JPS58101748A - Method and apparatus for separating granular substance by induction - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating various material particles;
In more detail, O2Komi style O Laplace's force 0 Magnetic field 0 Lenz and Ferradi's law, Schumann's law The object of this study is to separate the above-mentioned particles into separators.

An object of the present invention is to enable the extraction and separation of various substances that are difficult to recover using conventional classification methods.

That is, the present invention ・Non-magnetic conductive material ・Non-conductor material It separates and separates three types of substances.

Furthermore, the present invention provides separation of the above three types of various substances,
Separation of different types of substances belonging to one of the above categories, for example the separation of aluminum from copper, or the separation of non-magnetic steel from other magnetic metals, in which case the separation is carried out as a function of the resistivity of the metals. The purpose is to perform a combination of the above two functions.

The method according to the invention requires at least two phenomena which act individually and independently on the migration of the particles: a mechanical phenomenon which forms an elementary trajectory for each particle, and a mechanical phenomenon which moves the particle away from its elementary trajectory. It is characterized by subjecting the particles to be separated to an electrical phenomenon with at least one field capable of causing deviation.

Furthermore, the present invention is characterized by the use of at least one field device that is completely different from the flat field of conventional linear motors.

In another embodiment of the invention, a cylindrical field is used.

Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that gravity is used as a mechanical phenomenon.

Another embodiment of the invention utilizes centrifugal force as the mechanical phenomenon.

Yet another embodiment of the invention utilizes a fluid flow system, such as air flow, as the mechanical phenomenon.

Still other embodiments of the invention utilize transport systems such as transport belts or transport discs as mechanical phenomena.

Still other embodiments of the invention utilize a spring-based protrusion system or an impact system, such as an explosive system, as the mechanical phenomenon.

Behavioral movements are characterized by occurring transversely with respect to the basic trajectory formed by mechanical phenomena.

In another embodiment of the invention, the induction is caused by an electrical phenomenon.

The induced transition motion is arranged to occur by strongly accelerating the separated particles along the fundamental trajectory.

In another embodiment of the invention, the transition motion induced by the electrical phenomenon is arranged to occur by strongly braking the separated particles along the fundamental trajectory.

Next, features of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments.

The accompanying drawings illustrate various different devices that may be used to carry out the method according to the invention, and the method according to the invention is based on the mechanical phenomena that can form an elementary trajectory for each particle and the It is characterized by providing electric particles with a small field that causes the particles to deviate from the field.

The following are used to implement this method:

A conventional type of flat field such as a linear motor field driven by multi-phase or single-phase current with a phase difference formed by an O capacitor (Fig. 3 J0) Note that the phase difference is placed near the circuit resonance, This is obtained by obtaining the largest magnetic flux shock from G.

-O or a flat field with windings forming a sliding field or a Laplace force oriented in the direction appropriate and advantageous to effect the desired sorting. In this case, the spiral coil 2 (first
, FIG. 2].

0 or a movable permanent magnet.

In the first two cases, separation efficiency and power may be improved (
Figure 5).

And the field device is an O cylinder, or a perforated cylinder, or a plurality of concentric cylinders, a partial cylinder, a crown, a cone,
It may be in any form such as a truncated cone or other geometric shapes.

Further, the coil may be either axial or circumferential.

The field porcelain further has the following characteristics.

It can be applied to particle size measurement of substances to be separated.

0 Cooling can be done by water, air, or other methods, and the system can be equipped with an automatic temperature control device.

O A cylindrical demagnetizing member can be arranged before that.

As the mechanical phenomenon that determines the basic trajectory, impact systems such as gravity, remote fluid flow systems, springs, explosion systems, etc. can be used.

The basic orbit shows various orientations, for example, when using ground gravity as shown in FIG. 1, it is vertical, and when using airflow, as shown in FIG. 3, it is horizontal.

The substance to be separated is a single field device (Figures 1 to 4).
or between two field devices (FIG. 5).

The trajectory deviations obtained by electrical phenomena can take place perpendicularly or tangentially to the basic trajectory 3 or in any direction with respect to the flat field.

In the case of FIG. 1, the basic trajectory 3 is vertical, whereas the Laplace force 4 produced by the field 2 with the spiral coil 5 is horizontal.

A trajectory 7 is formed, while the field generates a normal force 8.

In the case of Figures 6-11, a flat or cylindrical field produces a sliding field that brakes or accelerates the particles.

(If the basic orbit 9 rises vertically (Fig. 6)
, a field with a vertical plane generates a sliding field, which produces a descending force 10 that brakes the particles. Some of the particles make half a revolution (trajectory 9a) and some go over the head of the field (trajectory 9b). The action causes the particle to deviate from the vertical trajectory, thereby allowing its recovery.

When the horizontal basic trajectory 12 (Fig. 7) is formed by an air jet placed above the height of the field device 13 having a horizontal surface, the sliding field of the field device forms various particle shoot regions. Can be done. and placing containers 15, 16, 17 in these different chute areas,
Each container can collect, for example, a non-conducting material, a material with low conductivity, and a material with high conductivity separately.

This principle is also applied to the embodiment of FIG. 8, in which the basic trajectory is formed by a horizontal conveying band 18, on which a field device 19 is arranged, which applies an accelerating force in the tangential direction. 20.

Next, in FIGS. 9 and 10, a cylindrical field device 20 generates a swirling field that generates a circular force 21 therein, and includes a spiral lamp 22. Since the axis of the field is oriented vertically, the particles introduced into the feeding device at the top of the field in the direction of arrow 23 are gradually accelerated by gravity along a helical trajectory, resulting in more or less strong capture as a function. An accelerating force will be applied to the particles, and the particles ejected with some velocity to the lower outlet of the field will be collected by a number of Judros.

Referring now to FIG. 11, the cylindrical field has a vertical axis and a spiral ramp, the supply port 27 is disposed at the mid-height of the ramp, and the circular force 28 caused by the swirling field is applied to the particles in a direction corresponding to their rise along the ramp. In this case, the conductive material is arranged to rise up the lamp and be discharged by the upper outlet 29, while the non-conductive material is collected at the lower outlet 30, so that due to the effect of the field some particles It becomes possible to apply the striking force λ to various phenomena such as ground gravity, friction against any surface (in this case, friction against a lamp), etc.

In Figure 12.13, 233 superimposed at right angles
are using. This flat field field 33 is arranged above the lower belt of the upper conveyor belt 32 and forms a sliding field of the conveyor belt 32 in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of said lower belt. 35 is the supply port (downward conveyance bell) 3
It is located at the upper end of 1. And, it is configured to collect substances as described below.

The magnetic conductor material is collected at the lower end 36 of the upper belt 32 .

The non-magnetic conductive material is collected at the upper end 37 of the upper belt 32.

0 Collect the non-conducting material at the lower end 38 of the lower belt 31 .

914 and 15 show another embodiment, in which a downward conveying disk 39 having a vertical axis
and an upper transport disk 40 having a longitudinal axis 40 formed on both disks 39,40. Then, in the overlapping area, a flat field device 41 is arranged on top of the upper disk 40, while the lower disk 39 has a supply port 42 on the upper side with respect to the overlapping area.
A discharge guide rail 43 is provided on the lower side with respect to the overlapping region.

In this embodiment, recovery is performed as follows.

Recovery of non-conductor material by O guide rail 43.

0 Collection of non-magnetic conductive material into a container 44 located below the upper disk 40 and immediately downstream with respect to the overlap area.

Collection of magnetic conductor material into a container 45 arranged below the upper disk 40 and downstream with respect to the container 44.

To this end, the sliding field 46 of the horizontal, flat field 41 is generally moved from the axis of the disk 39 to the disk 40, in an alternative embodiment shown in FIG. An upper conveying disk 48 is provided, which disk 48 is configured to constantly rotate and partially overlap the conveying belt 47 . Then, in the overlap region, the upper disk 48 has a flat horizontal field 49 on its top, which field 49 is connected to the conveyor belt 4
7 and in the direction of the axis 48 of the disk 48.

In this example, material recovery is performed as follows.

0 Collection of magnetic conductor material on the side of the belt 47 located opposite the longitudinal axis of the disk 48.

0 Collection of non-magnetic conductive material on the side of the belt 47 located close to the longitudinal axis of the disk 48 .

A further embodiment of the non-conducting material on the downstream side of the belt 47 shown in FIG. 17 is constructed as follows.

That is, the cylindrical material 51 located above the flat field device 52 moves in the opposite direction to the sliding magnetic flux 53 . The cylindrical substance 51 is positioned with its base sideways.
moves in the sliding upward direction. This makes it possible to select the form and selectively separate cylindrical substances that are not located correctly.

Although not shown, the field can alternatively be placed on a fluidized bed or in a vibrating crucible system.

Next, preferred application examples of the method according to the present invention will be described.

・Separation of plugs and crowns made of aluminum, iron, and plastic materials.

- Separation of magnetic aluminum coins, gold coins, silver coins, and copper coins.

[Revinyl], classification of aluminum.

0 Extraction of magnetic and non-magnetic conductive materials from waste.

Extraction of O conductor ore.

0 Separation of non-magnetic conductive materials and non-conductive materials in automatic manufacturing processes.

0 Extraction of lead or brass crowns in crushed glass bottles.

- Widely expanded, separation of non-magnetic conductive materials, or separation of magnetic conductive materials, non-magnetic conductive materials and/or non-conducting materials.

In another embodiment of the invention, the differences in the coefficient of friction present in the quantities of material to be separated and the support member over which the bin is configured can be utilized. In this case, the field system will move the particles, but the particles will be more or less damped depending on the coefficient of friction against the conveyor belt or other support member.

A field device 60 (FIG. 18) is arranged below the upper belt of the main conveyor belt 61, which belt 61 is connected to the bulk material 7.
It is configured to accept 0. The belt 61 has a lateral protrusion 62 (slip stopper, stay, etc.), which enables the field device 60 to act as a magnet to drive the magnetic material 63 that attempts to stop running. Then, this magnetic material 63 is attached to a non-conductive material 6 on the lower side of the main belt 61.
4 is discharged together with In addition, the non-magnetic conductive material 69 is the i-roller of the linear field device 60 and the traveling direction 6 of the belt 61 is
It is discharged in a direction perpendicular to 5.

After passing through the magnetic drum 80, the magnetic material 63 and the non-conducting material 64 are collected on the downstream side of the belt 61 and can be separated by known means, such as a magnet or an electromagnet.

In an alternative embodiment, shown in FIG.
It consists of a mixture of particles, beads, etc. that are maintained in a suspended state. If metal balls are used, for example, the particles to be separated will float on the surface of the fluidized bed 66 without friction.

A belt 611Ii having a protrusion 62 runs in the direction shown by the arrow 65, and the field device 60 is located below the belt 61 (belt) 61.
A magnetic field 81 is formed above 8. The particles to be separated will thus flow over the bed 66. Non-magnetic conductor particles 69 are collected on the upper side of the band 61, and magnetic conductor particles 63 are collected on the lower side.

Note that the fluidized bed 66 may be horizontal or inclined.

Most of the devices described above can be modified to include systems of the type shown in FIGS. 20 and 21.

In the case of FIG. 20, the loose particles 70 are fed into the supply hopper 71.
The hopper 71 is equipped with a vibrating lower 2 and is disposed perpendicular to the conveyor belt 73, and discharges the particles 70 onto the conveyor belt 73.

These particles are then arranged in rows as the belt 73 advances (in the direction of the arrow 74).Then, the particles 70 are sequentially conveyed in the direction of the separation area 75 consisting of a device of the type described above. It will be done.

'In another embodiment shown in FIG. 21, the arrangement of the particles 70 is further improved. That is, the vibration hopper 71
．． 72 discharges particles onto a belt 73 running at a speed Vl, which in turn discharges particles onto a second belt 76.

The belt 76 is arranged substantially perpendicular to the belt 73 and is configured to run at a speed V11. Next, the fourth belt 7 runs at a speed of 78 and then a speed of v4.
It is configured to emit at 8.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a side view of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the present invention, and FIG.
A front view of the field device of the device shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, and a perspective view of different types of device for carrying out the method according to the invention with a flat field device, FIGS. 6 to 8. 9 is a side view of an apparatus with a flat field for carrying out the method according to the invention; FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an apparatus with a cylindrical field for carrying out the method according to the invention; FIG. 10 is the ninth
11 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the device with a cylindrical field device, and FIG. 12 shows a flat field device for carrying out the method according to the invention. A perspective view of a device having a conveyor belt, FIG.
A cross-sectional view along the mold line, a perspective view of the device, and Figure 15 is the 14th
16 is a perspective view of the device having a flat field device, a conveyor band, and a conveyance disk; FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the device having a flat field device; FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the device having a flat field device; The figure shows another embodiment of the structure shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, FIG.
21 is a plan view showing a feeding device for improving the separation function in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 21 is a plan view showing another embodiment of FIG. 20. patent applicant

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) A method of classifying substances into three types, magnetic conductive substances, non-magnetic conductive substances, and non-conductive substances, using a single device or machine, in which each particle is classified into There are at least two different phenomena configured to act independently: mechanical phenomena (gravity, fluid flow, conveyance bells) that form a predetermined fundamental trajectory for each particle, and mechanical phenomena that cause the particle to deviate from the fundamental trajectory. supplying the particles to be separated to an electrical phenomenon with a predetermined small number of magnetic fields (such as a linear motor field, a cylindrical field with a rotating magnetic field, etc.); A method of separating material particles by induction, which is characterized by the use of important effects in phenomena. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that, as the mechanical phenomenon, an impact system, such as a spring projection system or an explosive system, is used. (3) A device for separating material particles by induction, characterized in that it consists of a hollow cylindrical field having a spiral lamp inside. (4) It has two conveyor belt trucks that are overlapped orthogonally,
In addition, in the overlapping region of the two belts, a flat field magnet disposed on the lower belt of the upper belt applies a sliding field in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the lower belt of the upper belt. An apparatus for separating material particles by induction, characterized in that the device is configured to separate material particles by induction. (5) The lower transport disk having a vertical axis and the vertical disk are configured to rotate in the same direction and partially overlap each other, and in the overlapping area of the two disks, the upper disk is Separating material particles by induction, characterized in that the arranged flat field device is configured to form a sliding field as a whole directed from the axis P) of the downward conveying disk in the axial direction of the upward conveying disk. Device. (6) having a lower conveyor belt and an upper rotating conveyor disk having a vertical axis partially overlapping with the conveyor belt, and in the overlap region a flat field device disposed above the disk; An apparatus for separating material particles by induction, characterized in that a sliding field is formed in a direction opposite to the axis of the disk and generally transverse to the conveyor belt. (7) In electrical phenomena, a magnetic field system moves particles based on their coefficient of friction against a conveyor belt or other support member, using a support member to move different objects to be sorted. 2. A method for separating material particles by induction according to claim 1, characterized in that the braking is performed by means of a brake. (8) Claims characterized in that the main conveyor belt has a field device disposed below the upper belt, and the main conveyor belt has a protrusion that allows the magnetic substance to travel. An apparatus for separating substance particles according to any one of items 3 to 6 by induction. (9) A conveyor belt having a fluidized bed or a vibrating support member that receives the particles to be classified and has protrusions is arranged above the fluidized bed, and a field device is placed between the upper and lower sides of the belt. The apparatus according to claims 3 to 6 and 8, characterized in that the apparatus is deployed. (Claims 3 to 6, 8 and 8) comprising a supply system equipped with a hopper having a vibrating port for sequentially discharging particles to be separated to the 101 supply conveyor belt. 9. Apparatus for separating particles of material by induction according to any of clauses 9. (111) A belt advancing at a speed Vl discharges particles into a second belt advancing substantially at right angles at a speed v2; The belt discharges the particles to a third belt intersecting it and advancing with a speed V8, and finally to a fourth transverse feed belt advancing with a velocity v4, the velocities of which are Vl< Claims 3 to 6, 8, and 9 have relative values determined by the relational expression Vs < VB < V4.
Substance powder described in any of the paragraphs