JPS58121547A - Fluorescent lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a luminous characteristic in which a shade can be seen beautifully in the psychological sense of eyesight to further obtain a comfortable environment of illumination, when the shade is mounted to an illuminator and evaluated. CONSTITUTION:This fluorescent lamp is such that its color temperature is in a range from 4,800K to 5,200K, further in the drawing of x, y chromaticity, chromatic coordinates are provided in a tetragon four points x1=0.351, y1=0.357, x2=0.352, y2=0.363, x3=0.340, y3=0.348 and x4=0.340, y4=0.354. While as a fluorescent material, a halophosphoric acid salt fluorescent material activated by antimony and manganese or its mixture with a halophosphoric acid salt fluorescent material activated by antimony is used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention refreshes the shades of lighting equipment by using the light from the fluorescent lamp built into the lighting equipment.

The present invention relates to a fluorescent lamp that has a light color that looks beautiful and can thereby create a comfortable lighting environment.

Fluorescent lamps are widely used due to their excellent efficiency and longevity, and are characterized by the fact that they are used in 1 to 2% of households in Japan. This is not only because it is economical, but also because lighting fixtures of various designs are available, allowing individuals to choose freely according to their preferences.

By the way, looking at the fluorescent lamps used in general households, most of them are so-called ordinary type lamps with white or daylight color, and the so-called deluxe type lamps have the advantage of improved color rendering. Despite having it, it is rarely used. This means that the color rendering properties of ordinary lamps are not as good as those of deluxe lamps, but they are more efficient.

This is because it has good working characteristics and is relatively inexpensive.

However, with the recent diversification of lifestyles, lighting is now required not only to have quantitative characteristics such as efficiency and longevity, but also to have qualitative characteristics. Typical qualitative characteristics include color rendering properties, although they are the same qualitative characteristics.

Visual psychological characteristics such as comfort, decorativeness, and aesthetics are also becoming important factors.

From this point of view, the ordinary lamps that are commonly used today look old when installed in a lighting fixture with an acrylic shade when used in white, and when used in daylight, the white shade appears pale and dark. give a feeling. The inventors investigated the cause of this problem and intuitively found it to be a good idea. It turns out that the most important factor that determines whether or not you feel comfortable is the color of the light.

This invention was made against this background, and when attached to a lighting equipment and evaluated as 1-, the shade looks visually psychologically beautiful and has luminous properties that provide a more comfortable lighting environment. It concerns lamps.

That is, the fluorescent lamp of this invention has a two-color temperature of 480.
In the range from 0K to 5200, and on the X, Y chromaticity diagram, x1 = 0.351, yl20, 357
, x2 =0.352. y2=0.363,
x3=0.340. y3=0.348 and x
4 = 0.340 and Y4 = 0.354.

This invention will be explained in detail below.

FIG. 1 shows the structure of a fluorescent lamp which is an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, (]) is a crow tube, (
2) is a phosphor coated on the inner surface of the glass tube (1), and (3) is an electrode, which is sealed to both ends of the glass tube (]) by a stem (4). The stem (4) is provided with a filament (6) supported by a lead wire (5), and the filament (6) is coated with an electron radioactive substance. The lead wire (5) is connected to the cap bottle (7).

(8) is the cap. Inside the glass tube (1゛) there is a small amount of mercury (9) and rare gases such as argon, krypton, etc. (10
) is included. The luminescent color of the phosphor (2) is adjusted so that the chromaticity point of the fluorescent lamp is located within the above chromaticity range.

In a fluorescent lamp configured in this way.

When a voltage is applied between the electrodes (3), a discharge occurs, producing ultraviolet radiation mainly consisting of 185 nm and 254 nm. This ultraviolet light excites the phosphor (2) and emits visible light.

Phosphors used for general lighting absorb ultraviolet light from 1 to
．． It is a powder substance that converts it into visible light, and currently there are several dozen types of phosphors in practical use that emit light ranging from violet to red. teeth.

It uses a calcium halophosphate phosphor activated with antimony and manganese. Here, halo refers to a halogen element, which usually consists of fluorine and chlorine. White or daylight color is a name indicating the light color of a lamp, and along with warm white etc., it is a JIS name.
Z 9112-1976.

Figure 2 shows the spectral energy distribution of a fluorescent lamp, with the horizontal axis showing wavelength and the vertical axis showing relative energy. In the figure, (21) is white and (22) is the distribution of daylight colored fluorescent lamps. (21) As can be seen from (22), compared to white, daylight color has more light in a short wavelength region, so it generates stronger blue light than white light.

In the antimony- and mankan-activated calcium phosphate phosphor shown above, the emission around 48 Onm is due to antimony, and the emission around 580 nm is due to manganese, so by changing the ratio of antimony and manganese, warmth can be obtained. It can be changed continuously from a certain light color to a gentle light color shift.

In the figure, (23) and (24) are fluorescent lamps that use fluorescent materials that cannot be used alone for general lighting.
) is blue-white and uses only antimony as an activator and 1-, while (24) has an extremely high concentration of manganese and emits orange-red light. In addition, those using only mankan as an activator emit light primarily in the infrared region and only weakly emit light in the visible region.

FIG. 3 is a chromaticity diagram showing the colors of a fluorescent lamp, with X on the horizontal axis and y on the vertical axis.

At the same time, B, B, L (blackbody radiation locus), composite daylight locus, and isochromic temperature lines are shown.1. It is. In fig.

(31) is white and (32) is the chromaticity coordinate of a daylight colored fluorescent lamp from 1 to . Similarly, (33) and (34) represent the chromaticity coordinates of the blue-white and orange-red fluorescent lamps shown in FIG. 2, respectively.

Fluorescent lamps widely used in general households are white and daylight colored, but as can be seen from the respective chromaticity coordinates in Figure 3, all of them are above the locus of B, B, L and composite daylight. The y value is high, and one reason for this is that increasing the y value tends to increase the luminous flux (brightness) of the lamp. Generally, when the light color is above B, B, or L, the light color becomes yellowish or greenish, and when it is below (low y value), the light color becomes pinkish or purpleish. When a light lamp is attached to a lighting fixture, there is no established theory as to which position of the chromaticity coordinates of the light source is most desirable from the perspective of visual psychology.

The present inventors have manufactured various prototype fluorescent lamps with various color temperatures and chromaticity points above and below the BBL and synthetic daylight locus 1-1 to actually attach them to lighting equipment, and have investigated the beauty of the shade. ,
A large number of testers will conduct comparative evaluations on whether the products feel fresh and bright. As a result, the color temperature is y
Regardless of the value, lamps in the 4,500 to 5,500 K range received good evaluations, so we secondarily evaluated lamps with different y values within this range, and found that lamps with high y values, that is, lamps with a yellowish tinge, were shaded. was given the lowest rating because it looked old and dirty. Also, a lamp with a low y value, that is, a pinkish one, is better than a yellowish one, but an excessively pink one will give a low evaluation, and the light color of the lamp with the highest evaluation is neither yellowish nor pinkish. It emits a clear white light.

The chromaticity range of the favorable lamp thus obtained is shown in the ranges (a), (b), and (c) in Fig. 4. A typical lamp among them is indicated by a dot ((roll)) in the figure.Point (A)
is the same as (35) shown in FIG. Expressing this chromaticity range numerically, x+-=0.351 yI
==0.357, X2=0.352 y2=
0.363, X3=0.340 y3=0.3
48X4: 0.340 y4 = 0.354, resulting in four points.

FIG. 5 shows a typical lamp according to the present invention (point (A) in FIG. 4).
This shows the spectral energy distribution of .

The color temperature of this lamp is 5000K and the y value is BBL
and the synthetic daylight trajectory. It has been found that in this color temperature region where the trajectories of BBL and synthetic daylight are parallel, it is preferable to have chromaticity coordinates between them.

In Figure 3, the dotted lines indicate the chromaticity classification of fluorescent lamps defined by JIS, which indicates white and daylight, respectively. Although the representative lamp according to the present invention shown above falls into the white category, it is very different in light color from the ordinary white lamps that are currently widely used. The color temperature of all ordinary fluorescent lamps is approximately 4200K.

The reason why the above-mentioned 1-dichromaticity range is around 5000 K as a visually pleasing light color is that especially when attached to a lighting equipment and rated 1-, white at 4200 K has a color temperature of 5000 K. The colors are projected as they are.

The color has a yellowish tinge and looks old, especially with white shade. On the other hand, this is thought to be because the daylight color of 6500 gives a pale and sunken feeling, while around 5000 gives a refreshing and clear feeling.

Based on the above results, the inventors of the present invention have thoroughly investigated ways to complete the product as a product.

The commonly considered method is to use a halophosphate phosphor as a base and add a phosphor that emits blue, green, red, etc. to it, but this method requires Due to the introduction of phosphors with different characteristics, the light color may vary and change over time.1. There are some drawbacks such as: Also, a 3-component mixture of blue, green and red, so-called 3
The wavelength type has good efficiency and color rendering properties, but it is expensive and there are limits to its widespread use in general households. In order to create a lamp that is inexpensive and has excellent efficiency and working characteristics, the present inventors attempted a method that had never been used before, by combining only halophosphate phosphors, and achieved their goal. was completed. When combining only halophosphate phosphors, the powder properties and working characteristics are similar.

This has the advantage that variations in light color are less likely to occur.

Therefore, we will discuss what kind of halophosphate phosphors should be combined to obtain the light color obtained from the evaluation results.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the desired light color is expressed by chromaticity, point (35) is shown as an example.

In the figure, if you mix white (31) and daylight color (32), (
A lamp with a color temperature of 5000 K can be obtained on the line connecting 31) and (32). 1 to 1, but this would result in a y value that is too high for the purpose and is not desirable. Also, (33) (34) in the figure
), a lamp with a color temperature of 5000 K can be obtained.

This time, the y value is too low and is not suitable for our purpose.

The combination of phosphors that provides the desired chromaticity point is (
3]) (33) (34), similarly (3)
2) If it is a combination of (33) (34) or (32) (34).

On the triangle or line obtained by connecting them (35)
Since the chromaticity points of the lamp are included, it is possible to obtain a lamp with the desired light color. This is because (31) to (34) are all halophosphate phosphors described above.

Efficient light color with less variation in preferred light color.

(II) It was possible to obtain a fluorescent lamp that fully utilizes the features of halophosphate phosphors such as excellent working characteristics and low cost.

Next, the characteristics of the fluorescent lamp obtained in 51-- will be explained.

Table 1 shows the brightness, chromaticity, temperature, and color rendering properties of a circular 30 watt type fluorescent lamp according to a typical example of the present invention compared with ordinary white and daylight colored fluorescent lamps. . The average color rendering index (Ra) shows the values from two sets of 1st and 2nd editions, which represent the 1st and 2nd editions of the CIE (International Commission on Illumination) color rendering evaluation method publication. Compared to the first edition, the second edition adopts chromatic adaptation correction and is considered to be a more advanced evaluation method.

Furthermore, among the recently proposed methods for evaluating the quality of light sources, 9 indicate the human preference for lighting sources, 1- the comfort rating (Rf), and the ability to distinguish between many different colors. This is indicated as color discrimination ability (G). These are considered to be important evaluation methods for evaluating the quality of lighting (2).

Table 1 shows that the fluorescent lamp according to the present invention has lower brightness than the conventional ordinary white fluorescent lamp, but higher brightness than the daylight colored fluorescent lamp and is more efficient.

Regarding color rendering, which evaluates the quality of illumination, the three types of lamps shown in Table 2 have different color temperatures.For fluorescent lamps for general lighting, the higher the color temperature, the higher the color rendering index. Comparative evaluation in a strict sense is problematic, however, as it is easy to

The product of the present invention shows evaluation scores equivalent to or higher than white fluorescent lamps as well as daylight color fluorescent lamps with high color temperature for all VC items, which proves that the fluorescent lamp of the present invention provides high quality illumination. There is.

As explained above, the present invention aims to improve the comfort of lighting.

The chromaticity range shown in the claims is found as the light color of a fluorescent lamp from 1 to 1, which is suitable for visual psychological characteristics such as decorativeness or aesthetics.

In particular, the quality improvement effect for residential lighting is significant.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a fluorescent lamp according to the present invention. (I5) Figure 2 is a spectral distribution diagram of a conventional fluorescent lamp, Figure 3 is a chromaticity diagram showing the light color of the fluorescent lamp, and Figure 4 is a color diagram showing the chromaticity range of the fluorescent lamp of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a spectral distribution diagram of the fluorescent lamp of the present invention. 1 is a glass tube, 2 is a phosphor. Agent Shin Kuzuno - (16)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Color temperature ranges from 4800K to 5200K. And on the x,y chromaticity diagram, x1=0.351.
y1=0.357, x2=0.352,
y2=0.363, x3=-0,340°y3=
0.348 and X4 = ・0.340, y4
A fluorescent lamp with chromaticity coordinates in a rectangle connecting the four points of = 0.354 (2) A patent claim characterized in that a halophosphate phosphor activated with antimony and manquan is used as a phosphor, and 1-< is a mixture of this and an antimony-activated halophosphate phosphor. Fluorescent lamps described in item 1 of the scope of