JPS58112082A - Evaporation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To systematically effectively utilize necessary supplied energy, by supplying the power of an engine to the compressor of an evaporator and then together with the heat of water for cooling the jacket of the engine to a heat exchanger provided in the evaporator to evaporate salt water. CONSTITUTION:Salt water reserved in a spreading means 14 is spread to the bundle 18 of heat-transmitting pipes and evaporated therein. The formed steam is compressed to about 76 deg.C by a compressor 17, recycled for heat exchange, condensed itself and received in the condensed water reservoir 25 of a header 24 at the outlet side. Slightly concentrated salt water dropping from the bundle 18 of heat-transmitting pipes is evaporated by heat exchange with the bundle 19 of heating pipes through which water of about 85 deg.C for cooling a jacket is circulated, and the formed steam is mixed with the formed steam from the bundle 18 of heat-transmitting pipes thereabove. The jacket-cooling water becomes at about 78 deg.C and returns to the engine. The condensed water of about 76 deg.C gathered in the condensed water reservoir 25 is let flow through a pipe 26, heated and evaporated by a waste heat boiler 27 of about 400 deg.C, and then introduced as steam of about 76 deg.C to a header 23 at the inlet side.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a solution evaporation method aimed at reducing running costs by comprehensively and effectively utilizing the required supply energy in preparation for future oil supply shortages. .

In other words, the system uses a steam LF condensing evaporator, a multi-stage evaporator, an engine, a compressor, a heat exchanger, and a vacuum pump storage combination, which consumes less energy than the methods attempted with conventional equipment, and is suitable for seawater, groundwater, This method was developed to separate pure water from wood and other impure water, or to provide an evaporation method that can obtain a solution at a given time. Vapor pressure NiJ
When an evaporator performs evaporation, compression, and condensation at a high temperature, the steam becomes more intense and can be easily compressed, and the specific volume is small, so the equipment can be small, and the heat transfer coefficient is high, so high-temperature operation is preferred. It has been adopted. However, if raw water at room temperature is directly introduced into the evaporator, the evaporator cannot be maintained at a predetermined high temperature, so a method of preheating by exchanging heat with high temperature discharged water is adopted.

One aspect of the present invention is to use heat exchange in this preheating stage to perform evaporation and condensation, thereby increasing the total amount of distilled water.

In conventional vapor compression evaporators, the pressure M machine consumes a lot of power, so the operating temperature of the evaporator can be maintained at a high temperature by generating heat corresponding to this power. However, the problem with adopting a method of improving the performance of the evaporator and reducing the consumption of cutting blades is that a large amount of heat must be added from outside in order to maintain the crop temperature.

Another aspect of the present invention is to use the power generated by the engine for vapor compression, and use the heat of the cooling water and exhaust gas discharged from the engine to maintain the operating temperature of the evaporator. This system efficiently balances the temperature of the evaporator and maintains a sufficiently high temperature of 11.1 degrees Celsius even with low power consumption.

The advantages of maintaining the operating temperature of the evaporator at a high temperature are as mentioned above, but if the temperature is too high, there are disadvantages such as scale generation from raw water and increased tK corrosion of equipment materials, so It is preferred to operate at a suitable temperature below. However, in order to evaporate at temperatures below 100°C, the degree of vacuum must be maintained in accordance with the temperature.

Another aspect of the invention provides a method for reducing the volume of gas and water vapor entering a vacuum pump, thereby reducing the power requirements of the pump.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and relates to an evaporation method that meets energy saving, and an embodiment thereof will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In Figure 1, approximately 20°C 15. Seawater at a rate of 000/h is pumped up by a pump 1, branched into one side, passed through a pipe 2, heated to about 300 ℃ in a heat exchanger 6, and then passed from a chemical tank 4 to a pipe 5, where it is heated to a temperature of 5. A scale inhibiting agent such as phosphate is added, and the mixture passes through tube 6 and successively through a condensing tube bundle 8 of a multi-stage evaporator 7, such as a multi-stage flash evaporator, to raise the temperature to about 72.5° C., and then passes through tube 9. and reaches the degassing tank 10.

This raw material seawater is injected from a nozzle 11 to release dissolved gas, and then passes through a pipe 12 and accumulates in the pasting device 14 of the steam pressure 84 generator 16.

This vapor compression evaporator 16 is driven by an engine 15 and a generator 16.
A heat transfer tube bundle 18 is located below the dispersion device 14, and a heating tube bundle 19 is provided further below. The outlet pipe 22 is open and connected to the inlet header 26 of the heat transfer tube bundle 18, and the thin water reservoir 25 at the bottom of the outlet header 24 is connected to the exhaust heat boiler 27 of the engine. It is connected to the inlet header 26 via a pipe 28. Heating tube bundle 19 and engine 1
The jacket cooling water m-line pipe 29 of No. 5 is connected to the pump 60, and the high temperature jacket cooling water becomes a heating source.

The engine 15 is provided with an oil supply pipe 57.

As mentioned above, the seawater accumulated in the spraying device 14 is transferred to the heat transfer tube bundle 1.
8°, and evaporated by the high temperature of the compressed steam in the pipe. The generated steam is compressed to about 76°C by the compressor 17, and then re-vaporized.
The N-ring exchanges heat, and it condenses itself and collects in the condensed water reservoir 25 of the outlet header 24. The slightly concentrated seawater that falls from the heat transfer tube bundle 18 is then evaporated through heat exchange in the heating tube bundle 19 with about 850 jacket cooling water, and the generated steam is evaporated with the generated steam in the heat transfer tube bundle 18 above. Mix. Approximately 74
The 4M seawater of C accumulates in the lower C noodle making line ff1A51. The jacket cooling water returns to the engine at approximately 78°C. - About 760 ml of condensed water collected in the condensed water reservoir 25 passes through the pipe 26, is heated by the waste heat boiler 27 at about 400°C, evaporates, becomes about 760 ml of steam, and passes through the pipe 28 to the inlet Heragu 26. and the pressure m by the compressor 17
It mixes with A gas and enters the heat exchanger tube bundle 18. As described above, in the vapor compression evaporator 15, the electric power generated by the engine drive and the jacket cooling water and exhaust gas are effectively utilized.

The approximately 74° C. condensed prine stored in the 41M brine reservoir 61 of the vapor compression evaporator 15 is introduced into the lower part of the hottest evaporation stage 66 of the multi-stage evaporator 7 via the pipe 32. The multi-stage evaporator 7 is divided into multiple stages by a vertical partition wall 65 having 64 orifices, and at the bottom there is an immersion pipe bundle 6 connected by a branch pipe 36 from a pipe 26 through which condensed water flows.
7 is provided below the liquid level 68, and the outlet pipe 69 communicates with the #fine ice tray 41 above the lowest temperature evaporation stage 40. Approximately 76C of condensed water is introduced into this immersion type tube bundle 67, and in each stage, the four condensing plines at the bottom are heated and evaporated, and flash evaporated from the orifice 64 to the lower temperature stages in sequence, and the generated steam is both transferred to the upper condensing tube bundle. 8, it condenses and accumulates in the saucer 41, and is sequentially cascaded and collected from the pipe 42 in the amount of about 540. This condensed water passes through a fresh water generation pump 45 and heat exchanges a6.
It exchanges heat with the cold raw seawater, reaching a temperature of about 24°C and flowing into tube 4.
It is taken out at a rate of 9/h from 4 to 6.250/h and used as appropriate. On the other hand, -fine brine is extracted from the lowest temperature evaporation stage 40, and is extracted from the prine pump 45. - It passes through the heat exchanger 6, becomes about 24C, and is recovered from the pipe 46 at a rate of 7,750 kg/h.

The non-condensable gas generated in the vapor compression evaporator 16 passes through the pipe 47 from the outlet side header 24, and then merges with the bleed air from the multi-stage J-heavy equipment 7, passes through the pipe 48, and enters the bleed air cooler 49.
The water vapor that is brought into direct contact with seawater at about 20C, which is introduced from pipe 2 through branch pipe 5o and flows into heat exchanger e, 6, condenses and becomes lower in temperature, reducing its volume. Since the reduced non-condensable gas is discharged to the atmosphere by the water ring vacuum pump 51, the vacuum pump can be downsized. The waste water from the oil cooler 49 passes through the pipe 52 and is mixed into the fine line and discharged. It goes without saying that the power for the various pumps is supplied from the generator 16.

In the above description, the multi-stage evaporator 7 is a multi-stage flash evaporator, but other types such as a multiple effect evaporator with flash can also be used, and the compressor 17 can be directly connected to the engine, and still pass through the pipe 28. Optionally, the steam may be introduced outside the tube bundle of the evaporator 16 instead of the inlet header 26. Furthermore, when there is no engine equipment and only electric power is obtained, for example, when the heat source is solar heat using a heat collector 56 as shown in FIG. 2, the vapor pressure N evaporator 16.
Multi-stage evaporator7. The combination of heat exchanger B can be applied and can be used in the heat storage tank 541 at night to enable continuous operation. At this time, the solar heat collected in the daytime heat collector 56 is transferred to the t1 heat tank 5.
4 and taken out as steam through a pipe 55 to a steam pressure of N.
The heat is supplied to a heating tube bundle (not shown) of the evaporator 15, and the heat is used for evaporation, and the drain is returned to the heat storage tank 54 through the tube 56 and used in the #i term. In this case, of course, there is no exhaust heat boiler or generator.

Also, depending on the engine, the temperature of the jacket cooling water may be low. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the jacket cooling water is pumped into an evaporation chamber at a temperature suitable for heat exchange in the multistage evaporator 7, which is successively brought to a low temperature by a pump 60, for example, an immersion tube bundle below the second stage evaporation chamber. 67 for heat exchange, the generated steam preheats the feed water flowing through the condensing Mf bundle 8, and it condenses itself, helping to increase the amount of l# fine water, thus making the heat effective even when the jacket cooling water is at a low temperature. Utilization becomes OT ability.

If the temperature of this jacket cooling water is low, #! If it is not desired to increase the amount of shredded ice, the jacket cooling water may be exchanged with # water and ζ water on the 11M water tray 41. Note that the hot water introduced from the outside to the multistage evaporator is not limited to jacket cooling water, but can also be applied to solar heat-collected water, factory heated wastewater, and the like.

In the present invention, electric power from an engine-driven generator is supplied to the compressor used in the vapor compression evaporator, jacket cooling water is circulated through a heating tube method to serve as a heating source, and the heat contained in the engine exhaust gas is used to produce the vapor. Since the generator is maintained at a high temperature, even if the compressor assistance is small, the evaporator operation can be kept at a sufficiently high temperature due to the heat balance of the engine, and the supplied energy can be used without wasting it.

In addition, a multistage evaporator is connected to the vapor pressure N evaporator, and the #condensation line of the vapor compression evaporator is generated by flash evaporation of steam sequentially in the multistage evaporator and hot water led from the outside to the multistage evaporator. Since the feed water flowing through the condensing tube bundle is preheated by steam, the temperature of the feed water becomes higher and at the same time the amount of condensed water increases, improving performance. In the case of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, in which the high-temperature condensed water of the vapor compression evaporator is used as the hot water led to the multi-stage evaporator from the outside, the equipment holding the condensed water can be sufficiently recovered, improving thermal efficiency and improving production efficiency. Water volume can be increased.

Furthermore, in an evaporation method in which a vapor compression evaporator and a heat exchanger are arranged in descending order of operating temperature, and the raw water is passed through the heat exchanger to preheat it, the non-condensable gas discharged from the evaporator is guided to a bleed air cooler. The raw water at the lowest temperature significantly reduces the amount of water vapor compared to the cold non-condensable gas. That is, while the pressure inside the cooler is maintained at the same pressure as the pressure inside the evaporator, the water vapor partial pressure decreases due to cooling, so the degree of mixing becomes smaller. Therefore, the vacuum pump is extremely small and consumes less power.

In summary, according to the present invention, when the power of the pressure M machine is reduced due to improved performance, the engine becomes smaller. The water is exchanged with high-temperature condensed water introduced from a vapor compression evaporator to generate steam, and Franche evaporation is used in combination to increase the amount of water produced, and in addition, the amount of extracted air is reduced to minimize the energy used for extraction. This is an evaporation method that conserves energy per unit amount of water produced, and it will be able to cope with the tight oil situation in the future, and its effects will be great.

Example 2: 150 tons of fresh water was produced per day from seawater at 20°C, and 8.5 KWH/day of reverse osmosis pressure was used.
Significant energy savings compared to tons.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a flow sheet in one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure shows another embodiment shown in a conceptual diagram with detailed parts omitted, and FIG. 6 is a flow sheet of the main part of engine exhaust heat utilization in still another embodiment. 1...Seawater pump 6...Heat exchanger 4...
Chemical tank 7...Multi-stage evaporator 8...#tube bundle 10...Degassing tank 13...Vapor compression evaporator 1
4... Spraying device 15... Engine 16...
・Generator 17... Compressor 18... Heat exchanger tube bundle
19... Heating tube bundle 20... Inlet pipe 22... Outlet pipe 26... Ivy to the inlet side. -24...Outlet side header 25...Condensed water reservoir 2
7...Exhaust heat boiler 29...Jacket cooling water anchor ring pipe line 61...-Condensation prine reservoir 36...
Highest temperature evaporation stage 57... Immersion tube type tube bundle 40...
Lowest temperature evaporation stage 46... Fresh water pump 45... Prine pump 9... Extraction cooler 51... Vacuum pump 56... Heat collector 54... Heat storage tank 5
7... Refueling pipe patent applicant Sasakura Machinery Co., Ltd. Procedural amendment February 9, 1982 1. Indication of the case 1982 Patent Order No. 214084 2. Name of the invention Evaporation method 3. Amendment? Relationship with the case involving a person who makes a claim Patent applicant address: 6-7-5 Govlf-jima, Nishiyodoyo-ku, Osaka 555 Number of inventions increased by Okemasa: 06, Weight of amendment: 1, Scope of claims shall be corrected as follows. tl) Vapor compression evaporator and engine? In an apparatus for obtaining distilled water by combining the power of the engine with the pressure of the evaporator of 1M
In this evaporation method, the heat of the engine jacket cooling water is recovered by the engine exhaust boiler and supplied to the specific heat total evaporator. (2) Connect the evaporator to a vapor compression evaporator, and use the vapor flash-evaporated in the concentrating line total evaporator of the vapor compression evaporator and the vapor generated by NFC hot water led to the evaporator from the outside to evaporate the evaporator. '# Evaporation method that preheats the feed water flowing through a thin tube. (3) Connect the evaporator to the vapor pressure N evaporator, and connect the # compression line of the vapor pressure M evaporator? An evaporation method in which flash evaporation is performed in an evaporator, and evaporation is performed by exchanging heat with a heat exchanger tube through which steamed water led from a vapor compression evaporator flows. (4) In the evaporation method in which the vapor pressure m4 generator and the external exchanger i are arranged in descending order of operating temperature and the raw water is preheated through the heat exchanger, the non-condensable gas emitted from the evaporator is An evaporation method in which the raw water is brought into direct contact with the raw water before it flows into the vessel, cooled, and then introduced into a vacuum pump and discharged.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A vapor pressure condensing evaporator and an engine are combined to produce distilled water, and power from the engine is supplied to the compressor of the evaporator, and engine jacket cooling water is supplied to the evaporator. An evaporation method in which the salt water is sent to an internal heat exchanger to evaporate it, and the heat recovered by the engine's exhaust heat boiler is supplied to the evaporator. (2) The evaporator is connected to a vapor compression evaporator, and the #condensation line of the vapor compression evaporator is evaporated by the vapor flash-evaporated in the evaporator and the vapor generated by hot water led from the outside to the evaporator. An evaporation method that preheats the feed water flowing through the #! capillary of the vessel. (6) The evaporator is connected to the vapor compression evaporator, and the condensation line of the vapor compression evaporator is flash-evaporated in the evaporator, and the vapor compression An evaporation method in which distilled water led from an evaporator is evaporated by exchanging heat with a flowing heat transfer tube. (4) Vapor pressure &i
In the evaporation method in which the raw water is preheated by using the heat exchanger F4, the non-condensable gas from the evaporator is cooled by the cold raw water before flowing into the heat exchanger. Then, the evaporation method is conducted to discharge the gas into a vacuum pump.