JPS58119394A - Method and apparatus for methane fermentation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To subject excretion of a domestic animal to methane fermentation almost perfectly, by a method wherein the excretion of a domestic animal is decomposed to a low molecular substance in an aerobic atmosphere by oxidative heat generation due to aerobic bacteria and the decomposed excretion of the domestic animal is subjected to methane fermentation in an anaerobic atmosphere to be naturally recirculated by a convection. CONSTITUTION:The excretion of a domestic animal is decomposed to a low molecular substance in a decomposition tank 1 under an aerobic atmosphere and, in a methane fermentation tank 2 under an anaerobic atmosphere provided to the rear stage of the tank 1, a bottom part 4 to which gradient is imparted so as to be gradually made deeper toward an outlet side end part from an inlet side end part is provided to naturally recirculate the decomposed excretion of the domestic animal through the fermentation tank 2 from the upper part of the inlet side end part as shown by a dotted line 9 by a convection due to methane fermentation. In addition, in a purifying tank 3 under an aerobic atmosphere having aerobic bacteria provided to the rear stage of the tank 2, the excretion of the domestic animal after methane fermentation is received from the lower part of the inlet side end part to be separated into a digestion sludge and a disconnected liquid.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This relates to an apparatus, particularly a method and apparatus for methane fermentation of the manure of livestock such as cows, horses, pigs, and chickens.Currently, with the spread of chemical fertilizers, the use of manure from cattle, horses, pigs, chickens, etc. Farmers are also having trouble disposing of the manure of livestock such as chickens, and various pollution problems are occurring around these processing pipes. When exposed to more than 5000 ml of water, methane fermentation occurs in an anaerobic atmosphere, producing methane gas,
Decomposed into carbon dioxide, water, and a small amount of residue. Many different methane fermentation methods have been announced to date, but they are difficult to manage, produce a large amount of residue, produce a bad odor, and have low methane production efficiency. On the other hand, although the content of recent livestock feed has changed to more easily digestible and highly nutritious foods, Due to lack of exercise and decreased digestive function and organ malfunction, the rate of nutrient absorption is poor, resulting in a large amount of feces, and unabsorbed organic matter in the feces used to be approximately
What used to be around 1 or less is now about 3, and it has enough nutritional value that it can be reused as feed when reprocessed. Therefore, the methane fermentation method can sufficiently decompose even this highly nutritious livestock manure. was requested.

The object of the present invention is to provide a methane fermentation method that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks.

The method of the present invention involves treating livestock manure with aerobic W in an aerobic atmosphere.
! The decomposed livestock manure is methane-fermented in an anaerobic atmosphere, and the livestock manure is thoroughly mixed by natural circulation by convection. Thereafter, the sludge is treated with aerobic WIK in an aerobic atmosphere and separated into digested sludge and synergic liquid.

The natural circulation of livestock manure by convection within the methane fermentation tank is
Strengthened by the circulating flow generated by the flow of livestock manure
Approximately m degree is suitable.◎ The method of the present invention is conveniently applied to the patent application filed by the present applicant! It can be conveniently combined with the methane fermentation method of Meng-Ztott. For example, livestock manure can be deoxidized after being decomposed into low molecules, and then subjected to methane fermentation, and it is preferable to deoxygenate the decomposed livestock manure to a cumulative dissolved acid content of about 1 tppm. The temperature for methane fermentation can be between about is and 3°C, and for high temperature methane fermentation about 10-j
, 7°C is preferred, and for mesophilic methane fermentation about 3°C.
5-3g"C3 is preferred.

The present invention also relates to patent application Sho St-1 filed by the present applicant.
Can be combined with the invention of No. 91134 as appropriate. For example, either heterotrophic bacteria or fiber-degrading microorganisms can be used in the molecular weight reduction step. In this case, it is preferable to use Trichoderma and lignin-degrading bacteria. 0 Also, V livestock manure after methane fermentation 1 Facultative anaerobic bacteria such as Asiorodaceae, especially Rhodopseudomonas /!
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an apparatus for methane fermentation. The methane fermentation device of the invention includes a low molecular weight tank in an aerobic atmosphere containing aerobic bacteria that decomposes livestock manure into low molecular weight molecules, and a low molecular weight tank provided at the rear stage of the low molecular weight tank, from the inlet side end to the outlet side end. Methane fermentation in an anaerobic atmosphere, which has a bottom with a slope that gradually becomes deeper, allowing low-molecular-weight livestock manure to be naturally circulated through convection in the receiving tank from above the inlet end. A septic tank with an aerobic atmosphere that has a tank and aerobic bacteria that is installed downstream of the methane fermentation tank and receives livestock manure after methane fermentation from the lower part of the inlet side end and separates it into digested sludge and desorbed liquid. and t.

It is preferable to attach a stirrer to the depolymerization tank and sufficiently stir the livestock manure, as it will promote decomposition into low molecular weight products.In addition, blowing 9 air with a blower will prevent oxidative exothermic decomposition by aerobic bacteria. This is preferable because it promotes this.

In particular, when the sloped bottom of a methane fermentation tank is shaped like a ship's bottom as shown in Figure 1, livestock manure collects on the ship's bottom and convection is facilitated.The preferred 0 slope is approximately n.
〉If it is core°, successive appropriate amount of solids or digested sludge is slid down KIT! In addition, it is preferable to provide a gas pressure safety device so that the pressure of methane gas produced by lji fermentation does not become dangerous.

The generated methane gas is stored in the upper part of the cypress and taken out from there through appropriate pipes and valves.The liquid level in the tank fluctuates depending on the gas production and usage conditions. Digested sludge and desorbed liquid are introduced into the lower part of the septic tank.In order to promote the purification effect by the proliferation of aerobic bacteria such as zooglaea, it is preferable to blow air into the septic tank using a blower. . The desorbed liquid is discharged from the upper part of the cypress by a method such as overflow.In the septic tank, the discharged liquid from the methane fermentation process is treated undiluted by the photosynthetic bacteria method (for example, % Ganshoti - tvda J
[by Meng's method], so dilution water is almost unnecessary;
The power consumption is also only about W% compared to the conventional activated sludge treatment method.

The solid matter of livestock manure after being reduced to a low molecular weight in the low molecular weight conversion tank is at the entrance 1InI! Because methane S is fed from the upper part of the chamber and there is a partition plate protruding from the bottom plate, it is difficult to collect methane S.
It is difficult to enter the fermented cypress button. Therefore, when this solid material is introduced into the methane fermentation tank from above the inlet gM end of the methane fermentation tank using a pump, etc., the force of convection in the tank increases, and the livestock manure in the tank is sufficiently mixed. This is suitable because the fermentation can be carried out sufficiently and the solid matter of low-molecular-weight livestock manure can be drawn out from the low-molecular-weight tank. Similarly, if the digested sludge of livestock manure in the methane fermentation tank accumulates an excessively high amount of tK, the convective mixing effect within the tank will decrease. Since the amount decreases, pump it up as appropriate. When these digested sludges are coated on the surface of the zeolite powder'f and the digested sludge using, for example, a zeolite powder coating machine, organic fertilizer can be conveniently produced as a by-product.

If the partition wall between the low molecular weight conversion tank and the methane fermentation tank is a partition wall that does not reach the bottom @1, the aerobic atmosphere of the low molecular weight conversion tank and the anaerobic atmosphere of the methane fermentation tank will be cut off. Both the fermentation process and the methane fermentation process can be performed efficiently.

It is preferable to cover the low molecular weight tank, methane fermentation tank, and septic tank with a heat insulating material to improve the efficiency of methane fermentation. After installing the insulation material, it can be buried in the soil as required. In addition, as described in the patent application 1972-stove 47 + button, heating can be done with a layer of exothermic material or a heating device, but in the case of medium-temperature methane fermentation, heating is required.
Since the degree is low, it can be omitted.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and buttons.

A snowmaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 1 to 3 is formed by connecting a low molecular weight tank L, a methane fermentation tank L, and a septic tank J, and the various bottom parts are shaped like a ship's bottom. It is convenient for temporarily or permanently collecting various solids or digested sludge at the end of the outlet side, which is formed and has a slope that decreases from the inlet side to the outlet 11. be. There is a partition wall in the final stage of the low-molecular conversion tank, which is equipped with an agitator and a low-molecular-weight conversion tank that converts livestock manure fed from the inlet section into low-molecular weight. The height of the partition wall is slightly lower than the height of the inlet part I to prevent the backflow of livestock manure from the methane fermentation tank I to the low molecular weight conversion tank L. The converted livestock manure overflows over the partition wall and enters the low molecular weight conversion tank.
The final stage of Hinoki // K can be entered. Low molecular weight tank
A partition wall t separates the final stage 411/' from the methane fermentation tank.

Since there is a gap between the lower tip of the partition wall l and the bottom plate, the livestock manure in the final stage l' and the livestock manure in the methane S fermentation hinoki are in communication with each other, and the liquid level of both is lowered. will be at the same level. This liquid level rises and falls depending on the amount of livestock manure fed in and the amount of methane gas generated or withdrawn tK, but the outer wall/4 of the septic tank J, which is connected to the methane fermentation tank, is slightly lower in height than the partition wall. Also, the height of the partition wall will not be high.

Therefore, backflow of livestock manure from the methane fermentation tank to the low-molecular-weighting tank is prevented.The natural circulation of livestock manure in the methane fermentation tank through flK is carried out in the direction indicated by the dotted lines. Accumulation of solids at the bottom of the methane fermentation vessel impedes the overall fermentation of the solids, reduces the amount of gas generated, and increases the amount of residue; Therefore, it is almost completely prevented.

A partition wall IO is provided between the methane fermentation tank 1 and the septic tank J, and a communication pipe 1/ is provided at the lower part of the partition wall IO, or the lower part is cut out to communicate the methane fermentation tank 1 and the septic tank J, Livestock manure and urine from the methane fermentation tank are also made to flow into the septic tank 3. As mentioned above, the outer wall ltI of the septic tank J is made slightly lower than the partition wall F, so that the desorbed liquid flows through the outer wall 1.
A drainage opening /4/ may be provided in the outer wall of a busy basin so that it can overflow and be discharged naturally.

The solid matter of livestock manure in the low-molecular-weighting tank 1 is fed into the methane fermentation tank from above immediately behind the partition wall t by a pump 13. The digested sludge in the methane fermentation tank K and the digested sludge in the septic tank J are sucked up from just above the bottom of the end of the pump/tl (through the Yoshiparub 17, the outlet 91 of the methane fermentation tank K and the septic tank J), and The surface of the powder submersible machine/9 is coated with eryzeolite and recovered as organic fertilizer.

Low molecular weight tank I and septic tank JK? Methane gas, carbon dioxide gas, and sulfide gas generated in the methane fermentation tank -1, in which air is blown into the tank to promote lower molecular weight and purification, are passed through the upper methane gas outlet pipe n to the desulfurizer. , enters the pressure regulating tank core that also serves as a gas holder. wc/In the diagram, the reference numbers are the safety devices such as water ring type safety device, Jl pressure gauge, and 3JFi manometer〇Normally, aerobic fermentation for about ~3 days at the low molecular weight species stage, methane fermentation tank Then, anaerobic methane distillation is carried out for about ~1 day, and at the septic tank stage, aerobic purification by so-called ``Shungiku j'' is carried out for about -7 days.
0 ppm becomes less than about JppH at the discharge point /j @The elapsed time during this time is about 3θ days O Input to the low molecular weight tank l or especially the methane S cypress to prevent the generation of bubbles or remove bad odors It is preferable to use an agent. The input agent Fi is preferably a fermentation-promoting anti-acid substance, Il. The amount of humic bacteria input is approximately / / / 1000 per livestock manure.
◎Usually, when treating approximately 7 liters of livestock manure, approximately J-j%, or 0.0 t to 0.0 t, is used. /1 t/day of digested sludge is produced. Digested sludge is selectively extracted from the bottom of the outlet end of the purification tank J by a pump/& with one Mf.
It is treated with a zeolite powder coating machine and coated with zeolite powder to become an organic fertilizer. , the inner tank moves up and down due to the inflow and outflow of gas, and is connected to the inner tank! The chain wheel opens and closes the valve.

The methane fermentation tank is made entirely of steel plates with Epotal coating on the inside and outside, and the hollow part is filled with insulation to prevent leakage.

Low molecular weight conversion tank/, methane fermentation tank and septic tank JFi are buried in the ground to provide double leakage prevention. Equipment K has a pressure gauge of 31. i-meter JJ1 water seal safety device-9 and valve 17
has been deployed to ensure the safety of the methane 9 fermentation equipment and gas holder/pressure adjustment tank J7.

The method of the present invention will be explained, for example, in the case of breeding pigs of 200 hours.

The average amount of feces from one pig is about 1,000 g/day, and the average amount of urine is about -06 dr#/day, so the total amount of urine taken by 200 pigs is about 24,906/day. The volume of low-molecular-weight cypress is 11F
#'i Approximately 8 to 10 x 10 cm, the capacity of the methane fermentation tank is approximately 1 de 0 x 1,000 yen! 40 days worth of adventure! Ko!
-1 The capacity of a septic tank is approximately 90 mm (× 1 day; approximately 1 θ 7 mm
Therefore, the total amount of each variety is approximately 9J and 9 bags. The overall size of the tank is 7 m long x width 3 m, outer wall / J, / evening height, respectively bobble shoulder and da, 3 m, slope n at the bottom, length of low molecular weight tank I 3! Stirring, the length of the methane fermentation tank! ,θkoj+
m, the length of the septic tank J is 0.4 cm, and the desulfurizer is φ:
The size of the gas holder/pressure regulating tank core is 2j0 x h 100 WX, and the size of the gas holder/pressure regulating tank core is JmxhJ, rim. Supply methane gas for combustion or power generation.

Methane fermentation is carried out by IAS fermentation at approximately 35-31℃.
Calculate the amount of methane gas generated by considering only cellulose, for example. The basic reaction formula is as follows:〇(C6F?,.05),! 10(n-1)H,O-x
nC6H, 20617 reference y
192 1C6H, 206= C3
H60,+ C2H50H+ Co2191 f
jo 1CHOH= CH
O+ 20H4 25242! Of J411 Amount of excrement and urine in -6deθ-In Xchi is an organic substance (considering cellulose, zstr;p is cellulose, so according to the above basic formula, /riteif: /9kof = !rJt000
f : x x = ! De3
4! r! rf/deco f: ! r0 1-!
rtJ41kl: X'x'
=1Hz de'ry! θ l : 34 F
= /! 41!97f! X#
X' = ///J101.74 f:
I//310f = here, et: X”
X''; 4th day! In other words, the amount of methane gas generated by feeding one day's worth of livestock manure into the equipment is approximately 69 Fl.
(excluding Cot). When this methane gas is used for power generation, the calorific value of methane gas is deooo Kmt/s
As 49nLWjioo.

Kml/a' = 421000 Kart's heat value is obtained, rho xmfakW? JJ kW of power is obtained and the efficiency is j'? -As! // J4 ff of power is obtained for n/x hours, i.e., every hour.

Thus, according to the present invention, even in the case of medium-temperature methane fermentation, which has slightly lower efficiency than high-temperature methane fermentation, both the low-molecular-weighting step and the methane fermentation step can be performed efficiently and with low JIK, and compared to conventional processing. We conveniently dispose of livestock manure, which was difficult to treat, and prevent eutrophication of water bodies, bad odors, and water pollution.
When a large amount of methane gas or electricity is obtained, organic matter can be obtained as a living organism. Therefore, the present invention is extremely useful industrially.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to specific examples and numerical values, it is obvious that various modifications and modifications can be made without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a method of methane S fermentation of livestock manure, etc., the livestock manure is oxidized and exothermicly decomposed into low molecules by aerobic bacteria in an aerobic atmosphere, and the decomposed livestock manure is subjected to anaerobic atmosphere. Make methane fully H in the tank and let it naturally accumulate by convection to mix thoroughly.
A methane fermentation method characterized by almost completely methane fermenting livestock manure and then treating it again with aerobic IIK in an aerobic atmosphere to separate the digested sludge from the desorbed liquid◇ 2. In the methane fermentation method according to claim 1, the natural circulation of domestic waste and urine by methane fllrliK is strengthened by the circulation la flow caused by the flow of livestock manure. 3. Claim 1! In the methane fermentation method described in e.g., the molecular weight reduction is carried out at a temperature of about 53° C. or lower.
The molecular weight reduction should be carried out at a temperature around 4116°C. 5. In the methane III formation method described in claim 81, deoxygenating the livestock II urine after lowering the molecular weight and before the methane formation. 6. In the methane fermentation method according to claim 5,
In the methane fermentation method according to claim 1, deoxidizing livestock manure Yr # present M amount to about o, z ppm,
Methane fermentation [approx./! 8. Claims [In the methane fermentation method described, the methane fermentation is carried out at a temperature of about Jj~, 71'0!! In the methane fermentation method of
Approximately 7 in an anaerobic atmosphere using facultative anaerobic m#i of livestock manure before methane fermentation or treatment with aerobic bacteria! −
Processing with ut+0 10. @ In the methane fermentation method according to claim 9, a bacterium belonging to the family Asiorhodae is used as the facultative anaerobic bacterium. Using bacteria of the genus Rhodopseudomonas. 12. In the methane WIilF1 method according to claim 1, the aerobic bacterium Zooglaia is used as the aerobic bacterium. A low molecular weight conversion tank with an aerobic atmosphere and a bottom section provided at the rear of the low molecular weight conversion tank and gradually becoming deeper from the inlet side end to the outlet* end. Anaerobic W1 that naturally circulates excreta from above the inlet end in the reception hall and hinoki by convection due to methane fermentation! An aerobic atmosphere containing an aerobic methane fermentation tank and aerobic bacteria installed at the latter stage of the methane fermentation tank to receive livestock manure after methane fermentation from the lower part of one end of the inlet and separate it into digested sludge and desorbed liquid. A methane fermentation device comprising a septic tank. 14. In the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, increasing the active agitation of the low molecular weight tank. 15. In the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, increasing the slope of the methane S fermentation barrel. The bottom part shall be formed in the shape of a ship's bottom. 16. In the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, the slope of the bottom of the methane fermentation tank is set to about -1 to core 0. 17.% Permissible In the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, the solid matter of livestock manure that has been reduced to a low molecular weight is sucked up to the inlet 1 of the methane fermentation tank! A pump is installed to supply water from above the end button. 18. In the methane alcohol neckband according to claim 13, a partition plate is provided at the rear stage of the low-molecular-weight tank to separate livestock manure into front and back parts, protruding from the bottom plate.019, claim 18
In the methane fermentation apparatus described above, the height of the protruding partition plate of the low molecular weight tank is set to a height at which low molecular weight livestock manure flows into the methane fermentation tank by over 70 degrees, and claim 13 In a methane fermentation device, the methane fermentation tank and septic tank are connected at the bottom of the pipe0 7.4? In the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, the outlet end of the septic tank is configured so that the desorbed liquid is discharged by overflow. η, In the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, an air pump is provided for blowing air into the low molecular weight tank and the septic tank. 2. In the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, the methane fermentation tank A drawer pump is provided to draw out either or both of the digested sludge accumulated at the bottom of the outlet end of the septic tank and the pre-digested sludge accumulated at the bottom of the outlet end of the septic tank.02
, in the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 13,
The bottom of the low molecular weight conversion tank and septic tank is sloped from the inlet end to the outlet end. 25. In the methane fermentation equipment described in Claim 24, the sloped bottoms of the low molecular weight tank and the septic tank are shaped like a ship's bottom. 2. In the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 24, the slope of the bottom of the low molecular weight tank and the septic tank is about n to 27°. 2. In the methane fermentation apparatus according to claim 13, the surrounding wall surface of any/more than one of the low molecular weight tank, the methane fermentation tank, and the septic tank is kept warm with a heat insulating material.@28, @FF Claim 13 When the methane fermentation equipment is busy, no pyrogenic substances or heating devices are installed around the methane fermentation tank.