加振
力が低減させる条件は、第１表の“選定”項の丸印に示
すような条件のときに、時間的な真なりが少なくなり、
良好な結果を得ること６１できた。In this way, the results of the model experiment show that when the combination of Zg and Zy is selected, the conditions for reducing the excitation force applied to the runner blades are as shown in the circle in the "Selection" section of Table 1. When the condition is true, there are fewer temporal truths,
We were able to obtain good results.

しかして、これらを総合的に判断すると、本発明は、上
記スピードランナーａＫＢけられたガイドベーンｂの使
用枚数を１４若しくは一枚としたとき、上記ランナーｄ
のランナー羽根・の使用枚数を、その両者の共通公約数
をもたない７枚の３１ｅ数として時間′的な重なシを少
なくし、しかも、上記ランナー羽根与える加振力を前進
波ＰＫすることにより、加振力が低減し、さらに、加振
周波数が高くなるので、ランナーｄの固有振動数と共振
することが低減して、高落差時、ランナー羽根・の亀裂
や損傷を防止することができる なお、上記第１表中、ｚｇ冨／≦／Ｉ、　ｍ、　２／、
　ｕ。Therefore, judging these points comprehensively, the present invention provides the speed runner aKB, when the number of guide vanes b cut out is 14 or 1, the runner d
The number of runner blades to be used is set to 7 31e numbers, which do not have a common common divisor, to reduce temporal overlap, and furthermore, the excitation force given by the runner blades is made into a forward wave PK. This reduces the excitation force and also increases the excitation frequency, which reduces resonance with the natural frequency of the runner d and prevents cracks and damage to the runner blades when the head is high. In addition, in Table 1 above, zg/≦/I, m, 2/,
u.

において、 Ｚｇ　・−・／４　（１）とき、　　Ｚｆ・　ｊ、ｔ、
ｔ。When Zg ・−・/4 (1), Zf・j, t,
t.

Ｚｇ　・／ｌのとき、　　Ｚｆ・　１，４，７．ｔ。When Zg・/l, Zf・1, 4, 7. t.

Ｚｇ・・・ｍのとき、　　Ｚｆ−ｊ　、　ｊ　、　ｔ　
。When Zg...m, Zf-j, j, t
.

ｋ・・・吃のとき、　　ｇｒ・−・ｊ、４，７．ｔ。k...When stuttering, gr・-・j, 4,7. t.

Ｚｇ　・＃のとき、　　Ｚｆ・ｊ、　ａ、　７．　ｔの
重合は、加振力が増加して不適当である。When Zg・#, Zf・j, a, 7. Polymerization of t is inappropriate because the excitation force increases.

なお、第７表中の符号Ｓは、どちらにも移動しない自続
摂動の場合を示したものである。Note that the symbol S in Table 7 indicates a case of self-sustaining perturbation that does not move in either direction.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上述べたように本発明罠よれば、スピードリングミＫ
多数のガイドベーンｂを設け、このスピードリング１の
内がわに配役された主軸Ｃに複数のランナー羽根・を備
えたランナーｄを回転自在に設けた水力機械において、
上記ガイドベーンｂの枚数に対して上記ランナー羽根・
の枚数を、この両者の共通公約数をもたない素数とし、
上記ガイドベーンｂの流体から上記ランナーｄに与える
加振力をこのランナーｄと同一回転方向にしであるので
、高落差による鳩所に設置されても、亀裂を生じたり、
破損するおそれもなくはり、しかも、構成も簡素である
から、他の水車等にもそのまま適用できる等の優れた効
果を有する。As described above, according to the trap of the present invention, Speed Ring Mi K
In a hydraulic machine in which a large number of guide vanes b are provided, and a runner d equipped with a plurality of runner blades is rotatably provided on a main shaft C disposed inside the speed ring 1,
The number of runner blades mentioned above for the number of guide vanes b mentioned above.
Let the number of sheets be a prime number that has no common divisor of both,
Since the excitation force applied to the runner d from the fluid of the guide vane b is in the same rotational direction as the runner d, even if it is installed in a pigeonhole due to a high head, it will not cause cracks.
Since it can be installed without fear of damage and has a simple structure, it has excellent effects such as being able to be applied to other water turbines as is.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明による水力機械としてのポンプ水車のス
ピードランナーとランナーとを線図的に示す横断面図、
第−図及び第３図は、本発明によるガイドベーンとラン
ナー羽根との時間的に重合する関係を示す各グラフであ
る。 ａ・・・スピードランナー、　　ｂ用ガイドベーン、Ｃ
・・・主軸、　ｄ・・・ランナー、　・・・・ランナー
羽札出願人代理人　　堵　股　　　清FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view diagrammatically showing a speed runner and a runner of a pump-turbine as a hydraulic machine according to the present invention;
3 and 3 are graphs showing the temporally overlapping relationship between the guide vane and the runner blade according to the present invention. a...Speed runner, guide vane for b, C
...Main axis, d...Runner, ...Runner Hafuda applicant's agent Kiyoshi Tomata

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 ｌ　スピードリングに多数あガイドベーンを設け、この
スピードリングの内がわに配設された主軸に複数のラン
ナー羽根を備え次うレナーを回転自在に設は次水力機械
において、上記ガイドベーンの枚数に対して上記ランナ
ー羽根の枚数を、この両者の共通公約数をもたない素数
とし、上記ガイドベーンの流体から上記ランナーに与え
る加振力をこのランナーと同一回転方向にしたことを特
徴とする水力機械。 λ　ガイドベーンの枚数を７４若しくは３枚としたとき
、ランナー羽根の枚数を７枚としたことを特徴とする特
許請求の範囲第１項記載の水力機械。[Claims] l In a hydraulic machine, a speed ring is provided with a large number of guide vanes, a main shaft disposed inside the speed ring is provided with a plurality of runner blades, and a runner is rotatably provided. , the number of the runner blades relative to the number of the guide vanes is a prime number that has no common divisor of the two, and the excitation force applied to the runner from the fluid of the guide vane is applied in the same rotational direction as the runner. A hydraulic machine characterized by: The hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein the number of runner blades is 7 when the number of λ guide vanes is 74 or 3.
JP57012880A 1982-01-29 1982-01-29 Hydraulic machinery Pending JPS58131371A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57012880A JPS58131371A (en) 1982-01-29 1982-01-29 Hydraulic machinery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57012880A JPS58131371A (en) 1982-01-29 1982-01-29 Hydraulic machinery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58131371A true JPS58131371A (en) 1983-08-05

Family

ID=11817720

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57012880A Pending JPS58131371A (en) 1982-01-29 1982-01-29 Hydraulic machinery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58131371A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH088625A (en) * 1994-06-16 1996-01-12 Yatsuku Kk Out-vehicle attachment type antenna

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH088625A (en) * 1994-06-16 1996-01-12 Yatsuku Kk Out-vehicle attachment type antenna

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