JPS5812251A - Low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the efficiency of a discharge lamp and a lighting equipment by providing a predetermined rest period for the voltage applied across electrodes when lighting the discharge lamp and by constituting so that the mole percentage is set at a predetermined value when the discharge lamp is lighted in the windless atmosphere. CONSTITUTION:A rest period of 0.5X10<-6>sec or larger and 15X10<-6>sec or less is provided for the voltage applied across electrodes 4a, 4a when lighting a low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp 4. The discharge lamp 4 and a lighting equipment A are constituted so that the mole percentage X/Y between a mixed rare gas and the mercury vapor is set at 0.5X10<2> or above and 1.0X10<4> or below when said discharge lamp 4 is lighted at a high frequency of 1KHz or above in the windless atmosphere at 25 deg.C, thereby the efficiency of the discharge lamp 4 and also the efficiency of the whole unit can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp such as a fluorescent lamp, and a lighting device that lights this discharge lamp at a high frequency! ! This relates to a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp device that combines:

It has been known for a long time that lamp efficiency improves when fluorescent lamps are lit at high frequencies, and recently, in conjunction with demands from the energy sector and improvements in power transistor performance, 15) 1g, about 50kHz. Karashu temporary lighting devices with a lighting frequency of 4 (IW clamp example t-taking, these devices have high frequency #ctIttI
The efficiency improvement of the lamp alone compared to c is 12-13 for a good i lamp.
The overall efficiency of the device was improved by about 20 to 25%.

In order to further improve the above-mentioned efficiency, the present inventors used various configurations of 1. Improving efficiency when lighting high-frequency limbs
In the course of basic experiments to investigate the mechanism, it was discovered that the resonant radiation energy efficiency of mercury was greatly improved by providing a rest period in the voltage applied to the pipe, a previously unknown phenomenon. I found out.

The object of the present invention is to provide a low-pressure mercury vapor free-flow lamp device with good efficiency based on the above phenomenon.

First, the experiment that led to the discovery of the above phenomenon will be explained.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the discharge lamp used in this experiment. , (a) is the discharge path formed between the electrodes 121121, φ is the inner tube of the bulb (1), and L is the tube length defined by the length of the outer end of the bulb crest.The bulb + 11 yen is the mercury vapor generator. Liquid phase mercury (b) and dilute scum are sealed.

With the above structure, the blue length is 1187mm, and the internal flea diameter is mainly 30mm. I used one.

For a few, the range was varied from 22- to 36-inches. In addition, each type of rare gas is used alone or as a mixture.
The amount of these included was also changed drastically. As for mercury (5), 2519 y constant 11 was sealed.

All of these samples were placed in flowing water for approximately 6 t/min, and were lit using a high-frequency inverter with a rectangular wave output magnetic pressure using a resistance ballast, and the discharge current, the number of lighting cycles, and the running water temperature, t, were varied. In addition to observing the state of absentmindedness, we also measured the radiant intensity of noble gases and mercury. As a result, when moving stripes occur in the positive column, the emission of noble gases in the positive column becomes noticeable.
On the other hand, it was observed for many samples that the mercury emission, especially the resonance radiation intensity at 253.7 m, decreased significantly. The generation and disappearance of these moving stripes is caused by the discharge current.

Lighting frequency, fl! depends on the water temperature, etc., but especially at 1K
Regarding the lighting frequency of Hz or more, it has been found that, in general, the higher the frequency, the less likely it is that moving stripes will occur. However, the results showed that the relative intensity of the resonant radiation per input power (the difference between the effective current value and the effective voltage value) of the discharge lamp does not necessarily improve as the lighting frequency increases.

Therefore, as shown in Part 2, when the discharge lamp is lit, * &
The voltage applied between +21 and 121 has a rest period T.

By providing ↓, the application period T1t- is shortened.

We thought that moving fringes could be suppressed in the same way as when the frequency was raised, and that the efficiency of resonant radiation energy could be improved more than simply increasing the frequency.

CartKenly: Joutnat
of applied Physics 21 (Dec.
)) '1309-1318 (1950) ),
W? When the lamp is lit at a commercial frequency effective value of 0.42 A under conditions such that 3 flea diameter is 36 m5 # and pressure is 3.5 Torry, the effective life of the mercury light fixture is 253.7 mm.
7.6 to 7.2jm, so 2 lighting frequencies 2
At 0KHt, 1! When we conducted an experiment similar to the above experiment with the pressure resting period 'I'ot - approximately 7 JllK, the pressure was 25.1.7% lower than when there was no resting period To.
-The radiation intensity of - has been greatly improved.

After the above preliminary experiments, the first experiment was conducted.

First! As shown in 21W, the voltage application period Tt-, the rest period fil To, and the frequency and period Tt.

Variable rectangle of To's DA cycle +8! A tortoise generator was manufactured, and using this power source, all of the discharge lamps were turned on in the same water flow as in the preliminary experiment described above, and the discharge state was observed and foot measurements were made under the same conditions.

Note that a variable resistor is used for the stabilizer.1. The discharge current was changed to jt)f by this variable resistor. .

As a rare gas, the mixing molar ratio of Kr and Ar is 1.0:0
．． 2. Using t, when the water flow temperature Tn, which is the apparent temperature of rare gas atoms in the positive column, is 40°C, the molar ratio of the number of moles of noble gas X to the number of moles of mercury vapor Y is X/ Y is 3.3X
We will explain the results of an experiment using a discharge lamp filled with a rare gas to a depth of 10".

The amount was recently determined from the ratio of the sealing pressure at 40°C of the molar ratio x 7 y Fiij and the mercury vapor pressure at 40°C.

The third factor is the mercury resonance radiation of 253.7 when the discharge lamp is lit in a water stream at 40°C with a peak current value (square wave) of 0.42A and 20KHz, and the rest period Tof is varied. This shows the change in relative intensity of . In this figure, the intensity when the period rIJITo is 0 is assumed to be 100%, but this value is about 17% compared to when the light is lit with commercial power.
It's expensive. To look bad for 1 period is 7~
The intensity reaches its maximum at 8 × 10 seconds, and the relative intensity increase is 3
It can reach up to 5 inches. Moreover, when the period To is 15×10 −' seconds or more, the intensity becomes lower than when there is no rest period To.

Note that when the period To is zero, there are quite intense moving stripes in the positive column, but when the period 1'o is in the range of 05 to 15 x 10-' seconds, the pressure peak value is constant. Then, by providing the period Tof, the peak current value increases,
The moving stripes disappear or decrease to a large extent. Even if the current peak value is further lowered to a single value of 0.421, the moving stripes remain for the period T.
It does not increase as much as when o is zero.

Figure 4 shows 253L7 when the number of lighting cycles was varied using the same discharge lamp as that used to measure the third factor. It shows the change in relative intensity of radiation. The solid line of fat is 3
At frequencies below 6KHz, the pause period To is approximately 7
X 10-' constant, when it exceeds 36 KHz, it is the case when the ratio of period TI and To is set to about 1, and -0 chain! 1 is period T.

is 0, both of which have a running water temperature of 40? ? , data under conditions of a current peak value of 0.42 A. Note that this figure is based on the total radiation intensity #100% when the lamp is lit with commercial power. As can be seen in the figure, the effect of providing a pause period is always seen when the number of cycles of one lighting is I KHz or more, and the effect is maximum when the frequency of one lighting is around 20 KHz.

Each element of Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe as rare residue,
The effective current is 0.2 to 2 A, the running water temperature is 5 to 60°C, and the molar ratio X/Y when lighting is 0.5X102 to 1. Regarding the discharge lamps in the range of OXl port 4, the period T is similar to the above discharge lamps.
.

The effect of providing this was recognized.

In addition, in this invention, the molar ratio X/Yt-115 was determined as follows:
The lighting frequency of the noble gas, the rest period TO't-Katsutoge, the 1 molar ratio X/Y, and the apparent noble gas atomic temperature [Tn
This is because moving stripes occur and disappear along the boundary line defined by .

Next, an example will be explained. .

Ijf! Figure 5 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of this invention.

In the figure, (41 is a fluorescent lamp that is a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp, (4aJ is its pair of electrodes, and (7) is a commercial power source.

(8) is a power switch, (AJ is a lighting device, and is configured as follows. (9) is a full-wave rectifier circuit, ``S'' is a smoothing capacitor, ``Ull'' is a voltage dividing resistor, tlW is a constant voltage diode, [131 is a switching regulator IC, (13a) is a pair of output transistors of IC1N31/
1, ulil is a pair of power-increasing transistors, which together with the output cutter/strip t151 form a circuit. Transistor (1
A pair of base resistors # (IS'ri #
i) Lance α516 secondary winding, (15F) is electric #!
(A pair of preheating windings in 4, 071 is a capacitor ballast.

With such a configuration, the transistor (13a
) (13a) The period in which each opens and closes '150X10
- @ seconds, time from when one transistor (13a) turns off to when the other transistor (13a) turns on 8
By setting it to ×lO seconds, the 2
In the next winding (158), an output voltage with a waveform as shown in Fig. 2 is obtained, and its frequency is approximately 20 KHz and the period T.
oij 8 X 10-' seconds 9 periods T-t ij 17
×10 seconds. Such a lighting device 11j (A
For J', the sealing pressure of A' at 20℃ is 2.6T.
Ott's 40W Rabbit Nuku U-shaped Fluorescent Lamp Otori 4
When 1 is turned on, the waveform of the voltage applied between the electrodes (4a) (4aJ) becomes almost a triangular wave, and the rest period T
o was approximately 7.5 x 10 seconds. atmosphere 25
±IC, above lighting 1 in a spherical photometer controlled in windless conditions
Turn on the ftlllAJ #4 and turn on the lamp (4).
After the pump (4) reached steady state excitation, the luminous flux value and power were measured.

The above-mentioned At-filled 40W lamp with a tube diameter of 30-41
When lit under Yr and above conditions, with an effective current value of 0.42 A, the molar ratio X/Y (rare gas atomic thermoelectricity was determined as corresponding to the temperature at the center of the tube, mercury vapor pressure Fi, and the coldest and humid temperature). ) #l;tO,64
,! 1Iii! The overall efficiency of L is improved by approximately 30%.

A conventionally high i-value was obtained.

Next, the valve dimensions are the same as in the above embodiment, and Ar
The mixing molar ratio is 1.0:0.2 7p141
When the lamp was lit under the same conditions as above, the molar ratio X/Y of the mixed rare gas and mercury vapor was 0.4XlO'', and the efficiency of the lamp alone was approximately 19%, and the efficiency of the entire device was approximately 32%. It was unfortunate. When a single Kt encapsulated container C412 with a tube diameter of 23- and a tube length of 1187- was lit under the same conditions as in the above example, the 1 molar ratio XXY was 0.7 x 1 G'', The efficiency improvement of the lamp alone was about 20%, and the efficiency improvement of the entire device was about 33%.

In addition, this "single enclosed lamp + 41t' @ effective flow value 0
When lit at 23A, 0 molar ratio X/YHo, ty x 1
0, the improvement in efficiency of the lamp alone was about 22%, and the improvement in efficiency of the entire device was about 34.

A rare gas mixture with a molar ratio of At, Kg, and Ne of 7:9:4 was prepared using a pipe with a flea diameter of 36 mm and a pipe length of 23545 m.
When the lamp was sealed in pulp and lit at 1M and effective flow ffi O, 8A, the 0 molar ratio He received 34 honors.

In addition, a rare gas mixture with a mixing molar ratio of Ne and kt of 7:3 was sealed in a bulb with a tube diameter of 36 mm and a tube length of 23541111, and instead of liquid mercury (b), IIlm
(In-87 amalgam was placed near 4aJ) (4) t'l1iR'iIl! It was lit at an efficiency of 2A.The mercury vapor pressure at that time was 45x10-'rott, and the molar ratio X/Y was assXIO Therefore, the efficiency improvement of the lamp alone is approximately 14 points.

g*Total overall efficacy semi-improvement peak was approximately 36%.

The above embodiment relates to a lap dragon 4) with high Hiei's refreshing properties, and merely shows a few examples of the effects of this invention. It is believed that the improved efficiency is valid for a very wide range of lamps (4).

In addition, there are many other circuits known in addition to the one shown in Section 5-1, but considering the phenomenon of suppressing moving stripes, all of them have the effect of improving the efficiency of the lamp+4). It is estimated that there is a certain ren. Tasoshi pause period To is 0.
For those with less than 5ss, the efficiency improvement effect is low,
Since some conventional lighting devices 1 have a minute pause period Tof, a range of less than 0.5 s* is excluded from the present invention.

Also, depending on the device, for example, the 611th! As shown in J, the pause period To may be unclear, but in the present invention, the following L is strictly applicable. i.e. 141% <4m)
<4m) The fall time of the voltage applied between the peak value of vp from the lO predominant value ■Δ, the rise time of Vp to 10[t2 and the phase (11+H).

When the relationship $5 (H + mouth) ≧ to is established between zero voltage time to, ij (to + t1 + ttJ is set as the rest period T
o, and when the zero voltage time go is longer than the above relationship, the time to is set as the rest period To.

As explained above, this invention applies to the voltage applied between the electrodes when lighting a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp.

A rest period of 0.5 x 10-' seconds or more and 15 x 10-' seconds or less is provided, and when the discharge lamp is lit at a high wave of YrlKHz or more in an atmosphere of 25'C and no wind, the 1 molar ratio Y is 0.5X1G" on PL,
By configuring the discharge lamp and the lighting efficiency so that it is 10×10 4 or less, the efficiency of the discharge lamp can be improved, and if the efficiency of the entire device is also improved, 95 effects can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the discharge lamp used in the #i experiment; Fig. 2 (21 (4a) is the electrode, (4) is the discharge lamp, (A) is the lighting device,佽) is a mercury vapor generator. Agent Shin Kuzuno - 11! cI 112 figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] 11; A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp that encloses a rare gas and a mercury vapor generator to form a magnetic discharge path between electrodes. and a lighting device for lighting this discharge lamp at a frequency of IKHz or higher, in which a voltage is applied between the electrodes when lighting the discharge lamp. 0.5 x 10-' seconds or more* 15 x 1 F
'Second u The above lighting device mt has a lower body stop period.
- When the discharge lamp is lit with the lighting device in a windless atmosphere at 25°C, and the discharge lamp becomes steady, the number of moles of mercury vapor in the discharge lamp YK
The number of moles of the above noble gas (D ratio X/Y: 6!0.5
A low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp device characterized in that the discharge lamp and the lighting device are configured such that the discharge lamp and the lighting device have a temperature of 1.0 x 10” or more and 1.0 x 1 G’ or less. (2: The rare gas is Ne, Af, Kt, Xe
The low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp device according to claim 11, characterized in that it is a single unit of any one of the above. 13) The low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp device according to claim 11, wherein the rare gas is a mixture of rare gases on 2aiPi. (4) The low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp device according to any one of claims 1) to 13), wherein the mercury vapor generator is an amalgam. (5) The effective value of the emission IE current of a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp is 0.2
The low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp device according to any one of Claims 11) and 41, characterized in that the tanning value is 2 A or more and 2 A or less.