JPS58116953A - Method and device for consolidating mold material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention utilizes a preload chamber with a high pressure of mold material loosely filled on the master mold in a closed molding space through a closable opening between the chamber and the molding space. The present invention relates to a method of compaction by means of high-pressure gas that is sent into the molding space and acts on the surface of the mold material.

There are a wide variety of methods for consolidating mold materials, including mechanical consolidation,
Pneumatic consolidation methods and combined mechanical-pneumatic methods are known. Of these, only the pneumatic method is relevant to the present invention. Pneumatic methods essentially fall into two categories. In the first category, gas pressure is applied to the mold material in the prechamber, a valve is opened, and the mold material is blown or injected with air into the molding space. This method additionally requires additional mechanical pressing of the mold material with considerable pressing pressure within the forming box (e.g.

West German Publication No. 2,844,464). In the second category, the mold material is loosely filled into the master form-F and then high-pressure air is applied to the mold material from the back of the mold (for example, West German Publication No. 2,844,464, West German Publication No. 961.
No. 234).

In this case, essentially two variants are known. In the first modification example (West German Publication No. 2,844,464), high-pressure air at a maximum of 7 bar is supplied from an existing high-pressure source in the factory through the opening of the hollow closing plate of the molding space for 0.2 to 1 seconds.
One or more blows, in which case the air passing through the mold sand has to be evacuated through openings in the master plate. In this case, too, a mechanical supplementary pressing operation is necessary in order to consolidate the mold back and to eliminate any air remaining in the mold material due to flow effects. In this case, the evacuation of residual air must be assisted by negative pressure. With this method it is not possible to significantly reduce equipment costs compared to the injection blow method.

In another modification (West German Publication No. 1,961,234):
Work in high pressure range. That is, the pressure in the front chamber must be higher than the operating pressure (maximum 7 bar) of the high-pressure circuit permanently installed in the factory. In known cases, 20-100ba
A preload of r is used. This pressure can be up to 0.1
It is transmitted into the molding space within 5 seconds. In this case, the usual supplementary press is not required. A prerequisite for success in this method is the ratio of the gas flow rate to the amount of mold material. This ratio should vary from 5:l to 40:1, and with this ratio.

The relationship between gas current and molding box dimensions is determined. A molding machine implementing this method includes a closed molding box 1p or a pressure vessel above a filling frame placed on the molding box 1 which forms a front chamber that can be connected to the molding space via a mechanically actuated valve. A molding machine equipped with this is described (West German Publication No. 1,961,234).

For reasonable construction dimensions, for a molded box of normal dimensions,
A preload of 100 bar has been proposed to be applied to the molding space to achieve a satisfactory consolidation within said space. Such high pressure occurs when high pressure gas collides with the back of the mold.
Unevenness occurs on the surface of the mold material.

Furthermore, the equipment costs are high in order to generate such high pressures and provide the necessary compressive strength in the molding space.

Therefore, in the prior art, the high-pressure gas is further applied uniformly to the back side of the mold by means of a distribution plate, and the high-pressure gas is further discharged through a number of openings in the master plate. These openings tend to become clogged with mold material and are therefore a constant source of trouble.

The object of the invention is to proceed from the above-mentioned prior art.

The object of the present invention is to provide a consolidation method that can perform uniform and sufficiently high consolidation without the need for mechanical supplementary pressing, and can obtain a uniform mold material surface.

This objective is based on the present invention: the maximum pressure is 8 bar and the gas flow is greater than 50 kg/4.

This is achieved by supplying high-pressure gas into the molding space under conditions where the pressure increase rate in the molding space is greater than 300 bar/). The pressure in the molding space increases, initially slowly 1 and then rapidly, from 1 bar to a maximum pressure of 1, and the pressure increase further depends on the pneumatic conditions, so that the measured force in the molding space is 1.5 bar. (
In case 7), the above value is obtained which is even larger than 300bar157.

The known method (West German Publication No. 1,961,234) includes:
As an extreme example, a method is described in which a pressure gradient of 516 bar/Zeng is achieved, this value being related to the pressure drop in the prepressure chamber. That is, due to the dimensions of the valve opening and the structure of the valve, the pressure gradient in the molding space is much less than 300 bar/$. Furthermore, the gas flow rate in the prior art is about 6/m, and in the present invention, even for small molded boxes, the gas flow rate is at least so kf/m;
In the case of a normal molded box, the amount is more than 100 kr/-, and in the case of a large molded box, it is several hundred kg/-. According to the present invention, the occurrence of unevenness on the surface of the mold material is prevented because the pressure within the molding space does not exceed the limit value of 8 bar.
Prevented. In this case, it is important for the consolidation effect that the pressure increase rate in the forming space is greater than 300 bar/j#, and the pressure decrease rate in the prepressure chamber is irrelevant.

Experiments have shown that by combining the above operating means, complete mold material consolidation can be achieved both in the width and depth directions of the molding space, and that a uniform mold material surface can be obtained. The high pressure gas outlet on the prototype pret is generally unnecessary.

Only needed if the archetype is deep. Therefore, the action of the method according to the invention is not attributable to the flow (or only slightly attributable to the flow), but rather to a kind of piston action of the high-pressure gas and to dynamic pressure effects within the mold material. considered to be a thing.

In the method according to the invention, the pressure in the prepressure chamber can be lower than 120 bar. This pressure can be obtained at relatively reasonable mechanical cost. On the other hand, the pressures of up to 100 bar required in the prior art are expensive to produce and therefore make this known method economically disadvantageous.

The present invention includes five methods for carrying out the method: a pressure vessel forming a pre-pressure chamber; a forming box disposed below the container and containing a filling frame and forming a forming space; and a forming box forming a bottom surface of the forming box. Starting from a known device (German Publication No. 1,961,234), which consists of a master plate containing the master and a valve arranged between the pressure vessel and the molding box. The valves of this known device are disk valves with a pneumatic-mechanical auxiliary drive for opening and closing an opening of relatively small cross-section between the pressure vessel and the molding box. In order to prevent the jet flow of high-pressure gas from directly impinging on the mold material surface, a distribution cone is provided below the valve opening, and below the cone there is a perforated r&- extending over the entire molding space. Bottom with adjustable slit (West German open cylinder no. 2,151,949)
is the provision. With this device it is not possible to achieve the pressure gradients greater than 300 bar/+, which are required according to the invention in the molding space. In the present invention, pressure increase is achieved by making the cross-sectional area of the valve opening 50 to 150% of the cross-sectional area of the molding box. In this case, several ms (for example, 1
It is advantageous if the valve is provided with an opening/closing mechanism which can open the opening at 0 m5). The mass of the moving parts of the opening/closing mechanism is approximately 100kl.
)/valve area -, the above operation can be performed by a reasonably priced drive mechanism. The above condition is further satisfied only when the drive mechanism of the opening/closing mechanism is separated from the portion of the opening/closing mechanism that opens and closes the valve.

Several embodiments of devices satisfying the above-mentioned structural and functional requirements are illustrated and described below.

In the drawings, only those parts of the compaction apparatus that are necessary for understanding the present invention are shown. That is, the equipment stand, the elevating device for the molding box and the filling frame, the demolding device, etc. are not shown. Furthermore, since the prototype operating device and mold sand filling device are also known, the second
Not shown except in the diagram.

On the master plate l containing the master (not shown),
A molding box 2 is mounted 9, and a filling frame 3 is mounted on the molding box. These members form a molding space. A pressure vessel is provided above the molding space, which receives high-pressure gas of up to 20 bar, which is supplied from the high-pressure circuit (in the case of low pressures) over the pressure accumulator via the stud 5.

In the embodiment of the first factor, the pressure vessel is provided with an opening in the center, the interior of which corresponds approximately to the free cross section of the filling frame 3. The pressure vessel 4 is fitted with an extension 38 extending downwardly from the opening 6. Prototype plate 1. “The unit consisting of the forming box 2 and the filling frame 3 can be inserted into the extension 3B from below.

The edge 7 of the opening 6 forms a sealing valve seat of a valve 8 with an elastic opening/closing mechanism 9 . In this embodiment, the opening/closing mechanism 9 can be inflated like a balloon, and in the inflated state, the pressure vessel 4
It is constructed as a membrane lO that is in close contact with the edge 7 of the opening.

The edge 12 of the membrane 10 extends above the bottom surface of the pressure vessel 4. For this purpose, there is a ring 13 and a plate 14, supported on the bottom side, which are clamped together by screws and sandwich the edges of the membrane 10.

The plate 14 is held by a central pipe 15 fixed to the lid 16 of the pressure vessel 4. This pipe connects the interior of the membrane 10 with a source of high pressure gas (not shown) which provides actuation air to close the valve 8. A tube pinch valve 17 is provided between the high pressure gas source and the membrane 10, which can be opened and closed by a three-way valve 18. In the region of the lower mouth of the pipe 15 there is provided a shaped element with a gradual transition on which the membrane 10 can rest.

Under the action of the working air supplied via the pipe 15, the membrane 10 expands outwards and clings to the edge 7 of the opening. In this state, the pressure vessel is filled with high pressure gas at a maximum of 20 bar. A molding unit consisting of a molding box and a filling frame is pressed onto the lower edge of the extension 38 of the pressure vessel 4. At the latest during the filling operation of the pressure vessel 4, the pinch valve 17 is closed. The pinch valve 17 opens automatically under the action of the pressure in the pipe 15 when the actuating air that closes the pinch valve 17 is suddenly released, so that the high pressure gas in the pressure vessel 4 flows between the ring 13 and the pressure vessel. It flows through the annular flow section 19 between it and the bottom surface and presses the membrane 10 sharply, so that it abuts the surface of the profile at the lower end of the pipe 15 . The high-pressure gas thus flows into the molding space via the opening 6 and exerts a consolidating effect on the mold material surface. The consolidation effect is based on a combination of pressurization, such as a piston, and flow phenomena with the generation of dynamic pressure.

As long as the cross-sections of the pipe 15 and the pinch valve 17 are large enough to provide rapid evacuation of the working air, the opening time of [10] is in the range of ms. Furthermore, the actuating air discharge cross-section of the pinch valve must be correspondingly large. With this structure, inside the molding space! as 300bar
Pressure gradients greater than /6 can be obtained.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, mold material must be filled into the molding space outside the consolidation station.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a filling hopper 2 for mold material is provided above the molding space consisting of the molding box 2 and the filling frame 3.
A filling shaft 20 with 1 is arranged coaxially. The filling shirt 20 can be closed to the molding space by means of a damper 52 or the like. An axially extending housing 38 is provided between the damper 52 and the filling frame 3.

In this embodiment, the pressure vessel 4 has an annular configuration,
It surrounds a filling shaft 20 that passes through the center of the container.

The pressure vessel 4 is provided with an annular opening 22 concentric to the filling shaft 20 and connected to an annular opening 23 in the area of the damper 52 . This annular opening 23 partially closes the filling shaft 20 housing or housing 38, however,
Enclose it as large as possible. For example, the annular opening 23 is not provided only on the side where the damper 52 is pulled out. The annular opening 23 is.

It communicates with the housing 38 via the conical portion 24 .

In addition to the annular opening 23, the valve 8 has a channel 2 for working air.
It has an annular bellows 25 forming the side facing the annular opening 23 of 6. The range of the damper is further.

A sealed chamber 27 is provided surrounding the filling shaft 20 and cooperating with an opening and closing mechanism in the form of an annular bellows 25. The annular bellows 25 is forced into the annular opening 23 by the actuating air supplied to the channel 26 and comes into close contact with the seat 27 .

During the compaction operation, working air is exhausted from the channel 26, so that the annular bellows 25 is deflected outwards under the action of the high pressure gas in the pressure vessel 4. The entire cross-sectional area of the annular opening 23 is thus utilized for the supply of high-pressure gas. Therefore,
High pressure gas rushes into the nozzle 38 or molding space.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a pressure tube 28 is disposed in the pressure vessel 4 in the axial direction. One end of the tube is fixed between the ring 29 and the flange 30 of the support pipe 31, and the lower end is inserted into the opening 6 of the pressure vessel number. An annular sealing dust 32 is fixed in the range of the opening 6 and is tapered downward. Inside the tube 28 is a retaining ring 3 that can be raised and lowered by a lifting mechanism 34.
3 is a provision. If you lower the retaining ring, tube 2
8 can be suspended within the opening 6. Retaining ring 3
3, the tube will close to the retaining ring and seal chamber 32.
is fixed between.

When starting the consolidation of the mold material, the stop ring 331! Lower it slightly. The high pressure gas in the pressure vessel 4 thus compresses the tube 28 inwardly and flows rapidly into the forming spaces 2, 3 via the stop ring 33. In order to restore the compressed tube 28 to the desired shape, an expansion ring 53 is placed concentrically within the tube 2s. After pressure release,
When the ring is lowered, the tube 28 is pushed outward and the lower end of the tube hangs into the opening 6. Then, by raising the retaining ring 33, the tube 28 is fixed again.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the opening/closing mechanism 9 is.

It consists of a membrane 3II that is torn when opened.

This membrane 35 is wound around a storage bobbin 37 provided on one side of the molding space consisting of the filling frame 3 and the molding box 2, and an endless strip is drawn from said bobbin by the membrane length at each working cycle by means of a reel 39. It is part of 36.

In this case, the endless strip 36 has an extension 40 on the filling frame 3 and a sealing ring 4 in the area of the opening 6 of the pressure vessel 4.
Move between 1 and 1. This passage gap is sealed by raising the molding box 2 and pressing the extension 40 against the endless strip.

Inside the extension 40 a grid 42 is provided, the rods 43 of which rest on the membrane. As is clear from FIG. 5, the mesh size of the grid 42 is large.

Inside the pressure vessel 4, above the opening 6, there are a plurality of supporting members and 1. A cutting device 44 consisting of a lattice frame 45 is provided. The cutting tools 46 are arranged in a mesh pattern so that they can score the membrane 35 or cut the pattern 35 on three sides of the grid openings. FIG. 5 shows the above-mentioned cutoff PfrfSt47. On the contrary, one side 48 of each grid opening is not provided with a cutting tool.

The membrane portions corresponding to the lattice network are attached to the endless strip 36 as continuous lobes. As is clear from FIG. 5, no cutting of the membrane takes place in the area of the rod 43, so that the web remaining in this area spreads the corresponding lobes into the endless strip 3.
Combine with 6.

A lattice-shaped support 45 of the cutting device 44 is guided along rods 49 in the pressure vessel 4 and can be raised and lowered by a lifting mechanism 50, so that the cutter can move from the rest position in FIG. 4 to the membrane 9.
1 can be lowered.

Before the consolidation operation, the intact part of the endless strip 36 is drawn between the forming space and the pressure vessel 4 by means of a take-up reel 39 . Then, the master plate 11 forming box 2 and filling frame 3 are pulled in and the extension part 40 is pressed against the sealing ring 41 to form an endless strip.

That is, the membrane 35 is attached to the pressure vessel 4, and then the pressure vessel 4 is filled with high pressure gas. Once the required pressure is reached,
The lattice frame 45 with the cutting tool 46 is lowered and the cutting tool is applied to the membrane 35 to score the membrane at least enough to tear it to form the lobes shown in FIG. The entire cross-sectional area of the opening 6 is thus suddenly available for increasing the pressure in the molding space as the membrane is torn.

Once the consolidation operation is complete, the extension 40 is lowered and the intact portion of the endless band 36 is affixed to the extension 40.

Instead of a cutting tool, a heating conductor can also be provided on the surface 51 of the rod 43 corresponding to the mesh arrangement of the cutting tool 46. The membrane 35 is exposed to the rod 43 by the action of high pressure gas.
Due to the close contact with the 0 surface, heat is transferred rapidly, so that the membrane is weakened at the point of the heating conductor by melting, vaporization or burning and is torn apart in accordance with the cutting pattern of FIG. The heating conductor can in particular be configured as a PTC element with a limit temperature slightly higher than the melting point of the membrane;
A robust, self-temperature device is thus obtained. In both embodiments, instead of the above-mentioned arrangement of the cutting tool or the heating conductor, a cross arrangement can also be adopted. In this case a sufficiently wide web must remain in all directions.

As an alternative to the arrangement described above, heating conductors can also be embedded within the endless strip 36. In this case, power is supplied via the winding bobbin 37 or the take-up reel 39.

FIG. 6 shows two other embodiments having a structure similar to that of FIG. In the embodiment shown in the left half of the drawing, one end 56 is connected to the pressure vessel 4 by a ring 57.
A bellows 55 fixed to the lid 16 is provided. bellow 5
At the other end of 5, there is provided a collar/shiro 8. Furthermore, the end with the flange is closed (7) with a membrane 59 similar to the internal space of the bellows 55.
It communicates with the outside air through an opening 611 in the lid 16 of the pressure vessel 4 .

A sealing ring 62 is provided between the flange 58 and the edge of the opening 6.
is inserted and fixed to one of the two parts. A support vibro 3 is further attached to the end of the bellows. The lid 16 of the pressure vessel 4 is also placed on the top of the bellows 55.
A support ζ-ib 64 is provided which is fixed to the support.

The seven lunges 58 of the bellows 55 are located above the bellow level 65 in the open position (indicated by broken lines) and are moved to the closed position (indicated by solid lines) where they receive a biasing force from said level by means of a lifting device 66. be able to. In this position, the locking device (only two locking pars 67 are shown in the drawing) engages the flange 58. Before the start of the working cycle, the locking par 67 is released so that the bellows are raised under the action of the biasing force and then the membrane 59
Due to the action of the high-pressure gas, it is accelerated and moved to the position indicated by 65, so that the entire cross section of the opening 6 is suddenly opened.

In the embodiment shown in the right half of FIG. 6, instead of the bellows 55, it rests at least partially on the support vibro 9 and is compressed by the action of the elastic load and the gas pressure after the locking part 67 is released. A tube 68 is provided. Furthermore,
The other structure is the same as the embodiment shown in the left half except that the lower support vibro 3 is not provided.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the entire cross-sectional area of the aperture 6 is quickly opened by a rapid discharge. The large force and acceleration obtained in this case are used, for example, to obtain a 5% larger air velocity (plasma wind channel) during metal deformation (transploder method). Since this technique is well known, only those directly relevant to the present invention will be discussed here.

Electrical circuits essentially include capantance, inductance and disconnection switches. The capacitor is charged when the switch is open. When the switch is closed, an induced magnetic flux is created.

In FIG. 7, an inductance is provided as a primary coil 70 in place of one opening 6 of the pressure vessel 4. In FIG. On the primary coil 70, optionally via a sealing ring, is an elastic holder (made of conductive but non-magnetic material).
For example, a nozzle disk 71 is attached to the lower end of the tubular membrane 72 and has one movement as a secondary coil. The membrane is fixed to an open support pipe 73. The sealing force of the valve is created by the pressure in the pressure vessel 4 acting on the back side of the pulp disc 71. When the capacitor rapidly discharges, a large induced magnetic flux is generated in the secondary coil 70, and this magnetic flux creates an induced voltage in the secondary coil, that is, the pulp disk 71. Thus, eddy currents are created in the unwinding secondary coil. In this case, the force of the secondary magnetic field is directed in the opposite direction to the force of the primary magnetic field, so the pulp disk 71 is pulled away. The magnitude of the counterforce is proportional to the change in the induced magnetic flux over time. When the pulp disk 71 is pulled away, the entire cross-sectional area of the opening is opened.

In this case, the opening movement is assisted by pressure acting on the underside of the pulp disk. Since the support pipe is of open construction, the movement of the pulp disk 71 is not obstructed.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3.6.7, the opening/closing mechanism of the opening section to be opened is the tubular member 28, 68, 72, respectively.
It consists of Said member is held in the closed position by another member (33 in FIG. 3, 58.67 in FIG. 6, 71 in FIG. 7) and only by the action of high pressure gas (33 in FIG.
(Fig. 6) or by the action of an auxiliary drive mechanism (55 in Fig. 6 or 68 in Fig. 6, 70.71 in Fig. 7) with the aid of high-pressure gas (Fig. 6, 7). be done. Figure 3.6.7 shows an example of this method.

FIG. 8 shows a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

Therefore, only the differences will be explained here.

In this case, the working air conduit consists of a simple pressure-tight hose 74 which passes through the pressure vessel 4 and communicates with the space behind the membrane 3 via a connecting stud. Connected to this space is also a ventilation stud 75 which is opened and closed by any type of valve (2) (in Figure 8 a butterfly valve). Ventilation stud 75: Opens into the pressure vessel by the opening lower 7 behind the butterfly valve. The space behind the membrane is supplied with gas at a higher pressure than the pressure of the pressure vessel 4 via the high-pressure tube 74, so that the membrane 9 is kept closed. When the butterfly valve is opened, the pressure in the pressure vessel number and the pressure in the space behind the membrane 9 are balanced and at the same time said membrane is withdrawn from the sealed chamber 7. This 411M has the advantage that a considerable amount of working air and its energy can be supplied and utilized for consolidation operations. Similar modifications can be made to the embodiment of FIG. Since the elastic opening/closing mechanism is a component that wears out, it must be able to be replaced quickly. Therefore, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, the valve 8 is one member? , 9, 12, 13, 14, 75, 76, and optionally also together with 11, a quick-detachable flange 7B
It is integrated into a unit that can be removably fixed to the pressure vessel number by means of the membrane 9 and can therefore be replaced with another unit in case the membrane 9 is damaged.

In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the closure mechanism 9 consists of a plurality of juxtaposed membranes 80 that are parallel to the axis of the opening 6 in the open position (indicated by dashed lines). A lower frame 83 inserted into the opening 6 of the pressure vessel 4 and an upper frame 84 arranged in the same row above the above frame.
Two membranes 81 and 82 are respectively stretched between the two membranes, the edges of which are fixed to the frames 83 and 84 by means of a holding frame 85. A sufficiently large opening cross-sectional area remains between the frames 83 and 84. A chamber 86 is formed between the two membranes 81 , 82 , each connected to each other and to the working air conduit 87 . Chamber 86 is connected to a butterfly valve 88 that can deliver actuating high pressure air to pressure vessel 4 . How does it work?

Essentially similar to the embodiment of FIG. 8, but the closed state is created by the abutment of mutually opposing membranes 81,82.

Another embodiment of the valve 8 is shown in FIG. The opening/closing mechanism 9 includes two dampers 91 located above the opening 6 and inclined toward the opening. The mutually distant upper ends of the damper 91 are pivoted to the receivers 92, while the lower edges are held in the closed position by the crossbeams 93 of the holder 94. Sealing takes place at an annular sealing seat 95. If the crossbeam 93 is lowered by means of a push rod 97 guided in a nozzle 96 of the holder 94 and actuated by a cam plate 98.

The damper is released and moved suddenly into the open position (indicated by dashed lines) by the action of the high pressure gas in the pressure vessel 4. In the above position, the kinetic energy of the damper is transferred to the damping mechanism 99 (
It is absorbed by. Closing operation can be accomplished by one conventional means (e.g. spring, air cylinder.

etc.). The lock in the closed position is
This is done using a spring 10G. In order to minimize the mass to be accelerated, the damper 91 is constructed, for example, from a high-strength light alloy frame covered with a synthetic material tape (for example polyethylene tape).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, a frame 101 of an immovable Rosdol 102 is installed in the opening 6 of the pressure vessel 4. A sliding loss dollar 103 is provided above the loss dollar 102. On the side of the frame 104 of the sliding loss dollar 103 facing the loss dollar 102.

A sealing material 105 (eg, low pressure polyethylene) is provided. The frame 101 of the stationary Rosdol 102 is further reinforced by a lip 106 against static loads.

The sliding loss dollar 103 is subjected to the force of the nozzle 107 and is locked in the closed position (FIG. 11) by the locking lever 108. When the above-mentioned Leno (-f) turns upward, the lock is released and the stored spring force is suddenly released, so that both the sliding loss dollars 102 and 108) (-1
01 and 104 are moved to the open position where 19 meets. In this position, the sliding loss dollar 104 is damped by a damping mechanism (not shown). The sliding loss dollar can be returned in a known manner so that it can be moved to the locking position of the locking lever 1O8e.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a first embodiment of the device having a pressure vessel and a valve, FIG. 2 is a diagram similar to FIG. 1 of the second embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a diagram of the third embodiment. Similar drawings, FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of the fourth embodiment, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the tearable membrane of the embodiment of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 shows two separate FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram of another embodiment with a squeeze valve; FIG. 10 is a diagram of an embodiment with a flat valve; FIG. 11 is a diagram of an embodiment similar to FIG. , a drawing of an embodiment with a sliding loss dollar; l... Prototype plate, 2... Molding box, 3... Filling frame (), 4... Pressure vessel, 6... Opening %9.
...opening/closing mechanism, lO... membrane, 15... pipe, 17
・・・Squeeze valve 1tla person pemte 10no”
Datesy Maschinenhua Freak Durrach
GMB Agent Patent Attorney Asami Kato FIG, 7 FIG, 8 FIG, 9

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) Mold material loosely filled on a master mold in a closed molding space is introduced into the molding space from a high-pressure preload chamber through an openable and closable opening between the chamber and the molding space. In the method of compaction using high-pressure gas that is sent and acts on the surface of the mold material, the maximum pressure is B bar, the gas flow rate is greater than 50 kf/J#, and the pressure increase rate in the molding space is less than 3 QQ bar/-. A method characterized in that high-pressure gas is supplied into the forming space under large conditions. 2) A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure in the prepressure chamber is at most 20 bar. 3) a pressure vessel for forming a pre-pressure chamber, a molding box disposed below the container and containing a filling frame and forming a molding space, a master plate forming the bottom of the molding box and containing a master mold, and a pressure vessel. This is a compaction device using high-pressure gas for mold material, consisting of a mold material filled in a closed molding space and a valve placed between the pressure vessel and a molding box. Device for feeding with a predetermined high rate of pressure increase in a space, characterized in that the opening cross-section of the valve (8) is between 50 and 150% of the horizontal cross-section of the forming box. 4) The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve (8) has an opening/closing mechanism (9) which opens the opening cross section of the valve in a few seconds. 5) The electric switch of the opening/closing mechanism (9) is 100J)/m'(
5. The device according to claim 3, wherein the device has a diameter smaller than the valve cross section. 6) The pressure vessel (4) has an opening (6) approximately corresponding to the contour of the molding box (2) and cooperating with the opening/closing mechanism (9), and against the edge (7) of said opening, the molding box ( 6. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the filling frame (3) is pressed together with 2) in a sealed manner. 7) The valve (8) is characterized in that the valve (8) has an elastically deformable opening/closing mechanism (9) which opens the required opening cross-section under the influence of the pressure within the pressure vessel (4). Apparatus according to one of paragraphs 3 to 6. 8) The elastic opening/closing mechanism (9) closes the pressure vessel (4) in the closed position.
8. Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it is a membrane (10) that adheres closely to the edge (7) of the opening (6) of the opening (6). 9) The membrane (10) is located in the pressure vessel (4) above the opening (6).
The pressure vessel (4) is fixed at the membrane edge to form an annular flow cross section for high-pressure gas within the membrane, and in the closed position, it expands into a balloon shape under the action of working air acting on the inner surface of the membrane.
9. A device according to claim 6, characterized in that the flow cross section is closed by abutting on R(7) of the opening. IO) The space inside the membrane (10) is connected to the working air conduit (
Device according to claim 9, characterized in that it is in communication with the valve (15) and is provided with a valve (17). 11) The opening/closing mechanism (9) consists of a plurality of membranes (80) arranged parallel to the axis of the opening (6) and parallel to each other, two of which membranes (81, 82) each have a cross section of the opening. 8. Device according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that it delimits a part of the parts and is placed in a mutually abutting closed position by means of high-pressure air. 12) Inside the opening (6) are a plurality of parallel thin frames (83).
and a corresponding frame (84) spaced apart above the frame, and between the corresponding frames (88, 84) are chambers (86) each receiving a supply of operating high pressure air. 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the two membranes (sltsg) are tensioned so as to be formed. 13) Chamber (
86) are in communication with each other and have a common working air conduit (
87). The device according to claim 11 and claim 12, characterized in that the device is connected to 87). 14) The membrane (10) is constructed as a tearable membrane (35) and is stretched between the molding box (2) and the pressure vessel (4). ~ Section 8-1
The device described in. 15) a predetermined area (47) in which the tearable membrane (35) is arranged in such a way that the membrane remains as a connected part when it is torn by the action of high-pressure gas to release the opening (6);
15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that it is a weak comb. 16) The tearable membrane (35) is arranged in the area of the opening (6) of the pressure vessel (4) and has a grid (42) with a large mesh size.
16. The grid according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, before opening of the openings (6), the grid openings (6) are separated by a non-weak beam on only three sides in the area of each grid opening. Device. 17) Above the tearable membrane (35) there is provided a cutting device (46) of which the cutting tools (46) have one cutting tool in each case only on three sides of each grid opening. (4
6) will be arranged. 17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that it is arranged along a grid (42). 18) Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the cutting tool (46) is mounted on a lattice-like frame (45) movably guided in the pressure vessel (4). 19) The rondo (43) forming the lattice (42) is
It has a heating conductor on the top surface, and the conductor is. 17. Device according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that it is provided on three sides of each grid opening and can be energized for opening the opening (6) of the pressure vessel (4). 20) Claims 14 to 16 characterized in that the tearable membrane (35) is embedded with a heating conductor that can be energized for opening the opening (6) of the pressure vessel (4). The device according to one of t. 21) The tearable membrane (35) is connected to the endless elastic band (3
6), said elastic band being able to be drawn from a storage bobbin (37) on the other side of the molding box during the working cycle of the device by means of a reel (37) provided on one side of the molding box (2). Claims 14 to 20, characterized in that:
The device described in. 22) The opening/closing mechanism (9) opens the pressure vessel (4) at the opening (6)
a tube (28) having a cross-section adapted to the cross-section of A patent characterized in that they are fixed at intervals, the other end protrudes into the opening, and can be pressed against the edge (32) of the opening by an opening/closing mechanism (33, 34) acting on the periphery of the end. Device according to one of claims 4 to 7. 23) The edge of the opening is provided with a sealing seat (32) that extends in the direction of the molded box (2), and the opening/closing mechanism has a retaining ring (18) that can be raised relative to said opening/closing mechanism. , a tube (28
23. Device according to claim 22, characterized in that the ends of the ends of the tubes can be fixed. 24) The method according to claim 22 and claim 23, characterized in that the retaining ring (33) can be raised and lowered by a lifting mechanism (34) provided in the pressure vessel (4). 25) An opening (6) is located above the inside of the tube (28).
25. Device according to claim 22, characterized in that an expansion ring (63) is provided which can be lowered into the region of the sealing seat (32) upon each opening of the device. 26) The opening/closing mechanism (9) is a bellows (55) disposed coaxially with the opening (6), and one end (66) of the bellows is
1 of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that it is fixed to the pressure vessel (4), the other end being locked above the edge (7) of the opening in the closed position and closed. The device described in. 27) At the end of the bellows (55) facing the opening (6). 7 langes (58) with locking devices (67) engaging the outer surface
27. Device according to claim 26, characterized in that said end is closed by a membrane (59). 28) The device according to claim 26 1 or 27, characterized by a lifting mechanism (66) for moving the bellows (Is)' into the closed position. 29) Device according to one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that the interior of the bellows (66) communicates with the outside air. 30) Inside the bellows (55) are support pipes (63,
64) is provided, and one pipe (63) is connected to the end facing the opening (6) of the bellows (s6).
9. Apparatus according to one of clauses 9. 31) Instead of the bellows (s5), a tube ([0] is provided)
Apparatus according to one of the clauses. 32) Device according to one of claims 26 to 31, characterized in that the bellows (55) or the tube (68) are prestressed in the closed position. 33) Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, comprising a mold material filling shaft disposed centrally, with a front closable with respect to a lower molding box or filling frame by means of a damper or the like. In the type with a valve (8) is enclosed in the filling shaft (2G) 1. An annular opening (23) connecting the space (38) between the damper (52) and the filling frame (3) and the pressure vessel (4)
), and the inner wall of the opening has a corresponding annular sealed chamber (
27) is provided with a foot, and the outer wall is provided with an annular bellows (25)'f-thick annular tube which can be suppressed into a sealing seat. 34) The pressure vessel (4) annularly surrounds the filling shirt (20) and communicates with the annular opening (33) of the valve (8) via the annular opening (22). Apparatus according to clause 33. 35) Device according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that the annular bellows (2S) is held in the closed position by the action of actuating air. 36) In order to initiate the opening movement, the working air of the membrane (10, 80) housing or annular bellows (35) is allowed to escape into the pressure vessel (4). Apparatus according to one of paragraphs 33 to 35. 37) The valve (8) has a pulp disk (71) forming the secondary coil of an impulse discharge circuit, the primary coil (70) of said circuit surrounding the opening (6) of the pressure vessel (4). 7. Device according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that it has a sealing seat for a pulp disk (71). 38) Device according to claim 37, characterized in that the pulp disc (71) is elastically suspended in a coaxial tube, an annular membrane or the like. 39) The closing mechanism (fist) consists of two bolts (11) inclined at the same angle with respect to the plane of the opening (6), and the mutually facing lower edges of the bolts are connected to a removable common joint. Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that it is held in the closed position by a holder (94), and the upper edges moving away from each other are pivotally connected to the receiver (92). Device. 40) The holder (94) is in the closed position when the damper (9
39. Device according to claim 39, characterized in that it consists of a liftable crossbeam (93) which engages the lower edge of 1) from below. 41) Inside the opening (6), there is provided an immovable loss dollar (102) and a sliding loss dollar (103) above the loss dollar, and the sliding loss dollar has a spring (1G) acting in its plane. ?) is held in the closed position by a locking mechanism (10g), and when unlocked, is moved to the open position by the preload of a spring. The device described. 42) The opening/closing mechanism (9) and the member holding the mechanism,
According to one of claims 8 to 13 and 39 to 42, characterized in that it is integrated into one unit, said unit being exchangeably attached to the pressure vessel (4). equipment.