JPS5811389B2 - Kenma Zaino Metalization - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to techniques for manufacturing superhard materials, and in particular to:
The present invention relates to high strength adhesive alloys used for metallization and hard brazing of super hard abrasives.

At present, there are a large number of new artificial carbide abrasives produced on the basis of tires, equiaxed boron nitride, etc.

Since the new abrasive materials are characterized by properties other than those of the old abrasive materials, new alloys are suitable for hard brazing and metallization of the new abrasive materials, i.e., metal surface finishing with alloys. The problem arises of setting the material.

Hard brazing and metallization here refer to reinforcing the abrasive grain or its product as a whole.

Practical experience has shown that conventional hard brazing and metallization alloys cannot fully meet the requirements imposed by new abrasive materials.

Thus, for example, synthetic abrasives based on equiaxed boron nitride or diamond are characterized by very low transformation temperatures (700-1100°C) to large rectangular deformations, resulting in methane erosion and hard wax formation. Requires low temperature alloy for attachment.

On the other hand, synthetic abrasives based on equiaxed boron nitride are characterized by a high degree of chemical stability, and that stability requires a high degree of adhesion to hard soldering and parts of metallization alloys. .

Currently, hard brazing for carbon-containing abrasives is used separately, especially for diamond and graphite abrasives as alloys.
Alternatively, those based on copper, silver or gold doped with adducts of iron, cobalt and nickel employed in combination with each other are known to be in use (Patent No. 1207849 of the Federal Republic of Germany). , C180b, 8
/12).

In addition, the following alloys are known for hard brazing to diamond, silicon carbide, boron carbide, and corundum.

namely, copper and titanium, silver and titanium, gold and titanium, tin and titanium, lead and titanium, copper and molybdenum, copper and zirconium, copper and vanadium, gold and tantalum,
gold and niobium, copper, silver and titanium, copper, gold and titanium, bronze and titanium, copper, silver and titanium,
The content of titanium, molybdenum, zirconium and vanadium in the alloy amounts to a total of 10 percent by weight.

(For example, British Patent No. 989251, C1, B3d,
No. 1100446, C1, C7d, No. 931672 gr, 23C1,124, No. 1013337 B3d,
No. 933921 gr, 23C1,124, German Patent No. 1210300 C1,49h, 29101, No. 11
No. 51666 C1,40b, 1102, U.S. Patent No. 31
No. 92620 C1, 29-473, 1, No. 257024
No. 8 C1, 29-472, 7, French Patent No. 1332
No. 423 B23d, No. 1240395 C1, Co4b
, "Nau kovadumka" Publisher Kiev 1
967 Yu, V.

Naldich and G., A., Kolesnichenk.
"Interaction and infiltration of diamond and graphite surfaces with metals" by Mr. O (Russian).

All of the aforementioned braze alloys have poor adhesion to abrasive materials such as equiaxed boron nitride and corundum, and therefore do not guarantee proper brazing or metallization.

In this technical field, copper and titanium, silver and titanium,
Copper, silver, and titanium, and the titanium content is
Hard brazing alloys of up to 15 weight percent are also known.

(For example, British Patent No. 932729 C1,23gr,
124, German Patent No. 1151666 C1,40b,
1102).

The hard brazing alloys do not have strong adhesion to all abrasive materials and are therefore used in a limited range of applications.

Thus, the adhesion to equiaxed boron nitride is weak and insufficient to provide a firm hard braze and to provide a uniform coating during the metallization process.

Other hard brazing alloys have been used for diamond, essentially gold alloys containing 1 to 25 weight percent titanium (e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 3,192
No. 620 C1, 29-473, 1).

The fundamental drawback with that alloy is the fact that its liquidus point is too high (approximately 1050 °C), and therefore 1050 °C
℃ or higher, diamond or equiaxed boron nitride tends to rapidly transform into a hexagonal deformed body, which has a considerable negative effect on the strength of the abrasive, so the application field of the alloy is narrowly limited. .

Another diamond brazing alloy currently in common use consists of 75 weight percent copper and 25 weight percent titanium.

The main drawbacks of the alloy are that it is brittle and its coefficient of thermal expansion is significantly different from that of the associated abrasive.

All these facts inevitably lead to thermal stress in the finished product, which is prone to rapid fracture during the handling process (manifesting cracks and fractures), so that The tools worn out are highly and prematurely worn out.

Other uses as hard brazing alloys for diamond and graphite include silicon and aluminum (both on their own) (for example, German Patent No. 2031915 C1°49h, 35 /24), however, both of these have a limited range of use.

Silicon has a high melting point (145°C), and at this temperature, diamond rapidly transforms into a hexagonal deformed body, as mentioned above, and aluminum has high oxidizability and strength. This is because they are weak.

All of the hard brazing alloys mentioned above are equally used for the metallization of cemented carbide abrasives made of diamond, equiaxed boron nitride, corundum, etc.

Apart from the aforementioned alloys, there are some alloys and single metals used exclusively for metallization of carbide abrasive surfaces such as diamond, equiaxed boron nitride, silicon carbide and tungsten carbide. It is known that the metallization consists of a single layer or multiple layers.

For example, in the case of multilayer metallization, nickel, copper, zinc, tin, gold, lead, or alloys thereof are used to set the initial layer.

In this case, an alloy of iron and nickel is used to make the second layer, and copper or bronze is used to make the third layer (for example, German Patent No. 2021299 C1,
80b, 11/30).

Such coatings have the disadvantage of having poor adhesion and adhering inadequately to the surface of the abrasive, such that they quickly separate from the surface even when small forces are applied.

This fact seems to be explained by the fact that a large mechanical adhesion occurs between the coating and the substrate.

As a result, this abrasive material easily fractures during tool operation due to rapid breakdown of the coating.

In the case of two-layer methane fusion coatings, nickel, copper, cobal metals or their alloys are used, the layers and the order of their arrangement departing from preliminary specifications which do not contain this matter (e.g. French Patent No. 2093564 Cl
, B24d).

The disadvantage is due to poor adhesion when the coating is placed on the surface of the abrasive.

In the case of two-layer metallization for diamond only, titanium is used in the initial layer and iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys in the second layer (e.g.
(See French Patent No. 2093865 Cl, B24d)
Nickel, cobalt, silver, copper, molybdenum, titanium, aluminum, manganese, cadmium, tin, zinc, chromium, tungsten, iron, zirconium, niobium,
Osmium, palladium, platinum, mental and their alloys have also been used in metallization (e.g. GB 1114353 Cl, C7f, 115
4598 Cl, B3d).

In particular, used for single-layer metallization of cemented carbide abrasives such as diamond, corundum, etc. are molybdenum, titanium (as titanium hydride), zirconium (as zirconium hydride), tungsten,
metal and aluminum (e.g. German Patent No. 2021399 C1, 80b 11/30, No. 201
No. 0183 C1, 80b 11/40, British Patent No. 11
No. 00446 Cl, C7d, U.S. Patent No. 2961750
No. Cl129-169.5, No. 3351543 Cl,
204-192, No. 2570248 Cl, 29-47
(see 2.7).

A common drawback with said metals or alloys is that due to their high melting point they are applicable to diamond or equiaxed boron nitride only as solid state coatings and cannot be used as liquid hardening alloys, which limits their field of use. It is about being done.

Another drawback with the alloy is that the plasticity is too low for use as a hard brazing alloy.

The basic object of the present invention is to develop a metallizer of a composition which overcomes the drawbacks associated with known alloys that require high surface adhesion strength for cemented carbide abrasives, such as metallizer alloys and hard brazes. sation and hard brazing is to provide alloys for use.

Highly adhesive alloys to cemented carbide abrasive materials according to the present invention include, in weight percent, a first group consisting of copper, silver, tin, aluminum and zinc; a second group consisting of iron, cobalt and nickel;
The third group consisting of titanium, chromium, zirconium, manganese, molybdenum and hytungsten, and vanadium,
A fourth group consisting of niobium, tantalum and boron is included within the upper and lower limits set forth below.

The first group of copper, silver, tin, zinc and aluminum have in common the following properties: adequate plasticity, low melting points of up to 1083° C., and strong solvents for the other components of the alloy.

If the content of these components is less than the lower limit, the plasticity of the alloy will decrease, while if it exceeds the upper limit, the content of the other groups of components will be insufficient, resulting in a decrease in the adhesive strength of the alloy.

The second group of iron, cobalt and nickel promotes uniformity of the structure of the alloy after solidification and improves its mechanical properties.

These metals have similar properties as elements in the fourth period of the periodic table.

If the metal content of the second group is less than the lower limit, the strength of the alloy will be insufficient, while if it exceeds the upper limit, defects will appear due to an increase in the melting point of the alloy.

The third group, titanium, chromium, zirconium, manganese, molybdenum and tungsten, are components that create a high degree of chemical adhesion between the alloy and the surface of the superhard material (abrasive grain or cutting tool).

Such high degrees of adhesion are not achieved below the lower limits of these component contents.

Increasing the proportion of the third group of components further improves the adhesive properties.

For liquid filler or methane sewage,
The optimal content of these metals is 5.0-20%, 2
Increasing the proportion of this component on the order of 0 to 46.2% will cause the brazing to harden the alloy if its penetration into the alloy becomes insufficient at temperatures resulting in a solid-liquid braze.

In this case, it is important for hard brazing or metallization of cemented carbide materials that the thermal expansion of the alloy be equal to that of the cemented carbide material.

The range of the third group component is determined so as to achieve the above adhesion and control thermal expansion.

The fourth group, vanadium, niobium, tantalum and boron, is a group of components that further enhance the adhesion of the alloys of the present invention to superhard materials.

If the content of these components is less than the lower limit, the adhesiveness is unsatisfactory, and if the content exceeds the upper limit, the amount of the fourth group component that does not melt into the alloy increases, and the melting point of the alloy becomes high, resulting in low adhesive strength.

The inventor of the present application metallized or brazed the superhard material and measured the adhesive strength of the coating layer.
．． 9.11.13.19.20), cutting and grinding tests were conducted (Example 2.10.11゜12.14.15.16.
17.18.21゜22.23.24) or hardness (Example 3), and by these methods, it was confirmed that the surface coating material firmly adheres to the superhard material. We experimentally confirmed 24 types of alloys containing the following, and the upper and lower limits of the confirmed alloy components were defined as the lower limits and lower limits of the Group 4 components, which are the main components of the present invention.

That is, the lower limit of the component content of the first group (Cu, Ag, Sn, Al and Zn) is 11% - Example 9 - the upper limit is 87.5
% of Example 1-, and Group 2 (Fe, C.

and Ni) component content has a lower limit of 0.3% - Example 21
-, the upper limit is 8.1% - Example 13-, and the third
The lower limit of the component content of the groups (Ti, Cr, Zr, Mn, Mo, and W) is 5% in Example 9-, and the upper limit is 54% in Example 18.

Furthermore, the lower limit of the component content of the fourth group (V, Nb, Ta, and B) is 0.003%, and the upper limit is 47%.
%1 Example 17-.

In order to make the alloys of the invention impermeable or nearly impermeable to high temperature oxidation, metals from the group consisting of gold, gallium, indium and germanium can be included in addition to the above four groups of components. Beneficial.

A suitable range for at least one of these components is from 0.6 (Example 21) to 79.5 weight percent (Example 9).

Such alloys are characterized by the following weight percent components:

Silver 10-12 Titanium 2-5 Cobalt 0.001~1 Tantalum 3~5 Gold may be 77-85% in this alloy.

In order to impart fluidity to the alloy, at least one metal from the group consisting of thallium, lead, antimony and bismuth is added in an amount of 0.5 (Example 22) to 10 weight percent (Example 1).
5) Can be added to alloys.

Such alloys are relatively easy to use when equiaxed boron nitride and diamond (both natural and, in special cases, man-made) are used primarily for hard brazing and metallization of cemented carbide abrasives. Low melting point (800-11
The characteristic of the alloy is that it does not exceed 00°C.

Preferably, the following weight percentages of the alloy are used for metallization:

Copper 60-80 tin
7-17 Tungsten and/or Molybdenum 0.001-5 Tantalum
0.001-5 Nickel and/or Kobal) 0.001-10 Lead and/or Bismuth
0.001 to 10 titanium and/or zirconium 3 to 15 For hard brazing it is preferred to use an alloy characterized by the following weight percentage components:

Copper 60-80 tin
7-15 titanium and/or zirconium 3-15 cobalt and/
or nickel 0.3 to 10 lead and/or bismuth 0.5 to 10 at least one member of the group consisting of osmium, rhodium, palladium, iridium and platinum 0.4 (Example 21) to 8 (Example 19)
) weight percent containing alloys have greater oxidation resistance and greater strength.

Such alloys feature semiconducting crystals, especially equiaxed boron nitride and diamond (both natural and, in special cases, synthetic), because they are characterized by greater oxidation resistance when exposed to high temperatures. Hard brazing of carbide abrasive materials and metallization is preferred.

The ingredients of the Someyo alloy, in weight percent, are as follows:

Copper and/or Silver 45-60 Tantalum 10-40 Another exemplary alloy with greater oxidation resistance and greater strength at elevated temperatures is (weight percent).

Copper and/or Silver 50-70 Tantalum 0.003-5 These alloys are suitable for use in metallization.

The present invention will now be described in more detail by illustrating a number of specific alloy components.

The alloy according to the present invention can be firmly applied to the surface of various synthetic carbide abrasives mainly made of diamond, equiaxed boron nitride, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, etc. in metallization and hard brazing. Ru.

Depending on the purpose and type of the carbide abrasive, in any particular case as shown below in a practical embodiment of the invention,
The required predetermined target alloy is selected.

Brazing and metallization can be performed by any conventional method.

Therefore, metallization can be achieved by electrodepositing the alloy on a powder material and then annealing it, by performing a gas transport reaction and adhesion of the alloy onto the powder material, or by using a dog treatment with an organic adhesive that is easily burnt out. This can be done by baking a powdered paste or suspension of a methanizing alloy onto the surface of the abrasive material under vacuum or in an inert medium, or by depositing a metallizing alloy layer by layer onto the abrasive material. be exposed.

Hard brazing is accomplished by pressing an abrasive onto the hard brazing alloy, then melting the alloy and causing the alloy to flow into the hard brazing gap under the action of capillary forces.

All these methods are common and widely known and are therefore outside the scope of the present invention.

The method is carried out under normal conditions, i.e. 1 or 2.10
It is carried out under a vacuum not more tenuous than -5 mm Hg or in an inert atmosphere (helium or argon without nitrogen or oxygen).

No oxidizing atmosphere is used.

A hydrogen atmosphere from which water and oxygen vapors have been carefully separated may also be used if none of the components can form hydrides.

Metallization and hard brazing in the range from 600 to 1150 °C to ensure an active chemical reaction between the solid phase component of the carbide abrasive and the adhesive active component of the hard brazing alloy or metallization alloy. At selected temperatures, hard brazing provides a strong bond between the alloy or metallization alloy and the abrasive.

Examples will be described below.

The ingredients of the alloys used in the examples are summarized in the table below.

In the examples, the component content is expressed in percent, and the unit is weight percent.

Example 1 Alloy for metallization of the surface (plane) of diamond crystal (1.8% Sn, 2.4% Ni, 5.1% Mo, 5
．． 0% B, balance Cu) was used to metallize the faces of a diamond crystal weighing 1.5 carats.

The metallization alloy was prepared as a foil (piece) made of a pre-mixed alloy.

A small piece of alloy was also attached to the diamond surface with an adhesive that was easily incinerated in a vacuum.

The system was then heated for 8 min at 1150°C, from 1 to 210 m
Annealing was performed in a vacuum of mHg.

After the metallization process, the surfaces of the diamond crystals were coated securely with a strongly attached uniform metal layer.

The adhesion strength of the coating layer to the crystal is 7.2 kg/mm
It was equal to 2.

In the crystal coated with the metal, destruction was observed both at the interface between the metal and the crystal and in the bulk of the crystal itself.

Example 2 Hard brazing alloy of equiaxed boron nitride (2.5% Co,
10.5%Ti, 1.3%Mn, 5.8%Mo, 40%
It is made of Elbor (an abrasive material based on equiaxed boron nitride) and has a diameter of 4.
A cutting tool with a diameter of 2 mm and a height of about 5 mm was used for hard brazing.

The copper to tin ratio of the alloy was 4:1.

Hard brazing was performed on a copper holder with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 20 mm.

Drill holes for hard brazing on the surface of the steel rod in the longitudinal direction with respect to the central axis of the steel rod, leaving a clearance of 0.2 mm for the hard soldering joint on either side. It will be done.

The cutting member was forced into a powder mixture (hard brazing alloy) prepared from a selected mixture of powdered metals.

The hard brazing was carried out at 950° C. under a vacuum of 1 to 210 −5 mm Hg, applying a pressure of 250 g to the tool for 10 minutes.

Excess alloy was squeezed out of the joint clearance.

After hard soldering, the tool had no air bubbles, incomplete hard soldering spots, cracks, or splinters.

The clearance at the joint appeared to be completely filled and the adhesion to the cutting member and holder was good.

Furthermore, the straight cutting tools made in this way are sharpened and the cutting speed is 1.80-120 m/min, the cutting depth is 0.8 mm (although up to 2-3 mm is possible)
A straight cylindrical steel bar with a diameter of 95 mm was cut on a thread cutting lathe without using a coolant under machine finishing conditions of , longitudinal feed rate, and 0.02 to 0.06 mm.

Tests have shown that the cutting tool is very durable.

That is, until the seventh grinding, no separation of the tool from the hard brazing alloy occurred.

The surface finish obtained was of a very high quality.

Example 3 Diamond hard brazing alloy (14% Sn, 3% Ni
, 12% Ti, 20% Ta, balance Cu, Ag) were used to hard braze a diamond crystal weighing 0.5 carat to a steel holder.

The ratio of silver and copper in the alloy was 72:28.

A diamond was hard-soldered to a steel holder in one of the pyramids.

A brazing alloy, previously prepared by vacuum melting, was placed within the clearance of the brazing joint.

A centering device was used to orient the diamond crystal so that its apex and central axis were co-centered with the central axis of the cylindrical holder.

The joint clearance for hard brazing was set equal to 0.5 mm.

The hard brazing process was carried out under the following conditions.

The temperature was 880° C., the time was 10 minutes, and the atmosphere was argon free of oxygen and nitrogen impurities.

When the hard-brazed diamond is ground to obtain a taper with a cone tip radius of 50 mm, the hard-brazed alloy is well packed into the joint clearance, and its bond to the diamond crystal is also good. It was found to be in good condition.

Diamond adhesion was found to be very reliable when the tip was placed in a hardness measuring device to make a scratch on the test material.

Example 4 Alloy for hard brazing boron carbide (1.5% Ni, 10.
5% Cr, 2.0% Ta balance Cu) was used to hard braze 4 x 4 x 5 mm boron carbide crystals to cylindrical steel rods.

The atmosphere is dehumidified hydrogen that does not contain oxygen and nitrogen impurities, the temperature is 1150 ° C, and the time is 7 minutes for hard brazing, leaving a joint clearance of 0.3 mm. The crystal was hard-brazed to a steel rod with a diameter of 5 mm and a height of 25 mm using the end-to-end technique.

The hard-brazed joints were free of air bubbles or pristas, and the crystals were firmly bonded to the hard-brazed alloy and held securely to the surfaces being hard-brazed.

In hard brazing, the adhesive strength of the crystal to the alloy is 7.3 kg/
It was equal to cm3.

Example 5 Alloy for surface metallization of equiaxed boron nitride crystal (0.5% Co, 27% Ti, 0.003%
Before the cooling and crystallization of V, residual Cu), a layer of the alloy was applied to the surface of the equiaxed boron nitride single crystal by immersing the surface of the crystal in the melt.

It was found that the crystal surface was evenly and firmly covered with a thin metal film after methane sorption.

The adhesion strength of the methane emersion layer to the crystal surface is (
Approximately 5 kg/m (converted to separation strength between crystal and metal thin film)
It was equal to m2.

An electric wire made of molybdenum wire was hard-brazed to a metal-coated crystal face, and a crystal body having two electric wires bonded to both flat parallel faces was used as a thermistor.

The thermistor retained its original properties when exposed to high temperatures (up to 600°C) for more than 4 hours.

Example 6 Alloy for diamond metallization (2,7% Co
, 18% Zr, 0.9% Nb, 7.9% In, remainder Cu,
Ag) was used to metallize the flat biparallel faces of a diamond crystal weighing 2 carats.

The ratio of copper and silver was set to 3nia.

The metallization alloy was a mixture of the aforementioned components in powder phase with a purity of about 50 mcm.

The powdered alloy was thus kneaded into suspension on the easy-to-sinter adhesive, and the alloy was deposited on the diamond crystal faces by dipping them into the suspension.

Subsequently, the metallization layer is heated at a temperature of 900°C.
The diamond surface was baked for 5 minutes in a helium atmosphere free of a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen.

Upon metallization, the diamond crystal faces were covered with a uniform layer of metal that was strongly attached to the substrate.

The adhesion strength of the layer to the diamond surface is 4.0
kg/mm2, the diamond-to-coating junction failed at the diamond-to-metal structural interface, but in some cases the failure occurred in the bulk of the diamond itself (the surface of the crystal had individual destruction had occurred).

Example 7 Silicon carbide hard brazing alloy (4.0% Fe, 11.3
% Ti, 40% Ta, 8.8% Ge, balance Cu, Al) was used to hard braze a 3 x 3 x 3 mm silicon carbide crystal to a steel holder.

The ratio of copper to aluminum in the alloy was 9:1.

Hard brazing was performed by joining end to end to a cylindrical nickel holder with a diameter of 5 mm.

The hard brazing left a joint clearance of only 0.3 mm.

For hard brazing, the alloy was prepared as compacted spherules containing the necessary powder components.

The temperature was 1000℃, the time was 5 minutes, and the atmosphere was helium, excluding impurities of nitrogen and oxygen. As a result, no bubbles or blisters were found in the hard-brazed joints. Ta.

The crystals adhered strongly to the alloy and were held tightly to the hard nickel surface.

The adhesive strength of the crystal to the alloy was 6 kg/mm2.

Example 8 Boron carbide crystal hard brazing alloy (11%Ag, 0.5%
Co, 5% Ti, 4% Ta, remaining Au), two electric wires with a diameter of 0.4 mm made of tantalum wire are 1 x 2 x 2 mm.
It was used for hard soldering to the flat biparallel surfaces of the crystal.

Several pieces of alloy were used on both flat parallel faces of the crystal and attached to the parallel faces with an organic adhesive.

Then, an electric wire made of tantalum wire was brought into contact with the surface and hard brazing was performed at 1150° C. for 5 minutes in a helium atmosphere from which impurities of oxygen and nitrogen had been removed.

When hard brazing was performed, the electric wire was firmly attached to the crystal, and even the electrical connection between the two was secure.

Example 9 Alloy (11%Ag, 0.5%Co, 5%Ti, 4%Ta,
Au residue) was tested.

Before cooling and crystallizing the alloy, the diamond crystal face was immersed in the melt to deposit an alloy layer on the diamond crystal surface.

After metallization, the crystal surface was evenly and strongly covered with a metal thin film.

When the junction between the crystal and the metal thin film was separated and tested,
The adhesion strength of the metallization layer to the surface of the crystal was equal to approximately 5 kg/mm2.

Next, an electric wire made of tungsten wire was hard-brazed to the metal-coated surface of the crystal plane.

A crystal body with two electric wires joined to two parallel crystal planes was used as a thermistor.

The initial properties of the thermistor did not change when tested at high temperatures (800-900°C) for up to 4 hours.

Example 10 Alloy for diamond metallization (17%
Sn, 22% Ni, 11% Ti, 0.3% Mo, 0.2
% Ta, 1.5% Bi) was used for methane segregation of diamond powder with a purity of 100 mcm.

Metal coating was performed by joint liquid-phase sintering of metallization powder alloy and powdered diamond, and separated particles were obtained by grinding the resulting sintered cake.

The metallization powder contains 25 to 3 of the metal components.
Prepared by mixing for 0 minutes.

The metal powder was selected to have a fineness of approximately 50 mcm.

The methane emersion powder was then mixed evenly with powdered diamond in a weight percent ratio of 25 to 5.

The conditions for metallization are vacuum 1-2・10-
5mmHg, temperature 850-900℃, process period 20
minutes were adopted.

When metallized, the powdered diamond was uniformly coated with a thin metal film, and the liquid alloy spread well over the powder surface.

The crushing strength of the metal-coated diamond particles was about four times that of the non-metal-coated particles.

Tests of organic bonded diamond wheels made using metal-coated diamond have shown a production efficiency 3.5 times that of non-metal-coated diamond wheels.

Example 11 Equiaxed boron nitride metallization alloy (1,3
%Co, 14%Ti, 1.8%Ta, 0.5%B, 0.
7% Sb, remaining Cu, Ag), the ratio of copper and silver is 2
8 near 2.

The fineness of the powder equiaxed boron silicide was 80 mcm.

After metal coating was performed by a joint liquid phase sintering method of powdered metallization alloy and powdered equiaxed boron nitride, the resulting sintered cake was ground to obtain individual particles.

The metallization alloy was previously prepared by melting the aforementioned components in vacuum at 1000°C for 10 minutes at 1-3.11-5 mmHg, and later the alloy was reduced to a powder with a fineness of 60-80 mcm.

The powdered metallization alloy was then mixed evenly with powdered equiaxed boron nitride in a weight percent ratio of 40:60.

The conditions for metallization are that the atmosphere is helium from which oxygen and nitrogen impurities have been removed, and the temperature is 900-95%.
The temperature was 0°C, and the process time was 20 minutes.

Upon metallization, the powdered equiaxed boron nitride was evenly coated with a thin metal film, and the liquid alloy exhibited good spreading ability on the surface of the powder.

The fracture strength of the metal-coated equiaxed boron nitride particles was 5.5 times that of the non-metal-coated particles.

Tests of a grinding wheel made primarily of metal-coated equiaxed boron nitride powder bonded with an organic material compared to a similar grinding wheel made of non-metallic equiaxed boron nitride powder. The production capacity was tripled.

Example 12 Alloy for metallization of silicon carbide (6% Ni
, 14% Zr, 3% Mn, 1.7% MO13% Ta, 5
%Bi, residual Cu, Ag), the ratio of copper and tin was 4:1.

The silicon carbide rice flour had a fineness of 60 mcm.

A metal layer was formed by sintering powdered silicon carbide and a powdered metallization alloy together in a liquid phase, and then grinding the resulting sintered cake to obtain separated particles.

The metallization alloy is substantially the metal powder 25 described above.
The mixture was mixed for ~30 minutes.

The fineness of the powder metal was 50 mcm.

The metallization alloy was then mixed evenly with powdered silicon carbide in a weight percent ratio of 30 nia.

The metallization conditions are that the atmosphere is argon from which oxygen and nitrogen impurities have been removed, and the temperature is 1000-105
The temperature was 0°C, and the treatment time was 20 minutes.

Upon metallization, the powdered silicon carbide was evenly coated with a thin metal film that strongly adhered to the surface of the abrasive particles.

The fracture strength of the metal coated silicon carbide particles was 3.7 times that of the non-metal coated particles.

Test results of a diamond grinding wheel using silicon carbide as the abrasive filler and bonded with an organic material have shown that the production capacity is 2.3% compared to a grinding wheel using silicon carbide without metal coating.
It was double that.

Example 13 Alloy for metallization of boron carbide crystals (8.1% C
o, 24%Ti, 5%W, 1.5%B, 3.2%, Tl
, residual brass) was used for the metallization of the surface of boron carbide crystals of approximately 0.5 d.

The balance of the alloy is 70% copper, 0.1% iron, and 0% lead by weight.
．． 03, bismuth 0.002, antimony 0.05, and the remainder was zinc brass.

The methane erosion alloy was made as a 50 mcm thick foil prepared by rolling layers of the metals described above on top of each other.

Titanium layer 15mcm thick, molybdenum layer 1.5mcm thick, cobalt layer 5mcm thick, 1mcm thick
Consisting of a tantalum layer and a 27.5mcm thick brass layer,
A laminated alloy having a total thickness of 50 mcm was adhered to the surface of the boron carbide crystal along with the titanium surface using an easily incinerated adhesive.

At that time, the system was annealed at 900° C. for 15 minutes in an argon atmosphere free of nitrogen and oxygen impurities.

After metallization, it was found that the surface of the boron carbide crystal was coated with a uniform thin metal film that strongly adhered to the substrate.

The adhesion strength of the metallized coating to the crystal, determined by a hardness measurement test using a diamond needle with a tip grinding radius of 50 mcm, is quite strong, 750 mcm.
g (converted to the force exerted on the needle until the bonded metal is removed from the surface of the crystal and the crystal is completely exposed).

Example 14 Alloy for hard brazing equiaxed boron nitride (0.7% Co
, 10.8% Ti, 35% Ta, 2.8% Bi, residual brass).

The alloy was used to braze a cutting tool made of Elbor (an equiaxed boron nitride based abrasive) and 4.1 mm in diameter and 4.9 mm in height.

The balance of the alloy was 81 copper, 0.1 iron, 0.03 lead, 0.002 bismuth, 0.005 antimony, and the remainder was zinc brass.

Hard brazing was performed on a steel holder with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 25 mm.

A hard brazing hole was drilled along the central axis of the steel rod.

Hard brazing of 0.3 mm on each side left a bond clearance for 0.3 mm.

For hard brazing, a cutting member was inserted into a powder mixture (alloy) prepared from the metal powder described above to remove excess hard brazing alloy.

Hard brazing is performed by applying 300 g of pressure to the tool and applying 950 g of pressure to the tool.
It was carried out at ~990°C for 10 minutes in a vacuum of 1-2.10-5 mmHg.

Excess alloy was removed from the joint clearance.

When hard soldering was performed, the tool had no air bubbles, no incomplete brazing spots, no pristas, no cracks, and no spalling.

The joint clearance was filled with alloy to achieve full capacity.

The adhesion of the alloy to the tool and holder materials was also good.

Furthermore, a boring tool was made from the test piece and ground.

The tool thus prepared was tested by cutting tool steel without coolant using the following cutting conditions:

That is, the rotation speed was 80 to 100 m/min, the vertical feed rate was 0.01 to 0.08 mm/rotational cutting depth was 0.2 mm, and the maximum allowable cutting depth was 2.5 to 3 mm.

When machining sleeve-shaft type workpieces with the tool, the tool showed great robustness.

That is, neither movement of the tool body relative to the alloy nor its loosening or separation from the alloy occurred until the seventh regrinding.

A high level of surface finish was achieved with this tool.

Example 15 Elbow with a diameter of 4.2 mm and a height of 5.1 mm
Or (a polycrystalline abrasive based on equiaxed boron nitride), the equiaxed boron nitride is used for hard brazing with an alloy (1,8% Co, 11 .2% Zr
, 35% Mo, 7% Ta, 10% Pb, remainder Cu, Sn)
It was used.

The copper to tin ratio of the alloy was 4:1.

Hard brazing was performed on a steel holder with a diameter of 8.0 mm and a height of 25 mm.

A hard brazing hole was drilled along the central axis of the steel rod.

Hard brazing left a joining clearance of 0.3 mm on each side.

Place the alloy for hard brazing within the joint clearance in the shape of the prepared alloy molding, and place the alloy for hard brazing within the joint clearance.
The wood was placed on the ground.

The excess amount of hard soldering was removed from the alloy.

Hard brazing is performed in a vacuum of 1 to 2.10-5 mmHg for 10 minutes at 950 ° C with a pressure of 300 g on the tool,
went.

Excess alloy was removed from the joint clearance for hard brazing.

When hard soldered, the tool was free of air bubbles, hard soldered defects, blisters, cracks, or spalling.

The joint clearance was filled with alloy for hard brazing to full capacity.

It is noted that the adhesion of the alloy to the tool and holder materials is also good.

Next, a surface finishing tool was made and ground using the test piece prepared in this way, and the cutting speed was set at 90 to 120 m/min.
Steel was cut without coolant under the following cutting conditions: longitudinal feed rate 0.04-0.08 mm/rev, cutting depth 0.2 mm, maximum practical depth 2.5-3 mm. Tested.

As a result of the tests, the tool was found to be very durable.

That is, no movement of the tool stem relative to the brazing alloy or loosening or separation from the alloy occurred until the seventh regrind.

The surface machined by the tool exhibited a high degree of surface finish.

Example 16 Equiaxed boron nitride metallization alloy (2,3
%Ni, 11.2%Ti, 1.5%Mn, 35%Ta,
2.6% Bi, 70% brass) was used for the metallization of the side and end faces of a polycrystalline molding of equiaxed boron nitride with a diameter of 4.1 mm and a height of 5 mm.

The remaining brass of the alloy was the same brass composition as in Example 15.

The alloy was prepared as a suspension kneaded on an organic binder and applied with a brush.

Vacuum 1-2.10-5mmHg, temperature 900-950℃
The metallization was carried out under the conditions that the processing time was 10 minutes.

Once the alloy-coated cake is cooled, the alloy shrinks and
Brass without adhesion activating additives, length 15 mm and diameter 8
It was inserted into a mm hole.

The shrinking process was carried out in air and under flux.

The heating step (high-frequency induction heating) is carried out at 780-800°C for 5 to 50 minutes under conditions such that the metallization layer is not oxidized and the adhesion obtained in the metallization step is protected.
It took 10 seconds.

When finished hard soldering, the tool had no bubbles, no cracks, and no chips.

The joint clearance was completely filled with alloy for hard brazing.

Adhesive bonding of the alloy to tool and holder materials was also good.

The specimen thus obtained was ground into a straight cutting tool, the cutting tool was cut at a cutting speed of 80-100 m/min, a cutting depth of 0.8 mm, and an actual maximum cutting depth of 2.5-3 mm.
A flat straight cylindrical blank of a steel rod with a diameter of 95 mm was cut on a thread cutting lathe without coolant under machine finishing conditions of , longitudinal feed rate of 0.04-0.06 mm.

As a result of the experiment, the tool was found to be very durable.

That is, the tool had no movement of its stem relative to the brazing alloy, no loosening, or separation from the alloy.

The tool withstood six regrinds with a high degree of surface finish.

Example 17 Equiaxed boron nitride metallization alloy (1,6
%Co, 10.9%Zr, 7%V, 40%Ta, 6%P
b, 3% Tl, balance Cu, Sm) was used for side and end metallization of an equiaxed boron nitride polycrystalline form with a diameter of 4.0 mm and a height of 5 mm.

The remainder of the alloy was copper and tin in a 4:1 ratio.

The alloy was used as an alloy suspension for powder hard brazing mixed with an organic adhesive.

The metallization conditions were that the atmosphere was helium without oxygen and nitrogen mixture, the temperature was 900-950°C, and the treatment time was 7 minutes.

Once the equiaxed boron nitride metallized polycrystalline was cooled, the molten bronze-filled braze shrunk into the hole.

Hard brazing was carried out to a steel cylindrical holder in which a shaft hole was formed and a joining clearance of 0.4 mm was formed on one side.

Said shrinkage is carried out in air under a flux and under such conditions as to prevent oxidation of the metallized coating and to prevent disturbance of the adhesion obtained in the metallization process.
A heating process (high-frequency induction heating) requiring seconds was performed.

After hard brazing, the tool had no hard brazing defects, bubbles, or cracks.

Hard brazing made the alloy fill the joint clearance to a sufficient capacity.

The bonding to the cutting member and holder was also good.

The specimen prepared in this way was ground to obtain a straight cutting tool, and the machine finishing conditions were as follows: cutting speed 80-120 m/min, cutting depth 0.8 mm, longitudinal feed rate 0.06 mm/rotation. With a precision thread cutting lathe, the diameter is 95 mm.
The cutting tool was tested by cutting a mm straight cylindrical bar without coolant.

Testing showed the tool to be extremely durable; it held strongly within the hard solder alloy and withstood seven regrinds.

Additionally, a high degree of surface finish was produced.

Example 18 Elbor A tool made of Elbor (an abrasive material based on equiaxed boron nitride) with an equiaxed crystal system for hard brazing a tool with a diameter of 4.0 mm and a height of 4.5 mm. Alloy for hard brazing boron nitride (8% Ni, 14% Zr, 40% W, 5% T
a, 7.3% Bi) was used.

The remainder of the alloy was brass having the same composition as in Example 13.

Hard brazing was performed on a steel holder with a diameter of 5.5 mm and a height of 20 mm.

A hard brazing hole was drilled in the end face of the steel rod in the vertical direction of its central axis, leaving a 0.2 mm hard brazing bonding clearance on one side.

The cutting member was forced into a powder mixture (hard brazing alloy) prepared from selected metal powders.

Excess hard brazing was removed from the alloy. Hard brazing was performed in a helium atmosphere free of nitrogen and oxygen impurities at a temperature of 1000° C. for 10 minutes with a pressure of 300 g applied to the tool.

Excess alloy was removed from the joint clearance for hard brazing.

After the tool was hard-brazed, the tool had no air bubbles, no hard-braze defects, no pristas, no cracks, and no spalling.

The hard brazing alloy completely closes the joint clearance.

The adhesion of the alloy to the tool and holder materials was also good.

Furthermore, the specimen thus prepared was ground to obtain a straight cutting tool.

Cutting speed 80-100m/min, cutting depth 0.
8 mm, maximum cutting depth of 2.5-3 mm, longitudinal feed rate of 0.04-0.06 mm/revolution, straight cylindrical bar is machined to a diameter of 95 mm on a precision thread-cutting lathe. The cutting tool was tested by cutting without coolant.

Tests have shown that the tool is very durable.

The tool did not move its stem from the hard brazing alloy and did not loosen or separate from the alloy until the sixth regrind.

The surface finish obtained by the tool was high.

Example 19 Alloy for metallization on the surface of equiaxed boron nitride (
3%Ni13%Mn, 12%V, 30%Au, 7%In
, 2% Bi, 8% Pt, balance Cu, Ag), 1.5 m
It was used for the metallization of several surfaces of equiaxed boron nitride of size m.

The copper to silver ratio of the alloy was 3nia.

The methane ission alloy is prepared by kneading a powder mixture essentially consisting of a mixture of the aforementioned components in powder form over a readily combustible adhesive in a vacuum or an inert atmosphere.
A suspension was obtained, and then the surface of an equiaxed boron nitride crystal was dipped into the suspension to apply the suspension to the surface.

As a result, the metallization layer was baked onto the crystal surface at 920-980° C. for 10 minutes in an atmosphere of pure argon.

When metallized, the surfaces of the equiaxed boron nitride crystals were covered with a uniform thin metal film that was strongly bonded to the substrate.

The adhesion strength (separation strength) of the metallization layer to the crystal was 5.7 kg/mm2.

Fracture of the metal-coated crystal occurred 50% at the metal-crystal interface and 50% across the bulk of the crystal itself.

Example 20 Alloy (1,
1%Fe, 13%Mn, 24.2%Nb, 1.6%Sb
, 8% Ga, 7.3% Os) were used for metallization of a silicon carbide surface with an area of 1 m2.

Nb-Mn-0s-Ir-8b-Ga-Cu-alloy,
Successive layers of 25 mcm thick each are applied to the surface of the silicon carbide crystal by vacuum metal jet deposition method on the cold crystal surface, and the thickness of the deposited metal layer is measured to verify the weight content during the process. was inspected.

After the deposition step, the same vacuum (1-2.10-5 mmHg)
The resulting coating was annealed at 1000-1050° C. for 7 minutes.

Upon metallization, the silicon carbide crystal faces were coated with a uniform metal layer that strongly adhered to the substrate.

The adhesive strength (separation strength) of the metal layer to the crystal is 7.6k
g/mm2.

When subjected to separate fracture tests, metal-coated crystals failed both at the metal-crystal interface and in the bulk of the crystal itself.

Example 21 Equiaxed boron nitride metallization alloy (0,3
%Fe, 15%Zr, 2.2%Ta, 4.8%Pb, 0
．． 4% Rh, 0.6% Ge) was used for metallization of diamond powder with a fineness of 250 mcm.

The copper to aluminum ratio of the remainder of the alloy was 9:1.

The melatization coating was applied by sintering the equiaxed powdered boron nitride and the powdered mesitization alloy together and then grinding the sintered powder to obtain separated particles.

The components of the melatization were selected as a powder mixture of the required metal components previously prepared by mixing the components for 25-30 minutes.

The fineness of the powder metal was approximately 50 mcm.

The metalization ingredients were then mixed evenly with the powdered diamond in a weight percent ratio of 35:65.

To eliminate the possibility of fine metal powder escaping through the larger abrasive powder, an organic adhesive was added to the mixture that was easily incinerated in a vacuum or inert atmosphere.

The melatization conditions are a degree of vacuum of 1 to 2.10-5.
The treatment time was 20 minutes at 950° C. and mmHg.

When melatization was performed, the powdered equiaxed boron nitride was uniformly coated with a metal thin film.

The liquid alloy showed good spreading ability on the powder surface.

The fracture strength of the equiaxed boron nitride particles was 3.9 times that of the unmetallized particles.

As a result of testing a grinding wheel made using metal-coated equiaxed boron nitride powder and bonded with an organic agent, it was found to be similar to that made with equiaxed boron nitride powder without metal coating. The production capacity was three times that of the previous grinding wheel.

Example 22 Hard brazing equiaxed boron nitride using alloy (1.2% Fe,
12.3%Ti, 30%Ta, 10%Au, 0.3%I
r, 0.5% Tl, residual Cu, Ag, diameter 4.1 mm
It had a height of 5.0 mm and was used for hard brazing an Elbor tool.

The remaining copper to silver ratio of the alloy was 28 near 2.

Hard brazing was performed on a steel holder with a diameter of 8 mm and a height of 25 mm.

For hard brazing, holes were drilled squarely along the central axis of the steel rod.

Brazing clearance is 0.15-0 on one side
．． It was 20 mm.

Place the pre-prepared molded alloy for hard brazing within the joint clearance for hard brazing and attach it to the elbow.
I placed the tool material on top of it.

Excess hard brazing was removed from the alloy.

Place over a 250g pressure crab tool at 950℃ for 7 to 10 minutes.
Hard brazing was performed in an argon atmosphere free of oxygen and nitrogen.

Excess alloy was removed from the joint clearance for hard brazing.

When hard soldered, the tool had no air bubbles, no hard soldered defects, no blisters, no cracks, and no spalling.

The alloy for hard brazing has completely packed the clearance for hard brazing.

The adhesion of the alloy to the tool and holder materials was also good.

The test piece prepared in this way was ground to become a thread cutting tool, and the tool was operated at a cutting speed of 90 to 120 m/s.
min, longitudinal feed rate 0.04-0.08 mm/rev, cutting depth 0.2 mm, maximum possible cutting depth 2.5
Tests were made by cutting steel without coolant under machining conditions of ~3 mm.

Testing showed that the tool was very durable, with no movement of the tool stem from the alloy until the fifth regrind, and no loosening or separation of the tool from the alloy.

Moreover, the tool had a high degree of surface finish.

Example 23 Diamond hard brazing alloy (1.9% Ni, 12.
7%Ti, 2.4%Cr, 3.8%V, 2.4%Ir,
3.2% Pt, 0.8% Sb, balance Cu, Ag, In) was used to hard braze a polycrystalline diamond mass with a diameter of 3.5 mm and a height of 4.5 mm.

The remaining silver, copper and indium ratio in the alloy is 63:27:
It was 10.

Hard brazing was performed on a steel holder with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 20 mm.

A drill hole was drilled from the end face of the steel rod in the longitudinal direction of its central axis to provide a hard brazing hole, leaving a joining clearance for hard brazing of 0.3 mm on one side.

A powder mixture (alloy for hard brazing) was prepared in advance from the required mixture of metals, and the cutting member was pressed into this powder mixture.

Apply 30 to 50 g of pressure to the tool at 800°C for 15 minutes.
Hard brazing was performed in vacuum at 1-2.10-5 mmHg.

Excess alloy was removed from the joint clearance for hard brazing.

When the hard brazing was completed, the tool had no air bubbles, no blisters, no hard brazing defects, no cracks, and no fractures.

It was found that the alloy used for hard brazing completely satisfied the clearance for hard brazing.

The adhesion of the alloy to the tool and holder materials was also good.

The specimen prepared in this way was ground into a straight cutting tool, with a cutting depth of 0.8-2.5 mm, a cutting speed of 100 m/min, and a longitudinal feed rate of 0.02-0.06 m.
The cutting tools were tested by machining non-ferrous metals under machining conditions of m/revolution.

Test results showed that the tool was very durable with no separation of the tool from the alloy until the fifth regrind.

The tool was found to exhibit a high degree of surface finish.

Example 24 Alloy for diamond metallization (0.4% C
o, 12.1%Ti, 3.5%Nb, 30%Ta, 0.
8% Tl, 1.3% Pb, balance Cu, Ag, In) was used for the metallization of the side and end faces of a polycrystalline diamond compact with a diameter of 3.6 mm and a height of 4.8 mm.

The remaining silver, indium and copper ratio of the alloy is 49:31:2
It was 0.

The alloy was mounted by dipping the diamond compact into a suspension of powdered alloy kneaded on an organic adhesive.

Metallization was performed under the following conditions: atmosphere: argon free of oxygen and nitrogen impurities, temperature: -750 to 800°C, and processing time: -20 minutes.

After the metal-coated diamond polycrystals cooled down, the braze shrank into the hole along with the molten braze alloy.

An axial hole was drilled in the cylindrical steel holder, leaving a clearance of 0.3 mm on one side, and the holder was hard-brazed.

Shrinking was carried out in air under a flux.

The heating and bonding steps were carried out for a duration of 10 seconds (high frequency induction heating was used) under conditions to prevent oxidation of the metallization layer and to prevent disturbance of the adhesion obtained during its metallization.

After hard brazing, the tool had no air bubbles, no pristas, no hard brazing defects, no cracks, and no spalling.

It was found that the hard brazing clearance was sufficiently filled with the hard brazing alloy.

The adhesion of the alloy to the tool and holder materials was also good.

The specimen prepared in this way was cut into a straight J cutting tool, with a cutting depth of −0.8 to 3 mm and a cutting speed of 12
0~180m/min, vertical feed ratio 0.02~0.0
Non-ferrous metals were machined and cutting tools were tested under machining conditions of 8 mm/rev.

Test results showed that the tool was very durable, with no separation of the tool from the alloy until the fifth regrind.

The tool provided a high degree of surface finish.

Example 25 Carbonado (synthetic diamond polycrystalline) product with a diameter of 3 to 4 mm and a height of 3.8 to 4.2 mm
ks) was metalized with a tart having the following composition in weight percentage:

Ag87.5%, Ni0.5%, Cr5.0%, Nb7
．． 0%.

The resulting metallization coating has a uniform thickness of 0.
It had a thickness of 2 to 0.3 mm, and was characterized by strong adhesion to carbonate.

The metallized carbonado was then brazed to a steel holder using PSr-40 hard brazing filler metal (a standard silver-based brazing filler metal), resulting in a high quality brazed joint.

Example 26 A carbonate product with a diameter of 3-4 mm and a height of 3.8-4.2 mm was metallized with a melt having the following composition in weight percentages:

5n87.5%, Fe0.5%, Mo5.0%, V7.
The metallized coating obtained at 0% had a uniform thickness of 0.2 to 0.3 mm and was characterized by strong adhesion to carbonate.

The metallized carbonado was then brazed to a steel holder using PSr-40 hard brazing filler metal, resulting in a high quality brazed joint.

Example 27 A carbonate product with a diameter of 3-4 mm and a height of 3.8-4.2 mm was metallized with a melt having the following composition in weight percentages:

A187.5%, Fe6.0%, Mn5.0%, Nb1
．． 5% The resulting metallization coating has a uniform thickness of 0.5%.
It had a thickness of 2 to 0.3 mm, and was characterized by strong adhesion to carbonate.

The metallized carbonado was then brazed to a steel holder using PSr-40 hard brazing filler metal, resulting in a high quality brazed joint.

Example 28 A product of Elbow-R (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) with a diameter of 5.1 mm and a height of 4.5 mm was hard-brazed to a cylindrical honda using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages: did.

Cu 11.0%, Co6.0%, Mn 43.0%,
The hard brazing joint obtained with V40.0% has the characteristics that the cutting element of the elbow R has no bubble cracks or other hard brazing defects, and the hard brazing filler metal fills the void uniformly. I had it.

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used for round cutting and face cutting.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incomplete hard brazing points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 5.
or did not exceed 10%.

Example 29 An elbow radius product with a diameter of 5.1 mm and a height of 4.5 mm was brazed to a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

Snll. 0%, Ni6.0%, Mn43.0%, Nb
40.0% The resulting hard solder osteosynthesis joint has no bubble cracks or other hard soldering defects in the cutting element of the elbow R;
It had the characteristic that the voids were filled uniformly with the hard brazing filler metal.

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incompletely hard brazed points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 5.
or did not exceed 10%.

Example 30 An elbow radius product with a diameter of 5.1 mm and a height of 4.5 mm was brazed to a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

Cu53.927%, Fe0.5%, Mn46.2%,
Ta0.003% The obtained hard solder osteosynthesis joint has no bubble cracks or other hard soldering defects in the cutting element of the elbow R.
It had the characteristic that the voids were filled uniformly with the hard brazing filler metal.

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incomplete hard brazing points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 5.
or did not exceed 10%.

Example 31 An elbow radius product with a diameter of 5.1 mm and a height of 4.5 mm was hard-soldered to a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

Cu52.297%, Co1.5%, Cr46.2%,
Nb0.003% The obtained hard solder osteosynthesis joint has no bubble cracks or other hard soldering defects in the cutting element of the elbow R.
It had the characteristic that the voids were filled uniformly with the hard brazing filler metal.

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incomplete hard brazing points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 5.
or did not exceed 10%.

Example 32 An elbow radius product with a diameter of 5.1 mm and a height of 4.5 mm was brazed to a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

Ag86.5%, Ni0.5%, W5.0%, Nb8.
0% The resulting hard solder osteosynthesis joint is free of bubble cracks or other hard soldering defects in the cutting element of the elbow R.
It had the characteristic that the voids were filled uniformly with the hard brazing filler metal.

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incompletely hard brazed points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 5.
or did not exceed 10%.

Example 33 Elbow with a diameter of 5 to 5 mm and a height of 4 to 5 mm
The product R was hard-soldered to a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

Cu87.5%, Ni6.0%, Zr6.497%, B
o, 003% The resulting hard solder bone joint has no air bubbles in the cutting element of the elbow R, has an extremely low percentage of crack-like defects, and has uniformly filled voids with hard brazing filler metal. It had special characteristics.

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incompletely hard brazed points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 1
It was 2%.

Example 34 Elbow-R products with a diameter of 5 to 5.5 mm and a height of 4 to 5 mm were brazed to a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

Cu11.0%, Co6.0%, Mn33.0%, V4
0.0%, 5b10.0% The obtained hard brazing joint has no air bubbles in the cutting element of the elbow R, very few crack-like defects, and the hard brazing filler metal fills the void uniformly. It had the characteristic of being

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incompletely hardened points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 1.
It was 2%.

Example 35 Elbow-R products with a diameter of 5 to 5.5 mm and a height of 4 to 5 mm were hard-soldered to a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

5n11.0%, nickel 6.0%, Mn33.0%,
Nb 40.0%, B110.0% The obtained hard brazed joint has no air bubbles in the cutting element of the elbow R, a very low percentage of crack-like defects, and the hard brazed filler metal is uniformly distributed in the void. It had the characteristic of being filled.

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incompletely hard brazed points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 1
It was 2%.

Example 36 Carbonado products with a diameter of 5 to 5.5 mm and a height of 4 to 5 mm were brazed into a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

5n45.6%, Fe0.5%, Mo46.2%, V7
%, Pb0.7% The obtained hard brazed joint joint has no air bubbles in the carbonado cutting element and a low percentage of crack-like defects.
It had the characteristic that the voids were filled uniformly with the hard brazing filler metal.

In addition, the adhesion of the hard brazing filler metal to the carbonado at the joining joint was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incompletely hardened points within the cutting tool body.12
%Met.

Example 37 Carbonado products with a diameter of 5 to 5.5 mm and a height of 4 to 5 mm were brazed into a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

Ag86.8%, Ni0.5%, Zr5.0%, Nb7
．． 0%, Bio, 7% The obtained hard brazed joint joint has no air bubbles in the carbonado cutting element and a low percentage of crank-like defects.
It had the characteristic that the voids were filled uniformly with the hard brazing filler metal.

In addition, the adhesion of the hard brazing filler metal to the carbonado at the joining joint was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incompletely hard brazed points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 1
It was 2%.

Example 38 An elbow radius product with a diameter of 5 to 5.5 mm and a height of 4 to 5 mm was hard-soldered to a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

Cu45.6%, Ni0.5%, Ti46.2%, V5
．． 0%, Pb2.7% The obtained hard brazed joint has no air bubbles in the cutting element of the elbow R, a small percentage of crack-like defects, and
It had the characteristic that the voids were filled uniformly with the hard brazing filler metal.

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined at the crank and incompletely hard soldered points in the cutting tool body, and it was found that 1
It was 2%.

Example 39 Elbow to R products with a diameter of 5.5 mm and a height of 4 to 5 mm were brazed to a cylindrical holder using an alloy having the following composition in weight percentages:

Cu43.6%, Ni0.5%, W46.2%, V5.
0%, Pb4.7% The obtained hard brazed joint has no air bubbles in the cutting element of the elbow R, a low percentage of crack-like defects,
It had the characteristic that the voids were filled uniformly with the hard brazing filler metal.

In addition, the elbow of the hard brazing filler metal at the joining joint
Adhesion to R was good.

After hard brazing, the cutting tool was sharpened so that it could be used as a round cutting and face cutting sword bit.

The amount of defects after hard brazing with the above alloy was determined from cracks and incompletely hardened points within the cutting tool body, and was found to be 1.
It was 2%.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The following first to fourth groups: (1) A first group consisting of copper, silver, tin, aluminum, and zinc.
11-87.5% of at least one of the group, (2) 0.3-8.1% of at least one of the second group consisting of iron, cobalt and nickel, (3) titanium, chromium, zirconium, manganese. ,
(4) 5 to 54% of at least one member of the third group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten; and (4) 0.003 to 47% of at least one member of the fourth group consisting of vanadium, niobium, tantalum, and boron, each as a weight percentage. An alloy with high adhesion to cemented carbide abrasives, characterized by comprising: 2. An alloy with high adhesion to cemented carbide abrasives according to claim 1, further containing 0.5 to 10% by weight of at least one member of the group consisting of thallium, lead, antimony, and bismuth. . 3. High adhesion to the cemented carbide abrasive material according to claim 1, further containing 0.6 to 79.5% by weight of at least one member of the group consisting of gold, gallium, indium, and germanium. sexual alloy. 4. High adhesion to the cemented carbide abrasive material according to claim 1, further containing 0.4 to 8% by weight of at least one member of the group consisting of osmium, rhodium, palladium, iridium, and platinum. sexual alloy.